This study is an attempt to stabilize the heavy metals present in the municipal solid waste. A hydrothermal processing system was setup with a mixture of ferric sulphate. Experimental results showed the reduction in the heavy metals concentration in the municipal solid waste ash after the treatment with iron oxides. Initial values of Cg, Cu, Pb, Cr, Hg was 0.001 mg/L , 4.322 mg/L , 0.578 mg/L , 0.769 mg/L and 0.001mg/l respectively . After the treatment with iron oxides the concentration of all heavy metals were reduced to less than 0.0001mg/L.

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Cryptography is a process of storing and transmitting data in a form that is intended for read and process. It is a technique of protecting information by encrypting it into an unreadable form. In this paper, we consider a new type of cryptography technique which can decode a concealed images without any cryptographic computation. This scheme is perfectly secure and very easy to implement. Visual cryptography is an emerging cryptography technology that uses the characteristics of human vision to decrypt the encrypted images. It does not need cryptography knowledge and complex computation. From security point of view it also ensures that hackers cannot perceive any clues about a secret image from individual cover images.

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Now a day’s growing partially-pattern data in the applications, XML has become very important. Providing security to XML data is made difficult, due to XML documents may possibly hold confidential data that cannot survive by all clients. so, protecting XML records is becoming vital. Several frameworks have been presented for securing XML based-applications. These applications are used to protect data in a website. But this paper present XML and Web service security foremost benchmarks. Each benchmark represents securing XML based documents, particularly this paper presents XML blind signature as a feature with digital signature. And also describes the relations with these benchmarks with support of existing technologies.

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Tungsten Inert Gas welding is one of the most widely used techniques for joining ferrous and non-ferrous metal. In which the arc is generated between a nonconsumable tungsten electrode and work-piece, and the molten metal is protected from the atmosphere by using the shielding of inert gas argon. In this study, SS304 sheet material having 3 mm thickness were welded using TIG welding. The welding process parameter namely welding current, welding voltage Gas flow rate considered for weld quality. The Full Factorial Design advocated the use of experiment.

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Mobile environment capable of accessing Web services over wireless networks is interesting work because of diverse issues mentioned and limited resources of mobile phones. In this paper, we focus on issue how to perform dynamically invoking of web services using J2ME middleware platform for mobile devices, service requestors are mobile phones and by them introducing dynamic proxy between internet service providers and mobile requestors. We provide features to access web services dynamically. Firstly, support of dynamic binding and support of UDDI description and registry. Furthermore, support of SOAP messages with encoded representing with format .It includes the specification of the dynamic proxy, framework of web services roles and theoretical results with performance of processing request from mobile devices.

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Association Rule Mining(ARM) has been the area of interest for many researchers for a long time and continues to be the same. It is one of the important tasks of data mining. It aims at discovering relationships among various items in the database. There are several algorithms of which Apriori is the classical and most famous algorithm. In this paper, author considers two different datasets and tries to obtain the result using Weka a data mining tool. The author also presents a comparison between three association rule algorithms: Apriori Association Rule, PredictiveApriori Association Rule and Tertius Association Rule through experiments and presents the result. A proposal for increasing the efficiency of Apriori Algorithm is also presented.

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Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is used for transferring data from an electronic tag by using radio waves. The electronic tag, called RFID tag or label, is attached to an object, through a reader to identify and track the object. RFID technology has been widely deployed by various organizations as a part of their automation systems. In this project, an RFID based system has been built in order to produce an attendance management system. This automated attendance management system will make the entire process simple and will also provide a well-structured report of the pattern of student’s attendance and time management. These reports can further help in allocating and using the human resources of the college organization accordingly. This system consists of two parts which include: the hardware and the software. The hardware consists of a motor unit and RFID reader. The RFID reader is a low-frequency reader (125 kHz) which is connected to the host computer via a serial to USB converter cable. The Time-Attendance System GUI is developed using Visual Basic.Net using C# language. The Attendance Management System provides the functionalities such as displaying live ID tags transactions, registering ID, deleting ID, recording attendance and other minor functions. This interface is installed in the host computer.

