Digital signage is an emerging new technology. It is expected to play an important role in today’s dynamic world as digital signage displays timely information, the main focus of this paper is the design, the implementation, and evaluation of a digital signage system based on a LCD/LED to display web contents on digital displays located at one or more location. The system will display information based upon playlist that can be dynamically updated. On the basis of our evaluation, it is real world. Interface as embedded touch screen, moment, and image capture Device.

Read More...

The experiment have been carried out to evaluate performance and emission characteristics of single cylinder four stroke diesel engine fueled with 10%, 15% and 20% tyre pyrolysis oil which is made from tyre waste through pyrolysis process. Result showed that the brake thermal efficiency of engine fueled with pyrolysis oil-Diesel blend decrease with increase of pyrolysis oil concentration in Diesel fuel. In Pyrolysis oil-Diesel blend, HC,CO NOx emission found higher with increase in load compared to Diesel fuel.DBM (Dibutyl maleate was added as an oxygenated additives to the tyre pyrolysis oil-Diesel blend in the concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%. The best results were found in 5% DBM added blend. It is concluded that it is possible to use tyre pyrolysis oil in diesel engine as an alternative fuel without any engine modification.

Read More...

In the last decades our world is been marked by questioning of Sustainability, Resource scarcity. To guarantee the safety of future generations, governments and industries share the common goal of environment preservation and rational energy expenditure. Heat exchangers perform an important role in heating, cooling and heat recovery. This project deals with design, and analysis of a Shell and Tube type condenser. But the main limitation of current exchangers is the poor heat transfer behaviour of common operating fluids, such as oil, glycols or water. To improve fluid heat transfer, the recent advent of nano fluids having high heat transfer nanoparticle suspensions in base fluids, has taken place. These have displayed substantial heat transfer performances. For the convective heat transfer study of a nano fluid, Alumina powder suspended in water with different volumetric concentration of nanoparticle is used. After extensive literature review, Kern approach for thermal design and TEMA design code is used for mechanical design and validated based on experimental data to find the effect of nanofluid in heat exchanger. The acquired results for the nanofluid are then compared to the matching data for base-water and to common theoretical correlations.

Read More...

Ships square measure accustomed import and export serious cargos from countries overseas. So, Ship building is one in every of the most important criteria. Completion of the ship in time is vital for trade. Correct offer of raw materials for Ship building is a necessary criterion here. By mistreatment the NeuralNetwork algorithmicrule, weareableto get approximate quantity of raw materials needed.

Read More...

Cloud computing is a computing concept which is currently becoming popular over the Internet .It is invariably a storage paradigm which provides dynamically scalable and virtualized resources for hosting data and information on the net. The term cloud is actually a metaphor which depicts the underlying storage concept which shrinks and expands like a cloud containing rain water. Currently everything is hosted on the internet for a fixed price for storage. Website hosting servers have to be paid a fixed sum of money for hosting information and files. In turn they provide a fixed storage which can only be used . If additional storage is needed then price relative to the amount of storage needed has to be paid in addition to waiting time till the server allocates the resources. This price has to be paid initially and even if it is not fully utilized yet the money has to be paid.Cloud computing brings in the concept of ‘pay as you use’. The present aim of Cloud computing is to provide virtually infinite workspace and storage for any client that has registered with a cloud computing server. This concept is presently adopted by the Hosting servers which provide this facility as a service. This article aims at illustrating the concept of cloud computing and also explains about the pros and cons of cloud computing technology.

Read More...

To ensure the actual presence of a real rightful trait in difference to a fake self-manufactured synthetic or reconstructed sample is a significant trouble in biometric verification, which requires the development of new and efficient protection measures. Background to fingerprint recognition describes the biometric use of fingerprints scanning is also done by biometric technologies. The objective of proposed system is to enhance the security of biometric recognition frameworks, by adding liveness assessment in a fast, user friendly and non-intrusive manner, through the use of image quality assessment. The experimental results, obtained on publically available data sets of fingerprints, iris, and 2D face. Collection Variables:Physical variations during biometric collection that may change the capacity. Translation or scaling or rotation usually compensated in software. Can the device detect that the subject is live?Fake face recognition with a photograph? Or a rubber print image (fingerprint)? Or a glass eye (iris encoding)?

Read More...

