Today, the question is less about whether or not to use Platform as a Services (PaaS), but rather which providers to use. PaaS is a computing platform that abstracts the infrastructure, OS, and middleware to drive developer productivity. PaaS offerings are "polyglot" and "polyhost". Selection of Platform as a Service provider is an important process because an ideal vendor will be able to continue to partner with company as company grows. There are many components to be consider while selecting PaaS vendor like Scalability, Availability, Manageability, Performance, Security, Accessibility, Billing At a high-level a PaaS helps organizations, specifically by providing a fast and scalable way to host applications in the cloud.

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This paper describes how you can protect your system from Intrusion, which is the method of Intrusion Prevention and Intrusion Detection .The underlying premise of our Intrusion detection system is to describe attack as instance of ontology and its first need is to detect attack. In this paper, we propose a novel framework of autonomic intrusion detection that fulfills online and adaptive intrusion detection over unlabeled HTTP traffic streams in computer networks. The framework holds potential for self-governing: self-labeling, self-updating and self-adapting. Our structure employs the Affinity Propagation (AP) algorithm to learn a subject’s behaviors through dynamical clustering of the streaming data. It automatically labels the data and adapts to normal behavior changes while identifies anomalies.

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Micro-scale chemistry techniques are proving to be very useful for performing chemistry experiments in school laboratory. These are not just cost effective but also reduce wastage and health hazards. The techniques enable students to perform experiments in an environmentally safe and pollution free atmosphere using small quantities of chemicals without compromising the quality and standard of experiments. A typical micro-scale experiment consumes only, say less than 10% of the required quantity of reagents used in a corresponding traditional chemistry experiment. This paper presents the outcomes of a study that attempted to assess the effectiveness of the experiments in terms of students' understanding of chemistry related concepts and their overall achievement in chemistry subject. The paper discusses the result of the study and accentuates the economy model of micro-scale chemistry experiments and further delineates the educational implications of this technique for all the stake holders of school education.

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The technology of sensor, medical body sensor and intelligent information processing is widely used in Body Sensor Networks (BSNs), which are a branch of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). BSNs are playing an increasingly important role in the fields of medical treatment, social welfare and sports are changing the way humans use computers. In this research, proposed an energy-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol based on IEEE802.16 is specifically designed for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) to cognitively work in high interference environment. Proposed system uses the cross-layer optimization algorithm called such as Joint Cross-Layer Width Arbitrary Filter Length Algorithm (JCL) it significantly reduces the hand-off delay, energy-level. Simulation results show that, depending on the interference level, it is able to outperform the efficient medium access control protocol and existing IPv6 over Low power Wireless personal area network (6LoWPAN) in terms of energy utilization, packet delay, and network throughput.

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Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security such as confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication and data again authentication. We describe new public-key cryptosystems that produce constant-size cipher texts such that efficient delegation of decryption rights for any set of cipher texts is possible. Cryptosystem or cryptographic system is any sort of methodology for encoding and accessing that information. In this technique the master key holder can release a constant-size aggregate key for flexible choices of cipher text set in cloud storage, but the other encrypted files outside the set remain confidential. This compact aggregate key can be conveniently sent to others or be stored in a smart card with very limited secure storage. We provide formal security analysis of our schemes in the standard model. We also describe other application of our schemes. In particular, one can aggregate any set of secret keys and make them compact as a single key but encompassing the power of all the keys being aggregated.

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It is becoming increasingly important to accurately predict the behavior of adhesive joints. Adhesive joints are widely used in industries e.g. automobiles, aircrafts, home appliances and so on. They are being used as a closure system in the packaging industry, through the use of adhesives as a system for construction of complex structures such as skyscrapers, airplanes, trains or buses etc. In adhesive bonding, the load is transmitted from one adherend to another adherend smoothly through the adhesive layer in the overlap region i.e. the adhesive serves as medium for load transmission. The research is presented with variants of different adhesive materials proposed for the shear strength investigation of adhesive joint to be used in the automotive industry. The problem is investigated using mathematical analysis as well as analytical methodology with Finite Element Analysis. For meshing of the geometry of the brake shoe assembly hyper mesh software is used. In FEA, the competent software ‘Abacus’ is used for determining the shear stress induced in two different materials of adhesive layer applied to the brake shoe. Different variants with different adhesive materials and geometry of base material are analyzed for concluding the research work.

