Data clustering is a data analysis technique that groups data based on a measure of similarity. When data is well clustered the similarities between the objects in the same group are high, while the similarities between objects in different groups are low. The data clustering technique is widely applied in a variety of areas such as bioinformatics, image segmentation and market research. Almost all of the well-known clustering algorithms require input parameters which are hard to determine but have a significant influence on the clustering result. There are many methods to find arbitrary shaped clusters. DBSCAN(Density Based Spatial Clustering with Noise) is an example of clustering algorithms. This method is able to not only detect communities of arbitrary size and shape, but also identify hubs and outliers. However, it needs user to specify a minimum similarity Ɛ and a minimum cluster size μ to define clusters, and is sensitive to the parameter Ɛ which is hard to determine. To overcome this method, proposed a novel density based network clustering method called graph-based clustering (gClu). The main objective of the proposed system is to form clusters from a core connected tree with maximum accuracy.

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The present researches and surveys done by various national and international agencies reported that Indian economy has more preferable because of its global competitiveness on cost, capacity, quality and delivery attributes. The present government ruling in India, initialize the concept of Make-in-India a year-back with an objective to transform India from the 2nd largest population country into a vibrant economy. Due to this, almost all the big entrepreneur’s across the world wants to serve for Indian economy. Make-in-India concept has the vision of skilled India through a strong interaction between Indian academic sector with the industrial sector. Almost all the developed country in the world has relied on the fact that the real life problems can be solved only and only with the collaboration of academicians with the practitioners. Therefore, it becomes essential for the academic sector to revise their curriculums to cater the need for the present competition in the Industrial sector. The zero-defect zero-effect is the well-known phenomenon of the lean manufacturing process (especially the total productive maintenance) will help to identify and satisfy the present customer demand. The present industrial sector has focused on optimum utilization of the resources within and outside the organization. The academic sector will help to derive the concept of pull production system for the complex manufacturing and marketing setups.

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Industries come ahead with wireless networks for transmission of information due to high cable cost. Wireless Sensor Network consists of large number of sensor nodes; to monitor these nodes at all time is intricate process. The transaction in wireless sensor networks is insecure and therefore we accompany with encryption processes. The encryption is a tedious process and therefore it consumes large power apart from transmission of data. To overcome large power consumption and protection of data we enhance with Stop Transmit and Listen (STL) scheme combined with Cognitive Radio system. STL is a simple and an effective scheme to detect malicious node. Every node has its own built-in time to stop their transmission. During transmission every node stops their transmission for few seconds and listens for any malicious behavior. If an intruder transmits in non-transmitting time then it is caught by their neighbor nodes in the network. Cognitive radio utilizes the radio spectrum more efficiently for prevailing conditions of communications. It helps in selection of frequency band, type of modulation and power levels. Apart from these when an eavesdropper overhears data while transmitting it can be avoided by means of analyzing secrecy capacity. Secrecy capacity is known to be the difference between channel capacity of main link and wiretap link of wireless transmission. When the secrecy capacity fluctuates, we able to predict that data transmitted are intercepted.

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The robots plays a major role in the agricultural field and it is expected that they perform the operations autonomously. The robot performs the operations such as planting, irrigation, fertilization, monitoring and harvesting of a vegetable of any kind. The existing robots perform these functions separately. Due to this the time consumption and the cost of each technique is high. To overcome this problem, the project is proposed to integrate all these functions into a single robot. The Atmel ATMEGA2560 and the Atmel ATMEGA8 microcontrollers are used. The sharp sensor is used for monitoring the plant growth. IR sensor is used to detect the insect in the plant, if found. The software required are AVR ATMEL STUDIO 6.0 and AVR Boot loader. The automation in the agriculture could help the farmers to reduce their efforts and also the time consumption is reduced.

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To design and build a multipurpose robotic vehicle that can move in various environments. i.e.; it can travel in soft surface as well as through rough terrains. An ARM based controller IC LPC2148 is the microcontroller used here. It controls and co-ordinate all the process in very effective, fast and real time way. It basically consists of a group of sensor arrays that can measure various parameters. Which are metal detector, gas sensor and moisture sensor. That is because it can be used for a number of applications like in the areas of agriculture, defence, aerospace, industrial purpose and in rescue operations, etc., the rover also consists of a robotic arm which can used to pick and place the objects. GPS based navigation system is another advantage of the project. The entire system works with the help of solar energy. A 16*2 LCD display and web-camera are interfaced with the microcontroller. Omni directional rotation also provided with in 2D plane. The tracking of the rover is controlled by using Zigbee module with PC

