Privacy in the present era has become a more rational issue either it may be in the real world or in cyber world. The field of privacy has seen rapid advances in recent years because of the increases in the ability to store data but due to recent advances in the data mining field have led to increased concerns about privacy. Privacy preserving data mining is a research area concerned with the privacy driven from personally identifiable information when considered for data mining. This project addresses the privacy problem by considering the privacy and algorithmic requirements simultaneously. The proposed work has the basis of reduction of support and confidence of sensitive rule. This project is to implement an association rule hiding algorithm for privacy preserving data mining which would be efficient in providing confidentiality and improve the performance at the time when the database stores and retrieves huge amount of data.

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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an efficient transmission technique for high data rate communication systems. The major problem of OFDM system is Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) which reduces the efficiency of the system and increases the system complexity. In this paper, the two different techniques are combined together, so as to give the effective reduction in PAPR for OFDM, namely, DFT spreading and Two Piece-wise Companding (TPWC). DFT spread OFDM (DFTS-OFDM) has been selected as the uplink transmission scheme for long-term 3G evolution (LTE) and TPWC transform can provide significant PAPR reduction with low computational complexity, which is similar to other existing linear transforms. TPWC is proposed so as to compress large signal amplitudes and expand small ones with two different linear functions.

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in this work a method for determining the residual stresses induced at the center and around a modified friction taper plug welding (FTPW) process in aluminium alloys is introduced. The strategy developed in this work depends on the principal idea of the hole-drilling method (HDM). Basically, the hole-drilling method relies on measuring the stress relaxation when material is removed by a hole that is drilled into the center of a rosette strain gauge. From the measured magnitude and direction of the strain relaxation, principal residual stresses can be calculated. In this approach the FTPW is modified such that the tapered plug is being removed by pushing it out from the other side after being friction welded into the material. The extent of the strain relief is monitored by three gauges placed around the welded plug during the push-out test and therefore the direction and magnitude of the principal stresses can be calculated. The result of the analysis of residual stresses induced during the FTPW shows a clear correlation to the result of the push-out test and therefore gives an in-depth understanding of the effect of the modified FTPW process on the material surrounded.

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Friction stir welding is a novel innovative solid state welding process that is mainly used nowadays to join aluminium sheets. Due to the time and economic constraints, the verification of the experimental work using appropriate simulation models has become essential to reduce the hassle of the practical approaches. Many simulation models were designed to verify different process parameters but very little of the simulation approaches were conducted on the complete process. This present work focuses on a complete coupled thermal-displacement analysis model that is simulating the whole friction stir welding process from the 'penetration' to the final 'feed step'. For the simulation process two models were designed using Abaqus-Explicit, the first simulating the 'penetration' and 'dwelling' processes only and the second simulating 'feed steps' as well. The results of the simulation models are compared and calibrated with previous experimental work that is done on friction stir butt welded 1.5 mm aluminium sheets A6061-T6. The comparison of the experimental and simulation data has shown 95% matching of the results especially for the temperature distribution and shape of deformation obtained by the friction stir welding tool during the penetration process. The designed simulation model is therefore a proven consistent tool for simulating the unpredictable process parameters of the friction stir welding for a reliable optimization process.

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the present paper focuses on FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System) and HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) transmission technologies, Particular attention is paid to different specific technical, economic and environmental features of these power electronics-based devices. Final aim of the paper is the investigation of the role that FACTS and HVDC may play towards the development of the future Indian transmission system.

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Internet is growing exponentially in today's world. Data on web servers is getting high and high in terms of size. Many servers reach their limit of serving web pages to requests. That is why the concept of web cache arises. So the server does not have to serve each request actually and requester gets requested data also. This paper represents the survey of different web caching techniques and their performance ratios. Web caching is one of the best techniques to improve web performance. It reduces server load and user wait time. In this paper we will describe caching elements and its characteristics. Then we will do a survey of different existing cache techniques.

