In this study attempts to Experimental Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Flank Wear in different HRC on AISID2 material Hard Turning process parameters (constant speed and feed on diff. HRC. on responses (like:surface roughness and Tool wear) using taguchi techniques. For the study L16 orthogonal array is selected for experimentation. Experiment shows that hardness is not create much effect in Ra, MRR and Tw, with compare to other two parameter Feed and Cutting speed for the D2 material we can get the formula base on this experiment for the use of practical application.

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Assistive technology using NETR for visually impaired and blind individuals is to assist the blind individuals to decide on or to pick a good object whereas holding them in their hands. As in current days for every product, text label is written mandatory that has the subsequent details like product name, worth of the merchandise, factory-made and end/expiry dates. The users ought to capture the image of the merchandise mistreatment camera, within the same manner the administrator conjointly captures the image product pictures and stores it in his info. By doing the image comparison between those two pictures, supported the results of the image comparison the output is resulted within the format of voice i.e., in speech format. Here we have a tendency to also playacting the text extraction technique from image by mistreatment the text – space localization rule. The optical character recognition is employed to extract the text region from the image.

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In general, wireless sensor networks possess a number of sensor nodes that are capable of sensing, computing and communicating. Usually these are placed in atmosphere to get the data related to natural parameters like temperature, humidity, pressure etc,. In order to sense, compute and communicate the data, the sensor node utilizes some amount of energy from its battery source. The main drawback of wireless sensor networks is that each sensor node is energy limited, which means that a node can survive and function for a limited period of time. Thus the sensor node’s have small lifetime. This affects the whole sensor network lifetime. But it can be improved by undergoing a technique called Clustering. Many protocols were presented to perform this clustering. The main task in clustering is the election of cluster head. Previously LEACH protocol was used, where it ended up with random distribution of sensor nodes in the Wireless sensor network. Here we come up with fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm to elect the cluster head. Here, the Fuzzy module is used in sensor node and the genetic algorithm in the Base Station or SINK. First step involves in the process of nomination for being a cluster head takes place and the second step involves in selecting the best among the nominated nodes as a cluster head for that particular cluster. Thus the nomination process in first step uses the Fuzzy Logic and the selection process in the second step uses the Genetic Algorithm. This could really optimize the energy consumption of sensor node and thereby increase the network lifetime.

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Electronics nose is an instrument which comprises an array of electronic chemical sensor with partial electrivity and an appropriate pattern recognition system, capable of recognizing simple and complex odors. In the sensor array, each sensor has its own kind of response. Certain organic compounds like butane, propane, carbon monoxide, methane are presented in house hold products which cause death to human life. Too monitor and measure these VOC's in human system gas sensor can be used .The aim of this paper is to identify the suitable pattern classification method to detect the toxic VOCs in E-NOSE Technology using appropriate hardware.

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In this paper the design and analysis of Large Rolling Shutter is being carried out. The Shutter has to be designed for Hyderabad city. The basic parameters for designing of Rolling Shutter are size of shutter, wind speed of area and position of fixing of shutter. The size of shutter depends upon the requirement of client and the wind speed also depends on the city in which the shutter is going to be installed. Here as shutter is to be installed in Hyderabad city, the wind speed of city is to be considered. The Wind speed in city is 150 Km/Hr. the Initial 2D design of shutter is made on the basis of design information and recommendations of the Company in AutoCAD. The 3D assembly model of same is created in Solid Works. Now the finite element analysis of the design is carried out for a wind load of 150 Km/Hr. In analysis it is found that the stress developed in the design are high than the limiting values. Hence, the shutter is redesigned and the analysis of modified design is performed. It is found out that in the modified design the stresses developed in the design are within limit.

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Gas tungsten arc welding has wide application in industries when high level of weld quality is required. To increase the productivity and decrease the cost advanced techniques are used in welding. Activating flux is a concept, which used in different welding process like GMAW, EBW, LBW, and PAW. The flux ingredient, which is inorganic compound (which can be used to produce deep penetration and arc constriction) are available in variety of range and compositions. In the present work, an attempt has been made to use of activating flux for improving depth-to-width ratio as well strength of welding joint. In present years heavier thicker job require so obviously need for higher depth of penetration and reduce angular distortion as well as number of passes hence decrease in cost is direct affect on productivity enhancement.decrease. It was found that the weld metal obtained using activated flux showed negligible changes in terms of physical appearance, arc stability, weld bead geometry mechanical destructive testing like tension testing of welding was passed. The experimental results showed that activating flux aided GTAW increased the weld area and penetration and tended to reduce the angular distortion of the weldment. The MgCO3 flux produced the most noticeable effect.

