An examination of the thermal insulating properties of six cotton and polyester-based textile samples Recycled edge waste that was turned into a green product. Although its quantities are small, waste from the selvedge-recovered cotton and polyester fibres is a potential supply of raw material that may be used for the process of thermal insulation applications. Chemical bonding is used in the process to create multilayer nonwoven sheets. The physical characteristics of each sample were examined for thermal insulation in accordance with ASTM and ISO standards. Thermal insulation processes on temperatures (0,25,50,75,100,125,150,175 and 200℃) were computed based on the thermal conductive in solids principle technique of measuring thermal insulation qualities. The findings demonstrated a nonwoven material produced using cotton and polyester selvedge waste that has been reprocessed, finds applications for thermal insulation. The recycled waste cotton/polyester selvedge nonwoven mats can withstand dampness in a humid environment conditions in a suitable manner without compromising their insulating capabilities. This analysis demonstrates that 100% polyester and 50/50 Cotton/ Polyester nonwovens provide with improved thermal insulation properties.

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With today's busy schedule, cleaning your home and surroundings is even more difficult. Currently, there are vacuum cleaners that require a human to operate. Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a vacuum cleaner which can operate without human intervention. This project implements an effective method of cleaning the desired area. By using this vacuum cleaner, dangerous places can be cleaned, reducing the risk to humans. This is achieved by implementing an autonomous system. Here, an RC motor built into a vacuum cleaner is used. The system comes with an ultrasonic sensor that helps avoid large obstacles like tables, chairs, walls, etc. With the current COVID situation, more and more people cannot clean together due to the need to maintain social distancing. In the era of more and more advanced digital technology, the distance is measured by this sensor, and the car will choose the farthest direction from the obstacle to avoid the collision with the obstacle. The vacuum cleaner is designed with a CPU fan and a hose is attached to the mouth of the bottle. The entire system is powered by batteries. With today's busy schedule, cleaning your home and surroundings is even more difficult. Currently, there are vacuum cleaners that require a human to operate. Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a vacuum cleaner which can operate without human intervention. This project implements an effective method of cleaning the desired area. By using this vacuum cleaner, dangerous places can be cleaned, reducing the risk to humans. This is achieved by implementing an autonomous system. Here, an RC motor built into a vacuum cleaner is used. The system comes with an ultrasonic sensor that helps avoid large obstacles like tables, chairs, walls, etc. With the current COVID situation, more and more people cannot clean together due to the need to maintain social distancing. In the era of more and more advanced digital technology, the distance is measured by this sensor, and the car will choose the farthest direction from the obstacle to avoid the collision with the obstacle. The vacuum cleaner is designed with a CPU fan and a hose is attached to the mouth of the bottle. The entire system is powered by batteries.

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Bicycle is a two wheel vehicle which is invented in 1817. This vehicle can be powered by a rider and can be steered using a vehicle .There were various forms of bicycles in the past history has through which the existing forms has evolved. Studies are still going on for making bicycling more comfortable and economical. So in this paper we are going to see the better version of bicycle by Electric vehicle mechanism with bike engine gear box As we saw, from olden days to now the bicycle has evolved according to time . Bicycle requires physical energy, so by doing some modifications the bicycle can run by electric energy. Its an Eco-Friendlier vehicle. In this project we are going to see how we can run the bicycle by Electric energy with gearing mechanism. In this bicycle mechanism, we need battery, motor and gear box. Battery is required to supply energy, Motor is required to run the bicycle by connecting it with chains. Gear box contains gears which is used to alter the speed of vehicles.

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Dome is a structural element in architecture that has changed its shape, functions and materials from time to time representing the advancement of human beings in mathematics and technology. Kiewitt dome consists of a series of subdivided triangles along the circumferential direction, which have common vertex at the crown of dome. On the basis of the lattice forms of upper single-layer reticulated shell, they can be called as rib-ring type, sunflower type and bird-nest type of suspen-dome. Kiewitt domes commonly used in spatial structures. Kiewitt Dome has better progressive collapse resistance than other dome. In this paper, we have analyzed 100 m kiewitt dome by using Extended Three-dimensional Analysis of Building System (ETABS) software and compared the results of maximum storey displacement, storey drifts, Stress and overturning moments. Structural performances under load combinations of bending moment, shear force and axial force are also being studied in this paper.

