A Review Paper on: Buildings Using Step-Back, Step-Back Set-Back, and Set-Back Seismic Analysis

Earthquake is the shaking of the earth's surface, and it is one of nature's most destructive and unexpected phenomena. Plate tectonics movement, volcanic eruptions, or man-made explosions cause earthquakes, which last for a brief time, usually less than a minute. Aftershocks accompany larger earthquakes; this earthquake was the most violent and deadly, killing many people and destroying many important properties. Since the 1934 Nepal-Bihar earthquake, it has been a disaster-causing earthquake in India. These densely inhabited hilly areas, including remote settlements perched on hilly areas, experienced catastrophic property damage and many innocent lives were lost. This paper uses the seismic coefficient approach in ETABS v16 to try to explain the behaviour of hillside buildings. Three types of buildings are studied: step-back (SBB), step-back set-back (SBSB), and set-back (SB) buildings with three to five stories. The seismic susceptibility associated with their dynamic response qualities is investigated and contrasted. To fully comprehend the analysis result and configure the suitability of each structure, the comparison is presented in the form of charts. SBB is proven to be more lethal than other types of structures, and the usage of shear walls and bracing is found to be effective in improving building seismic performance.