Decision Tree is a widely used data classification technique. This paper proposes a decision tree based classification method on uncertain data. Data uncertainty is common in emerging applications, such as sensor networks, moving object databases, medical and biological bases. Data uncertainty can be caused by various factors including measure- ments precision limitation, outdated sour ces, sensor errors, and network latency and transmission problems. In this paper, we enhance the traditional decision tree algorithms and extend measures, including entropy and information gain, considering the uncertain data interval and probability distribution function. Our algorithm can handle both certain and uncertain datasets. The experiments demonstrate the utility and robust ness of the proposed algorithm as well as its satisfactory prediction accuracy. We propose a series of pruning techniques that can greatly improve the efficiency of the construction of decision trees.

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Chassis of an automobile or equipment is an important structure, which holds all the parts fitted on it and sustain all the static and dynamic loads imposed on it. So, it is necessary to design the chassis and its parts such that they are able to sustain all type of loads. Here, topology optimization method is applied to minimize the compliance of the chassis and solve the problem. Generally, Topology Optimization method is developed for compliance minimization. Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) using Optimality Criteria Algorithm is applied for Static response. Here, Topology Optimization is used to solve the static response problem of chassis. For achieving the best material distribution in the design domain we use the OPTISTRUCT for Topology Optimization problem. Validation is taken from the CAD model by using the reference of optimized model, and by analysing, it gives better results than earlier. The optimized model is verified by considering real load condition on the chassis.

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With the use of conventional refrigeration system we see that life of compressor is affected by moisture particles and COP is also lower due to lower cooling capacity, there have been serious concerns shown on non conventional refrigeration system. Thermoelectric refrigeration is a type of non conventional refrigeration system. Thermoelectric module in thermoelectric refrigeration is a pretty recent development. The importance of thermo electric refrigeration was realized much later than its merits. Thermoelectric refrigeration is gaining prominence and is now widely used in several western countries. In this project, a thermoelectric module is introduced in a model of window air conditioner for sub cooling and superheating the refrigerant and it is analyzed for its effect on cooling capacity, compressor work, COP, etc.

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Congestion in Wireless Sensor Web (WSN) occurs when traffic burden allocated to each sensor node is beyond its capacity. It is vital to manipulation the congestion traffic to support established quality of ability (such as packet defeat ratios, packet stay, wasting power and throughput) especially, multimedia request of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN).Congestion manipulation in WSN has been shown to be very effective alongside respect to spreading lifespan of system. Hence to avoid the congestion in WSN, we counseled an effectual protocol called Priority-based Congestion Domination Protocol (PCCP) which prevents an upstream congestion in WSN. The PCCP creates priority table established an significance of every single node, and next sends this data to all the nodes inside the network. Secondly, the main purpose of PCCP is to compute congestion level in the network employing ratio of packet inter-arrival period alongside over packet ability time. PCCP uses to manipulation upstream congestion along alongside congestion degree and packet table. PCCP is hop-by hop upstream congestion manipulation protocol for WSN. PCCP provides work for packet-based computation to optimize congestion control. It can work below both solitary trail & multipath routing. PCCP ensures promise of packet defeat as well as delay, emerging every single node can circumvent unfairness and achieve flexible throughput. In this paper, we have counseled that PCCP provides larger Q o S by manipulating web recourse management and web traffic to consuming effectual energy.

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In this paper we propose to offer encryption as a web service using the TEA algorithm. The TEA algorithm is chosen due to its simple design. The low memory requirement and fast execution is ideal for server implementation. It uses feistel cipher for encryption and decryption that reduces implementation overload. The algorithm can handle large workloads without exhausting server resources. The TEA algorithm is characterized by a large number of rounds or iterations to make the algorithm secure. It has a low set up time which is achieved by the lack of look up tables. The proposed system exposes two web service api for encryption and decryption, by using this client can access this service from anywhere over internet.