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Digital filters are very effective in the present generation of communication systems. The digital filter performance is important and hence to design a digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter for reduction of noise from signal and improve the efficiency of the signal using different methods. A zero-valued window function is a mathematical function that is choosen outside some interval. The product is also zero-valued outside the interval, When another function is multiplied by a window function. The performance of different windows like Hamming, Hanning, Bartlett and Blackman window have been mainly compared with their magnitude response, phase response, equivalent noise bandwidth, response in time and frequency domain using MATLAB simulation. Comparing simulation results of different windows, it has been found that Blackman window is better than Hamming, Hanning, and Bartlett windows. These windows have also been encountered with speech signal using MATLAB simulation.

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Cross-Site Scripting is one of the major’s attacks described by OWASP. The Cross Site Scripting attack is possible by inserting or changing the programming logic, changing and syntax of HTML elements by code injection attacks. The Web application is XSS Vulnerable when there is no proper input validation. The many web applications like social networking sites are the victims of this attack. This paper describes the various attack technique of cross site scripting and various mitigation involved in cross site scripting (XSS) Vulnerability. As new technology arrived, it comes with lot of new features and possibly attacks. In the today’s trends of social web application, Web Forum and other user content driven sites, the SQL injection, cross site scripting (XSS) attack and cross site forgery attack are major challenges for web application. The paper also describes various research perspective involved with cross site scripting. In the cyber world the security is now main issues for the user. The paper also shows demonstration of various cross site scripting (XSS) attack.

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An automobile engine on the assembly line undergoes various fitments of a large number of components until it is ready for its final dispatch. It so happens sometimes that some of the components may be missed out due to high and continuous workload. Such faulty engines are not ready for dispatch and have to be sent back for rework after the testing process has been performed. This leads to losses in terms of resources and time of the company. The engine test rig is an apparatus developed to check the engine fitments on the engine assembly line. The concept was to manufacture an engine which has zero defects. The test rig works on the principle of vacuum generation in the oil pathway of engine block. The amount of vacuum generated for a zero defect engine has a standard datum value. Deviation from the standard value of vacuum generated gives an indication of missing components. Greater the number of missing components more is the vacuum generated. Thus the fault is detected much earlier (on the assembly line itself) even before it is sent for testing and dispatch.

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Steganography has been in use since the presence of secret messages and this use has gained popularity as the internet became well-liked. Steganography works by replacing bits of useless or unused data in regular computer files (such as graphics, sound, text, HTML, or even floppy disks) with bits of different, invisible information. This hidden information can be plain text, cipher text, or even images. Audio steganography is a young branch of this discipline. An encoding mechanism is used for embedding the message into the audio file. This paper intends to give an overview of audio steganography, its uses and techniques. It also attempts to identify the requirements of a good steganographic algorithm and briefly reflects on which steganographic techniques are more suitable for which applications.

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A lot of models had been formulated by various researchers to estimate the Global Solar Radiation (GSR) over a particular region from the available meteorological data. This data mainly includes measured GSR from site, sunshine hours and air temperature data. The models which were studied had considered sunshine hour data and temperature data separately. In the present work, the new models are developed based on sunshine hours, air temperature and a combined model is also proposed containing both sunshine hours and air temperature values to estimate GSR over Amritsar, Bhopal, New Delhi, Srinagar and Varanasi regions of India. Evaluation of proposed models has been made in terms of Mean Bias Error (MBE), Mean Percentage Error (MPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results shows an improvement in RMSE value when GSR is estimated by considering both sunshine hours and air temperature together.

