The energy which comes from natural resources called Renewable energy resources. Renewable energy such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat and hydropower storedin the nature free of cost. About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewable sources and about 3.4% from hydro power. The power derived from the energy of falling water and running water is called hydropower or water power. It is used to fulfill many purposes to ease the human life. In past years it is used for the irrigation purpose. And various processes like mechanical devices such as water mils, domestic lifts, power house, and textile mills. Ancient civilization viz. Mesopotamia and Egypt civilization water is used. This type of energy stored in the nature in the form of difference in water level or water falls. For utilization of such type of energy it must be stored in the form of kinetic energy and produce electricity. The device which converts such type of energy into electricity is called turbine. The turbine consists of blade in which falling water (from dam or high fall) impact and shaft is rotated which is connected to the shaft of generator and produce electricity. Water power is represented by hydrology. Hydrology energy stored in riverbed and river banks. Hydraulic systems are used to transfer energy by converting mechanical energy to fluid energy, and then back to mechanical energy. The principle reason for converting to fluid energy is the convenience of transferring energy to a new location. Hydraulic drives have many advantages over other technologies. The ratio of weight, volume and inertia to available power is significantly lower than in electromechanical drives, especially for linear motion. The dynamic performance is superior when compared to electrical or electrical-mechanical drive systems in large power drive systems. In India scope of water power is more generally watermills and waterwheels made in India. China uses such type of devices like watermill and waterwheel from Han Dynasty.

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The complex task in a running video is to efficiently track the target with respect to its vary in position. The Mean Shift algorithm can be applied robustly and quickly to track the object. Local binary pattern is the technique through which a neighborhood of a pixel is determined by its binary derivatives. So the LBP can be employed in the field of pattern and movement recognition. In the proposed work mean shift algorithm will effectively track the target object applied along with LBP and joint color histogram in real time videos.

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Steel-concrete composite construction means steel section encased in concrete for columns & the concrete slab or profiled deck slab is connected to steel beam with the help of mechanical shear connectors so that they act as single unit. Earthquakes occurred in recent past have indicated that if the structures are not properly designed and constructed with required quality may cause great destruction and also loss of life. Time history analysis is an important technique for structural seismic analysis especially when the evaluated structural response is nonlinear. To perform such an analysis, a representative earthquake time history is required for a structure being evaluated. Time History Analysis (THA) is a step-by-step analysis of the dynamic response of a structure to a specified loading that may vary with time. In Time History Analysis, time history of representative earthquake is used to determine the seismic response of a structure under dynamic loading. In this work steel sections and composite sections (steel + concrete) are considered for comparative study of high rise residential building. Building is situated in earthquake zone IV. For analysis purpose Time History Method is used. In this work same plan is used for comparison. Load combinations are taken from IS code.

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In the present era,Non- conventional energy generation systems, contributing a high percentage in in Power generation. Among the non-conventional energy generation systems, wind energy generation is the most important one for the generatipower. The doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is currently the system of choice for multi-MW wind turbines.The DFIG technology allows extracting maximum energy from the wind for low wind speeds by optimizing the turbine speed, presently DFIG based wind turbines are quite popular as it can extract maximum power. Though the DFIG based wind turbines can able to provides maximum extent of power but greatly suffers from the power oscillation during wind speed variations, to overcome this problem this work proposes a novel PID type Fuzzy Controller (PIDFC) for efficient pitch angle control of DFIG system for wind power generation, so that the DFIG based wind turbines not only able to provide maximum power but the power obtained will be highly stable also, irrespective to the wind speed fluctuations. For the comparative analysis, a comparison is also presented between the conventional PI controller and proposed PIDFC controller. The obtained result indicates that, the proposed method is highly efficient to sustain the power oscillations as compare to state of art techniques. In addition to this it is also found that, the proposed PIDFC based pitch angle controller takes 80% less settling time as compare to conventional PI controller.

