In modern technology, the field of digital image processing has grown up to a new dimension due to availability of high resolution cameras. As the technology is growing rapidly, various technologies are being developed for handheld devices like Smartphone and tablets. In recent years, Android platform has gained huge popularity in terms of number of available applications and market share. The goal of our project is to design Android-platform based text detection and translation application that is able to recognize text present in digital image, translate the text from English to various other languages like Arabic, German, French, Russian, Spanish etc. As well as convert the text into speech and allows the audio file to be stored locally for later use. Experimenting with a set of 100 random business card pictures, captured by Smartphone camera, we have achieved a maximum accuracy-rate that is greater than 90%. Moreover, the developed system is more efficient and consumes less memory so as to be suitable for Smartphone devices.

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vulnerable nodes are the biggest threat in Disruption/Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN). The main objective of this paper is to find the vulnerable nodes. Vulnerable nodes means it may be act as Malicious or Selfish or Replica node. In this project the DTrust technique is used as misbehaviour detection scheme. The DTrust is offering a Trusted Authority (TA) to analyse the node’s behaviour based on the collected claim evidences and the distance of each nodes. The malicious and selfish behaviours are detected based on the claim evidences. The replica node is found based on the distance of each node. From the distance we can identify the moving speed of each node. If the speed reaches the maximum threshold that node considered as the replica. The proposed method used in this project performs well than the other existing methods.

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Song Search Engine Based on Querying by Singing/Humming is the system which searches the song for user when given a query in the form of hummed or sung section of melody as a input to system. Searching song by singing /humming section of it is the most natural for user. For this no musical training would be required. User is simply expected to record the acoustic query and system will use the features of recorded query for searching song. Finally the query by singing/humming system will return optimized list of songs in which most probably top most songs will be the song desired by user. Result optimization is obtained by re-ranking algorithms using probabilistic calculation. Re-ranking of the result is advancement in the existing QBSH systems. This module has made the QBSH system more accurate & responsive.

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The side stand of a motor bike can be retracted automatically by using a motor and shaft circuit controlled by a driver circuit. The power supply can be given either by an external source like batteries or by internal power sources. The side stand of a motor bike is connected with the motor using a shaft. This motor is driven and controlled by a driver circuit and a micro controller. The rotation of the side stand and motion of the motor is controlled by the driver circuit which was internally connected with the motor. The motion of the side stand is monitored by a limiting switch . When the starter button is pressed the motor rotates in a direction to lift the side stand up. When the side stand reaches its limit, the power supply is cut off which can be identified using a limit switch. Micro controller and driver circuit are responsible for the direction of rotation of the motor. When the push button is pressed, the polarity of the motor along with the driver circuit gets reversed. Hence the motor rotates in the opposite direction. There will also be a limit switch at the original position of side stand before retraction. The power supply will be stopped as soon as the side stand reach the limiting switch. This technology can be regarded as the lifesaving one. About 80% of the accidents takes place due to the carelessness of this sort. Safety is the first and foremost motivation behind this system. Reduction of human work can also be achieved by this system. The cost and maintenance of the system is also economical.

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Microstrip rectangular patch antennas are attracting the attention of antenna designer, because of attractive advantages such low profile, light weight, easy of fabrication etc. but it also suffering with some drawbacks of low gain, narrow band width. These drawbacks can be overcome by some extent by taking care in design of antenna. There are many parameters effecting the radiating characteristics of antenna but in present project we are considering feeding of power to antenna because this plays important role. Here we are considering three different feed methods such as coaxial feed, inset feed and cut feed and their effects on radiating characteristics were analyzed on comparing with one to each other. The design was done in Ansoft HFSS version 13. The results of return loss S(3)and VSWR are presented.

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we present PACK, a novel end-to-end traffic redundancy elimination (TRE) system, designed for cloud computing customers. It can be used to identify previously received chunk chains, which in turn can be used as reliable predictors to future transmitted chunks. Cloud-based TRE needs to apply a judicious use of cloud resources so that the bandwidth cost reduction combined with the additional cost of TRE computation and storage would be optimized. PACK’s main advantage is its capability of offloading the cloud-server TRE effort to end clients, thus minimizing the processing costs induced by the TRE algorithm. Unlike previous solutions, PACK does not require the server to continuously maintain clients’ status. This makes PACK very suitable for pervasive computation environments that combine client mobility and server migration to maintain cloud elasticity. PACK is based on a novel TRE technique, which allows the client to use newly received chunks to identify previously received chunk chains, which in turn can be used as reliable predictors to future transmitted chunks. We present a fully functional PACK implementation, transparent to all TCP-based applications and network devices. Finally, we analyze PACK benefits for cloud users, using traffic traces from various sources.

