This paper deals with the latest technology called the sixth sense. It's a wearable interface that augments the physical world around us with the digital information. It's just born concept which allows user to connect with the internet seamlessly. Without use of keyboard, mouse we can see videos access, change, move data simply. But this concept bottle necks lead to modification of the same by using commands instead of gestures. Speech IC is used as a database for commands which will be initially trained for storage. It performs the corresponding commands accessing the operation from the mobile device connected to it and action is projected using a projector over any surface. It's more possibly to be implemented in future because of its cost constraints.Have you ever thought of doing your daily works digitally? What happens if the digital world is merged into the real world? For example, imagine taking a picture with your hands. Or imagine dialing a phone with the palm of your hands. A web cam pinched in a piece of paper becomes an I-pad. Wouldn’t that be interesting? This is made possible by a technique known as ‘Gestural interface’. It is a topic in computer science and language technology with the goal of interpreting human gestures via mathematical algorithms interface. Using this technique, a new technology known as the ‘Sixth sense technology’ has been developed.

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SQL injection is a code injection , used to attack the data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are added into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker). SQL injection should exploit a security vulnerability in an application's software, for instance, when user input is incorrectly filtered for string literal escape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not strongly typed and suddenly executed. SQL injection is mainly known as an attack vector for websites but it can be used to attack any type of SQL database.

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Because of present and predicted scenario about future of energy ,we can say that there is urgent need to look after the available and new non-conventional energy resources other than traditional. In that list, energy production from producer gas is one of the prominent option. Producer gas i.e. gas produced after burning of biomass or particularly wood. Now a days because number of attempts towards gasification , the gas can be use directly for internal combustion engine. Producer gas derived from biomass gasification, as an important renewable and economical energy source for both heat and electricity generation, is being recognized for its true potential as well as urban industry. CFD i.e Computational Fluid Dynamic study of carburetor gives fluid flow visualisation inside the domain. A specially designed producer gas carburetor is comprehensively analyzed by researchers for its mixing performance and response with a CFD modeling. In this paper, a review has been done on CFD study of carburetor for producer gas engine.

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A video encoder is software that enables compression of digital video; the format of the compressed data adheres to a video compression specification. The compression is usually lossy. Historically, video was stored as an analog signal on magnetic tape. Around the time when the compact disc entered the market as a digital-format replacement for analog audio, it became feasible to also begin storing and using video in digital form and a variety of such technologies began to emerge. Audio and video call for customized methods of compression. Engineers and mathematicians have tried a number of solutions for tackling this problem. There is a complex relationship between the video quality, the quantity of the data needed to represent it (also known as the bit rate), the complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms, robustness to data losses and errors, ease of editing, random access, and end-to-end delay.

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For enhancing the self-caring ability of senior citizen, releasing the pressure of the warding people, a family living supporting system, which is very useful for the paralyzed patients or some people with mobility difficulties, is proposed. It is composed of the wireless transmitting unit, the speech recognition module and the network communication part. A speech recognition processing algorithm is designed to get some command messages from the user. The system not only uses these commands to control some household equipment, but also sends some helping signals via wireless network or Internet. If the family members aren’t prompt to respond to these helping messages, these messages will be transmitted by network communication part to the community service center for assistance immediately. It has some advantages of low-cost, low-power, high-performance, easy-operation and so on. As a result, it could be employed as a terminal of health-care of hospital or home.

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The Cloud Computing is one of the emerging modern technologies that need to meet the emerging business needs for agility, flexibility, cost reduction and time-to-value. The developments in cloud computing paradigm necessitate faster and efficient performance evaluation of cloud computing servers. The advanced modeling of Cloud servers are not feasible one due to nature of cloud servers and diversity of user requests.This issue necessitates calculating performance of cloud servers and should be capable of handling several millions of requests in few seconds. It is so possible through the specialized computing facility called Virtualization and even with it, very hard to serve plenty of requests continuously or simultaneously without delay or collision. We proposed a new mechanism to overcome these performance problems and to aim for optimize their performance; we can achieve this goal with help of queuing theory.To tackle the problem of optimizing the performance of cloud servers, we model the cloud servers with multitenant architecture as an M/G/m/m + r queuing system with single task arrivals and a task buffer of finite capacity. In this model focusing on input buffer size, number of servers, mean number of request, responseand etcas metrics for performance. The proposed algorithm named approximate Analytical model, and is equivalent to the combination of Transformation based Analytical Model & an Approximate Markov Chain Model with supporting calculations works out to bring the optimized performance evaluation of cloud servers.