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Image Inpainting is the art of filling in missing data in an image. The purpose of inpainting is to reconstruct missing regions in a visually plausible manner so that it seems reasonable to the human eye. There have been several approaches proposed for the same. The objective of this dissertation work is to review two such methods – Convolution and Exemplar based Algorithm and combines these into a Hybrid technique. Convolution based image inpainting algorithms are very rapid, however in many cases; they don't provide adequate results in sharp details such as edges. Exemplar-based methods provide impressive results in recovering textures and repetitive structures. However, their ability to recreate the geometry without any example is limited and not well understood. The aim is to incorporate such enhanced characteristics in the Hybrid technique which will be better than the individual techniques. This paper summarizes the combination of these algorithms and proposes a new Hybrid Inpainting Algorithm for inpainting large as well as small regions in less time. Future aspects of the study are also discussed.

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This paper introduced a method for producing Hash Merge and Sort Merge Join with extending performance. Hash merge join is non-blocking join algorithm that deals with data items from remote sources via unpredictable, slow, and bursty network traffic. The HMJ algorithm designed with two goals: 1) Minimize the time to produce the first few results, and 2) Produce join results even if the two sources of the join operator occasionally get blocked. Sort Merge Join is conventional join algorithm in the database. It is used when large database is required for query optimizing. I implement hybrid version of both algorithm to increase performance of join. And compare this hybrid version with already implemented algorithm to check performance based on execution time. I conclude that hybrid gives better execution time than hash and sort merge join algorithm after completion of experiment study.

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iBeacon is Apple’s version of the Bluetooth-based beacon concept that allows Bluetooth devices to broadcast and receive tiny information within short distances. The paper aims to describe a system which will track indoor positioning of a person, notify the devices, controlling notifications for respective location, tracking person’s behavior for business intelligence. The ability to contact to a person based upon his location brings more power in marketing world and information systems. The persons indoor positioning describes the interest of a person because of his location. Moreover, a web-based application can be used to control the information flow for each beacon. Currently there are very few organizations using this technology to track their customers. This technology has wild scope in indoor or small area location based services.

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Node is single-threaded and uses a concurrency model based on an event loop. It is non-blocking, so it doesn't make the program wait, but instead it registers a callback and lets the program continue. This means it can handle concurrent operations without multiple threads of execution, so it can scale pretty well. Node.js was never created to solve the compute scaling problem. It was created to solve the I/O scaling problem, which it does really well.

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A survey of the major techniques used in the design of cavity filters is reviewed and discussed in this paper. It is shown that the basis for much fundamental microwave filter theory lies in the realm of cavity filters, which indeed are actually used directly for many applications at microwave frequencies as high as 18 GHz. Many types of algorithm are discussed and compared with the object of pointing out the most useful references, especially for a researcher to the field.

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this paper proposes a novel image processing approach for rapid quality inspection in metal parts of machinery products. The quality inspection approaches have evolved from the traditional visual inspection to sophisticated techniques like automated pattern recognition. The paper concentrates a novel image processing algorithm for rapid and cost-effective quality detection of metal surfaces. The process deals with analysis of the metal product images and extracting the crack location using appropriate thresholding, Hence, these values are determined from the histogram of the mental image from which the deviations between weld surface and normal surface being found from ranging intensity values. The images of the metal products are acquired with the help of calibrated camera sensors in an ideal lab set up in order to avoid the illumination effects which will interfere with the crack surface. The mental image enhances precursor for crack-feature detection. The cracks in the metal products are detected analyzed using the MATLAB interface where the Image Processing Toolbox provides a comprehensive set of reference-standard algorithms and functions for analysis, Visualization and algorithm development. The dimensional analysis and qualitative aspects of the crack are recorded to determine the quality status of the metal product. Thus, this approach is implemented for four mild steel specimens and a higher accuracy in the detection process is observed. Further, the compatibility of the algorithm with metal surface with varied sizes and colors are analyzed.