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Now a days the increasing demand of electrical energy, renewable energy based distribution generators (DGs) are increasingly play a dominant role in electricity production. In this paper it is shown that control of generated power is achieved from the microgrid (MG) to cater the sensitive and critical load during disturbances. The effect of RL load connection and disconnection is shown by MATLAB results. The converter used is a voltage source inverter (VSI) which is controlled using d-q reference frame to inject a controlled current into the grid. Phase lock loop (PLL) is used to generate the vectorized output.

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This paper presents an approach for the optimization of Lenz type vertical axis wind turbine (vawt) design. The main objective of this paper is to design the Lenz type VAWT for domestic applications which can generate electricity on diminutive scale in order to make urban areas of Gujarat state self sustainable and energy secure in the area of energy requirements. From this paper one can learn a design procedure for latest invented Lenz VAWT. From the design calculation and based on previous research data in related domain, basic design parameters of Lenz type VAWT is derived which are tip speed ratio, wing dimensions etc.

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3D CAD modelling is the most important part for analysis Reverse engineering is one of the process by which 3D CAD model can be easily generated .Different techniques available for generating CAD models . The paper describes the methodology applied in the development of an anatomically detailed three-dimensional knee model from CT scan data. Medical imaging software is used for generating CAD model which requires CT data as a input. Step by step procedure is described in this paper.

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Recently, more and more attention is paid to reversible data hiding (RDH) in encrypted images, since it maintains the excellent property that the original cover can be lossless recovered after embedded data is extracted while protecting the image content’s confidentiality. The previous method embed data by reversibly reserving room before encryption, without number of times of hide. In this paper, we propose a novel method by reserving room before encryption with a traditional RDH algorithm, and thus it is easy for the data hider to reversibly embed data in the encrypted image. The proposed method can achieve real reversibility, that is, data extraction and image recovery are free of any error. Experiments show that this novel method can embed more than 15 times as large payloads for the image quality as the previous methods, such as for PSNR=60dB.

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In this paper, we have taken the source code for social Networking sites and we are going to perform Reverse engineering. For this we are using UML Tools like Microsoft Visio and visual paradigm. Here, we are going to compare the outcome of these UML tools. This comparison will show how we can effectively produce meaningful and semantically accurate UML models using reverse engineering.

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There is a great deal of information on the World Wide Web that is at the fingertips of anyone with access to the web. In any case, so far this information has essentially been used by people who interface with the web by method for traditional workstation. This is going to change. Late advancements in remote correspondence, speech recognition, and speech union advances have made it possible to get to this information from wherever, and at whatever point. In this paper, we analyze voice browsers as appeared differently in relation to current web browsers. A segment of the key frameworks of far reaching accessible blueprint are recorded with their association with voice browsers and a couple of contemplations are offered to help scholars executing these thought when arranging website pages. The new voice markup dialect is quickly portrayed.

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Seventy Percentages (70%) of electrical energy generated is consumed by three phase induction motors (3Ñ„ IM) all over the world and the demand is increasing day by day because of industrial growth. This means that if we save electrical energy consumed by 3Ñ„ IM, it can be a huge saving of energy as well as natural resources. To save energy consumed by 3Ñ„IM a Variable Frequency Driver (VFD) is the best solution when used in a variable speed application. With the use of VFD, 3Ñ„IM drive takes exactly the desired amount of power from the supply line. It means that power will not be lost in mechanical components. This is direct saving of electrical energy. In this paper, it is a humble effort to evaluate the harmonics generated by the VFD when used in energy conservation application. In this paper we will also give a kind of power line filters are necessary for the electronics components mounted on the same supply line. An energy conservation test setup will be made for variable flow application. The pump motor is given supply from both the VFD and direct contactor one by one. The consumed energy and harmonics generated along with Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) is measured with the help of three phase power analyzer and the results are compared internally as well as with simulation results.