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In this paper FX66-S196-V1 airfoil profile is considered for analysis of wind turbine blade. Geometry of the airfoil is created using GAMBIT 2.4.6. And CFD analysis is carried out using FLUENT 6.3.26 at various angles of attack from 0˚ to 5.5˚. Variations of pressure coefficient are plotted in form of contour for 1 ×105 Reynolds number.

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In Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs), gather the data by using mobile sinks has become popular. Reduce the number of messages which is used for sink location broadcasting, efficient energy data forwarding, become accustomed to unknown earthly changes are achieved by a protocol which is projected by a SinkTrail. The forecast of mobile sinks’ location are done by using logical coordinate system. When sensor nodes don’t have any data to send, at that time they switch to sleep mode to save the energy and to increase the network lifetime. And due to this reason there is a chance of the involvement of nodes that are in sleeping state between the path sources to the mobile sink which is selected by the SinkTrail protocol. Before become the fully functional and process the information, these sleeping nodes can drop the some information. Due to this reason, it is vital to wake-up the sleeping nodes on the path earlier than the sender can start transferring of sensed data. In this paper, on-demand wake-up scheduling algorithm is projected which is used to activates sleeping node on the path before data delivery. Here, in this work the multi-hop communication in WSN also considers. By incorporating wake-up scheduling algorithm to perk up the dependability and improve the performance of on-demand data forwarding extends the SinkTrail solution in our work. This projected algorithm improves the quality of service of the network by dishonesty of data or reducing the loss due to sleeping nodes. The efficiency and the effectiveness projected solution are proved by the evaluation results.

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This paper proposes Planar Inverted-F Antenna with different geometries at PCS band for calculating specific absorption rate(SAR). A PCS band exists from 1.85 to 1.91 GHz. The proposed antennas are configured to suppress the radiation. FR-4 is used as substrate in these designs. Here, the electric-field has been calculated and then specific absorption rate is measured.

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The salinity tolerance of four rice genotypes, at germination and early seedling stages was evaluated using six salinity levels of Nacl and Kcl. Data regarding final germination percentage, germination energy percentage, plumule and radical length and seedling dry weight were recorded. Salinity decreased the various parameters studied in different varieties and the degree of inhibition increased with increasing salinity level. At 20 dS m-1 salinity level, germination was completely inhibited for all four genotypes. Using seedling dry matter reduction as the criteria, the genotypes were categorized as tolerant (T), moderately tolerant (MT), moderately susceptible (MS) or susceptible (S). Jhelum showed greater dry matter accumulation and better salt tolerance during germination and early seedling growth compared to other three genotypes. The results suggest that Jhelum can be recommended to be cultivated on the slightly saline soils.

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Window regulator is a sub assembly used in a automotive car. The window regulator helps in the smooth movement (up and down) of the glass in a car. The window regulator sub assembly of Tata Indica Vista was found to have a large number of rejection causing the highest PPM (Part Per Million) due to defects in the part, high inventory between the process, unbalanced process line and also due to the under utilization of the resources.The project takes on the objective of reduction of Warranty issue of Tata Indica Vista window regulator sub assembly line. The methodology involves studying of each component of the sub assembly and analyzing the variations occurred in the dimensions of each part of sub assembly. Cause and effect diagram and root cause verification were used as the tools to find the cause for the rejections. The problem was with the part known as Lifting plate, the variations with the dimensions of the Radius in wire rope end crimp of upper cable from metal insert & lifting plate. A Radius was designed for the inspection of the incoming parts from the supplier end. After the Radius was implemented this resulted in the achievement of the objective of reduction of the in-house PPM and Warranty issue. The achievement of the above objective enabled the company to raise its sigma value.

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The study on Waste can be used to produce new products or can be used as admixtures so that natural resources are used more efficiently and the environment is protected from waste deposits was studied in this paper. Marble stone industry generates both solid waste and stone slurry. Marble powder is one of the materials which severalty affects the environment and health problems. It is produced from sawing, shaping, and polishing process. Rice Husk Ash which is an Agro-Waste and known to be a Super Pozzoland have been used for mass concrete. the study on experimental work for the concrete using marble dust and rise husk ash of m20 mix design .the use of marble dust and rise husk ash in concrete production as cement replacement. the concrete using different type waste material and perform fresh properties like as workability and hardened properties like as compressive strength , tensile strength and durability test.

