In this present era, a fair transmission pricing scheme is an important issue due to increased deregulation and restructuring of power sector. In this view, issue of tracing the flow of electricity has been gain importance as its solution helps in evaluating a fair and transparent tariff. A power tracing method would make it possible to charge the generators and consumers on the basis of actual transmission used. The several approaches for transmission cost allocation in a centralized pool based electricity market environment that includes composite embedded/marginal transmission pricing mechanisms. Eight transmission pricing schemes and three tracing methods are being evaluated and applied on Garver’s 6-bussystem and on IEEE 24-bus reliability test system to illustrate the different results derived among the pricing schemes for each tracing method or among tracing methods for each pricing scheme.

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This paper investigates the development of a preliminary design method for centrifugal compressors. The analysis and design of Turbo-machines, at any level of sophistication, must ultimately be based on an understanding of the thermodynamics and fluid mechanics processes which take place in the machine. On the simplest level a preliminary design may consist of no more than the application of the basic equations to estimate the magnitude of overall design parameters, while on more complex level the design methods will attempt to simulate more closely the actual flow. The present work describes the simplified approach to optimum design of centrifugal compressor stage with the help of fundamental equations, which describe thermodynamics, and aero-fluid dynamic flow process in Turbo-machines.

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VANET (Vehicular adhoc network) research field is growing very fast. It is a special class of MANET which provides communication between vehicles intelligently via vehicle to vehicle communication or vehicle to roadside communication. Some of the promises of VANET are intelligent traffic system, early warning signals for vehicles that could minimize road mishaps and provision of better in-transit communication. As the performance of communication depends on the selection of best route while communication & routing of data is done by routing protocols. A variety of research has been done on routing and several protocols have been proposed with their implementation. This paper discusses proactive topology based routing protocol & their comparison with other routing protocol.

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Today your website is your brand, your business backbone and often your first contact with your customers. If it’s not safe & secure, those critical business relationships can be compromised. A single security breach could be a finished a small business. Security Pattern described a recurring problem that arises in specific context, and it presents a well proven generic solution. During past few years developing secure application using security design pattern is popular area in the field of security. The role of security pattern is fulfilling security requirement and provide well-structured solution for security vulnerabilities. Providing end to end security using j2ee security pattern is differ from traditional infrastructure security design pattern in term of addressing security requirement, mitigating security risks, securing business object and data across logical tires, securing communication and protection the application from unauthorized threats and vulnerabilities. Our approach is to find a j2ee security pattern as a countermeasure to vulnerability. This is the way of providing link between security expertise and software developers to apply security knowledge in software development practice. Security should be considered throughout each stage of software development process to develop secure application [2]. This security engineering approach restricted due to complexity and diffusion of today security knowledge so it is still difficult to integrate security into software development process [9]. In this paper approach for ‘designing secure web application using j2ee security pattern’ is presented which Aim find threat and security requirements of web application and use j2ee security pattern to mitigate vulnerability. So that developer can be specify the threats and vulnerabilities in web application during early stage of development, and then it can be solve using the j2ee security pattern.

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One of the most popular services provided in the online store is collaborative tagging. It allows the end user to loosely classify the products into categories and the products can be viewed in the categories where they belong to. The tags to the products contain sensitive information such as usernames which is a personal information of the user. Suppressing the sensitive tags might be a useful way to preserve the end user privacy. In the paper, we make contribution to the online shopping mart by providing the efficient method to increase their business by monitoring the interest of the users and contribution towards how a tag suppression technique will enhance the privacy of the user by using a most popular form that is tag suppression. We have also dealt with the keyword search technique which provides web access functionality such as easy discovery of product, by content filtering and discoveries based on the user preferences.

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In view of the requirements to access the wind energy efficiently, a model of three bladed horizontal axis wind turbine is to develop and analyse for its aerodynamic efficiency by considering an idealized wind turbine rotor. The model for rotor hub is also developed for structural analysis. This study introduces important concepts and illustrates the general behavior of wind turbine rotors and the airflow around wind turbine rotors. The analysis is also used to determine theoretical performance limits for wind turbines. This study includes increase the efficiency or power coefficient of horizontal axis wind turbine rotor, to carry out performance analysis and power prediction of horizontal axis wind turbine, Comparison of power prediction with an existing turbine, Structural design of wind turbine rotor components like blade and hub, Create an efficient finite element model with enough elements for accurate modelling of minimization the stresses and deflection in rotor and compared with an existing design.

