Mahesana district is facing presently acute ground water problem. Day-by-day ground water level is going down requiring systematic study for the delineation of aquifers in the area. It has been observed that ground water level of unconfined aquifer has gone below 400m depth at most of the places. Ground water table is going down by 2 to 4 meters per year. Mahesana area is almost flat and it is occupied by mainly alluvial soil consisting of sand, silt and clay. Sub surface geohydrological conditions have been evaluated with the help of drilling data in GIS environment using Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics technology. Various thematic layers like Landuse, Geology, Soil, Drainage etc. have been prepared and integrated with the subsurface groundwater data for the assessment and evaluation of ground water conditions of the area.

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Water quality indexing is a means to convert raw data from the field to results that can be utilized by the user. It will provide you with information on just how good your water is for a broad range of applications. A water quality index (WQI-SS) developed by the Canadian council of ministers of the Environment (CCME) was applied to upper Thirumanimuttar Sub Basin Cauvery River South India to study its impact on the protection of aquatic life. The quality index in the study area is rated and discussed in this paper. Thirty groundwater samples were collected during Post monsoon Season of 2013 covering Upper Thirumanimuttar sub basin of Cauvery River South India .Water samples were collected and chemically analysed using Standard Procedures. The concentration of major cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) , anions (HCO3,Cl,NO3,SO4) and the parameters like pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), as per the standard sampling procedures in the Water Samples were determined The water quality index assessed the suitability of ground water in the study area for various purposes like Drinking, Aquatic, Recreation, irrigation and livestock. The obtained index value is ranging from 27 to 100, 100 for recreation and 27 for irrigation, 71 for aquatic, 55 for drinking, 67 for livestock and 51 for overall.

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The concept of this paper briefs about how the under pedestrian tunnel is more suitable and benefit compared to the over pedestrian bridges built nowadays. The under pedestrian tunnel shown in the paper is of the highway where more pedestrians and moving vehicles exist. The under pedestrian tunnel is mainly built for the pedestrians safety as well as for giving them convenient relaxation to reach their destinations. This is the most suitable and conceptual thinking of a perfect civil engineer when the factor of area is more concerned. With the use of this under pedestrian tunnel the pedestrian can travel to larger distances with less efforts. The pedestrian can easily save time while using this pedestrian tunnel to reach the desired destination as compared to over pedestrian bridges.

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The monitoring of defense vehicles is very much important, because these vehicles are costly at the same time very much important. This paper provides a real time solution for such vehicles and also an effective authentication for the driver to use the vehicle assigned to him by controlling the ignition of the engine. The authentication is provided by using the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology, in which the RFID tag has to be placed on the RFID reader which continuously reads the data and authenticates. In case of usage of wrong tag, the ignition system will be turned OFF using relays. The communication link is established by using the GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) module through which the messages can be sent and received. The tracking of vehicle is made possible using the GPS (Global Positioning System) technology which sends the exact co-ordinates of vehicle position. The received co-ordinates are extracted and the place is identified on the map using the front end. The GPS fencing is made in which the position of vehicle whether inside or outside the territory can be notified. The speed monitoring is also established using the GPS packet extracted. The speed limit can be set dynamically from the headquarters and on crossing these speed limits the warning will be given and engine will be turned off after a certain delay. The engine heat is also monitored using the temperature sensor and overheat condition will be reported to the headquarters and also engine will be turned off and allowed to cool down. The database of driver is maintained at the headquarters to evaluate the performance of driver.

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Use of embedded system demanded more day by day in Automotive Electronics sector for applications in car. Airbags, ABS, ESP, ECU, ESP, climate control & more are the common features of most luxuries cars. Providing full assistance to the driver for the distance from other vehicle and while lane detection is the main use of Intelligent driver assistance system. To detect the white lane and distance between obstacle and car Video Streaming is taken by camera in this system. SD card is used to store streamed video for processing by using Python. Image substraction method used to detect lane detection from the video. Small Robot is used as demo module and one is pilot car it acts as obstacle in all possible direction to design the system. Obstacle detector sensors are used to detect the obstacle in front and rear direction of the system Ultrasonic sensor it acts as the obstacle detector to detect the any obstacle within the range of 4 meters. In Driver assistance system provide the full assistance to the driver by detecting the white lane by processing the video using Python script and obstacle is detect by using Ultrasonic sensor module. Display that consist of TFT screen is used to display video and the distance between obstacle and car in meter. System implemented on the new platform Raspberry Pi Development Board having ARM1176-JFZS core & BCM Audio-Video Codec.