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Phishing is the action of attempting to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords and credit card details by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. In other words Phishing is an e-mail fraud method in which the perpetrator sends out legitimate-looking email in an attempt together personal and financial information from recipients. Typically, the messages appear to come from well known and trustworthy Web sites. Various methods, step that are solved and avoid the email phishing. In This paper we focused on hybrid feature selection approach that based on the combination of content-based and behavior–based.

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While Traditional Software Engineering cycle consists of analysis, design, code, test, and debug, Cleanroom software engineering emphasizes the need to build quality and reliable software as it is being developed. Life cycle fallowed by these methods also differ, Cleanroom follows the incremental development while the object -oriented approach follows the iterative development of the project. In Cleanroom Software Engineering Model, Software Quality is achieved by design and verification itself, not through testing as is case in Object Oriented Software Engineering Model. This built in quality can lower the overall cost of the product, and the designs also tends to be more concise and compact than average, In this paper both these models have been Juxtaposed, Analyzed and Reviewed.

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This paper is based on our project named as Propeller clock Display. It can be called as 7 LEDs innovation. Here 7 LEDs are used which are displaying digital and analog time programmed by the microcontroller. Decoder IC is used to decode IR waves from the remote and insert the time we desire. This feature creates wireless communication between the display and the input applied. The motor used rotates at a very fast speed and this display is achieved. The basic idea is based on Propeller mechanism. Entire display is done by using 7 LEDs only which are rotated at fixed speeds by DC motor. This kind of display can be useful anywhere where size, speed and cost matters.

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Parking is a major problem in densely populated and market areas. Usually a ground or basement parking system will be provided in these areas which will be fully occupied in prime hours of the day. The major cause of this is incorrect parking of cars or vehicles by the people which will at least reduce 1-2 vehicle parking spaces for every 10-20 places. Our system facilitates parking of cars and similar vehicles in a multistoried automated system which will accommodate more cars or vehicles in less space and also provide security to the vehicle as it can only be accessed by the user and also automate the parking process so the user’s need not worry about incorrect parking and can avoid penalties. Some main features of the system are as detailed below.

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Here, a graphical password system with a supportive sound signature to increase the remembrance of the password is discussed. In proposed work a click-based graphical password scheme called Cued Click Points (CCP) is presented. In this system a password consists of sequence of some images in which user can select one click-point per image. In addition user is asked to select a sound signature corresponding to click point this sound signature will be used to help the user to login. System showed very good Performance in terms of speed, accuracy, and ease of use. Users preferred CCP to Pass Points, saying that selecting and remembering only one point per image was easier and sound signature helps considerably in recalling the click points.

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Designed for one-day cricket, this paper considers the use of the Duckworth-Lewis method as an approach to resetting targets in interrupted cricket matches. The Duckworth-Lewis table is reviewed and an alternative resource table is presented. A desideratum of a resource table is monotonicity in both the rows and columns corresponding to wickets and overs respectively. Consequently, a Gibbs sampling scheme related to isotonic regression is applied to the observed scoring rates to provide a nonparametric resource table. A discussion is provided concerning the use of the Duckworth-Lewis method applied to International Cricket matches. It is designed so that neither team benefits or suffers from the shortening of the game and so is totally fair to both. It is easy to apply, requiring nothing more than a single table of numbers and a pocket calculator, and is capable of dealing with any number of interruptions at any stage of either or both innings. The method is based on a simple model involving a two-factor relationship giving the number of runs which can be scored on average in the remainder of an innings as a function of the number of overs is remaining and the number of wickets fallen. It is shown how the relationship enables the target score in an interrupted match to be recalculated to reflect the relative run scoring resources available to the two teams, that is overs and wickets in combination.

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This paper describes the power flow analysis of power system network using Power World Simulator. For power flow analysis this paper considered the 220 KV Navsari Sub-Station grid network with a view of estimating the real and reactive power flows, power losses in the entire network and phase angle using Power World Simulator. The simulation result of 220 KV Navsari Sub-Station grid network is done using Newton Raphson Method.