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this paper provides brief idea about Big Data, various sources which generate rich amount of Big Data and how Big Data are analyzed by using various tools or technology. Also this paper briefly describes three very important characteristics about Big Data. This paper also includes survey of Big Data in Global and Financial/Banking Sector.

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in today's life the demand on electricity is much higher than that of its production the main objective of our project is to produce electricity by using the force of air created by the moving vehicle in highways. In highways the vehicle suffers a lot to travel in night time because of lightning problem. This problem can be overcome by using the VERTICLE AXIS HIGHWAY TURBINE (VAHT).This is a new unique method of power generation. In this method the windmill blade is designed in a vertical direction and it is kept at the middle of the highway divider by a series combination. The force in the middle portion is higher than the side of the road .This force will rotate the vertical turbine blade. And this blade is coupled with the generator and this generator will produce electricity. In our method we have coupled one more generator and we have increased its efficiency.

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In this study regarding rock bolt in tunnel construction, the effect of rock bolts and shotcrete method on the stability of a tunnel below the ground as well as with in the mountains are studied. Rock bolts installed at the tunnel crown played a more important role in ensuring the stability of the tunnel roof than those installed at the tunnel sidewalls if the length and spacing were appropriate. Rock bolts installed with a certain inclination to the horizontal in the longitudinal section had the same effect as the rock bolts installed in the direction normal to the tunnel wall if the rock bolts of a certain length were installed with fairly dense spacing. This study review contains basic role of rock bolt techniques in tunnel construction. Also contains initial or construction cost at starting stage and maintenance cost, what kind of material, manpower and machinery required for construction of tunnel with this technique .for the different place which technique is better for saving time and cost of construction.

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Text classification has become one of the major techniques for organizing and managing online information; similarly SMS classification is also an important task now a day. In this paper, we have focused on the issue of short words used in SMS (hpy for happy, bday for birthday) which reduces classification accuracy, so after removing such words with original words, we got better accuracy. We used Decision tree Algorithm for classification of SMS data as it is giving better accuracy then other classifiers. But still replacing all possible short words for the given word dynamically by the original word is an issue.

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We exaggeration the performance of the TCP protocol. Provided further, work on using TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) to provide reliable data transmission has been performed for the purpose of smooth integration with the wired Internet. In the wired Internet, TCP-Vegas is a well-known transport protocol which takes into account existing network conditions. In this research paper I perform the survey of the congestion control mechanism of TCP reacts adversely to packet losses due to temporarily broken routes in wireless networks. Through simulations using ns-2, we observed that TCP-Vegas-Ad Hoc outperforms the standard TCP-Vegas protocol especially under high mobility scenarios over both reactive and proactive ad hoc routing protocols such as AODV and OLSR. Compare AODV and OLSR with different network parameters and conclude solution with simulation tools OPNET, NS-2 etc.

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The black hole attack is one of the well-known security dangers in remote mobile ad hoc network. The interlopers use the escape clause to complete their malicious behaviors in light of the fact that the track revelation process is important and inescapable. Numerous scientists have led diverse location methods to propose distinctive sorts of recognition plans. In this paper, we review the existing results and examine the state-of-the-symbolization steering routines. We not just group these suggestions into single black hole attack and community black hole attack additionally dissect the classifications of these results and give a correlation table.

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Reducing power consumption has been an essential requirement for Cloud resource providers not only to decrease operating costs, but also to improve the system reliability. A cloud system uses virtualization technology to provide cloud resources (e.g. CPU, memory) to users in form of Virtual Machines (VM).We have proposed Power- Conscious provisioning of virtual machines policy for user services. In our approach user is asking for the virtual platform to deploy his application on the Cloud system .After receiving request from the user, Resource Broker will compose the request to Data Centre. We have propose scheme to provision the virtual machine which consumes less energy so, it will increase the profit of Data center and at the same time user will have to pay minimum price if two hosts are consuming same power. It uses Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) scheme.