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The volume of tyre rubber wastes is increasing at a fast rate. At present the disposal of waste tyres is becoming a major waste management problem in the world. It is estimated that 1.2 billion of waste tyre rubber produced globally per year. The non-biodegradable nature of the rubber and the consequent disposal problem has led to a serious environmental issue in the recent decades. In India the disposal of waste tyre in landfills is a major issue handled by local municipalities and government sectors. Using this waste material in concrete can solve these problems. The use of recycled tyre rubber as partial aggregate in concrete has great potential to positively affect the properties of concrete in a wide spectrum and result in economy. This experimental study is conducted to analyze the behavior of concrete when fine aggregate is partially replaced with crumbed tyre rubber. Compressive strength was measured in concrete mixes with 5%, 8% and 10% substitution of natural fine aggregate by crumbed rubber along with partial replacement of coarse aggregate by recycled aggregates respectively at their optimum levels as known from previous researches.

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Pre-cast cement concrete paver blocks is solid and unreinforced these material is a versatile, aesthetically attractive, functional, cost effective; if correctly manufactured and laid it requires little maintenance. Paver blocks can be used for different traffic categories i.e. Non-traffic, Light-traffic, Medium-traffic, Heavy-traffic and Very heavy traffic. In present study work paver blocks of M-35 grade of 60mm thickness for light traffic with varying percentage of nylon fiber (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% & 0.5%) is used to improve the compressive strength is casted. After finding optimum percentage of nylon fiber, the same is used as constant and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) in varying percentage (10%, 20% & 30%) is added (as cement replacement) to examine the changes in compressive strength of paver block. It has been found that using Nylon Fiber increases the compressive strength up to 18.86% when we use Nylon fiber upto 0.3%, as compared to conventional mixture; and Nylon Fiber makes the blocks more opaque as compare to other paver blocks and The optimum dose of 20 % of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) gives maximum strength of paver block.

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Fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) are increasingly being considered as an enhancement to and or substitute for infrastructure components or systems that are constructed of traditional civil engineering materials, namely concrete and steel. FRP composites are lightweight, no-corrosive, exhibit high specific strength and specific stiffness, are easily constructed, and can be tailored to satisfy performance requirements. Due to these advantageous characteristics, FRP composites have been included in new construction and rehabilitation of structures through its use as reinforcement in concrete, bridge decks, modular structures, formwork, and external reinforcement for strengthening and seismic upgrade. Fiber Reinforced polymer is a composite material which have many advantages and disadvantages on concrete structures.

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A zombie is a computer connected to the internet that has been compromised by a hacker, computer virus or Trojan horse and can be used to perform malicious tasks of one sort or another under remote direction. Botnets of zombie computers are often used to spread e-mail spam and launch denial-of-service attacks. Most owners of zombie computers are unaware that their system is being used in this way. Because the owner tends to be unaware, these computers are metaphorically compared to zombies. These compromised machines send a lot of spam messages on the internet. Such machines result in spamming attacks, DDOS attacks, identity theft which result in different kind of losses to the victim. Spamming botnets is the network of compromised machines involved in spamming. The SPOT, the sequential probability ratio test is used for detecting the compromised machines. SPRT is used since the error rate produced is infinitesimally small and the number of observations required to deciding whether a machine is compromised or not is also small. It helps in observing the outgoing messages from a machine in a network. Out of a large number of machines in a network only a few of them are not compromised. For an instance, out of 440 internal IP addresses SPOT identifies 132 of them as being compromised. This system has been developed for system administrators for monitoring the machines in a network.

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The Kaizen management is improving the process step by step continually, and it affects productivity, efficiency, quality. The Kaizen method acknowledged as method of improvements applied to key processes will improve the major of company’s operating cost, build a way to obtain the clients loyalty and adherence. Kaizen represent the small incremental improvement steps towards the journey of continual improvement of an organization. The paper presents in a concrete way a study regarding the application of these concepts in a real organization which builds its business success on the phenomenon called knowledge.

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Mathematical evaluation is done by using Matlab and two parameters such as the porosity and thermal diffusivity of the fluid in a porous fin is done for satisfying a given temperature distribution. In order to derive heat transfer equation, energy balance and Darcy model are used Only three temperature measurements are assumed to be available on the surface of the fin and prediction of the parameters is calculated by using energy balance to the A domain decomposition method of porous fin. It is shown that the present problem is inherently ill-posed in terms of the retrieval of the value of fluid thermal diffusivity for which many possible solutions exist, which is expected to adapt the fin under different profiles. In the present work, two numerical examples provide thermal distribution into the problem of designing porous fins using good thermal conductors like aluminum and along with the working of ADM (Adomain Decomposition Method). Finally, the efficiency of ADM for the present problem is also shown by comparing its performance with few other optimization methods.

