The slope stability is a very important problem in geotechnical engineering. Slope stability analysis using computers is an easy task for engineers when the slope configuration and the soil parameters are known. However, the selection of the slope stability analysis method is not an easy task and effort should be made to collect the field conditions and the failure observations in order to understand the failure mechanism, which determines the slope stability method that should be used in the analysis. Two dimensional slope stability methods are the most common used methods among engineers due to their simplicity. Today, both limit equilibrium method (LEM) and finite element method (FEM) based software are commonly used in geotechnical computations. In this paper, an attempt has been made to compile the available slope stability software information. A list of software available for the slope stability analysis is presented in this paper. Also a brief introduction and working principles of the software is discussed.

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It is an experimental study of Compressive strength of high, low and Fly Ash bricks by pertaining the mortar mix constant. Hypothesis of the study is that under compressive loading masonry prism of fly ash bricks compared to low class brick with leaner mortar mix would explicit relatively better performance. The water absorption capacity, efflorescence, compressive strength of bricks was determined in this test. The comparison of Fly Ash brick with low class and high class brick in terms of water absorption capacity and efflorescence gave desirable results. Indeed the Fly Ash brick is not only an eco-friendly choice but also low energy consuming product.

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High speed data transmission in optical fiber limited by the linear and nonlinear impairments. Here, we have demonstrated the simulation of coherent 100 Gbps PDM-QPSK. Nonlinearity is more dominant factor to limit the performance of the high speed optical communication. Nonlinearity of system introduce in propagation due to nonlinear behavior of the optical signal because it always follow the Non linear Schrödinger equation in fiber during propagation. It is possible to compensate the linear and nonlinear impairments by DSP (Digital Signal Processing) algorithm.. In this paper we analyze the effect of the nonlinearity based on DSP module. Here we measure the performance of 2×1 100 Gbps PDM-QPSK systems with Nonlinear compensator (NLC) and without NLC. The performance of system is approximately same for with and without NLC at shorter distance. But, for long distance performance of system is degraded without NLC. Nonlinear behavior of optical signal combat by split step Fourier method which is part of Back propagation.

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Shaft is an important machine element and is required to design with extreme accuracy of well-functioning of a machine. The shaft is generally acted upon by bending moment, torsion and axial force. A spindle is a short rotating shaft. Spindles are used in all machine tools such as the small drive shaft of a lathe or the spindle of a drilling machine. There is a requirement of some specific machines to have a spindle in inclined position. Determination of loads acting on shaft and angle of inclination of shaft is an important task during design. We have taken maximum shear stress theory into consideration. It also generates the diagrams for horizontal, vertical and resultant bending moments over the lengths of the shaft. In this paper we used “CREO PARAMETRIC” software for modeling and “ANSYS” for checking failure of a design. ANSYS is used extensively for checking the stresses in a component and deflection of shaft gives complete idea of displacement of component. It is accurate and also has a number of built in functions which makes it versatile. As different computer software are used shaft design becomes easy, fast and error free.

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Cloud computing is growing rapidly and more users are attracted towards utility computing, better and fast services needs to be provided. It is a technique which is required to distribute the dynamic workload across multiple nodes. For better management load distribution techniques are required. Load distribution is an important aspect of cloud computing environment. The main aim of load distribution is to minimize the resources, makes the cloud computing more efficient, improves performance, increase scalability and improve user satisfaction. To make better load distribution strategy this paper brings into use an algorithm that applies game theory concepts for the cloud segregation. Cloud segregation is a sub area of the public cloud which is used to manage this large cloud.

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This Paper contains introduction to safety and arming mechanism for Fuzes used in mortars. Presently this development process is carried out by using Reverse Engineering route. This invention relates to fuze having a mechanical delay device. The device also arms the ordnance section at the proper time through sensing that a predetermined set of conditions. The S&A device will provoke the explosives to initiate when the munitions senses that it has either hit or is in close proximity to the target. A safety and arming mechanism where in spinning as well as sliding member is held in an out-of-line position to align the explosive fuze train after the delay required. Actuator is activated when delay period is completed, arming the munition. An actuator releases the sliding member and moves the sliding member, which contains a stab detonator, to align and completing the fuze train towards a firing pin. Occurrence of arming and detonating occur instantly at same moment when the explosive train is completed and the stab detonator is impaled on the firing pin.