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The Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a custom power electronic device to compensate the problems of voltage sags and voltage swells in the distribution lines. The main function is to inject the voltage difference (which can be determined as difference between the pre-sag and sag voltage) to the power line and helps to maintain the pre-sag voltage condition in the load side. Different type of control ideas are implemented depending on the techniques for compensation purpose. A new control scheme for the single phase voltage sags based on in-phase compensation technique. In this scheme, the Dynamic voltage restorer tracks the phase angle of the supply voltage and produces a reference voltage signal with the rated load voltage magnitude. If there is any phase jump generated at the supply voltage, then phase angle of the reference voltage signal is adjusted slowly leads to track the phase angle of the supply voltage. Then the injected voltage which is the difference between the reference and measured voltage is injected by the DVR. The simulation was simulated out using EMTDC/PSCAD (Electromagnetic transients including DC/Power system computer aided design Professional software version 4.1.0) and their results show various levels of compensation for voltage sags.

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In this paper wideband CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed by using the concept of mutual coupling technique through a symmetric-tap inductor. In this design of LNA intrinsic capacitance within a transistor are considered as a part of circuit. The total power consumption using T-coil network wideband low noise amplifier from 1.8V power supply is 4.5mW with 0.18µm CMOS technology.

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Typography is a Text based designing process, wherein any written mode is visually adopted to convey a story. It is an application created systematically, especially for text based mediums as banners, newspaper, catalogues, invitation, rubber stamp, letter head, posters and millions of other forms. This work is concerned with the designing of Typographic Logo for Men’s Branded Casual shirt using Computer Aided Designing software. The designing task involved two important processes. The first part is concerned with the Digital Modulation, wherein a manually designed Art work is created digitally enabling all such modulation process like application of color, texture and appearance. The second stage is the Legibility, Scaling and formatting of the Typographic Logo. The study proves that the Typography is an important technique which could be designed using text formatting options in CAD applications and found suitable or textile and apparel based applications like Screen printing, Block printing, Stencil printing, Logo designs, Label designs, Product design and hundreds and thousands of several other applications.

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Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) technology, which aims at increasing system operation flexibility, appears as an attractive alternative. FACTS controllers are included in an electrical power system to overcome operational problems. Static VAR compensator (SVC) is a shunt connected static VAR generator (or absorber) whose output is designed to draw capacitive or inductive current so as to maintain normal voltage at the bus with which the SVC is connected. SVC can be incorporated to an electrical power system using WLS state estimation algorithm. In this paper various changes made in Jacobean matrix when SVC is added. Comparison with and without SVC done with IEEE 3bus and IEEE 14bus at different locations then voltage magnitude and phase angle variations at each node determined.

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Web Applications are widely known as the building blocks of typical service oriented applications. Performance of such an application system is mainly dependent upon the components of web applications. Testing web application is nothing but to find out errors in its content, function, usability, navigability, performance, capacity, and security. Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness, throughput, reliability and scalability of a system under a given workload. In recent years, various tools and techniques are developed for measurement and evaluation of quality of service of web applications. In this paper, two testing tools WAPT Pro and Apache JMeter are compared and implemented on a same website. The two tools WAPT Pro and Apache JMeter are compared in terms of their different performance metrics (parameters) results. Performance metrics results generated by these performance testing tools have been evaluated and analyzed. The same website has been tested for performance under these performance testing tools then differences in results of various performance metrics like average response time, bandwidth, error rate, throughput, memory and CPU utilization, median, standard deviation etc. are obtained.