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Smart Cards have been increasing in popularity in the last few years. Actually Smart cards are small plastic cards the size of a credit card, but with one difference. Instead of just having embossed lettering and a magnetic strip to contain information, they also have a computer chip. This chip is an Integrated Circuit (IC) that can hold vast amounts of information and provide users with multiple applications. In the coming years more and more Smart Cards will be in use. Smart Cards will replace keys, documents, human actions, cash, and sometimes even palmtops and laptops. The same card will be used as an ID card, drivers license, key to the house and office, access to home entertainment, a wallet, and much more.

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This paper attempts to examine the way as how Genetic Algorithm (GA) can be employed in finding the best solution amongst a given number of possible solutions, the basic principle being extracted from the evolution and adaptation of organisms. The thought of Genetic Algorithm primarily originates from the perception of Charles Darwin who thought that combination of selection and variation is what that makes evolution of organisms perfectly adaptable to the environment. As generations pass, better adaptable organisms are born and the system slowly reaches to a most favorable point. GA makes use of this principle and eventually converges to the best “optimal” solution amongst a set of given solutions. In searching for a solution, a population of candidate is generated, evaluated, selected, and reproduced with modification to produce the candidate population until no further improvement can be made or after certain numbers of generations have generations have evolved, as according to the need of the problem.

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An adhoc network is a network which does on rely on existing infrastructure such as Routers or access point. Access point is helpful in establishing LAN, WAN connection. There are various security issues in designing an adhoc network .in this paper we study different routing algorithms and problem in existing system. There are several wireless Adhoc network security methods like cryptographic algorithm and SPINS in this paper I try to find best suited algorithm for adhoc network keeping in mind security issues.

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The article highlighted the performance evaluation of forced draft gasifire based cook stove. The design and development of forced draft cook stove was carried at Dr. UPCAET Jalgaon. The performance of cook stove take place for three different biomasses i.e. Pellet, Tur and Neem. It was found that the volatile matter, fixed carbon contain higher in the Pellet as compare with Tur and Neem. Ash content in Tur is higher as compared with the Pellet. The burning capacity of pellet is less than that of Tur and Neem. The combustion zone rate for pellet, Neem and Tur were found to be 0.100, 0.120, 0.175 m/h respectively. It was observed that hot water condition was more superior to that of cold water condition. The thermal efficiency obtained from the cook stove for pellet 40.33 per cent, Neem 36.47 per cent and Tur 33.43 per cent. The results of controlled cooking test (CCT) shown the specific fuel consumption of a stove were 1, 1.2 1.44 kg/kg for pellet, Neem, and Tur. The total power output of the cook stove for pellet, Neem and Tur were found to be 3, 2 and 1.8 kW respectively.

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In this paper, performance analysis physical layer wireless local area network. The physical layer is the most important layer in wireless network, high speed data transmission depend only physical layer. Physical layer have different technique for data transmission like DSSS, FHSS, CDMA, OFDM using different modulation technique, physical layer also have large number of IEEE standard for PAN, WLAN, MAN. In this paper, we studied the inherent limitations of wireless local area network, especially in the physical layer IEEE 802.11 standard. In this paper examines the performance of the IEEE 802.11a standard for different combinations of sub-carrier modulation type and code rate and determines the signal-to-noise ratio required to obtain a probability of bit error. On the other hand, the results also show significant coding gain when applying convolutional coding with Viterbi decoding.

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Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) are autonomous and decentralized wireless systems. MANETs consist of mobile nodes that are free in moving in and out in the network. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid.[1] A Reactive (on-demand) routing strategy is a popular routing category for wireless ad hoc routing. In black hole attack, a malicious node sends the route reply message(RREQ) to the source node in order to advertise itself for having the shortest path to the destination node. we propose a new route maintenance algorithm to avoid black hole attacks. We propose this algorithm based on AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol).

