Since the rise of the internet one of the most important factors of information technology and communication has been the security of information. Cryptography was created as a new method or technique for securing the secrecy of communication and many different methods have been developed to encrypt and decrypt data in order to keep the message secret. But it is not enough to keep the contents of a message secret, it is also important to keep the existence of the information secret. The technique which provides this features, is called steganography. Steganography is the art and science of invisible communication. This accomplished through hiding information in other medium, thus hiding the existence of the information which is communicated. The word steganography is comes from the Greek words “stegos” meaning “cover” and “grafia” meaning “writing” defining it as “covered writing”[6]. In image hiding using steganography the information is hidden exclusively in images.

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All the receivers the first section of low noise amplifier(LNA) is presided by input filter. It is mainly required to restrict the input noise to the LNA. This filter should have very low insertion loss very good return loss and sufficient out of band attenuation for suppressing the interference. In this paper input filter design for frontend satellite navigation receiver at L-S Band has been presented. The filter design is based of chebyshev characteristics. In this paper we propose a Chebyshev Band pass filter for 1.1 GHz&2.5 GHz application using Advanced design software. The filter is operated at L band frequency range in 1.1 GHz &S band frequency range in 2.5 GHz for applications of front end receiver which is similar to Indian regional navigation satellite system(IRNSS).The proposed filter is design at a center frequency of 1.8 GHz. Simulation results show that the filter operation is optimum over the frequency range 1.1 GHz to 2.5 GHz which is best in this range.

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Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) is the discipline of overcoming organizational silos to realize a whole-team, whole-view approach to the software delivery cycle by coordinating lifecycle activities across requirements, design, project planning, change and configuration management, build, and quality management. Because of competitive pressures and the need to innovation, many organizations are faces with hastened delivery schedules. Teams are supposed to reduce the time taking in product delivery without increasing their budgets or with less quality.

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The characteristics of leachate and its probable risks on groundwater pollution were investigated following the analysis of some chemical parameters of the leachate generated in the Pirana landfill site, Ahmedabad, India. Three samples of the groundwater were collected from the different locations around the Pirana landfill site. The laboratory test results on groundwater samples show high concentration of TDS (2100 mg/lit), Total hardness (740 mg/lit), Sulphates (470 mg/lit), Calcium (196 mg/litre) and Magnesium (100 mg/lit) and have very high potential for contaminating ground and surface water. The data collected from the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation also shows high concentrations of TDS (2272 mg/litre), Total Hardness (840 mg/lit), Sulohates (470 mg/lit), Chlorides (818 mg/lit), nitrates (668 mg/lit) and Iron (8.50 mg/lit). The surface water samples around the landfill site appear to be contaminated, most probably, through the overflow of leachate. Groundwater parameters do not satisfy drinking water quality standard so it is harmful if consumpted without proper treatment. Biological treatment through Reverse Osmosis improves the quality of groundwater significantly. The water should be used for drinking and cooking but only after its purification through RO system as it removes almost 95 % of the dissolved solids.

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Environmental and ecological movements are among the important examples of the collective actions of several social groups. Protection and recognition of constitutional and democratic rights, which are not defined by law but form an important part of the day to day living of the subaltern masses like the control over their resources, the right of indigenous people to preserve their culture, protection of environment and maintenance of ecological balance are significant concerns of these movements, as they affect the human life to a great extent. In this paper a brief review on Narmada Bachao Andolan and failure of the dam project is discussed.

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Data mining is a field which is used to extract knowledge from data. Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) is a process used to discover interesting or useful patterns and relationships in data, with an emphasis on large volume of observational databases. Contrast data mining is the mining of patterns and models contrasting two or more classes or conditions. The ability to distinguish, differentiate and contrast between different data sets is a key objective in data mining. Emerging patterns are sets of items whose frequency changes significantly from one dataset to another. HGEP strategy has higher accuracy than the NEP strategy.

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A spoof is a counterfeit biometric that is used in an attempt to circumvent a biometric sensor. Differentiating a genuine biometric trait presented from a live person versus some other source is called spoof detection (anti-spoofing). The fingerprint liveness detection refers to the inspection of the finger characteristics to ensure whether the input finger is live or artificial. There are two major approaches for liveness detection, which are reported in literature are using the additional hardware and software based techniques. In this paper, various fingerprint liveness detection methods, which are categorized as voluntary and involuntary, are explored. The main objective of this paper is to propose a method to spoof a fingerprint sensor using a mold made by a material i.e. fevicol.