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Scriptless timing attack is a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) based side channel attack in which the attacker attempts to compromise the web privacy of user. Attacker analyzes the time taken to render the image on the victim’s web browser. It is based on the fact that rendering process of the resources loaded from remote website is delayed than the resource is loaded from local cache. The attacker uses Cascading Style Sheet features and distinguishes that whether victim have visited the target website or not.

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In recent years, advance in hardware technology have lead to increase in the capability to store and record personal data about service consumers and individuals. This has lead to concerns that the personal data may be misused for a variety of purposes. It is also very important to find out some useful information from large data sets. So in this paper we address privacy problem during mining large data sets. We introduce a certain transformation methods that deal with the privacy while mining. The goal of our methods are preserving the accuracy of specific data and preserving privacy of original data. Proposed methods provide privacy to only sensitive numerical attributes. This paper focuses on Geometric data perturbation technique for large data sets analyze.

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In 21st century human life is completely depends on electricity and a human being needs to consume more and more energy, but unfortunately the conventional energy sources are limited and depleting very fast, that is why it is time to think of alternative and to shift our focus on utilizing the non-conventional energy sources for generation of electricity and also reduce the share of greenhouse gases which is responsible for global warming. So this paper is presenting the study of generation of power from speed breaker and the possible mechanism required for it.

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A new general cascaded multilevel inverter with single carrier level shift PWM is proposed in this paper. The proposed topology requires a lesser number of dc voltage sources and power switches and consists of lower blocking voltage on switches, which results in decreased complexity and total cost of the inverter. These abilities obtained within comparing the proposed topology with the conventional topologies. Moreover, a new algorithm to determine the magnitude of dc voltage sources is proposed. In which only one carrier signal is used and compared with reference signal. Depends upon the level or RMS value of output voltage, the level of carrier signal is determined. Based on the level determined, the carrier signal is shifted and compared with reference signal. The proposed technique completely eliminates the switching transition in the lower levels. So it reduces switching loss and also improves the power quality. The performance and functional accuracy of the proposed topology using the new algorithm in generating all voltage levels for a 31-level inverter are confirmed by MATLAB simulation and experimental results.

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In this paper we will be discussing about a low cost and flexible home control and monitoring system using cloud networking for accessing and controlling devices and home appliances remotely using Android based Smart phone app. The framework of the monitoring system is based on combination of pervasive distributed sensing units and information system for data aggregation, interpretation and context awareness. Results are interesting as the reliability of sensing information transmission through the proposed integrated networking architecture is about 89%. The prototype was tested to generate real-time graphical information instead of test bed scenario.

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Network Intrusion detection system is tool to monitor & identify intrusion in computers networks. The genetic algorithm is employed to derive a set of classification rules from network audit data. Different data sets are used as an audit data .From these data sets only specific features are selected and represented as chromosomes, which represent rules. The weighted sum model, support-confidence framework or reward penalty framework is utilized as fitness function to judge the quality of each rule. Best rule collection or knowledge base improves IDS performance by improving detection rate and reducing false alarm rate. The weighted sum model is generally more helpful for identification of network anomalous behaviors. The support –confidence framework is simply identifying network intrusions or precisely classifying the types of intrusions. Reward penalty technique used to give reward to the good chromosome and to apply penalty on the bad chromosome. This paper gives detail study about research carried out in fitness function of genetic based intrusion detection system.

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In the present world, images and videos are the main carrier of information. So that, they are usually provided as essential evidence in many different areas like ranging from mainstream media, journalism and scientific publication, criminal investigation and surveillance system, etc. However, this source of information can be easily tampered by using open source of powerful computer applications like Photoshop, Magisto Video Editor, Cyber Link Director Suite, Corel Video Studio Pro, etc. For making tampering more robust, various transformation like scaling, rotation, lighting changes, blurring etc. applied. Copy-move image forgery is frequently used to tamper the image. In copy-move forgery, a specific area is copied and then pasted into any region of the image. An efficient approach for detecting copy-move tampering is to use visual feature such as Speed Up Robust Features (SURF). This paper presents a tempering detection method based on SURF, which detects the key points and their corresponding features. From the key points, grouping is performed on the matched key points, which shows the copied and pasted regions.

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Multi-keyword ranked search over encrypted cloud data (MRSE) while preserving strict system-wise privacy in cloud computing paradigm. Among various multi-keyword semantics, we choose the efficient principle of “coordinate matching”, i.e., as many matches as possible, to capture the similarity between search query and data documents. Specifically, we use “inner product similarity”, i.e., the number of query keywords appearing in a document, to quantitatively evaluate the similarity of that document to the search query in “coordinate matching” principle. However, directly outsourcing data vector or query vector will violate index privacy or search privacy. To meet the challenge of supporting such multi-keyword semantic without privacy breaches, we propose a basic MRSE scheme using secure inner product computation, which is adapted from a secure k-nearest neighbor (kNN) technique, and then improve it step by step to achieve various privacy requirements.