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We cannot imagine life without artificial lights. The LED Lights is the latest trends in lighting. LED’s are state of art technology. We started using LED basically for household purposes lighting mostly used for decoration because of the poor Lumens outcome initially but with the evolution in the technology there is the large increase in the usage of LED in the field of lighting. Its batter and efficient output is also the prime dominant factor which leads LED to the zenith of the Lighting sector focusing both domestic and industries. Flood lighting is the lighting type for substation. It’s important to maintain proper illumination in the substation. The paper describes the evolution of LED in the floodlighting Scheme and its importance as compared to the conventional lighting schemes for the floodlighting used in the substation. The paper deals with a case study of flood lighting used in the Switchyard. Flood lighting of the substation which was installed with conventional lighting scheme will be replaced by the LED lighting its benefits will be showcased in the paper. Designing of the flood lights lighting scheme used in substation is displayed in the paper by using DIALux software

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Search Engine can be defined as a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites on the Internet. Search engines retrieve information using algorithms such as distance vector algorithm, crawlers, meta-tags, indexing and many such others based on the keywords or queries entered by the user. When the user queries a search engine to locate information, he/she is actually searching through the index that the search engine has created — not actually searching the Web. These indices are giant databases of information that is collected and stored and subsequently searched. This is why sometimes a search on a commercial search engine, such as Yahoo! or Google, returns results that are, in fact, dead links. Since the search results are based on the index, if the index hasn't been updated since a Web page became invalid the search engine treats the page as still an active link even though it no longer is. It will remain that way until the index is updated. The overall goal of this project is to develop a scalable, high performance search engine. The main focus is on the algorithmic challenges in compactly representing a large data-set while supporting fast searches on it. Our intention is to cluster different documents based on subjective similarities and dissimilarities. Our proposed tool ‘Mini Search Engine’ is based on the concept of data mining, page ranking algorithm and word search program. It presents results in different file formats like .pdf, .doc etc. based on the user’s query.

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DNA computing is a new computational paradigm by harnessing the potential massive parallelism, high density information of bio-molecules and low power consumption, which brings potential challenges and opportunities to traditional cryptography. In this paper, on the basis of reviewing the principle of DNA computing and the development situation of DNA computing briefly, we analyze some schemes with secret key searching and introduce the application of DNA computing in encryption, steganography and authentication.

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In this study, effect of initial cultivation temperature on antimicrobials production, planktonic cell growth and biofilm formation by a salt-tolerant estuarine actinobacterial strain Streptomyces sundarbansensis sp nov. was investigated in sucrose based medium at shaken flask level for three different temperatures (25 oC, 30 oC and 35 oC). Peak antimicrobial activity (35 mm) was found at 30oC compared to the peak values of 29.5 mm, 24 mm attained at 25 °C and 35 °C respectively. From the growth curves obtained for both plantonic and biofilm growth, µmax,B (0.043 h-1)and µmax,P (0.063 h-1) were also maximum at 30oC. Product (antimicrobials) concentration increases linearly with total cell growth that comprised of both the planktonic cell growth and the biofilm growth. Luedeking – Piret model satisfactorily described the dependence of antimicrobials productions on total cell growth. Antimicrobials production was found to be strongly growth associated.

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Increasingly, applications need to be able to self-reconfigure in response to changing requirements and environmental conditions. Autonomic computing has been proposed as a means for automating software maintenance tasks. As the complexity of adaptive and autonomic systems grows, designing and managing the set of reconfiguration rules becomes increasingly challenging and may produce inconsistencies. Autonomic computing systems adapt themselves thousands of times a second, to accomplish their goal despite changing environmental conditions and demands. The literature reports many decision mechanisms, but in most realizations a single one is applied. This paper compares some state of the art decision making approaches, applied to a self- optimizing autonomic system that allocates resources to a software application providing performance feedback at run- time, via the Application Heartbeat framework. The investigated decision mechanisms range from heuristics to control theory and machine learning: results are compared by means of case studies using standard benchmarks.

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Diabetic macular edema (DME) is an advanced warning sign of diabetic retinopathy and can direct to permanent vision loss. A person having extended term diabetes of more than 10 years is extremely precious by this disease. To recognize the disease we are using automated screening system, the green channel from the retinal color image is divided in order to decrease the noise, erosion, etc. Then the region of interest is extracted from the image. Then specific precious features are selected from the extracted features. By using ANFIS classifiers the given retinal image is recognized as infected or not infected. Finally if it is infected then it classifies the image as moderate (or) severe.

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