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Antenna is the most important part of wireless communication. The recent growth in this industry makes the antenna more advanced and reliable. In various fields we need the use of highly characteristics antennas and these characteristics are based upon some parameters like bandwidth, gain, directivity etc. As compared to other antennas microstrip antenna can make possible to achieve the required characteristics for efficient communication because they are easily to fabricate and reduces the cost also. To make the microstrip antenna more advanced it use defected ground structure (DGS). The DGS structures are introduce to improve the performance of planar array antenna in terms of return loss, gain, directivity and voltage standing wave ratio. The goal of this paper is to understand the mathematical terms of antenna and feeding techniques so that it possible to know how to make the Microstrip antenna with DGS as more highly characterized antenna.

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Cloud computing is computing in which large groups of remote servers are networked to allow centralized data storage and online access to computer services or resources. The strives of environment is dynamic, customizable and reliable with the quality of services. Security issues in the cloud as it is anywhere else. Lots of people share different point of views in cloud computing. Some of the people believe that it is unsafe to use Cloud Computing .Clouds can be classified as public, private or hybrid. This paper handle security issue in cloud using blowfish algorithm.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are pertinent in numerous arenas where WSNs may be used for sensing, ciphering, and communication elements that give a administrator the ability to instrument, observe, and retort to events and phenomena in a specific environment. For these requirements of WSNs necessitate high efficient routing protocols design ought to energy efficient as feasible to extend their lifetime, and secure data delivery without any time delay. But sensor devices are resource curbed, positioned in an open and unattended environment, different types of attacks and conventional techniques against these attacks are not desirable due to the resource constrained nature of these kinds of networks. An energy-balanced routing method based is designed with change of cluster head for each round of data transmission. This energy efficient algorithm is proposed with verification algorithm which ensures that the secure data transmission is achieved without releasing private sensor readings and without introducing significant overhead on the battery-limited sensors. Additionally different power levels are used to reduce immobile node breakdown in WSN.

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Connecting rod is very important part of engine. It should be accurately machined with the acceptable tolerance. Also the fluctuations of dimensions in work-piece to work piece should be minimum so that it will be easier to assemble in engine. But it has been observed that the required dimensions for the bolt diameter and smaller end diameter for the connecting rod are not continuously achievable by using the existing fixture. The diameters required of the bolts and the smaller end of the said connecting rod are 10±0.05 mm and 24±0.01 mm respectively The aim of this project is to design and development of a new fixture for machining (Boring) operation using designing software's i.e. Pro E and analysis using ANSYS ,which can eliminate the said problems. And the production rate will also increase up to 15% which is quite objective. So for that, a new hydraulic fixture is designed and observed that dimensional accuracy, increased production rate up to 15% and more output per day with boring operation. Which defines process is satisfactory enough and validates the project.

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In the last decade, the greatest threat to the wireless sensor network has been Reactive Jamming Attack because it is difficult to be disclosed and defend as well as due to its mass destruction to legitimate sensor communications. As discussed above about the Reactive Jammers Nodes, a new scheme to deactivate them efficiently is by identifying all trigger nodes, where transmissions invoke the jammer nodes, which has been proposed and developed. Due to this identification mechanism, many existing reactive jamming defending schemes can be benefited. This Trigger Identification can also work as an application layer .In this paper, on one side we provide the several optimization problems to provide complete trigger identification service framework for unreliable wireless sensor networks and on the other side we also provide an improved algorithm with regard to two sophisticated jamming models, in order to enhance its robustness for various network scenarios.

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This paper presents study and review on various current comparators. It also describes low voltage current comparator using flipped voltage follower (FVF) to obtain the single supply voltage. This circuit has short propagation delay and occupies a small chip area as compare to other current comparators. The results of this circuit has obtained using PSpice simulator for 0.18 μm CMOS technology and a comparison has been performed with its non FVF counterpart to contrast its effectiveness, simplicity, compactness and low power consumption.