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The domination of social networking applications such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Viber continues to grow exponentially with WhatsApp being the undisputed leader amongst a vast series of social networking and chat messengers with more than 600 million users worldwide and being the number one paid application in more than 131 countries. Arguably privacy is a key draw for social media such as facebook, viber, whatsapp users when it comes to any mobile chat option and as a leader on the market WhatsApp has found itself in some hot water after researchers called out a potential security vulnerability. Generally WhatsApp is a very popular messenger for smart devices only. This paper demonstrates how to capture the password of targate device WhatsApp account using the different gateway level proxies like SSL/TLS proxy, MITM proxy. Once attacker received this password attacker can use it to communicate to the WhatsApp main servers directly or via a local framework.

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In ancient time, after the discovery of wheel by man, it has been used extensively for various purposes and it is vital part of human life for ages. These wheels runs human life faster and faster with new technology and one such technology is on board air inflation system used in automobiles. Tyres are the second-highest cost for the trucking industry. The on board air inflation system is used to maintain the pressure of tyres in running condition. The environmental conditions varies according to region, seasons because of this, it require maintaining the tyres pressure for better performance according to conditions. The most important application of this system is in military vehicle. For the military vehicle, the environmental condition, land conditions are continuously varying and they have to face very worst condition like heavy rainfall, snowfall, deserts. At that remote place no such devices are available for maintenances of the tyres. At some crucial times like war conditions or any flood conditions there is no time to filling the air. Thus there arises a need for automatic tyre inflation system. This can be done by employing appropriate technique. This project deals with the design and fabrication of automatic tyre inflation system.

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Classification between the objects is easy task for humans but it has proved to be a complex problem for machines. The raise of high-capacity computers, the availability of high quality and low-priced video cameras, and the increasing need for automatic video analysis has generated an interest in object classification algorithms. A simple classification system consists of a camera fixed high above the interested zone, where images are captured and consequently processed. Classification includes image sensors, image pre- processing, object detection, object segmentation, feature extraction and object classification. Classification system consists of database that contains predefined patterns that compares with detected object to classify in to proper category. Image classification is an important and challenging task in various application domains, including biomedical imaging, biometry, video- surveillance, vehicle navigation, industrial visual inspection, robot navigation, and remote sensing.

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A honey-pot is a non-production system, design to interact with cyber-attackers to retrieve intelligence on attack techniques and behaviors. With the increase in the dependency on the Internet both at the personal and commercial level, intrusion detection becomes a challenging process. The challenge here is not only to be able to actively monitor large numbers of systems, but also to be able to react quickly to different situations. Implementations however falling into 3 major categories: high-interaction, medium-interaction, low-interaction. Honey-d, created by Niels Provos, is an open source project implemented as a small software daemon that creates virtual hosts on a network (low-interaction). High-interaction honey-pot systems are typically hardware replicas of existing operational components that include the appropriate software. These systems do not mimic services, but are deployed with working instances. Our type of system provides a high-interacting solution that is less prone to discovery of its deceptive purpose by network intruders. Therefore these issues can be addressed by our efficiently as the systems are at higher risk of facing an attack from an intruder. The system we speak of will perform interactions in Real time, data and records will be saved on a database primarily will be developed an NIDES(Next Generation Intrusion detection system).The system will provide the modules of port/socket scanning, packet scanning, SQL injection modules in the working manner. As such a system having or running these 3 modules together has not been taught of in the practical manner.

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with the increased use of Android smartphones, the amount and variety of android malware is growing rapidly. Being the most popular platform, open source system and its vulnerable architecture, Android has been the most targeted platform for malware attacks. Most mobile malware is designed to steal users' money, including SMS-Trojans, and lots of backdoors and Trojans. In this paper, we have explored android malware, and analyzed PCA and permission-combination based scheme. We found that PCA based method works efficiently to detect unknown malware in comparison to permission-combination based method. However, neither of these permission based methods can detect colluding attack in which one application communicates with other application by creating overt and covert channel. The findings of the review have been well documented in this paper.