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In this paper, a concept of accurate fault location algorithm for SCL using synchronized data from phasor measurement unit is presented. This algorithm note the PMU synchronized measurements and not depends on the data to be provided by the utility. The line parameters and Thevenin’s equivalent (TE) of the system at SCL terminals are calculated online, using three independent sets of pre-fault phasor measurements. The accuracy of fault location is performed with respect to fault location/position, types of fault, fault angle. The accuracy of the algorithm is simulated in MATLAB for 150-KV transmission line with 9-bus system.

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This paper presents the novel combination of ZSI with boost and buck boost converter. The proposed topologies have the advantages of low voltage stress, lower voltage gain and high power density. This uses only three switches and control method is also simple. In addition to that the step up in input side and inversion in output side is completely separated. The operating principle is explained and the circuits have been simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK.

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Sandwich panels are used to design and construction of lightweight transportation systems such as satellite, missiles structural weight saving is the major consideration and sandwich panels are frequently used instead of increasing material thickness. This type of construction consists of thin two facing layers separated by a core material. Potential materials for sandwich facings are aluminum alloys, high tensile steels, titanium and composites depending on the specific mission requirement. Several types of core shapes and core material have been applied to the construction of sandwich structures. Among them, the honeycomb core that consists of very thin foils in the form of hexagonal cells perpendicular to the facings is the most popular. The conventional single skin structure, which is of single plates reinforced with main frames and stiffeners normally necessitates a fair amount of welding, and has a considerable length of weld seams. Further, the lighter but thinner plates employed tend to increase weld distortions that may in some cases require more fabrication work to rectify. More weld seams also mean a greater number of fatigue initiation locations as well. Honeycomb sandwich construction, with a honeycomb core is sandwiched by two outer facing skins is better able to cope with such difficulties. Disclosed is a light weight honey comb structure that comprises a top panel and bottom panel and large celled honey comb layer disposed between the top and bottom panels. The honey comb panel structure according to the present invention can be used in such applications as a sound absorbing pay load shroud for launching vehicles, flooring and walls in aerospace applications, aircraft wings and in structures that will be exposed to high heat.

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Biodiesel is a fuel alternative for diesel and promises energy security in transportation system. Various studies shows that biodiesel-fuelled engines produce less carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon, and smoke compared to diesel fuel but higher nitrogen oxide emissions. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is effective to reduce NO_X from diesel engines because it lowers the flame temperature and the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber. The present study explores the potential of artificial neural network to predict the NO_X emission of single cylinder four stroke C.I. engine fuelled with biodiesel under varying percentage of EGR. The major objective of this paper is to illustrate how ANN technique might play an important role in modeling and optimization of the NO_X emission of CI engine fuelled with Jatropha seed oil and also to understand the effect of varying percentage of EGR on CI engine emission.

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This project presents the outcome of an experimental program aimed to investigate the flexural behaviour of externally plated reinforced concrete beams. A total of four beams were tested in this program. The beams were designed to fail in flexure. Then, they were strengthened using various configurations of steel strips and angles which have been connected by the weld and bonded to the beams by epoxy adhesive. Test results revealed an enhancement in the bending resistance of the strengthened beams, particularly in the post-yield range of loading due to partial composite effect. The pattern of steel strips played a significant role in the behavior of the strengthened beams. The failure of beam due to peeling of steel plates has been avoided. The load carrying capacity of the strengthened beams has been increased as compared to the control beam.

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Interactive educational applications becoming the medium for learning and increases the children’s ability to learn quickly. Microsoft kinect sensor which is motion sensing device, used to develop number of applications. In this paper we concentrated on developing only educational applications using kinect. Also comparison is done with other motion sensing and other devices used in the field of education and shown that kinect has the better potential. In this research, we propose new educational applications for children which provide interactive learning.

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The goal of our work is to propose a multiplier with fast estimation and less power consumption using adiabatic logic and to evaluate its performance in case of sequential circuits and effect upon cascaded stages. In our current work we have designed a more power efficient, Tree Multiplier i.e. Wallace Multiplier structure with especially power efficient Full adders designed with Energy recovery logic(Adiabatic). Main advantage of this logic is greater speed and minimum power requirement. It is preferable to the arithmetic circuits. Power consumption of full adder with adiabatic style is lesser than the full adder designed without adiabatic logic. The power consumption of Adiabatic Wallace multiplier is get reduced from Wallace tree multiplier without adiabatic logic by about 89% .We have designed the circuit on 90nm technology using Tanner EDA Tool 13.0.