Now a day’s different materials are used to coat on parts of vehicles which have friction between them to reduce wear characteristic. The wear resistance after Nitriding Process applicable to the Chain-Sprocket assembly is investigated in this study. Among Nitriding methods, plasma Nitriding is most widely applied in the automotive industries, because it is been applied at low temperature and so that the original properties of sprocket will not be harmed. Wear Resistance of Plasma nitrided chain-sprocket assembly is very high as compared to ordinary assembly. The friction due to meshing between chain and sprocket is of major concern and some of the power of engine gets wasted as friction loss. Plasma Nitriding will give high wear resistance so that, wear will decrease and eventually life of chain and sprocket will increase compared to ordinary one. Friction loss will decrease which can improve transmission efficiency of motorcycle.

Read More...

Vector control of an induction motor has permitted fast transient response by decoupling torque and flux. The PI controller has been widely used due to simple control and easy implementation, Matlab model of Induction motor drives is constructed. This paper presents a fuzzy controller of a direct field oriented induction motor drive for high performance. A superiority of the proposed fuzzy controller over conventional PI controller in handling nonlinear induction motor has been effectively demonstrated by comparing speed controller with PI controller under varying operating conditions like step change in speed reference and torque reference. The results validate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy logic controller for high performance of induction motor drive system.

Read More...

A review on various CMOS voltage level shifters is presented in this paper. A voltage level-shifter shifts the level of input voltage to desired output voltage. Voltage Level Shifter circuits are compared with respect to output voltage level, power consumption and delay. Systems often require voltage level translation devices to allow interfacing between integrated circuit devices built from different voltage technologies. The choice of the proper voltage level translation device depends on many factors and will affect the performance and efficiency of the circuit application.

Read More...

In an environment where multiple masters and multiples slaves are used only one master can access the bus at a time for transaction over bus. Due to this, a mechanism is required which allows a single master to access the bus. This is accomplished by an electronic devise named as 'Arbiter’. Arbiter allocates access to shared resources. Based on priory different arbitrations schemes are required like Fair scheme, Round Robin scheme, Priority Based scheme, First Come First Serve scheme etc. Here a complete ASIC flow of First Come First Serve Arbiter is explained. Designing is done using Verilog, verification is performed using SystemVerilog and physical designing is shown. For complete process Synopsys tools are used.

Read More...

Green computing or green IT , refers to Environmental sustainable computing or IT. The study and practice of designing , manufacturing disposable computers, servers and associated sub – systems such as monitor, printers, storage devices and networking and communication systems efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment. Green computing is the environmentally responsible use of computers and related resources. Such practices include implementation of energy- efficient central processing unit, servers, peripherals as well as reduced resource consumption and proper disposal of electronic waste. One of the earliest initiatives towards green computing in the United States was the voluntary labeling program known as Energy Star. It is conceived by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1992 to promote energy efficiency in hardware of all kinds. The Energy Star label became a common sight especially in laptops and displays. Today’s PCs are so powerful that the vast majority of applications only use a small fraction of the computer’s capacity, it can be simultaneously shared by multiple users. Consumers 90% less energy per user PCs typically consume between 110 to 200 watt light bulb. A class room, computer lab, office with PC’s warms up very quickly. PC-filled work areas always have to be air conditioned. Air conditioners raise electricity cost & require large capital expenditures to buy, install and maintain them. Electronic waste is a large & growing problem throughout the world. On a broader scale, the Kyoto Protocol and The Climate Savers Computing Initiative (CSCI)-Global efforts to save the environment which require Active participation of governments, organizers and manufactures. The computers and peripherals draw significant amount of energy in sleep and standby modes. They contribute to harmful CO2 emissions. These days everyone seems to talk about global warming and ways to protect the environment. Unconsciously, all of us are contributing to unwanted CO2 emissions from house through careless use of our electrical devices. According to reports from the German Federal Environment Office, devices consume around 17 billion kilowatts hour (kWh) in a year when They are in standby mode. DVD players, DVD Recorders or even multifunctional printers continue to draw electricity because of the absence remote of an ‘OFF’ button. If you press the ‘Power Off’ on the remote, these devices go into standby mode. Windows Vista never shuts down or powers off the PC completely. The default shutdown mode is a deep sleep mode that requires power. Its only when you switch off the main switch at the back of the computer that power supply unit stops drawing power.

Read More...

Here we considers the development of a brain driven car,which would be of great help to the physically disabled people.The car integrates signals from a variety of sensors like video, weather monitor,anti –collision etc. it also has an automatic navigation system in case of emergency. The car works on the a synchronous mechanism of artificial intelligence.

Read More...