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With the increment and wide use of practical vision systems and smart phones, text detection in videos has become a critical yet challenging task. In today’s world and advancement in easily available and different featured cameras, text recognition has become a tough work and changes are occurring in this field. Texted content present in the video provides useful information likewise scene understanding, for narration, it adds details to the music playing or video playing. With the expansion of digital libraries therefore there is intense need of a method to retrieving the image using the embedded content in them. The proposed system is to detect text and extract them from the videos containing subtitles. The algorithm proposed here aims to get better subtitle extraction form these texted frames of videos. Our approach is to extract the subtitles from the videos by using edge detection and clustering and stroke width transform.

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The effect of cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and back rack angle at three level will be examine on CNC turning of EN-31. The material using titanium nitride (TiN) coated carbidetool. We will measure the surface roughness (Ra) by using full factorial design of experiments method. ANOVA will use to calculate the percentage contribution and significant parameter and also the regression analysis will use estimate the regression co-efficient that minimize the error and predict the surface roughness value.

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MANET plays an important role in dynamic topology and open wireless medium. In now a day’s MANET having many security vulnerabilities, security is very important for all needs particularly in the area of wireless network. Our project will focus on the method to improve packet delivery ratio and throughput and then reduce the end-to-end delay and overhead messages by using HDSR. In our system by using a unified trust management scheme that enhances the security in MANET, the trust value model has two components, trust from direct observation and trust from indirect observation. With direct observation from observer node, the trust value is derived using Bayesian interference and indirect observation from observed node, the trust value is derived using dempster-shafer theory.

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The most important issue that must be solved in designing a data transmission algorithm for wireless Ad Hoc networks is how to save Ad Hoc node energy while meeting the needs of applications/users as the Ad Hoc nodes are battery limited. While satisfying the energy saving requirement, it is also necessary to achieve the quality of service. In order to achieve this requirement, Energy-efficient Energy-Aware routing protocol for wireless Ad Hoc networks is proposed that saves the energy by efficiently selecting the energy efficient path in the routing process. When source finds route to destination, it calculates α for each route. The value α is based on largest minimum residual energy of the path and hop count of the path. If a route has higher α, then that path is selected for routing the data. The value of α will be higher, largest of minimum residual energy of the path is higher and the number of hop count is lower. Once the path is selected, data is transferred along the path. In order to increase the energy efficiency further transmission power of the nodes is also adjusted based on the location of their neighbor. If the neighbors of a node are closely located to that node, then transmission range of the node is decreased. Therefore it is enough for the node to have the transmission power to reach the neighbor within that range. As a result transmission power of the node is reduce which subsequently reduces the energy consumption of the node.

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M2M communication has gained popularity because of its endless possibilities, and when it is conducted over more advance networks like the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A which deliver higher throughput and can handle more active devices with a cell the possibilities even become greater. LTE networks were mainly designed for H2H communication meaning that we cannot just use M2M communication over it without any changes. M2M devices are usually sensors or actuators meaning that they have a limited power source. LTE networks have a power saving mechanism known as Discontinuous Reception (DRX). M2M devices spend most of their time in the idle state therefore more optimization needs to be carried out in the idle state. In this paper, an analysis of the available power saving mechanisms like reducing the RRC Inactivity timer and extending the DRX paging cycle is carried out. Then a DRX configuration switching mechanism is proposed, implemented and analyzed so as to save battery power but also ensure that delay (latency) is controlled at the same time for delay sensitive traffic. The results show that the switching mechanism actually helps to reduce the delay significantly as well as save power at the same time but if the sole purpose is to save battery power only then reducing the RRC Inactivity timer is the best approach.

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In this project main objective is to study the partial replacement of the Limestone and Wooden Dust with the varying proportion in the concrete and to check the different properties of the concrete by comparing with the normal concrete. The replacement of Fine aggregate (sand) with certain wooden dust in concrete that makes the structure more light in weight mean while we are going to replace the limestone as in place of coarse aggregate in the concrete so make it more compacted with the small aggregates. The Workability, strength and durability test are studied in this project. The most important properties of concrete is the compressive strength. Also, increasing the limestone and the wooden dust incorporation caused decreases in unit weights and compressive strength values of mortars with a parallel increase in water absorption values at all ages.