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Tinospora cordifolia, also known as guduchi or heart-leaved moonseed, is a medicinal plant commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine. The roots, stems, and leaves of this plant are believed to have a range of medicinal properties, including antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-stress effects. Tinospora cordifolia is used to treat a variety of health conditions, including jaundice, fever, gout, urinary and upper respiratory infections, skin infections, chronic diarrhea, dysentery, itching, and erysipelas. It is also th ought to have preventive effects against these conditions. The medicinal properties of Tinospora cordifolia, such as its antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antifungal effects, the medicinal properties of this plant may make it useful for the development of antimicrobial textiles or other medical textiles for use in healthcare settings. May make it a useful material for the development of medical textiles that can help prevent the spread of infection or protect against other health hazards.

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In this paper, the output voltage harmonics of three-phase induction motor is reviewed. Several main factors which influence harmonics elimination also are discussed. Today, numerous industries use induction motors with variable frequency drives. These VFDs produce various harmonics, which heat up the motor, introduce EMI, and cause measuring equipment to malfunction. The mechanical force that results from these fault circumstances is strongly influenced by the motor's rate of rotation. Low motor speed causes the mechanical issue to exert less effort, which reduces frequency harmonics in the stator current. The stator current spectrum exhibits fault signals, however, even when the drive input frequency is very low, according to the data. Additionally, because the frequency components of interest are substantially lower than the drive frequencies, the harmonics of the drive frequency have little impact on defect identification. The majority of harmonic distortion occurs when loads draw non-sinusoidal current from the system. It predominates in areas where AC is converted to DC.

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It is a fact that along with food and clothes, housing is one of the three most important requirements of a human being. We cannot imagine a better and healthy society without shelter right. Housing is in primary order of needs. No doubt, it is a global issue and persists in India as well. Since Independence, We have crossed a long journey of land reforms in India. In particular, regarding the homestead land entitlement, the State is unable to provide safe housing to each and every citizen of India. It is familiar with the challenging situation of housing conditions in rural India, particularly Bihar. Substandard implementation of the BPPHT Act 1947 (Bihar Privileged Persons Homestead Tenancy Act 1947) at the grassroots level demonstrates the governance failure of the concerned state and also helps to understand how ultimately state has been sluggish to deliver this act on the ground since the independence. In the context of Bihar, There is separate law i.e. Bihar Privileged Persons Homestead Tenancy Act 1947. According to the provisions of this act (Annexure I), a privileged person who has built his house on private land given to him by a landowner for residential purposes and has been living on that land continuously for one year has a permanent right over his homestead land. The Act defines a homestead as any land which is held by a privileged person for residential purposes. The respective household should belong to be SC/ST/OBC category. For nearly a decade, there are networks such as Deshkal Society Gram Nirman Kendra, and Lok Shakti Sikshan Kendra that have worked towards the community mobilization program aimed at facilitating entitlement. Their work has been based in Gaya, the district with the highest proportion of SCs and lowest rates of homestead land entitlement in Bihar. Their initiatives center on the formation of community-based organizations (CBOs) which assist households in obtaining entitlement while acting as pressure groups advocating higher quality land rights governance. This article illustrates understanding the process and struggles of Scheduled Castes people of the Gaya district of Bihar to get homestead land entitlements from the concerned administration with the support of a network of Civil Society.

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Fermentation technology plays a very important role for production of microbial enzymes, antibiotics, single cell proteins, various food products. Use of Microbes as bioreactors for the developmet of the industrially important enzymes from microbial origin include Lipases, Amylases, Proteases, Cellulase and Pectinases. The current work involved for the production pectinase and cellulase enzyme using decaying fruit and vegetable waste. The organisms were isolated from the waste and were cultured onto SDA agar Plate as the isolation is of Fungi. The organism was screened for enzymatic activity using Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose and Pectin agar medium. The result revealed a clear zone of inhibition in the agar plates. Microscopic identification and Morphology study revealed that the Fungi isolated was Aspergillus niger. Aspergillus niger produced significant quantities of enzyme when grown in production medium under submerged condition and incubating for 10 days. The isolate showing maximum activity was identified and subjected to growth parameters optimization in attempt to increase the enzyme production ability of the isolate in larger scale. The activity of pectinase and cellulase production by fungus at various optimum conditions of pH 7 temperature 37℃ were assessed. The enzymes was determined by titrartion method and used for Quantitative estimation of protein was done using Lowry's method at 660nm to know the concentration of protein and antioxidant test were done. Thus the enzyme was used for fruit juice extraction production. The amount of juice extracted in the control samples was less compared to the samples extracted using Pectinase and Cellulase enzyme. Concluded that Aspergillus niger from fruit and vegetable waste has ability to produce pectinase and cellulase and it is highly beneficial, it may consider as a source for production of industrial enzyme.

