Arduino Based Anti-Collision and Automatic Braking System for Vehicles

This system is proposed to reduce number of road accidents which have been increased drastically over the past years. Majority of road accidents are due to collisions with stationary objects or moving objects. The task of collision avoidance system here is to track objects of potential collision risk and determine an action to avoid collision. The basic idea here is to improve the safety measurements of the vehicle by using advanced systems available in the field of electronics and automobile. This is an Atmega328P microcontroller based system which uses ultrasonic sensor and IR sensor for braking mechanism. The controller of the vehicle measures the distance ahead continuously using the ultrasonic module. Further the system checks measured distance against the respective car’s ahead distance through wireless module, simultaneously IR sensor checks the RPM of wheel, which then is converted into speed (km/hr). If the received distance found to be less than a particular limit and its corresponding speed limit satisfies the condition of collision then this system provides a warning to the driver when there is an imminent collision. When the distance between car and obstacle goes beyond limit with respect to the speed, then the braking system gets activated. Here, the servo motor performs mechanism to apply the brakes on wheels by rotating its shafts, thereby stopping the vehicle.