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Data and information are basis for today’s industrial and day to day applications of almost every domain. The volume of data for most of human friendly applications is generally enormous in nature and thus it is mandatory to scale them in pre-defined clusters based on their properties. Data mining has always interested the researchers to characterize the data and is integrated in applications like: Statistics, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, pattern recognition etc. Data mining applications can derive much demographic information concerning customers that was previously not known or hidden in the data. We have recently seen an increase in data mining techniques targeted to such applications as fraud detection, identifying criminal suspects, and prediction of potential terrorists. By and large, data mining systems that have been developed to data for clusters, distributed clusters and grids have assumed that the processors are the scarce resource, and hence shared. When processors become available, the data is moved to the processors. This paper surveys some data mining methods in their actual nature and modifications made in their algorithms for better output in their performance.

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In global environment, welding plays a major important role in manufacturing technology. Gas Metal Arc Welding process (GMAW) dominates other welding processes. The selection of shielding gas is a big challenge in industries. The usages of shielding gases have been increased towards better productivity, good weld quality and better mechanical properties. In this study, the shielding gases like pure CO2 and pure Argon + pure CO2 are used and experimented. The multipass welding is used in this method by four passes procedure. The mechanical properties like tensile strength, impact energy and hardness values were tested in parent metal since it was widely used for most of applications like marine, machine tools and structural applications. The welds produced by the shielding gases pure Argon + pure CO2 gives the better mechanical properties compared to welds produced by the pure CO2 shielding gas.

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This paper reports non-destructive testing conducted on similar MIG welds between mild steel plates. The MIG welds of ms plates were produced at different current, voltage and welding speed. The current was varied between 100,120 and 140 amp while the voltage was varied between 20, 25 and 30volts and welding speed is varied between 1.5,2 and 2.5mm/s. The radiographic testing techniques were employed to conduct the tests; these tests were conducted on the welds to ascertain the joint integrity before characterization to have an idea of the quality of the welds. Radiography technique revealed the presence of incomplete penetration defects and discontinuities in some of the welds. It was found that the welds produced at 140amp, 20volts and 2.5mm/s were the best quality weld.

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Water logging problem occurring in the command area of Mahi Right Bank Canal (MRBC) of Kadana dam has been evaluated using remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Various thematic maps have been prepared such as topography, geohydrology, soil, land use, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and synthesised with the ground water and surface water and collated with irrigation data in GIS environment Major part of MRBC command area is occupied by Alluvium of Sabarmati and Mahi River and most part of the area is flat. Appreciable rise in the sub-soil water level has been observed since 1980 that is after starting irrigation through canal network of MRBC. Now major part of the Kheda district is either affected by water logging and salinization or presently under critical condition requiring immediate remedial measures and suitable management plan. Three talukas of Kheda district namely Matar, Mahudha and Kapadvanj are almost water logged and remaining under critical stage except part of Balasinor and Mehmedabad where water table is still in safe zone. Flat topography (0 to 1° slope), inadequate surface and sub-surface drainage, poor maintenance of existing drainage system, over irrigation and cultivation of more water intensive crops after the operation of canal network are some of major causes of water logging in the area.

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In this present work, Mahua oil a non-edible type is used for studying its suitability in diesel engine and to study the fuel properties such asspecific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, emissions of CO, CO2, NOx, and un-burnt hydrocarbonsof methyl ester of Mahua oil blends with diesel fuel from 20 to 100% by volume and running in a single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. Tests were performed on the diesel engine; various above mentioned properties of these fuels are evaluated and compared to that of conventional diesel fuel.

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In order to increase the efficiency of helium recovery system present in the market, proficient helium recovery system and analysis by computational fluid dynamics provides the comprehensive solution. The present system is used for testing various components like condenser, evaporator, air conditioner connecting tubes etc. This system involves a rubber helium recovery bag and float level indicator with proximity sensor. The overall main leakage of helium is from the rubber bag. The leak is horizontal due to the expansion and contraction of the rubber bag. This existing system with new rubber bag is capable to test few number of components and the components number reduce further due to aging of rubber recovery bag. Thus scheming and fabrication of cast iron recovery tank will retain the components number and will be the best solution for this system. This implementation involves various analysis, sketches, additional equipments and safety equipments.

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Substituting hybrid structures for conventional metallic structures have many advantages because of higher specific stiffness and higher specific strength of hybrid materials. First we will study design of shaft concentrating on critical speed, static torque, and fibre orientation etc. Experimental set up will carried out to find static and dynamic results, torsion behaviour of hybrid drive shaft. Finite element analysis will give us optimal stacking sequence of the product considering the proper interface between the metallic tube and the composite layer.

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Industrial Automation is one of the leading research areas in Embedded Systems. With the advent of new processors and methods of processing, communications and infrastructure, modern industrial automation systems require high real-time control capabilities. Real-time systems are designed to provide a timely response to real world events. FreeRTOS platform is chosen as the implementation platform because it is designed to be simple, portable, and concise and it can as well be used to develop multitasking applications suitable for real time industrial applications.