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Cloud computing is the most useful technology which is meets the day to day improvement in IT Industries. The cost computing is reduced, and it meets the rising flexibility and scalability for computer processes. In past few years, cloud computing has been the fastest growing technology of the IT industry. Many organizations have expressed their concern about security issues that are to be implemented on cloud computing. Most complicated issue in cloud computing is 'Security'. Some enterprises look at cloud computing cagily due to its security risks. Therefore, some issues happen in the cloud storage as all the data is stored in a remote system. This paper summarizes about the reliability, availability, security issues of cloud like RAS issues, and proposes viable and available solutions.

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This paper described a hybrid methodology that can be deployed in the development of an intelligent critical sensitive system. To obtain this methodology, we interfaced the internationally accepted Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) and the Fuzzy Based Design paradigm. The SSADM was deployed for the systems study and preliminary design while the Fuzzy Based Design Methodology was deployed as the paradigm for an alternative design applied in developing both linear and non-linear systems for embedded control. The resulting methodology was successfully deployed to implement an intelligent traffic control system for a typical ‘+’ in an Eastern Nigerian city. The work demonstrated that embedded systems required a hybrid methodology because in addition to the specialized design paradigm, there would be a need for a detailed study of the systems current operating environments.

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Captcha is a popular real user detection or autobot/robot rejection technique used in websites for Desktops. Captcha is also in use in some of the mobile websites. Captcha are difficult to read on the smartphone and portable computer screens. Users stuck in zooming in/zooming out while reading and filling the captcha and other required fields. Old aged users feel it more difficult to view and type the catpcha. So, there is a strong need of image based easy captcha-like technique to detect the real users and to avoid the autobot/robot tools, which are used to exploit the website databases. In this research we have proposed a visual/graphical alternate to captcha. In this research, we are proposing the development of a new captcha-like technique which will facilitate the user to enter a graphical captcha instead of text based captcha. Users will see a full image and a chunk from the image (sub-image). User will have to tap on the image area, which matches the chunk (sub-image). Further, the system will crop the image to that particular area in some particular size, which will be then forwarded to the server for the real-user authentication. Server side will match the chunk with the cropped image (which is a user input). If chunk is matched with the cropped image, the user will be marked a real user, otherwise a new captcha-like will be sent to the user for re-authentication. If user will fail for a fixed number of times, the server-side will mark the user as a autobot and will block the user for some time.

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Recently, a new kind of war has been takes place between the security community and malicious software developers, the security is specialised to use all possible techniques, methods and strategies to stop and remove the threats during the malware developers utilize new types of malwares that is a bypass implemented security features. In this study we closely looked into malware, to understand the definition, types, propagation of malware, and detecting/defending mechanisms in order to contribute to the process of protection and security enhancement.

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Energy efficiency is an important concern in wireless mobile ad hoc networks, because the mobile nodes in ad hoc networks communicate without an aid of an infrastructure on limited battery capacity. Here a new routing algorithm called Position Based Hybrid Routing (PBHRA) describes effective use of bandwidth and extend the battery life of the mobile nodes. This is done, by reducing the computational time in the proposed algorithm. The mobile nodes in MANETS do not have a centralized Administration. Hence in PBHRA, the central node for controlling the route determination acts as Master node which directs and controls the other nodes. The performance evaluation of the algorithm

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The brain and spinal column make up the central nervous system (CNS), where all vital functions of the body are controlled. When tumors arise in the central nervous system, they are especially problematic because a persons thought processes and movements can be affected. These tumors can also be difficult to treat because the tissues surrounding a tumor that may be affected by surgery or radiation may play a vital role in functioning. There are two broad types of cancers occurring within this system. primary tumors originate in the central nervous system, whereas secondary tumors migrate from cancers located elsewhere in the body, such as breast cancers. Secondary, or metastatic, brain tumors, are more common than primary brain cancers. This section focuses on primary stages on brain cancer.

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Our project aim is to build a handheld device that would help deaf and dumb people to communicate with others in every day spoken language such as English. Deaf and dumb often communicate via sign language, a kind of representation of words through hand and finger positions. But it has got serious limitations because it is not easy to understand by a normal listener on the opposite and to make things worse, not many in the world know sign language at all. Also, it is difficult to represent all the words of a plain language like English into a sign language symbol. Even if there is one, then learning and using them would be tough and cumbersome. In this paper, we will focus on the history of communication technologies that have given better access to the world for those with sensory disabilities. The areas that will be covered are communication technologies that improve or augment hearing and vision, and technologies that support alternatives strategies to communication without hearing and/or vision.

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