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Nowadays vehicles are increasing day by day in town and cities roads. It is a well-known problem to manage traffics on the roads in towns and cities. A lot of accident occurs on the road due to careless driving and Technical faults in vehicles. The main problem of traffic authorities is to manage the traffic on the road for the smooth functioning of vehicles that can reduce the accident and violation on the road. There is a tremendous demand from traffic authorities to develop a system that can helps to avoid the accident and keep the accident report data and also maintain the accident report data. The main objective of this paper is to model a Traffic Accident Reporting System (TARS) through data mining using Clustering technique to solve the above problem.

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Due to the growth of Internet, millions of users are using internet for various cases such as online shopping, banking etc. Hence it is necessary to provide security to transactions done by the users. In the modern economy, information is critical both as input and output. The Security can be provided by providing security during e-business transactions and web services. There are many options to make web service secure. We can pick any alternatives from conventions based, policy based or message based security. There are various threats are present to web services and e-business transactions such as unauthorized access and disclosing of data. It is essential to provide security to code during designing and developing the web service. The web administrations are playing a crucial role in online transactions.

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Untreated waste disposal leads to pollution which has potential threat to harm local community as well as leaving beings. In developing countries such as India, about 54.28% household lacks sanitation facilities hence pracitses open defecation.Open defecation causes odour and health risk to humans. Health risk is increased in monsoon and pollution of water sources .The use of firewood or kerosene filled stoves indoors is everyday practise in most of India.The use of such stoves is not only particularly bad for the environment but it also has detrimental health effects. Health effects due to smoke inhalation cause 1.6 million deaths per year, 28% of deaths due to indoor air pollution occur in india.These effects also account for 20% of fatalities in children under 5 years of age. To alleviate or end some of these unsustainable and dangerous practices the installation of a biogas settler with a latrine facility feed has been proposed.The system will collect waste from both human and animal faeces and convert it to energy and fertiliser. In this paper, pratappura village situated in district gandhinagar,state gujarat,India is take into consideration for toilet linked biogas plant.

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Web Service is a type of service that relies on XML messaging format over the internet. Web services has evolved over the years along with the growth of internet. Privacy preserving has turned out to be of vital importance for all users whose data needs to be stored and managed securely without disclosing details to a third party. Confidentially of user data can be achieved by using a suitable encryption scheme that makes it nearly impossible for an intruder to decrypt without having the key. The DES encryption Algorithm can be used for this purpose over the data that is stored in the Hippocratic database. Hippocratic database ensures the security and privacy of data stored in relational database systems. It permits only authorized users to access and modify their data.

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This paper presents parametric evaluation and classification method for Bhaliya and Shihori wheat varieties. In this paper we quantify the quality of bhaliya and Shihori wheat by counting its geometric features and after that train the neural network for Classification.

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To save the energy and to protect the global environment, fuel consumption reduction is a primary concern of the modern bus manufacturers. Drag reduction is essential for reducing the fuel consumption. Designing a vehicle with a minimized drag resistance provides economical and performance advantages. Decreased resistance to forward motion allows higher speed for the same power output, or lower power output for the same speed. The shape is an important factor for drag reduction. To design an efficient shape of the bus that will offer a low resistance to the forward motion, the most important functional requirement today is the low fuel consumption. The main intention behind this project is to reduce the drag co-efficient & drag force of bus body by improving the aerodynamic shape using CFD software (Autodesk Flow Design). The difference of drag force as well as drag coefficient before and after the change in aerodynamic shape of Volvo bus is carried out at different speeds. We got the desirable results of the reduction of drag force about 12 to 15%.