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A downlink soft handover scheme is proposed for cell edge users in 4G-LTE systems. To avoid capacity loss in cell edge areas the proposed handover scheme uses multi-cell MIMO cooperated by multiple base stations. Capacity of the 4G LTE is very high than the 3G LTE and also 4G is more faster because the main beam traverse towards the mobile user .4G LTE Variable step size has low mean square error which almost equal to nullify. In the proposed scheme, different multi-cell MIMO transmissions are adaptively exploited based on the spatial correlation of a downlink channel and path loss of adjacent cells by comparing link level capacity. MIMO is computed by using a method called singular value decomposition. SISO is used in the old LTE systems its capacity is less. Radiation pattern for 4G LTE is very high

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Nowadays Robots play a vital role in all the activities in human life including industrial needs, the objective of this project is to analysis of a Generic articulated robot Arm. Articulated robot has been noted for application in traversing and performing manipulation in nuclear reactor facilities. Some aspects of the articulated Robot that are anticipated as useful are its small cross section and its projected ability to change elevation. In this paper concept of five-degree of freedom robot arm is discussed. This will allow a wide range of arm positions for any given target position, thus giving a great flexibility of motion. Motion can be governed by additional constraints; the paper presents an approach using modelling and a static analysis of five axis robotic arm, Robot is designed to carry 5kg payload and Analysis is performed on individual link to know exact stress pattern on each link and factor of safety value is taken as 2 and checked for safe condition.

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The function of a fixture is to hold a part in order to keep it in a desired position and orientation while the part is in manufacturing, assembly or verification process. Custom-oriented dedicated fixtures are not only time-consuming and costly to build, but they also do not have the flexibility to deal with parts or assemblies of different shapes and sizes. To reduce the cost of a manufacturing system, the fixture system should be designed to be competent in fixturing as many work pieces as possible. Reconfigurable fixtures have ability to be changed or reconfigured to suit different parts and products.The main objective of this paper is to identify factors affecting the reconfigurable fixture

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In this study concept of increasing the heat transfer rate in the Phase Change Material during the charging and discharging has been presented. An experimental investigation has been made to see the effect of the metallic fins inside the PCM on improvement in thermal conductivity. One PCM acetamide is selected for the experimental investigation and their charging characteristics and thermo physical properties are studied by using different configurations of the fins. It is observed during the experimental investigation that there is significant effect of the fin on the charging characteristics, discharging characteristics of the PCM.

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Reduction of toxic substances emission from combustion engines can be achieved in automotive exhaust after treatment process is applied based on oxidation and reduction processes which are takes place in catalytic converter. Exhaust emissions of much concern are Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) from the automotive vehicles. Catalytic converter oxidizes harmful CO and HC emission to CO2 and H2O in the exhaust system and thus the emission is controlled. Generally catalytic converter uses platinum group of metals like Pt, Pd and Rh. There are several types of problems and higher cost of noble metals associated with this noble metal based catalytic converter. The present work is aimed at using ferric oxide as a catalyst for catalytic converter. Wire mesh of ferric oxide catalytic converter is developed by metal vapour vaccum arc process. The experiment is carried out on four stroke four cylinder CI engine. By using ferric oxide based catalytic converter it is found that HC is reduced by 30%, CO by 24% and NOx by 16% at high load condition.

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A new member of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics of the BNT-based group, (1 – x)Bi0⋅5Na0⋅5TiO3–xLiNbO3(x=0.002,0.004,0.01,0.014, was prepared by conventional solid state reaction and its dielectric properties and relaxation was investigated. X-ray diffraction showed that LiNbO3diffused into the lattice of Bi0⋅5Na0⋅5TiO3 to form a solid solution with perovskite-type structure. A diffuse character was proved by the linear fitting of the modified Curie–Weiss law. The temperature dependence of dielectric constant at different frequencies revealed that the solid solution exhibited relaxor characteristics different from classic relaxor ferroelectrics. The samples with x = 0⋅002 and 0⋅006 exhibited obvious relaxor characteristics near the low temperature dielectric abnormal peak, Tf, and the samples with x = 0⋅010 and 0⋅014 exhibited obvious relaxor characteristics between room temperature and Tf. The mechanism of relaxor behaviour was also discussed according to the macro-domain to micro-domain transition theory.

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Nowadays, the increasing amount of wastes is a concerning and the environmental aspects has become a major priority. Following this worry, the purpose of this experimental study is to investigate the possibility of using waste and inorganic wastes, in bituminous mixtures to reduce environmental effects of these wastes disposal and construct the road buy using this waste. The tests to be conducted on aggregate are impact value test, abrasion test and on bitumen are penetration test, ductility test. We will try to increase the strength, flexibility and durability of pavement as well as reduce the wear and tear.

