Solar Water Pump Control with Different Time Slots

Solar energy is converted into electrical energy by using photo-voltaic cells. During the day time, the energy stored in the batteries can be utilized to run water pump for agriculture. This project aims at developing a controlled charging mechanism providing protections for over charge condition, deep discharge condition and under voltage state of the battery. This proposed system will be comprised of a DC pump which reduces the use of inverters etc, therefore reducing the cost of the project. Using the charge controlled mechanism, the water pump can be operated at four different time slots. Difficulties like switching the pump ON/OFF manually can be overcome using this project. There exists an inbuilt real time clock (RTC) which keeps tracking the time and thus switches ON/OFF the pump accordingly. MOSFET's are also used by the charge controller as power semiconductor switches to ensure cutting of the load (DC Pump) in conditions like low battery or overload, while, the transistor is used to bypass the solar energy to a dummy load while the battery gets fully charged. Thus the battery is protected from getting over charged.