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Cloud computing is the widely used technology in computer world because of its services like platform, storage, infrastructure which are free of cost. Cloud computing adopts client-server architecture to provider services as and when it is needed. Because of high capacity of storage and ease of access, every organization and individual uses cloud database for storage. As it is internet dependent technology, Security is a big and critical issues to use the potential of this facility. It is a challenge to find the way in order to provide security while uploading and downloading file from cloud. To address this security issues in many application, we introduce a methodology called three layer securing of banking data in cloud using cryptographic algorithms. We are using DSA, AES algorithms and SSO for encryption for uploading and reverse procedure while downloading file from cloud. The information security has become one of the most significant problems in data communication. So it becomes an inseparable part of data communication. In order to address this problem, cryptography and SSO can be combined. This paper proposes a secure communication system. It employs cryptographic algorithms that would make banking online smooth and safe.

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Factors such as food consumption levels, water intake, ingestion rate, and diet affect weight and resulted to overweight. A non-invasive monitoring of swallowing method is developed to study ingestive behavior. In this paper we have taken review of this method and proposed a system which recognize nutrition intake using piezoelectric sensor. Sensor detects swallows (skin motion) and gives output voltage. The sensor output is then transmitted to mobile. Android application is developed to analyze sensor output and classify food types also provides feedback to the user to control their food habits.

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This paper shows the range of resolutions, conversion method, encoding method, conversion time, size, advantages and disadvantages available for flash, sigma-delta, successive approximation, dual slope and pipeline converters. For a better result, there is a requirement to develop ADC that improves both high speed and resolution. There are a lots of architectures of analog to digital converters. The Sigma Delta conversion principle played a promising role in solving the problem of noise free bandwidth and resolution.

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Due to rapid urbanization over the last decade there has been a steep rise in the volume of traffic in Surat. This has led to congested and jams packed roads. Simply to walk is a challenging exercise in this area especially in peak hours and weekends. Walkability provides safety, comfort and security for the city resident. It will increase use of public transit, decrease car dependence, increase pedestrian, lead to cleaner air. Walking is most fundamental human activity that provides a connection between activities and other transportation mode. With the burgeoning traffic, the lives of pedestrians are highly endangered. So the need of the hour is to provide a safe environment for pedestrians without any conflicts with other modes of transportation. The Bhaga Tvlav Main Road is CBD area of Surat City. The street of Bhaga Talav Main Road of Surat City is almost choked by mixed traffic, usually by Para transits and personalized two/four wheelers. Dense urban corridors and existence of busy commercial set ups are visible along major road. A visitors questionnaire survey will be carry out in the Bhaga Talav Main Road of Surat city which is residential cum commercial area. Observational data collection was also done to determine pedestrian and vehicle volumes and a mapping exercise to determine the location and quantity of parking for two-wheelers and four-wheelers in and around this area. The research finally reveals that there are opportunities to make area as walkable or no.

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Among the challenges that we face in our day to day life one of the most unavoidable challenge is parking our car wherever we go. As our need increases our travelling increases but due to drastic increase in usage of automobiles and increased population we face the tough task of parking our car particularly during the busiest hours of the day. During peak hours most of the reserved parking area gets full and ultimately the user has to search for his/her parking among other parking area creating more traffic and leaves them with no indication on the availability of parking space. To overcome this problem there is a need of a designed parking in commercial environment. The aim of this paper is to propose a design of a smart car parking system commanded by an android application that reserves the parking slot in the parking area and displays the availability of parking slot in the parking area on the lcd display. We also hereby present the results obtained and finally, focus on the future advancements of the project.

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In tea production process, CTC machine (cut, tear, curl) plays a vital role in the quality of tea produced. CTC machine has two rollers which rotate at different speeds are cut, tear and curled to required shape. The overloading happens due to the stagnation of the leaves in the conveyor by the improper spreading, due to the stones and other foreign materials present during plucking and due to the improper interface between the CTC and withering machine. Due to the overloading of the leaves by the above said reasons, the rollers of the CTC machine gets jammed disengaging of the rollers must be done manually, which incurs loss in production time, damage of the teeth of rollers etc. This project describes the development of an auto tripping mechanism which automatically disengage the rollers at the time of overloading to minimize the discomfort mentioned above and to develop a miniature of the CTC machine with all the parts of it and to incorporate the above said auto trip mechanism in it.