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Diesel engines exhausting gaseous emission and particulate matter have long been regarded as one of the major air pollution source and have been a source of serious public concern for a long time. There has been numerous research in the field of reduction of these pollutants since diesel engines came to major use. An alternative fuel for CI engines that can be used with the existing engine setup with no additional engine retrofitting or modifications is emulsified Diesel i.e. Water-in-diesel emulsion. It has benefits of simultaneous reduction of emissions and performance improvement. This review paper addresses the performance and emission of emulsion, and effect of water content on the combustion and emissions of Emulsified Diesel fuel. Thus Emulsified diesel can be recommended for use in place of conventional diesel.

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MRI-based medical image investigation for brain stem studies is ahead attention in topical times due to an amplified need for proficient and objective valuation of large amounts of data. While the original approaches applying mechanized methods for the analysis of brain stem images date back approximately two decades, the modern methods became proficient and coming nearer to routine clinical purpose. Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is of massive significance, since clinical symptoms do not happen until substantial portion of the Substantia Nigra (SN) neurons in the brain stem have been irreparably spoiled. In this paper we have proposed an approach which is integration of Multiwavlet based image preprocessing and SOM based image classification that will significantly increase the accuracy which help to diagnose SN in brain-stem.

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Today's development industry requires a framework by which nature of development can be resolved. Today the entire world is in effect extremely focused in created nations as well as in creating and immature nations. Indian economy is quick creating economy in entire world. In India, development commercial enterprises are assuming essential part to create India. Presently a-day's in development commercial ventures huge as well as little development organizations are exceptionally aggressive and numerous organizations are making a decent attempt to fulfill their client's necessities as well as where conceivable surpass them. This must be accomplished through expense diminishment, change in Quality, expanded consumer loyalty and a consistent exertion towards world class associations. With the goal organizations should survive and develop later on, it is fundamental that they convey top notch development and administrations. Those that can convey quality are the ones that will flourish in the following forthcoming years. In this venture a study and overview is done on Construction Company of Bhopal to check their nature of construction. 30 real estate companies construction sites is visited and their construction quality is done.

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Exertion towards protecting regular coarse aggregate for future era and diminishing sea shell waste beginning from the fisheries business has started studies on plausibility of coordinating this waste in solid generation. This paper shows the outcome on the workability and compressive strength of solid containing different rate of sea shell content as incomplete coarse aggregate substitution. Concrete blends containing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% sea shell substitution level were thrown before subjected to water curing for 28 days. Workability test and compressive strength test were directed on solid understanding to IS 516 and IS 4926 respectively. Results demonstrate that substitution of proper sea shell content ready to create workable cement with attractive quality. Coordination of 20% sea shell improved the quality of solid making it to be the most astounding when contrasted with whatever other substitution level.

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Saw Dust is a by-product of wood dust, when this dust burns it ash are very fine and due its fineness, in this research saw dust ash (SDA) are going to use in as a partial replacement of cement in concrete. Cement in concrete is used for binding, but cement is a costly material and also affect the environment and from last some decades researchers are trying to reduce the uses of cement and find out the new material which can replace cement. In the research article saw dust ash is replace by cement up to 30% at interval of 10% and also it is checked for its compressive strength.

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In this work, a comparison of surface roughness obtained by PVD, CVD coated carbide inserts and uncoated carbide inserts during dry turning of TI–6Al–4V alloy. Titanium alloys are most fascinated topic so the Machining of titanium alloys as aerospace material that has extremely strength to weight ratio and resistant to corrosion at high-elevated temperature. The turning parameters evaluated are cutting speed (80,100,120 m/min), feed rate (0.05, 0.10, 0.15 mm/rev), depth of cut (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mm). Experimentation was carried out using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Surface roughness was measured for each experimentation. When compared to uncoated carbide inserts, the coated carbide inserts demonstrates significantly improved surface roughness and also compared PVD and CVD carbide insert, the PVD carbide inserts demonstrates significantly improved surface roughness.

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Comparative study is done for the performance of distance relays for transmission lines compensated by shunt connected flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance distance protection schemes on transmission lines with STATCOM devices applied for midpoint voltage control. The impact of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) on the transmission line distance protection schemes is studied for different fault types, fault locations and system conditions. The power system elements and the STATCOM with their associated controllers are modeled. Matlab / Simulink is used as a simulation tool for the research.