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In a multi input multi output (MIMO) system bit rate is increased due to multiple antennas but at the same time energy consumed also increases. In this paper, optimum solutions to that problem are addressed and their comparison is done in terms of total energy consumed and their processing times. The technique employed in those algorithms is using adaptive bit allocation to OFDM subcarriers in a frequency selective fast fading channels. To perform adaptive Modulation in OFDM systems requires Channel Estimation in prior to Adaptive modulation.

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In the Indian context, awareness has increased about implementing technology in the agriculture industry. Manual collection of desired farm environment data required for analysis can be sporadic leading to incorrect measurements and findings. This can cause difficulty in controlling various important factors. Wireless distinct sensor nodes can reduce time and effort required for monitoring an environment. The graphical representation of PC data allows simplified diagnosis and analysis. Monitoring systems can ensure quicker response times to adverse factors and conditions, better quality control of the produce and low labour cost. Generally, farming lands, greenhouse/polyhouse are at remote locations from the farmer’s residence and requires 24*7 monitoring. The utilization of technology would allow for remote measurement of factors such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, water level and light detection leading to increase in productivity. Crops are prone to various diseases due to various factors. One such factor is dew condensation in greenhouses which can be overcome by humidity monitoring. The proposed system includes all the above features. In addition to this, there are provisions of security like password lock and human/animal intrusion detection mechanism and according notification SMS is sent to farmer. The farmer is also notified on his mobile phone of the soil moisture level, water level, temperature, humidity, power status of motor, etc. using a GSM module. The overall proposal is optimized taking into consideration the intellectual and understanding level of farmers.

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Cloud computing, or in simpler shorthand just "the cloud", also focuses on maximizing the effectiveness of the shared resources. Cloud resources are usually not only shared by multiple users but are also dynamically reallocated per demand. This can work for allocating resources to users The aim is to secure the data stored on the clouds. For this, the document uploaded on the cloud by the server is encrypted. The client on the other side downloads the document and decrypts it in order to view the contents. Thus, in cloud computing environment there are many cloud servers, so the data will not be secured due to unreliable network communications. This problem can be eliminated by RSA algorithm.

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This paper deals with the usage of translucent concrete and also the advantages it brings in the field of smart construction, that it can reduce the power consumption of illumination and use the optical fiber can be made to sense the stress of structures and this concrete as an architectural purpose for good aesthetical view of the building. Translucent concrete is a concrete based material with light-transmissive properties, obtained by embedding optical fibers in it. Light is conducted through the fiber from one end to the other. This results into a certain light pattern on the other surface, depending on the fiber structure. Optical fibers transmit light so effectively that there is virtually no loss of light conducted through the fibres. This type of concrete can be installed at average cost of construction and increasing the visual appearance of the building. The work presented in this project reports an investigation on the behavior of concrete and mortar with optical fiber. Concrete and mortar cube are casted with fibers to study the properties and to compare the compressive strength between normal mix concrete with optical fiber and normal mortar with optical fiber after 7 days, 14 days and 28 days respectively. The compressive strength of concrete samples made with different fiber amount varies from 2% to 4% were studied. The compressive strength of translucent concrete is seen to increase with the increase in fiber content. The samples with fibers of 4% showed better results in comparison with the others.

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Image Inpainting is the art of restoring lost parts of image by reconstructing them using background information. Recently various approaches have been proposed. In the past, this problem has been addressed by two classes of algorithms: (i) “Texture Synthesis” algorithms for generating large image regions from sample textures, and (ii) “Structure Propagation” techniques for filling in small image gaps. In this paper we are providing an effective algorithm that contains the advantages of above two methods. The exemplar-based texture synthesis contains the essential process required to replicate both texture and structure. The existing algorithms are combined to improve the efficiency for finding the line association in selected region. Data term and confidence term are used to calculate the patch priority. With the help of priority term region filling is done that defines filling order of patches in the image. A number of examples on real and synthetic images demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in removing large occluding objects as well as thin scratches.

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Cloud computing promises to increase the velocity with which applications are deployed. Data Compression in cloud computing deals with reducing the storage space and providing privacy for users . Each authorized user is able to get an individual token of their file from duplicate check based on the privileges. Authorized user is able to use his/her individual private keys to generate query and hence attributes are attached along with the file. Attributes are found in the private cloud and hence control immediately passes to the private cloud, where duplicate check is performed. Data stored in the public cloud is accessed only by the authorized users by providing different encryption privilege keys. Convergent and symmetric encryption techniques produce identical cipher text that results in minimum overhead. Proof of reliability assures a verifier via a proof that a user’s file is available.

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