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A Wireless Sensor Node is not only used to collect the sensed information like temperature, humidity, pressure of remotely placed node but also communicate with other nodes in the network. To recharge these nodes, secondary batteries are employed. But persistently recharging this batteries and substitute of these discharged batteries gives heavy load on the network. Energy harvesting from the renewable sources can solve this problem. Energy harvesting is process of drawn out the energy from the sustainable sources which is then converted to electricity. But due to environmental restriction energy obtained from single source may not be efficient. Difficulty occurs with solar panel is if the sensors are established inside room or if there is lack of sun exposure and with wind generators is that they are too large,bulky and are costly if the size has to be reduced. Hence proposed system is designed to provide hybrid power supply to wireless sensor node which could stay charged by generating self-power.

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Two stage evaporative cooler is one of the most efficient and environmental friendly in use. In our experimental set up we made use of two types of evaporative cooling technologies i.e; Direct and indirect evaporative cooling. The water from the upper tank of cooler is made to flow from the copper tubes the heat exchanger channels which are at certain distance from the evaporative pads and pass to the aspen pads. We also design storage box for storing perishable vegetables. This concept is widely used from domestic to industrial application.

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In enterprise system Role-based access control is widely used because it's important for representing the functional hierarchy in different organizations for access control system. The research is for the “Context Aware Role Based Protocol for Cooperative Work” that considers the cooperative environment relationship for any type of permission assignment and delegation. Relationship between users is one of the significant context information, but while developing previous access control mechanisms it is not taking in mind. Proposed access control system focuses mainly on relationship among users. Users who are interested in cooperative work are able to assign or delegate his/her permission easily and securely. Proposed system considers contextual information as the relationship among users. As a result, the Access Control Authority can manage fine-grained access control policies for cooperative work in an organization.

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In Modern Base station, at the transmitter side, a power amplifier is used to increase the signal power and allow longer distance transmission. The rapid growth in wireless communications and radar applications creates many challenges in performance of power amplifiers. Microwave L band is very useful in Long Distance Radar, Private Radio, Navigation system and Mobile communication so it is desirable to use high efficiency Power amplifier at transmitter side because most of power dissipation take place at active devices used in amplifier. In this paper Class E Switched mode topology is discussed because of high efficiency and low switching loss.

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Experimental investigation of heat transfer coefficient of CuO/Water nanofluid are reported in this paper. The heat transfer coefficient of the CuO/water was measured with the help of single cylinder diesel engine. The nanofluid was prepared by dispersing a CuO nanoparticle in deionized water. CuO/water nanofluid with a nominal diameter of 25nm at different volume concentrations (3, 4 & 5 vol.%) at room temperature were used for this investigations. This experimental result showed that the convective heat transfer coefficient increases with an increase in concentration of nanoparticle in the fluid and also increase with increasing the liquid flow rate.

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An innovative system intended for monitoring of the elderly and those in emergency situations using a wearable wireless sensor. This system uses an ultra – low power system interface with continuous tracking. Heart rate and Acceleration of the wearer are measured for real – time monitoring. It can be attached to any accessory worn by the user in connection with the human body. A microswitch is embedded in it for a manual interface in case the wearer is conscious. The device functions intelligently and unobtrusively at the same time giving the user a peace of mind that their safety is being monitored.

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The research on alternative fuels for internal combustion engine has become essential due to depletion of petroleum products and its major contribution for pollutants, where Natural gas is one of the most promising fuel alternatives for the future. Most of the BIOGAS fuelled vehicles in India are aftermarket retrofitted conversions from the existing SI engine vehicles. it is found that power produced by the BIOGAS engine is 8-14% less compare to Gasoline engine. To increase the performance of the Bi-fuel engine there are many parameter which can be optimized. One of them is ignition energy. BIOGAS because of high ignition temperature and low flame speed compare to gasoline for complete combustion higher ignition energy is required. The objective of this research is to improve engine performance and emissions of BIOGAS fuelled SI engine by optimize ignition energy. The Performance and emission both decreased when engine was made to run on BIOGAS instead of Petrol. The review of this study can contribute important data for the design and optimization of spark-ignited engine fuelled by BIOGAS for performance enhancement and emission reduction.

