Laser Ignition System for IC Engine - A Review

Performance of future ignition system for internal combustion engines should be reliable and ef�cient to enhance and sustain combustion stability, since ignition not only initiates combustion but also influences subsequent combustion. Lean burn systems have been regarded as an advanced combustion approach that could improve thermal ef�ciency while reducing exhaust gas emissions. However, current engines cannot be operated suf�ciently lean due to ignition related problems such as the sluggish flame initiation and propagation along with potential mis�ring. A high exhaust gas recircula- tion engines also has similar potential for emissions improvement. Laser ignition (LI) has been shown to offer many potential benefits compared to spark ignition (SI) for improving the performance of internal combustion (IC) engines. In general, a well-defined ignition location and ignition time is of great importance for an IC engine. Spark plugs are well suited for such tasks but suffer from disadvantages, like erosion of electrodes & inflexible or un-optimal location of spark plug. Over the conventional ignition systems, ignition of combustible materials by means of high power laser pulses could be beneficial. Because the thermodynamic requirements of a high compression ratio and a high power density are fulfilled well by laser ignition. This paper outlines the current state of the relevant knowledge on fuel ignition and discuss selected applications, advantages, in the context of combustion engines