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Software Project Estimation is the process of predicting the most realistic use of effort required to develop or maintain software based on incomplete, uncertain and/or noisy input. Effort estimates may be used as input to project plans, iteration plans, budgets and investment analyses, pricing processes and bidding rounds. There are many ways of categorizing estimation approaches like Expert estimation where the estimate is produced based on judgmental processes. The Formal estimation model where the usage of a formula derived from historical data. Combination-based estimation is based on a judgmental or mechanical combination of estimates from different sources. We present a hybrid technique to the sizing problem in Estimation which is very much critical to a project's success.

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Recent growth in the number of studies for automating the process of post-mortem (PM) identification of deceased individuals based on various features of teeth is remarkable. Hence, nowadays dental X-ray has played an important role in human identification. Particularly, in cases of severe accidents (Airplane crashes,9/11 bombing, Car/Train accidents), natural disasters (Asian Tsunami, Flood, Earthquake, Volcanic eruption, Typical cyclone), etc. wherein other identification clues like fingerprint, iris, face, etc. are not available for human identification. Dental features remain less invariant over longer time period. The purpose of dental image processing is to match the postmortem (PM) radiograph with the ante-mortem (AM) radiograph based on some features of the dental X-ray images. The dental radiograph images acquired may be of poor quality and contrast. Therefore, first it is important to classify and then enhance the quality of image and thereafter applied various segmentation algorithms on enhanced dental radiograph image. Various features of individual tooth are being extracted and identification can be possible based on matching of these feature vectors for PM images which are calculated and compared with AM images. This paper provides a basic idea of various classification, enhancement, segmentation and detail feature extraction techniques for human identification using dental radiographs.

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Ecological and Supporting impact for a Sustainable development have Inspired the growth of electrical generation from renewable energies. A imperative demand for more electric power coupled with Convectional resources has led to an increased need for energy production from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. The latest technological Development in wind energy conversion and an increased support from governmental and private institutions have led to increased wind power generation in recent years. Wind power is the fastest growing renewable source of electrical energy Wind power generation of electricity is seen as one of the most practical options and with better relation Techno commercial inside the active matrix now a days. This study provides the results of a study conducted to assess the "effect on voltage profile of grid connected wind farm it's improvement though application of SSSC" system.

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Transesterified vegetable oil, also called biodiesel is becoming increasingly important as a fuel for diesel engine due to several reasons. Bio-diesel is a renewable, inexhaustible and a clean burning fuel. Many studies have shown that properties of bio-diesel are very close to petro diesel. Bio-diesel can be used in diesel engine without modification. Bio-diesel has no aromatic, no-sulfur and contains 10-12% oxygen by weight. These characteristics of bio-diesel reduce the harmful emissions of unburned hydrocarbons and CO, research has shown that NOx, emission is higher in case of bio-diesel fueled engine. . The aim of present research work is to use B10, B20, B30, blend of jatropha methyl ester. The effect of super charging also studied and the performance of the engine are evaluated in terms of BSFC, TFC, SEC, brake thermal efficiency and volumetric efficiency. The investigation result shows that the brake thermal efficiency and volumetric efficiency of the engine with super charger was improved in comparison with naturally aspirated engine. HC and Smoke opacity emissions are dceresed with supercharging condition.

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In this paper, we are presenting some modern techniques for the encryption and decryption. Basically, all modern version of hill cipher are discussed in brief. This review research paper concentrates on the different kinds of encryption techniques that exist. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are also discussed in brief. In modern era, the use of information and communication technology is increasing day by day. It means that the information is travelling at a brisk pace. It is needed to be secured. We hope that our study will help in increasing the efficiency of popular encryption and decryption technique.

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In this paper, we provide here an overview of the new and rapidly emerging research area of privacy preserving data mining. A classification hierarchy is also proposed that sets the basis for analyzing the work which has been performed in this context. Also a detailed review of the work accomplished in this area is also given along with the coordinates of each work to the classification hierarchy. A small evaluation is performed and some initial conclusions are made.