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Water is necessary requirement for the all living beings. It is even impossible to imagine existence of living being on earth without water. So water is one of the most valuable resources of the nature. But on the earth at major locations this resource is easily and cheaply available.so compare to other resources we are using water resource very carelessly. At present condition water is sufficiently available to satisfy the consumption of water. But with respect to time the population of humans is going to be increase and per capita requirement is also being increase but the source of potable water is being decrease. This situation will cause the scarcity of water. Many defence experts believe that the reason behind third world war will be water. This shows the level of scarcity of water in future. To avoid this level of scarcity it is necessary to decrease consumption of the water. We cannot reduce the genuine consumption of water. But there is large quantity of water which we are consuming unnecessarily. This unnecessary consumption of water can be eliminate and large quantity of can be saved in future.so it is necessary to identify this unnecessary consumption of water. The major quantity of water is unnecessarily utilized in urban areas. And to identify this unnecessary consumption in urban areas the total consumption of urban area is divided into three sectors which are 1) domestic sector 2) industrial sector and 3) commercial sector. So in this research unnecessary consumption of water in all three sectors is identified in Ahmedabad city. And total quantity of water wasted by this unnecessary consumption is calculated

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Awareness towards a clean environment is growing day by day and at the same time waste materials are not permitting to achieve a clean environment. So in our project, fine aggregate is replaced by copper slag and coarse aggregate is replaced by discarded tyres. Because the copper slag has a same particle size and physical properties similar to the fine aggregate. By the use of discarded tyres in Brick it reduces the self weight of the concrete.The grade of concrete used is M35 and the size of the mould is 20cmx10cmx10cm. Size of the Brick is 19cmx9cmx9cm. By the replacement of 0% to 100% of copper slag (by weight) as replacement of fine aggregate. And by the replacement of 0% to 50% of fly ash (by weight) as replacement for the cement. And the coarse aggregate is fully replaced by discarded tyres. And then the Compressive Strength of the brick is obtained. Optimum value of compressive strength is identified and then the soundness test, Hardness test, Absorption test are to be conducted.

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This paper discuss of literature review of different materials on EDM. Today EDM has major contribution in industries. Basically EDM is automated operating machine which are based on code letters, numbers and special characters.

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This paper deals with the comparative performance of available switching circuits for ac loads and optocoupler based switching circuit. The characteristics of the components involved in switching and the efficiency of the components are discussed. The thyristor based relay circuit is one of the most commonly used relays. The performance comparison is analyzed using multisim software. The performance and ratings of a 230Vac lamp connected to a switching circuit are compared, to arrive to a conclusion, that optocoupler based circuit is much more efficient and cost effective than thyristor based relay switching circuits.

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This Desktop application provides a new technique of casting votes using Digital computer. Virtual voting system is an application developed for Desktop devices to deploy an easy and flexible way of casting votes anytime and from anywhere. The application is developed for voters to get votes for any candidate. The instruction about election process are fed into the system by the admin. Voters can then cast their vote as selecting one of the candidate. One voter can only post one vote. Each and every vote casted is stored in the database for the respective candidate. At the end of the voting process the system counts the total votes and generates a brief report of it to the admin. Thus the app helps the voters to get proper result of the election.

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Due to bad weather conditions the visibility of outdoor images is ruined. Haze and fog are responsible for this, as they absorb the light and spread in the environment. Haze is the slight obscuration of atmosphere, due to which the clarity of the image is degraded. This paper introduces the enhancement in the visibility of the single degraded image. The information from two or more input, images to generate solitary containing more accurate information of the scene than the resources images. There are three parameters: luminance, chromaticity and saliency, the vital features of image are filtered to maintain the good visibility regions. Specific measures followed by Laplacian and Gaussian pyramid representation, are used to weight the derived image to reduce the artifacts. Eventually the resultant image will improve as compared to the resource images. Computer vision, Image processing, automatic object detection, parallel and distributed processing, remote sensing and robotics are the domains in which several studies and research has been completed. The paper demonstrates the virtue and potency of fusion based way of dehazing applied on single degraded image which is altered. The virtue of our method illustrates to give relatively better results than the more complex pre-existing techniques.

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Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) aim to generate automated system for the continuous inspection, monitoring and damage identification of structural with least manpower and labor involvement. The first stage to establish a SHM system is to incorporate a level of sensing and cording capability that is reliable and possess long term stability. Smart material/sensor. Technology including the application of Piezoelectric sensors have very important capabilities of continuous monitoring and damage detecting of various physical and mechanical parameters related to health and service life of the structures. In this presented review paper piezoelectric sensor or can act as smart material which can serve both sensors and actuators which make the SHM to be active monitoring system. These advance sensing technologies are now available and progressively increasing and can be widely utilized for the SHM of civil engineering structures. In this paper the application of smart material/sensors for the continuous monitoring of structures is critically reviewed and the major focuses on the approaches of SHM based on piezoelectric sensors.

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