The flexibility of Wireless Mesh Network (WMNarchitecture has made it easier for the delivery of videostreams over such networks. However, delivering video streams over WMNs increases workload on the mesh nodes, increasesbandwidth usage due to dedicated streams and limits scalability. These challenges are overcome by using WMNs withDynamic Stream Merging Capability (DSM) [1]. DSM is acommunication sharing technique that can merge redundant streams at upstream nodes before flowing to downstream nodesin the multicast streaming tree. In spite of these benefits,there is a growing need to use a distributed session handoff scheme to support seamless video streaming for fast moving clients, which not many research works are concentratingon. Thus in this paper, we propose a light weight, fast anddistributed scheme that uses a novel session rate prediction technique and a novel Dynamic Relationship Tree (DRT). The proposed session handoff scheme promotes workload sharingand supports mobile clients moving at speeds as high as 250 miles per hour. Based on extensive simulations performed in NS2 we found that the proposed scheme can provide robust and seamless inter and intra-domain session handoff producing less latency and overhead compared to existing schemes.

Read More...

Select the right master, while dealing with number of master trying to sense a single data bus. The effectiveness of a system to resolve this priority resides in its ability to logical assignment of the chance to transmit data width of the data. The purpose of this paper is to propose the scheme to implement reconfigurable architecture. This scheme involves typical Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) features like “Single clock edge operation”, “non-tristate implementation”, “burst transfer”, etc. In this paper, Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB) is used to reconfigure the arbiter. In this arbiter there are some register which are reconfigured with the help of APB bus. Also there are three arbitration scheme are used for arbitration. Round robin, First Come First serve (FCFS), highest priority schemes are used. The design architecture is written using the verilog hardware description language using the Xilinx ISE tools.

Read More...

The use of four wheeler, two wheeler vehicles etc. is increasing day by day. As a result amount of waste tyres also increasing. Waste tyres in India are categorized as solid or hazardous waste. It is estimated that about 60 per cent of waste tyres are disposed via unknown routes in the urban as well as rural areas. This leads to various environmental problems which include air pollution associated with open burning of tyres (particulates, odor, visual impacts, and other harmful contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, dioxin, furans and oxides of nitrogen) and aesthetic pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize the wastes effectively with technical development in each field. One of the technical and easy way is using SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) in crumb rubber modified asphalt. The incorporation of SBS into crumb rubber modified asphalt is investigated to enhance binder properties and storage stability. SBS is used in crumb rubber modified asphalt to gain the high properties of road.

Read More...

The main concern in any communication system is the reliable transmission of signals of information from a transmitter to a receiver. The signals are transmitted via a channel which corrupts the signal. It is necessary that the distorting effects of channel and noise are minimized and that the information sent through the channel in any given time is maximized. Channel coding techniques are employed to do this. In this paper we discuss the different decoders used to decode the channel encoded data.VLSI implementation complexity of a low density parity check (LDPC) decoder is heavily affected by the inter-connect and the storage requirements.. Several structured properties of LDPC codes and decoding algorithms are observed and are used to construct hardware implementation with reduced processing complexity.Another technique, known as Convolutional encoding is used for correction of errors at the receiver end .Convolutional codes protects information by adding redundant bits to the binary data. Viterbi decoding is the technique for decoding the Convolutional codes. The Viterbi algorithm estimates the maximum likelihood path through a trellis based on received symbols.

Read More...

Eigenface approach was developed by Sirovich and Kirchy in 1987 and later on Marthew and Alex work on it and used in facial recognition. Eigenfaces thinks image set as 2-D and assumes that at the time of recognition the face of the image should be kept straight and frontal.For this eigenfaces are calculated using principal component analysis . For this we calculate eigenvectors and eigenvalues. To calculate eigenvectors and values we need to have training sets of images which then differentiate input signals from noisy signals. After calculating eigenvectors we chose component and form a feature vector. Eigenvectors with highest eigenvalues is chosen as principal component of data set and then we get ghost like images which we called as eigenfaces.

Read More...

Imagine you manipulation all the arrangements concerning just by a easy gesture and the things answer to you as if it was a little magic. This might be probable alongside embedded systems. The word ‘embedded systems’ is quite a convoluted one. Plainly locale, it is a combination of hardware and multimedia that performs the constituent of a larger system. A insufficient years ago embedded knowledge continued in stand alone mechanisms such as vending mechanisms and copiers that did their jobs alongside slight regards for what went on concerning them. But as knowledge advance to link mechanisms to the internet and to every single supplementary, the possible of embedded knowledge has increased. Home appliances, mobile phones, cars, puny micro chips, avionics etc.., are all employing embedded technology. High-profile embedded chips are scaleable, produce tiny numbers of warmth, and consume less power. These are usually favored for their speed, accuracy and reliability. As they are compact in size and skill to present time-critical and task specific operators, embedded mechanisms find request in all segments of manufacturing and business marketplace locations and residence appliances. In present years, it came to be seeming that manipulation arrangements as integral constituents of larger arrangements, ought to be industrialized and projected concurrently alongside technicians, hydraulics, and electronics. It is vital that builders have a good understanding of the implications of multimedia knowledge embedded into established engineering systems. Current mechanisms encompass of physical constituents bestowing the way and a manipulation arrangement retaining those way to fulfill the machine’s function. Together, they craft up the manipulated contraption, that can additionally be shouted an embedded system. . New innovative requests in disparate spans will make embedded arrangements as one of the fastest growing knowledge of the adjacent future. This paper deals alongside thoughts and events of embedded arrangements in manipulation of mechanisms and gives a finished overview of the frank constituents of manipulation arrangements, fluctuating from sensors to actuators.