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The application of pulse shaping techniques to Wireless communication is an area that has achieved a great improvement in performance of wireless communication [1, 9]. Pulse shaping filters are used at the heart of many modern data transmission systems (e.g. mobile phones, HDTV) to keep a signal in the given bandwidth, maximize its data transmission rate, and to minimize transmission errors. Different pulse shaping filters form a well-established solution to this problem for wireless communication system. This paper deals with the comparative performance analysis of different pulse shaping filters for WCDMA system using AWGN channel. A simple WCDMA based communication link has been developed using SIMULINK tool of MATLAB R2013a and its performance in terms of BER is compared for different filters at same group delay (D).

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In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), localization techniques plays a major role in identifying the location of any object. The exact co-ordinates should be traced, which will be helpful in identifying the location of an object. In this we have few nodes with the known co-ordinate values and with the help of them we are able to find the location of unknown sources. Also considering Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) for the same. Localization algorithms are mainly subdivided into two major categories, namely Range Free and Range Based. The paper gives the classification of algorithm techniques and explore two main algorithms that is Time of Arrival (TOA) for Line of sight(LOS) and Non Line of Sight(NLOS) environments and also Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) for the same.

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The bus driver scheduling is an important part of every transportation system. This research study consists the solution of bus driver scheduling problem at A.M.T.S. bus depot, in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat. There are many problems coming during preparation of bus driver scheduling. In the every transportation system there is number of regulations related to the crew scheduling; like maximum work hour, least layover time, trip duration, peak hour factor, idle time, break period, etc. Thus this study considers the independence constrain for development of mathematical model of such scheduling problem. This independence constrain is basis of declaration to meet the work intensity of driver, the time shift of trip & effects of peak and off-peak hours on trip duration. Main objective of this mathematical model is to minimize the total idle time, for which the algorithm is prepared to generate the initial solution based on the ordered sequence. The result showed that the proposed mathematical model for bus driver scheduling in this paper can give the effective solution of bus driver scheduling by effective utilization of crew scheduling which leads to minimize the total idle time and hence efficient utilization of all resources available to A.M.T.S. depot, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

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Human face is the identity signature that helps to identify and segregate human beings. This identity signature is dependent on number of parameters ranging from skin color, to geometry of features an contours on human face .Thus face recognition is one challenging field in biometric science .Human brain can recognize these faces despite large changes in the visual stimulus, be it the change in hairstyle, expression, aging, and distractions such as glasses or a new style of beard or many such feature change. Different approaches use the specific databases which consist of single type, format and composition of image. Face detection finds whether there is a face in the given image or not, and where it is, while face recognition finds the identity of a detected face in the image. The face detection algorithm works by locating eyes in the image and the face recognition algorithm uses Principal Analysis to calculate eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the face images. The Viola &Jones face detection algorithm is a popular, learning-based technique that is used in present-day cameras and devices. Face recognition has many issues to deal with, like the type, format and composition of the face images used for recognition. The present paper carries a performance accuracy of PCA based face recognition on different face datasets, which have large variation in lighting condition ,pose variation, age variation and face size.

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Jet ejectors are the simplest devices among all compressors and vacuum pumps. They do not contain any moving parts, lubricants or seals; therefore, they are highly reliable devices with low capital and maintenance costs and also energy saving device. Furthermore, most jet ejectors use steam or compressed air as the motive fluid, which are easily found in chemical plants. Due to their simplicity and high reliability, they are widely used in chemical industrial processes; however, jet ejectors have a low efficiency. In this paper available standard manufacturer design and experiment data of jet ejector system is used and mathematical model for jet ejector design is solved with solution algorithm. The outcomes of this mathematical model is in the form of discharge pressure of diffuser, throat dia. of nozzle , exit dia. of nozzle and throat dia. of diffuser and this is compared with available design and experiment data. So we can check reliability of this mathematical model for jet ejector design.