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In the new era of wireless communication and developing information security techniques, it is very necessary to maintain security of images which serve as a source for data analysis for different applications. Therefore there is rapid demand for reliable techniques, to ensure the security of images. This proposed technique discusses the implementation of a new data hiding technique based on adaptive pixel pair matching. The proposed technique uses the chaotic map based encryption to increase the rank of security in case of attacks.. The basic idea of PPM is to use the pixel pair values as a reference coordinate, and search a coordinate in the neighborhood set of this pixel pair based on a given message digit.

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Solar desalination is gradually emerging as a successful renewable energy source of producing fresh water. This paper presents the solar humidification- dehumidification technique to produce pure water from brackish water. Units work on this principle, are considered as the most viable among solar desalination units. This study leads a step towards in the development of solar powered water purification technology. Although a fair amount of simulation studies have been conducted in the past, further design simulation is required to fully understand the complicated effects of air and water flow rates, the optimum size of individual components or modules of the unit and to generate a comprehensive model for the system.

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The Boiler control is one of the most basic thermal power plant controls. Boiler water level control system includes steam drum water level, steam flow and water supply. The control objective is to control the water level of boiler drum. Fuzzy Adaptive PID controller is designed for controlling the boiler drum water level at a certain range. Fuzzy adaptive controller seeking the three parameters of PID controller and the relationship between e and ec, make the best adjustment for PID parameters on the steam drum water level system automatically. MATLABSIMULINK models of the boiler drum water level system are developed for the PID, Fuzzy-PID, and Fuzzy Adaptive PID controller. The simulation result of Fuzzy Adaptive PID controller shows that the system is more stable, can meet the load and frequent fluctuations of water supply pressure, and improve the quality control of the internal and external disturbances.

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This presents a novel and efficient examplarbased inpainting algorithm through investigating the sparsity of natural image patches. Two novel concepts of sparsity at the patch level are proposed for modeling the patch priority and patch representation, which are two crucial steps for patch propagation in the examplar-based inpainting approach. First, patch structure sparsity is designed to measure the confidence of a patch located at the image structure the sparseness of its nonzero similarities to the neighboring patches. The patch with larger structure sparsity will be assigned higher priority for further inpainting. Second, it is assumed that the patch to be filled can be represented by the sparse linear combination of candidate patches under the local patch consistency constraint in a framework of sparse representation. Compared with the traditional examplar-based inpainting approach, structure sparsity enables better discrimination of structure and texture, and the patch sparse representation forces the newly inpainted regions to be sharp and consistent with the surrounding textures.

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Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) consists of a set of mobile hosts that carry out basic networking functions like routing, packet forwarding and service discovery without the help of an established infrastructure. The nodes of an ad hoc network rely on one another in forwarding a packet to its destination; due to the limited range of each mobile host's wireless transmissions. Security in MANET is an essential component for basic network functions like packet forwarding and routing: network operation can be easily jeopardized if countermeasures are not embedded into basic network functions at the early stages of their design. In MANET, Black hole attacks may cause packet dropping, misrouting the information form source to destination. So the performance of the network is totally degraded. The biology-inspired techniques like as ant colony optimization (ACO) which have proven to be very adaptable in other problem domains have been applied to the MANET routing problem as it forms a good fit to the problem.

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Now a days the transmission lines are operated under the heavily stressed condition, hence there is risk of the consequent voltage instability. There is a multifunctional control device which can be effectively control the load flow distribution and the power transfer capability is the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission system (FACTS). Proper placements of FACTS devices reduce the transmission losses and improve the voltage stability. This paper presents an optimal location of SVC to determine the location of SVC for improving the voltage profile in a power system. The location of SVC is placed based on Voltage Stability Index (VSI) or L-index. The 9 bus system is simulated using Mipower software.

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