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Wireless networks are generally less efficient and unpredictable compared to wired networks, which make QoS provisioning a bigger challenge for wireless communications. The evergreen demand for fast delivery of large volumes of data is one of the challenging task for wireless communication technology. WiMAX is a wireless broadband solution that offers a rich set of features with a lot of flexibility in terms of deployment options and potential service offerings. Its main objective is to provide quality with cost effectiveness. But Delivering QoS is more challenging for mobile broadband than for fixed. The time variability and unpredictability of the channel become more acute, and complication arises from the need to hand over sessions from one cell to another as the user moves across their coverage boundaries. WiMAX to provide high-speed access to the Internet where the transmission control protocol (TCP) is the core transport protocol. Unlike routing, where packets are relayed hop-by-hop toward their destination, TCP actually provides reliable end to-end transmission of transport-level segments from source to receiver. As TCP was designed for wired networks it considers that all packet loss in the network is due to congestion. Wireless medium is more exposed to transmission errors and sudden topological changes. So in this thesis work, we investigate the effects of subscriber’s mean speed on the performance characteristics of three representative TCP schemes, namely TCP-New Reno, Westwood and Cubic, in WiMAX network environment, under the conditions of correlated lossy links, route failures and network congestion using ns2.

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A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous devices that cooperatively sense physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion, or pollutants at different locations. We propose a new tracking framework, called Face Track, which is the common area connecting one or more region, is called a face. Instead of predicting the target location separately in a face, we estimate the target’s moving toward another face. We introduce an edge detection algorithm to generate each face further in such a way that the nodes can prepare ahead of the target’s moving, which greatly helps tracking the target in a timely fashion and recovering from special cases, e.g., sensor fault, loss of tracking. Also, we develop an optimal selection algorithm to select which sensors of faces to query and to forward the tracking data.

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Stepper motors are one of the most indispensable entities of any industrial sector, be it the process industries or the manufacturing industries. Since the invention of wheel by early man, the need for motion has been high and that grew as years passed to indicate the requirement of manufacturing in a flow that is in a moving conveyor belt. Not only in conveyor belts, are stepper motors used in various other units too. Existing stepper motors are programmed through microprocessors, controllers and electrical circuits. LabVIEW a software pioneered by National Instruments has also been used to program them, but using NI-myRIO a new product launched by National Instruments, hasn’t been put to use for such a purpose so far. My-RIO’s extensive abilities has been put to good use in this project where using simple techniques the stepper motor is programmed to operate using a driver circuit according to user’s desired conditions.

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Wireless communication is observing a fast development in today’s communication era. Planning a good, stable and reliable network can be quite challenging. At the same time, it poses several interesting optimization problems. Here we have analyzed adaptive modulation scheme with their performance in changing channel condition. Different order modulations and different coding schemes, allow sending more bits per symbol, thus gaining higher throughputs and better spectral efficiencies. This paper presents review on various modulation and coding scheme to improve SNR and BER. Here the various modulation types will be implemented in a single Matlab function that can be called with the appropriate coefficients.

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Water distribution systems constitute a vital part of civil infrastructure. The purpose of a water distribution system is to ensure the supply of water to the users at specified demand.” Water distribution system is a complex system that integrates several spatial features. Therefore, it is needed to use multi- support geographical information system which has capability of storing; managing and analyzing the large data set. The implementation of GIS can not only reduce the time needed for analyzing information but also can ensure a more efficient use of the resource with high flexibility in time and scale. In the field of water distribution system (WDS) analysis, the problems occurs that, survey of area, lying of a pipe lines and location of ESR. So the solution is that with the use of GIS tools. After the use of GIS tools we can get results like node elevation, length of pipes, location of ESR, and also create “inp” files for hydraulic simulation models. The current paper describes the study of various literatures on such a strategy of combining the use of GIS and various hydraulic simulation models like EPANET, WaterCAD etc.

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Borates are compounds that contain boron, a chemical element. Borax is an important compound of borates. The uses of borates to mankind are known form very early times but common use came in the late 19th century when sizable deposits are discovered in USA, Turkey, and Russia. Borate minerals are now used extensively worldwide in chemical, glass, ceramics, LCD, high-yield crop fertilizers, wood preservatives and speciality products. Majority of the world production of borates is coming from USA and Turkey where thorough exploration has been done and significant deposits are discovered. Many regions especially in Asian and European countries like India, China are yet to be fully explored for commercial mining of borates. Puga valley of Ladakh in India is one of the examples. Preliminary exploration has been carried out in this region by Geological Survey of India (GSI) during 1970s but afterward no one has looked into the exploration and economic significance of this area. Ample scope exists for exploration in this region. Asian countries, in fact, are driving the consumption growth of borates swiftly. The demand and supply is completely met by USA and Turkish producers. India is totally dependent on import to meet domestic need and if Puga valley can be put on production scale, it can nourish India’s demand to some extent. In this paper, an attempt has been made to depict exploration potential and economic significance of the Puga borax deposit, Ladakh, India.

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