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Now a days solar harvesting is more popular. As the popularity become higher the material quality and solar tracking methods are more improved. There are several factors affecting the solar system. Major influence on solar cell, intensity of source radiation and storage techniques The materials used in solar cell manufacturing limit the efficiency of solar cell. This makes it particularly difficult to make considerable improvements in the performance of the cell, and hence restricts the efficiency of the overall collection process. Therefore, the most attainable maximum power point tracking method of improving the performance of solar power collection is to increase the mean intensity of radiation received from the source used. The purposed of tracking system controls elevation and orientation angles of solar panels such that the panels always maintain perpendicular to the sunlight. The measured variables of our automatic system were compared with those of a fixed angle PV system. As a result of the experiment, the voltage generated by the proposed tracking system has an overall of about 28.11% more than the fixed angle PV system. There are three major approaches for maximizing power extraction in medium and large scale systems. They are sun tracking, maximum power point (MPP) tracking or both.

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With an expontial growth of World Wide Web, there are so many information overloaded and it became hard to find out data according to need. Web usage mining is a part of web mining, which deal with automatic discovery of user navigation pattern from web log. This paper presents an overview of web mining and also provide navigation pattern from classification and clustering algorithm for web usage mining. Web usage mining contain three important task namely data preprocessing, pattern discovery and pattern analysis based on discovered pattern. And also contain the comparative study of web mining techniques.

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Double wishbone designs allow the engineer to carefully control the motion of the wheel throughout suspension travel. 3-D model of the Lower Wishbone Arm is prepared by using CAD software for modal and stress analysis. The forces and moments are used as the boundary conditions for finite element model of the wishbone arm. By using these boundary conditions static analysis is carried out. Then making the load as a function of time; quasi-static analysis of the wishbone arm is carried out. A finite element based optimization is used to optimize the design of lower wishbone arm. Topology optimization and material optimization techniques are used to optimize lower wishbone arm design.

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Finite element analysis has been widely used for analyzing the component and optimizing component size and shape. In this research paper we will analyses the mixer blade under static structural analysis by using ansys and will study the stress and deformation induced in the component. After, analysis of stress and deformation we will optimize the weight of the blade using different thickness of the plate and check the stress and deformation induced.

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Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETs) are self-organized wireless networks, which are infrastructure less. VANET has a high dynamic environment so efficient data delivery in a network is a challenging issue. Opportunistic routing protocol improves the reliability of routing by using broadcast mechanism. Link State aware Geographic Opportunistic routing protocol (LSGO) [1] is a combination of link state information and geographic location of vehicles. The main purpose of LSGO is to improve the data transmission by select the nodes as forwarder and give them priority according to priority scheduling algorithm. When the node receive the same packets two or more time then the redundancy occur and also arise overhead problem. The aim of this paper is to enhance the performance of LSGO routing protocol by reducing the overhead problem.

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In today's computing and digital world, generation and accessing of data information has been rapidly increased in several organization. Millions of people are generating huge amount of data for their need of organizations which is often referred as big data. Big Data is considered as a promising for increasing segment of IT industry and business applications includes namely health care, banking etc. Since the extent and volume of big data is large, the fixed amount of storage is not suitable for storing such dynamic generation of data. Earlier versions of technology used major storage devices such as solid-state devices, optical devices, magnetic tapes and magnetic disks. However these storage devices don't supports for dynamic data generation from various organizations. Therefore, recent technology uses cloud based storage and storage networking therewith improved data storage and mining techniques are needed to be incorporated and advanced for preserving this increased volume of data. This paper surveys various storage techniques used for storing large volume of generated data. This survey comprehensively analyses and classifies the several attributes of big data which generally includes characteristics, nature, rapid growth and volume. At last possible research directions for big data systems in near future are outlined.

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Today the modern phase of the internet is the personalize phase where the user is able to view everything that matches his/her interest and needs. Nowadays, Web users are relying totally on the internet in relation to all the problems they have in their daily life. If someone want to find a job he/she will look on the internet , similarly if someone wants to buy some product/item the best preferred platform will be the internet so due to large numbers of users on the internet and also due to the large amount of data on the internet people starts preferring those platforms where they can find what they need in as minimum time as possible. The only way to make the web intelligent is through personalization. Web Personalization has been introduced more than a decade ago and many researchers have contributed to make this strategy as efficient as possible and also as convenient for the user as possible. Web personalization research has a combination of many other areas that are linked with it and includes AI, Machine Learning, Data Mining and natural language processing. This report describes the whole era of web personalization with a description of all the processes that have made this technique more popular and wide spread. This report has also thrown light on the importance of this strategy and also on the benefits and limitations of the methods of this strategy.