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Robust capabilities to deal with obstacle and the way the payload are distributed to all 6 wheels are the distinguish features of rocker bogie suspension system designed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The system is good at dealing with obstacle but, the short come noted in the rocker bogie is its speed of its operation. This inadequacy in travel speed restricts the system to be used where the high speed operation on hard flat surfaces because it causes stability problems are required. In the current investigation it is intended to improve the stability of the system by expanding support polygon, making it more adaptable and stable while moving at higher speeds, but maintaining its robustness against obstacles. Initially the system was designed to be used in lower speeds, since it has capability to overcome obstacles of greater size compared to its wheel radius. When the system is operating at lower speeds greater than 173 mm/s the shocks on the system are minimum. But, in future mission’s rovers will have to work at human speeds, as the shocks from the obstacle may reduce the payload capacity of the rover. In the current design it is planned to develop an effective driving system to work more effectively in overcoming obstacle of greater size. Change in control strategy may improve the same without any change in the mechanical linkages in the system. But some of the mechanical changes are made to achieve greater advantages and also to improve the working speed of the vehicle.

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There are lots of content available on the movie recommendation systems. Movie recommendation systems plays an important role in finding the content of user's choice. Various recommender systems are used which provides useful recommendations for product and services. Movie recommendation systems are machine learning based approach which use information filtering to foretell the preferences and rating of users for a particular product or movies. Recommender systems are bitterly known as recommendation systems. Basically, there are four type of recommendation systems: Simple recommendation System, Collaborative Filtering, Content based and hybrid approach.

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The chemical functionalization of CNTs is s well known approach to control and engineer the interface and has been a subject of several research groups. It has been shown that unless the interface between nanotube and polymer is carefully engineered, poor load transfer between nanotubes, when in bundles, and between nanotubes and surrounding polymer chains may result in interfacial slippage in the process of preparing CNT-Polymer composites. In the present work we have functionalized MWCNT with –OH, –COOH and –S0-O functional groups and then composites of above functionalized MWCNT were prepared with PMMA polymer. SEM imaging of functionalized MWCNT were done to see the structural changes before preparing composites. Conductivity measurements have been done on these composite specimens and results are analyzed to conclude the effect of functionalization of MWCNT. It is concluded that well dispersed CNT fillers result to lower percolation and higher conductivity is not substantiated for the COOH functionalized filler MWCNTs. The COOH-MWCNTs are best dispersed among the three functionalizations studied in this work but of lowest conductivity and largest percolation threshold. A perfect dispersion state of CNTs leads to individual CNTs separated in the matrix, and therefore, a higher percolation threshold. Higher dispersion alone does not translate to higher conductivity.

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The effects of agriculture on the ecosystem and climate change in Bhutan are examined in this case study. The use of fertilisers and the production of animals in agriculture are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the nation. Bhutan is however also susceptible to the effects of climate change, such as altered precipitation patterns and increased risk of natural disasters, due to its mountainous terrain and small amount of arable land. The study examines Bhutan's sustainable agricultural policies and practises, including the promotion of organic farming, agroforestry, and the preservation of traditional crop varieties, that have been put in place to lessen these effects and adjust to changing climatic conditions. The study comes to the conclusion that although agriculture is a major source of emissions in Bhutan, he nation's initiatives to encourage sustainable behaviours appear to have the potential to lessen its negative environmental and climate change impacts.

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The main component of plastics is polymers, which come in a variety of synthetic and semi-synthetic forms. Plastics can be molded, extruded, or pressed into solid objects with varied shapes because of their property called plasticity. Plastics are everywhere we look, including our daily lives like furniture, electronics, clothing, food packaging, toys etc. From decades the plastic has spread all over manufacturing field replacing natural material like wood, paper, glass, and metal. This pervasive use of plastic had expedited to extreme pollution in the environment. In the present study the waste plastic is used for making traffic control devices. The waste plastic is collected from various sources, shredding is done to fine particles. By preparing moulds of required size the waste plastic is poured into the mould and traffic control devices are prepared as per IRC guideline. Testing and decoration is done.

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The objective of the project was to create a gesture-controlled bluetooth speaker that responds to user inputs to control music playback on a bluetooth device. Supported playback commands include pausing and resuming of music, changing of volume, skipping forward a song, and returning to the previous song. The speaker uses an LED strip which outputs different patterns, colors and intensities of light to display the type of gesture that the speaker recognizes. The music industry has been completely transformed by Bluetooth technology. For music enthusiasts, Bluetooth has made life simple with speakers and headphones. Their compact size portability and long battery life have made them a center of attraction. Well, we hereby take Bluetooth speakers to the next level by integrating touchless operation. The Bluetooth speaker allows users to change music by just swiping their hands over the Bluetooth speaker. Also, the speaker allows users to adjust the volume by just raising and lowering their hand over the speaker. The user can thus operate the complete speaker operation without even having to touch his/her phone or the speaker.

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