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The present study aims to utilize an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for modeling the rainfall-runoff relationship of Bhadar catchment area located in Nilakha Village, Gondal Taluka, Rajkot district, Gujarat, India. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methodology was employed to predict daily runoff as a function of precipitation, temperature, evaporation losses, infiltration losses and humidity. The paper illustrates the applications of the feed forward network for the Runoff prediction with various algorithms and accordingly, different structures of ANNs were used and their efficiencies in terms of the mean squared error ‘MSE’, training and validation determination coefficients ‘R’ to select better predicted Runoff data were examined. The daily hydrometric and climatic data of Bhadar Watershed in ANN were ranged from 1991 to 2013 and analyzed in order to calibrate the given models. Efficiencies of the Back-Propagation (BP), conjugate gradient (CG) and Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) training algorithms are compared to improving the computed performances and 36 models were prepared to select a best model having mean square error ‘MSE’ nearer to zero and co-relation factor ‘R’ nearer to unity. The results revealed that the best model is composed of the feed-forward networks, trained by the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and considering only one hidden layer. The investigation of sensitivity of the modeling accuracy to the content and length of training data has been carried out. The results extracted from the comparative study indicated that the Artificial Neural Network method is more appropriate and efficient to predict the river runoff than classical regression model. The ANN model provides a more systematic approach, reduces the length of calibration data, and shortens the time spent in calibration of the models, at the same time; it represents an improvement upon the prediction accuracy and flexibility of current methods.

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It is automated process of collecting the details, usually in the form of circles or boxes and analyzes the same complex was using computations in order to generate required specific knowledge in Optical Mark Reader, also color of independent in the system, illumination and brightness will makes the system capable and robust for practical applications. Now days the different systems are in the current market for the same uses, but too costly, and ideal scanners and are contingent on a number of parameters like paper, printing quality. Proposed system sequence of the scanner and a computer to process the computation and it is assisted with GUI. The forms are filled and scanned pictures are given input to computer, which does the computation and save the result in spreadsheet in easy format to understand. The system tested for over 15 tests above, forms will get perfect percentage, thus the proving efficiency to the adaptive comparison method in proposed system process. The system has distance level of applications in the field of evaluation in exam, automated surveys and attendance.

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In current scenario, energy crisis is the bottleneck for the growth of the nation. For the growth of the nation, as it depends on the electricity generation and demand, there is a two ways either generation of more electricity or saving of electricity. By the current project, we may move one step forward to save the electrical energy. In the current project, we are going to introduce thermoelectric module, working on Peltier Effect, in the existing domestic refrigerator system and it is expected that the power consumption may reduce. We will prepare working model of domestic refrigeration system by introducing thermoelectric module which provides additional sub-cooling and superheating effect in the system. (1) Without thermoelectric module (2) With thermoelectric module. From the observation of experiment, we will calculate the refrigeration effect, work supply and C.O.P. of refrigeration system. Then after, we will perform an experiment on the working model for the case

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In the proposed paper optimized magnitude response of low pass IIR filter is obtain by using genetic algorithm. Genetic Algorithm is a nature inspired optimization technique. The paper shows the magnitude response of the IIR filter obtain using the optimized filter coefficient. The experiment shows that the magnitude response obtain using optimized filter coefficient is more optimum compare to conventional techniques in terms of their cut off frequency.

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In this study , austenitic stainless steel sheets type ASS 304 and ASS 202 were welded by first joing two strips of 0.5 mm ASS 304 and ASS 304 then joining ASS 202 and ASS 202 and lastly by joining ASS 304 and ASS 202 with resistance spot welding . The microstructure properties were studied along with microhardness of the weld nugget cross section

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In recent years, communication plays a vital role in the world, whereas the secured communication lags in some applications such as military and message authentications. PHOTON light weight hash function is an attractive modeling tool to improve the security and it is under the SHA-3 algorithm. Hash function takes a string of length as input and produces a fixed length value. The PHOTON hash function family can be built with VLSI technologies. The existing PHOTON protocol architecture is modified for better security and high speed applications. The modified high speed architecture can be obtained by performing the pipelining and parallel processing techniques. The proposed architecture will provide high speed and secured communication.

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Attrition is a critical issue and pretty high in the industry these days. It’s the major problem which highlights in all the organizations. “Attrition is said to be the gradual reduction in the number of employees through retirement, resignation or death. It can also be said as Employee Turnover or Employee Defection” The main objectives of this study is to study the employee attrition, to analysis the various factors that causes the attrition in organization, to know the critical reason, Why employees are quit from Serco Global Services and to examine the demographic variable that gives more attrition.

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