Read More...

PCI Express is a modern, high-performance communication protocol implementing sophisticated features to meet today’s performance demands. This paper looks at the success of the widely adopted PCI Express protocol and describes a higher performance. This paper presents the proposal of the implementation of the Data Link Layer Receiver of PCI-Express, in which the architecture contains the Receiver module which ensures the reliability conveying of the Transaction Layer Packets (TLPs) between two components using the PCI-Express protocol. The Receiver module will take part into the communication via receiving data from the Physical Layer and supplying it to the Transaction Layer with several communication parameters. Here High Level as well as Detailed Design for the Receiver section with the sub modules are presented. The attributes presented here are amongst positive/negative acknowledgements, flow control, storage and retry buffers (for failed packets), power management for successful communication.

Read More...

The modern four stroke internal combustion engine has been widely applied due to excellent power to weight ratio and reliability. However, the major downside of the even most efficient modern 4 stroke engine is the production of significant amounts of excess heat energy, dissipated though the cylinder walls of the engine and expelled as waste energy during the exhaust stroke of the cycle. The development of a more efficient six stroke internal combustion engine for increasing the efficiency of four stroke engine for that the final two strokes designed to used of exhaust and convert it into power stroke and finally six stroke working as exhaust stroke and also batter scavenging. Some of basic modifications are done in four stroke engine and made a six stroke engine we can increase the brake thermal efficiency of the engine. Also the dramatic reduction in pollution and batter scavenging is occurs.

Read More...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are prepared of sensor nodes with constrained battery life and diffusion potential. Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been considerably investigated by researches. Wireless sense network have various challenges in which there is one security. Security is major concern in wireless sense network to improve security we try to enhancement the base station security by providing multipath routing technique. Multipath routing technique overcomes the various problems of single path routing as integrity, authentication, availability-resilience-self healing, and confidentiality by providing various multipath ways for the data transmission.

Read More...

The Co-ordinate measuring machines (CMM’s) in industrial environments have become an important resource for the quality systems, monitoring manufacturing processes, reduction errors during manufacturing process, inspection of product specifications and in continuous quality improvement. Calibration means to identify the error behavior of measuring instruments and all planned applications. Parametric calibration, kinematic reference standard and artefact based method are types of calibrations which are used for CMM. Artefact is standard object from which measured results are compared with dimensions of the artefact to determine the errors in the machine. In this paper we present a study on optimal design of ball and plate type artefact used for calibration of probe type CMM. The study is more likely concern of size, shape & positioning of the balls on base plate.

Read More...

In this work, the influence of the cutting parameters namely cutting speed (Vs), feed rate (fs) and depth of cut (ap) at 200°C, 400°C and 600°C hot machining of AISI 4340 steel on surface roughness are studied. The optimum results can be achieved in the experimental study by employing full factorial techniques. Combined effects of three cutting parameters i.e. cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on the performance measure, surface roughness are investigated by employing an full factorial and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 200°C, 400°C and 600°C hot machining. Optimal cutting parameters for each performance measure were obtained; also the relationship between the parameters and the performance measure is determined using multiple linear regression equation.

Read More...

Document transforming framework might be said to be gathering of documents and projects which forms on the different operations in a record running from creation, stockpiling and access of records. Be that as it may one of the significant issues in record handling framework is it failure to get to documents in a remote specially appointed-system. We propose a procedure of charming an open key with record preparing framework in an impromptu-arrange in order to give the office of getting to documents over the system. The proposed framework might empower to permit the clients with a secured key that might give security to the documents helping in keeping up the secrecy of them over the system. The key so fascinated might be open to the client however might additionally let the client to impart the key to make the records accessible to verified clients.

Read More...

Poppet valves are extensively used in hydraulic systems as relief valves, check valves, cartridge valves, and pressure regulators due to their obvious advantages. From the simulation it is conclude that the puppet valve satisfy requirement. From the simulation the result is generating within 10% error. This is desire for any CFD simulation. This simulation extends to check for different opening condition.

Read More...