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It has long been a concrete technologist’s dream to discover method of making concrete at the lowest possible water/cement ratio while maintaining a high workability. To a considerable extent this dream has been fulfilled with the advent of super plasticizers. Have indeed added a new dimension to the application of admixtures with regards to production of high strength and flowing concretes. It is now possible to produce concrete with compressive strength of the order of 90Mpa (90 N/mm2). In the wake of energy conservation policy and diminishing supplies of high quality raw materials, there is a need to use marginal quality cements and aggregates for the production of concrete. In such instances the use of plasticizers/super plasticizers permits the production of concrete at low water/ cement ratios. Thus many waste materials of today become the useful by products of tomorrow. It is the particular role of plasticizers/super plasticizers, which is very importance for us here in Pakistan, because of our poor economy and less developed industrial base. Besides, the addition of plasticizers/super plasticizers to produces concrete with less cement but normal strength and workability is another application, which has received more attention. In this research programme one types of super plasticizer (Perma Plast) of polymer has been used. The water cement ratio was maintained as 0.40 &0.45 for OPC & PPC respectively. to study the effect of these PP on various properties of concrete. The dosage of plasticizers/super plasticizers was measured as 1.5% for perma plast for OPC & 1.3% for PPC by the weight of cement.

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Due to the ever increasing crime rate in society, security has become a prime concern for organizations as well as for an individual.Organizations can afford sophisticated security systemwhich common man cannot afford. This paper mainly focuses on providing economical personalised security system.It is a convenient system for a user eliminating management of multiple keys or passwords for manifold applications.The proposed system utilizes time saving biometric fingerprint scanning technique for authentication.

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In recent years, as a new distributed computing model, cloud computing has developed rapidly and become the focus of academia and industry. But now security issue of cloud computing is a main critical problem of most enterprise customer faced. Machine learning-based intrusion detection approaches have attracted increasing attention in the network intrusion detection research area because of their intrinsic capabilities in discovering novel attacks. In this paper we propose a new approach to detect network attacks, which aims to study the efficiency of the method based on machine learning in intrusion detection in artificial neural networks. The experimental results obtained by applying this approach to the KDD CUP'99 data set demonstrate that the proposed approach performs high performance.The experimental results shows that this model improves the ability of intrusion detection and can support for the security of current cloud computing.

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The project aims at using cryptographic service framework mainly the OCF(OpenBSD cryptographic framework) for the Linux kernel to make efficient use of crypto hardware and Software. As we know that cryptographic mechanisms are an important security component of any operating system in securing the system itself and its communication paths. So I will introspect this in detail by carefully studying OCF and Cryptographic API which is a main part of Linux Kernel and has been initiated to deliver cryptographic functionality to the whole Kernel. Next, we will see the hardware support and the Cryptographic API, that provides an inside kernel API to cryptographic resources and a device interface for user-level access to hardware-accelerated cryptographic operations. Thus by knowing the architecture of cryptographic API a device driver can be implemented. The study involves the great understanding of Linux kernel its various APIs, services, system calls, device management and finally writing the block and character device driver. Finally, we consider load balancing between multiple crypto hardware and software implemented algorithms and a priority mechanism for selecting which implementations to use first i.e. in a efficient manner for this we will make us of OCF-Linux which is a port of OpenBSD’s Cryptographic Framework (OCF) to Linux.

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Fiber Laser Cutting is non-conventional machining process in which laser is generated and highly intense laser impinge onto the surface of the material to cut. Fiber laser cutting is newly developed process which is modified from simple laser cutting. Due to using fiber optics there is less power loss as compared to the laser cutting. Nitrogen and oxygen gases are used as the assist gas. This paper enlightens on analysis of operating power, focal point and cutting speed on the performance parameters such as surface roughness, kerf width and bending force while using oxygen as the assist gas.

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While most of the requests nowadays furnish a little form of privacy controls to protect a user’s public content from supplementary users, these controls are not sufficiently expressive to furnish fine grained protection. In this paper, we furnish tweeting confidentially in the twitter and additionally furnish thoughts to apply video shouting in twitter inside a particular group. To accomplish this we familiarize Twitsper, to prop fine-grained manipulation above who sees a user’s messages. Twitsper provides privacy controls to the users of Twitter nowadays lacking relying on Twitter to make changes. This is because it is a wrapper concerning Twitter that enables confidential cluster contact as maintaining Twitter’s business interests. It preserves privacy both from the Twitsper server as well as from undesired Twitsper users.