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Mesh topology involve the scheme of routes. Memos dispatched on mesh web can seize each of countless probable trails from basis to destination. A web in that every single mechanism links to every single supplementary is shouted maximum mesh. Heterogeneous wireless mesh web will be dominant in the subsequent creation wireless networks. Handover association and trail restoration are one of the mobility association constituents manipulation the change of the mobile terminals across alert communication. A fast simulation method established on sampling is industrialized for the scutiny of trail ability potential in mesh webs alongside the aid of Vibrant trail restoration. This scheme provides the vibrant trail wreck significance sampling (DPFS) to guesstimate the trail availabilities efficiently. In DPFS, the wreck rates of web agents are biased at increased rates till trail wrecks are noted below rerouting. This simulated ideal uses "failure equivalence group"(FEG) to enable the modeling of bidirectional link wrecks, optical amplifier wrecks alongside links, node failures. The main concept utilized for this setback is polling of the continuing paths from basis to destination and coordinate them established on manipulation defeat and bandwidth availability. After the obligation is discovered whichever by node wreck or link wreck the arrangement switches to the subsequent obtainable path. If there is no potential of such trails, a rerouting is initiated.

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The exponential growth of internet usage has created a new platform where people can freely communicate and exchange ideas and opinions. Review web sites, social Medias, blogs, discussion forums, community websites, etc are encouraging users to share their sentiments and opinion towards products and services. Most of these opinions are expressed in unstructured nature. Prevailing these factors such as availability of heterogeneous content and increased expectation of the customers, gives birth to a new area of research called opinion mining. Opinion mining and sentiment analysis is an extension of text mining that extract the sentiments present in the documents and analyze its polarity orientation towards positive, negative and neutral. Both supervised and unsupervised classification approach can be used for sentiment classification. This paper reviews various work carried out in this area.

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Live migration was introduced to support many features of cloud computing like workload balancing, fault tolerance, online system maintenance, consolidation of virtual machine, etc. Live Migration is transferring of VM from source host machine to destination host machine while being powered on. Cloud has various key points which can be exploited by attackers. As cloud is prone to security attacks, it is necessary to ensure secure transfer of VM. This paper discusses the process of live migration, various security attacks possible along with their effects and some solution to maintain security in live migration.

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This paper classifies wetland of Nal Sarovar by using LISS-III remote sensing data. Taking the Nal Sarovar as study area, LISS-III data of 2013 is used as data source and various classification processes like k-means, ISODATA, Min-Max classifier etc. are utilized. Two types of supervised classification techniques are more efficient and frequently used. These methods are 1) maximum likelihood classification and 2) parallelopiped classification. The paper describes the utilization of accuracy assessment using kappa coefficients.

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Recent day, widely used of sharing information through internet. Therefore some issue occur for data .like, privacy, security .Data inform of image, video, text or speech. These issues are resolve by watermarking techniques. Previously steganography used for secret communication. But today watermarking is used for content protection, copyright and authentication of content. In this paper we present a detailed survey of exiting and newly proposed digital watermarking techniques in spatial domain using spread spectrum .here we limit the survey to image only.

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Automated brain tumor detection from MRI images is one of the most challenging task in today’s modern Medical imaging research. Magnetic Resonance Images are used to produce images of soft tissue of human body. It is used to analyze the human organs without the need for surgery. Automatic detection requires brain image segmentation, which is the process of partitioning the image into distinct regions, is one of the most important and challenging aspect of computer aided clinical diagnostic tools. Noises present in the Brain MRI images are multiplicative noises and reductions of these noises are difficult task. The minute anatomical details should not be destroyed by the process of noise removal from clinical point of view. These makes accurate segmentation of brain images a challenge. However, accurate segmentation of the MRI images is very important and crucial for the exact diagnosis by computer aided clinical tools. A large variety of algorithms for segmentation of MRI images had been developed. In this paper, we present a review of the methods used in brain MRI image segmentation. The review covers imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging and methods for noise reduction and segmentation approaches. The paper concludes with a discussion on the upcoming trend of advanced researches in brain image segmentation.

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The main goal of Component-Based Software Engineering is Reuse of existing software components. Adaptation is a crucial problem in the component-based software engineering. Components that assembled or reused sometimes cannot perfectly fit one another because of the incompatibility issues between them. Behavioral mismatches are one of the adaptation problems. This paper focus on detect the behavior mismatches and how to create adapter to overcome incompatibility problem. The model based approach and Symbolic Transition Systems that used in representing component interface are used to detect the mismatches and overcome them.

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