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Design methodology and analyzed by some CAE work. Purpose of the work is tool provide solution in the form of product envelope which clears the idea for clay feeder mechanism for two stations simultaneously. Project work gives details to make suitable fitment with vessel that holds crushing and mixing mechanism which is material inlet. Work is in machine tool automation to make feasible solution to feed material with efficient way. Work is carried out with In V shape structure two same screw will get mounted to make distribution of filtered clay on two stations. This machine is made with AISI304 material to make suitable corrosion free components. Also strength and raw materials are selected as per working efficiency and loading forces. Validated results will show the full proof mechanism in the application.

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the aim of this experimental Study is to evaluate the performance (Durability) of concrete containing supplementary materials such as Foundrysand & slag. Efforts for improving the performance (Durability) of concrete over the past few years suggested that cement replacement materials along with Mineral & chemical admixtures can improve the strength and durability characteristics of concrete. Our main focus on alccofine and foundrysand can be use be utilize to produce highly durable concrete. The alccofine is used in 10% and 15% by replacement of cement and the same time the sand will be replaced with foundrysand in the proportion of 10%,20%,30%,40% and 50% for all experimental work. The durability test like RCPT ,Sulphate Attack tests, ,sorptivity test,rebound hammer test ,UPV test Compressive strength test to be carried out at 7, 28 and 56 days..

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The amount of digital information has increased exponentially over the last few years. So personalized search techniques are essential to retrieve the information which is closer to the user preferences. At the same time the information is being stored in a semi-structured way, to exchange this type of data XML has emerged as a standard for representing the data. XML search allows higher retrieval potency, due to its capacity to retrieve and to show the user specific parts of the documents instead of the full document. In this paper, proposed personalized techniques in the context of XML retrieval process and combined different approaches where personalized may be applied.

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Aircraft is a highly complex flying structure. Generally passenger aircraft undergoes nominal maneuring flights. During the flight, when the maximum lift is generated, wings of the aircraft will undergo stress at the location of the attachment brackets. The attachment is used to carry all type of wing load to this frame. So, the wing root attachments should be high strength enough to carry the load transferred from wing. In the present research work, an attempt has been made for designing the wing root attachment frame for two seated passenger aircraft using four stringers. First we need ensure the static load carrying capability of the wing root attachment bracket. Later, the wing root fittings were designed with different iterations by adding number of stringers with varied calculations. Finally fatigue analysis was conducted to find out the stress acting on the attachment with the life expectancy calculations.By adding the stringers, the fatigue/stress will be less for wing roots and the life expectancy of wing root attachment will also increase (more than 2 folds).The methodology of Finite Element Method (FEM) has been implemented and analyzed in the present work for stress and fatigue. An attempt has been made to estimate life expectancy of the wing root attachment under fatigue analysis.The design was carried out using Catia V5 tool. The analyzing part of this research work is done using the NASTRAN-PATRAN package and the results were reported.

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In this paper, various tasks are performed by the robot, such as water quality sensing, metal detection, tracking robot's location using GPS and giving live representation of operation which is carried through wireless camera. The transmission and reception of information is done through the Zigbee protocol. To ensure safety of robot, sensors are used for obstacle detection.This concept, if adopted, can prove helpful for finding out underwater metallic shipwrecks, constant monitoring of polluted water and discovering underwater habitats.

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The prediction based analysis over a dataset is one of the major data mining processing used by decision support system. In this present work such prediction based analysis is suggested to evaluate the student performance based on their academic background. The work is to classify the students based on the ranking to find out the weak student, average student and the top rank students. In this work comparative analysis will be performed by using different classifiers to perform the analysis on student data. The work will be implemented on management perspective to take necessary action for improving the performance of weak student and to improve the academic results. The work is suggested to be implemented in weka integrated java environment with user friendly features to select the appropriate classifier. Different classifiers are compared on weka on the basic of different parameters like time taken to build the model, correctly classified instances, accuracy, kappa statistic, mean absolute error, mean squared error, relative absolute error, relative squared error, Confusion matrix, TP rate & FP rate. Then the classifier for which the maximum number of instances are correctly and maximum accuracy is achieved is selected for developing decision support system.

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