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This paper proposes an improved random forest algorithm for classifying diabetic data. This algorithm is particularly designed for analyzing very high dimensional data with multiple classes whose well-known representative data. A novel feature early classification of classes for subspace sampling and tree selection method are developed and synergistically served for making random forest framework well suited to categorize diabetic data. With the new feature early classification of classes for subspace sampling and tree selection method, we can effectively reduce subspace size and improve classification performance without increasing error bound and parallel implementation of improved random forest algorithm. We apply the proposed method on diabetic data sets with 8 characteristics. The results have demonstrated that this improved random forests outperformed the original Random Forest methods in terms of classification performance.

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This paper represents analytical approach of calculation of cooling load and air-conditioner required for the conference hall of National Institute of Technology (NIT) Raipur. The city Raipur (Latitude: 20.92N, Longitude: 82.00E) is the capital of state Chhattisgarh of India. The climatic condition of Raipur comes under composite zone of climate classification of India, where the summer is quite hot and temperature ranges 42̊C-45̊C in the month of May. The total heat load of conference hall and the required number of air conditioner of 1.5 ton capacity has been calculated by considering conduction heat gain, ventilation heat gain, solar heat gain and internal gain. For the taken dimensions and structural properties of the conference hall the cooling load of the hall is 42.5 kw and the required number of air conditioner is 8.

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Captcha is a popular real user detection or technical autobot / robot used on websites for Desktops rejection. Captcha is also being used in some mobile websites. Captcha difficult to read on your smartphone and laptop screens. Users trapped zoom in / zoom out to read and fill out the captcha and other required fields. User's old elderly are more difficult to see and enter the Captcha. Therefore, there is a strong need for imaging techniques based image code as easy to detect the actual users and to prevent tools autobot / robot, which are used to exploit the website databases. In this research have proposed a alternative / visual graph for captcha. In this research, we are proposing the development of a new technique captcha as facilitating the user to enter a code graphic image instead of captcha text based. Users will see a complete picture and a piece of the image (sub-image) the. User will have to tap the image area, which coincides with the piece (sub-image). In addition, the system will crop the image of that particular area of a particular size, which will then be sent to the server for authentication real user. Server side corresponds to the piece with the cropped image (which is a user input). If chunk corresponds to the cropped image, the user will be marked a real user, otherwise a new code similar image will be sent to the user for re-authentication.

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The interconnection of nodes forming a network called wireless sensor network (WSN). The difference between the WSN and traditional wireless networks is that sensors are extremely sensitive to energy consumption. Energy saving is the crucial issue in designing the wireless sensor networks. The application domain of WSNs varies from environmental monitoring, to health care applications, military operation, transportation, security applications, weather forecasting, real time tracking, and fire detection and so on. By considering its application areas WSN can be argued as a traditional wired or wireless network. But in reality, these networks are comprised of battery operated tiny nodes with limitations in their computation capabilities, memory, bandwidth, and hardware resulting in resource constrained WSN. In this paper we work on a Heterogenious Routing technique to achieve energy efficiency.

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The study of paper concerns with the research work done by the various researchers in the field of optimization and analysis of centrifugal pump performance using CFD tool. The use of CFD-tools to analyses the flow field in turbo machines and to predict performance parameters has gained enormous popularity in recent years. Pump is a turbo machines in which mechanical energy is transformed into the hydraulic energy. Various components of centrifugal pump must be designed carefully for the better performance of the centrifugal pump.

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The mobile computing has been grown very fast in last few years. The need for devices like palmtops, handhelds and cellular phones is rapidly increasing. These devices have become necessity in today's lifestyle. Mobile IP is used to facilitate mobility of such devices without breaking connection from network. In this paper, Mobile IP approaches, Mobile IP terminology, need for Mobile IP, how Mobile IP works applications and several issues of Mobile IP are reviewed.

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