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The load losses in the transformer consist of I2R & stray losses. In large rating transformer, the stray losses constitute about 20-25% of the total load losses. Designers adopt various cost-effective measures to minimize the losses and make the transformer more efficient. This Stray Losses we can reduce by using Edge-wise Magnetic Shielding. These losses could be controlled by means of Edge-wise Magnetic shielding judiciously placed so as to canalize the leakage flux. By Experimental study with the help of Transformer manufacturing industry we can make 50KVA, 200/16v, 144.33/1804.22 ampere Proto Type Three Phase Transformer in which 18.43% Stray Losses reduce by using Edge-wise Magnetic shielding by Trial and Error Method .We can Compare calculation for with and without Edge-wise Magnetic shielding which specify that how much stray losses reduced by using Edge-wise Magnetic Shielding. We can also compare real data sheet and tested data sheet of three phase transformer for stray losses for without Edge-wise Magnetic shielding.

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In present study, response surface methodology has been applied to determine the optimum cutting conditions leading to minimum surface roughness as well as minimum machining time and maximum material removal rate in CNC turning operations of 2205 duplex stainless steel with carbide cutting tool. 27 experiments were conducted based on L27 orthogonal array of Taguchi’s Technique for 3 level of input parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and Nose radius. The adequacy of the models on surface roughness, machining time and material removal rate have been established with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). An attempt has also been made to optimize prediction model using particle swarm optimization to find the optimum cutting parameters.

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This paper presents the simulation results of a grid-connected wind driven doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) . The modeling of the machine considers operating conditions below and above synchronous speed, which are actually achieved by means of a double-sided PWM converter joining the machine rotor to the grid. In order to decouple the active and reactive powers generated by the machine, stator-flux-oriented vector control is applied. The wind generator mathematical model developed in this paper is used to show how such a control strategy offers the independent control of active power and reactive power.

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The goal of the thesis is to design streaming media from flash by writing driver in user space and loaded in kernel space. The main objective is to make low power consumption mechanism useful for media streaming. In Present mechanism , a media is streaming from hard-disk in that the movement of mechanical part is continue so that’s why more power consumption occurs, so instead of present mechanism the concurrent mechanism will implement in that the media is streaming from flash so that’s why the mechanical part’s movement is reduce and power Saving occurs which ultimately results in power optimization. The project involves writing a character driver in blocking and non-blocking mode using Ioctl system call so that instead of using address space of secondary storage devices like hard disk, the new mechanism will use the address space of ram, which results in fast data caching so without any delay the media will be play which finally saves lot of time as well as power. The process overall includes creating multithreads, making open system call in blocking or non-blocking mode which utilizes user daemon services to call, wait(blocking or non-blocking mode) and acknowledge the process.

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The Conceptual Model of Multi-password System as new embedded security approach is presented in order to enhance the security of the ATM (Automated Teller Machine).The proposed system is built on open-source Linux Environment. With same User ID or User account, we can set different password each with different profile. In case of civil crimes like kidnapping, we can set secure user account by limiting amount to be withdrawn while recording such unauthorised activity by activating the webcam and stored at bank server or local machine and sending alert messages to nearest police station for second password and for third password we can set profile to enabling locking mechanisms like card lock, ATM door lock etc. and sending alert messages to bank and nearest police station. To achieve desired levels of ATM system security, The conceptual model of Multi-Password System is presented as “New Embedded Security Software Approach”.

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The increased use of technology in the healthcare sector has opened up the gates of many new invention to improve the current state of art of the healthcare sector. In this paper, the main focus is on development of a composite agent which can aggregate the medical data in proper format and can act as a communication interface for medical devices intended for capturing medical data. Moreover, a communication protocol is proposed to send the aggregated data from the composite agent to the receiver at the hospital side. This software component has been implemented using latest technologies such as ASN.1 and Android OS. IEEE 11073 standard has been used as the underlying component to provide standardization to our composite agent and make it widely accepted.

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The main aim of the paper is to automatically discover content-consistent seamless video shots and compose into a virtual long-take video with spatial and temporal consistency while aims to provide a tree structure collection with temporal smoothing for ease of video browsing. The server can support a massive number of online clients without additional costs and ready to provide software features. A user will have their own login and password and can store large number of videos. A given video i s divided into different frames, an human related frames are captured and grouped into one group of frame and objects related frame are grouped into another group of frames. If user need human related video then by using VIOLA-JONES algorithm a person image is used as an reference image and can retrieve an related person video. An object based frames such as car, table, chair etc... are detected and given as video using SIFT (Scale Invariant Features Transform) technique. Finally object & sequence matching process are replaced by using SURF algorithm (Speeded up Robust Features) for improving matching accuracy.

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