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Experimental investigation of C.I engine performance by using tyre pyrolysis oil is reported in this paper. Therefore in the present investigation the oil taken is the tyre pyrolysis oil which was obtained by the pyrolysis of the waste automobile tyres. In the initial stage the test were conducted on four stroke single cylinder diesel engine by using diesel and base line data was generated. Investigation carried out by using tyre pyrolysis oil blended with diesel in different proportions such as T10, T20 and T30 to find out the performance parameters and emissions. This experimental result show that optimum value of emission and performance achieved at 10% diesel blend and with 20 and 30 % diesel blend the performance decreases and emission increases as compare to 10% diesel blend.

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Due to the rising cost of non-renewable energy sources and because of energy shortage green gas effect it is more important to utilize the renewable energy sources such as solar power. This paper presents non isolated high boost ratio dc-dc converter with hybrid transformer for low voltage renewable energy sources. The proposed converter utilizes a hybrid transformer to transfer inductive and capacitive energy simultaneously, achieving a high boost ratio with a smaller sized magnetic component. The turn off loss of the switch is reduced, increasing the efficiency of the converter under all load conditions. By changing the input voltage stresses on the active switch and diodes are maintained at a low level and are independent as a result of the converter. The effectiveness of the proposed converter was experimentally verified using a 220 W prototype circuit Utilizing an input voltage ranging from 20V to 45V and a load range of 30W to 220W,the experimental results show system of efficiencies greater than 96% with a peak efficiency of 97.4% at 35V input. Due to high system efficiency as well as ability to operate with a wide variable input voltage, the proposed dc-dc converter is an attractive design for alternative low dc voltage sources, such as PV modules and fuel cells.

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Supply chain management is a field of growing importance and interest in every business, There are many successing factor (Enablers) which supply chain practices and the author tries to explore the same. In this paper, successing factors belonging to different sectors, faced by different types of business, are tabulated with the help of literature review. These enablers will be analysed through survey method Interpretive structural model (ISM) will be used to prepare a model. The most powerful enabler, which hinders the supply chain, will be found. The conceptual framework of enabler will be helpful to managers for decision making, with respect to SCM practices, in their respective organization.

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The scope of the project is to Enhancing Flight Data Monitoring & Analysis Can Increase Flight Safety assists an operator to identify, quantify, assess and address operational risks. This analysis can be effectively used to support a range of airworthiness and operational safety tasks. The scope of this project is to de-code the recorded avionics parameter of interest based on the OEM’s recommendation by using the logical extraction of data from the data frame of the recorder based on ARINC standard and Air born software standard. This project involves different processes from Data down loading from the DFDR, Raw data extraction, Optimum Parameter configuration, Logical Event configuration, Logical calculation of various flight scenarios, Comparison with FCOM, Flight Health monitoring, Exceedance Analysis based on regulatory guidance, Statistical analysis of various avionics parameter’s impact on flight safety. The recommendation and solution found will be represented by various graphs and chart. Graphs of the checked parameters to show their evolution during cruise, take-off and landing phases of a same flight and an analysis of the validity of parameters based on graphs and corresponding tables, A check on the chronological structure of the complete recording, based on the aircraft flight history. It will be used for identifying and defining the risk index, and the inclusion and exclusion of the necessary maintenance programs based on the OEM.

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Network Security has become the key foundation with the tremendous increase in usage of network-based services and information sharing on networks. Intrusion poses a serious risk to the network security and compromise integrity, confidentiality & availability of the computer and network resources. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the looms to detect attacks and anomalies in the network. Data mining technique has been widely applied in the network intrusion detection system by extracting useful knowledge from large number of network data. In this paper a hybrid model is proposed to maximize the effectiveness in identifying attacks that integrates Anomaly based Intrusion detection technique with Signature based Intrusion detection technique is divided into two stages. In first stage, the network traffic anomaly detection (NETAD) which is anomaly based IDS is combined with the signature based IDS SNORT which is an open-source project. In second stage, Entropy for network features is used for feature reduction and data mining techniques “k-means + CART”, to cascade k-means clustering and CART (Classification and Regression Trees) for classifying normal and abnormal activities. The hybrid IDS model is evaluated using KDD Cup Dataset.

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