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In the world, there are large amounts of calcined-clay wastes and used foundry sand to generate from the industry each year. So, these wastes are used in landfills. Reusing these wastes in concrete could be a very beneficial situation for society. Therefore, at one side, we can solve the problems of industries and at the other side, we can make more sustainable concrete by reducing nonrenewable resources like cement and aggregates and also solve environmental problems related to land filled wastes. This research paper examines the feasibility of using ceramic waste powder and used foundry sand in concrete. Ceramic waste powder is replaced with cement at a rate of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% and used foundry sand is replaced with natural sand at a rate of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30%. From this research to find out the strength and durability of concrete like compressive strength and slump of concrete.

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Rice husk ash is a waste generated by agricultural field than this is used for electricity generation than the byproduct is known as RHA, Fly ash is a waste generated by thermal power plants is as such a big environmental concern. The investigation reported in this paper is carried out to study the effect of RHA - FA based geopolymer composites on mechanical properties of RHA-FA based geopolymer composites, so as to provide an environmentally consistent way of its disposal and reuse. The RHA in geopolymer concrete matrix is replaced from 5 to 40 % by step in steps of 5 %. This provides an environmental friendly method of RHA-FA disposal.

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Rice husk ash is a waste generated by agricultural field than this is used for electricity generation than the byproduct is known as RHA, Fly ash is a waste generated by thermal power plants is as such a big environmental concern. The investigation reported in this paper is carried out to study the effect of RHA - FA based geopolymer composites on mechanical properties of RHA-FA based geopolymer composites, so as to provide an environmentally consistent way of its disposal and reuse. The RHA in geopolymer concrete matrix is replaced from 5 to 40 % by step in steps of 5 %. This provides an environmental friendly method of RHA-FA disposal.

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The goal of this paper is to contribute to the quality of life of the elderly people and help them to have a healthier and independent lifestyle with the use of Ambient Intelligence, sensors, signal and the communications infrastructure. Ambient Intelligence is the concept emerging from Artificial Intelligence, where people are assisted by using computer as the proactive tool. It is network of the hidden interfaces or sensors which are able to recognize our presence and respond to our immediate need. It makes use of three important technologies namely Ubiquitous Computing, Ubiquitous Communication and Intelligent User Interface. This paper provides a view on how ambient intelligence can be used to provide better quality living. Our aim is to make the use of wireless sensors in our everyday life to serve the purpose. We mainly focus on the health care domain. Combining the technological development such as wearable devices, sensors, sensor network with the user-centred design methods makes it more capable of providing better quality life in non-intrusive way. Elderly people with or without disabilities would be clearly benefited from it. It provides them an opportunity to live more independently through continuous monitoring with the use of sensors in non-intrusive way. It will enable them to live in their homes with sufficient confidence and security.

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Now a day’s temperature monitoring of buildings is essential for controlling the ambient temperature for human safety, comfort and reliability. Wireless sensors are best choices for such temperature monitoring. But greatest challenge faced by wireless sensor networks is power. When a sensor is depleted of power, it can not fulfill its role unless and until the source of power is replenished. Therefore, it is considered that the smartness of a wireless sensor expires when its battery power is finished. In temperature monitoring applications, sensors are supposed to operate for much longer durations (such as years or decades) after they are installed on the field. In such cases batteries are hard (or impossible) to replace or recharge after they are discharged. To overcome this, system has been implemented which scavenges energy from ambient solar energy and stores it in super-capacitor for further use. Harvested energy is made sufficient for sensor operation using power management technique and supercapacitor lifetime is calculated for estimating lifetime of sensor once super capacitor is fully charged.

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This work outlines the performance of the convolution Encoder and Viterbi decoder for error detection and correction. The entire system is designed using vhdl. This is widely used in Digital video and camcorder. A FEC technique is the fundamental element of wireless communication systems. The some available important standards such as Third generation (3G) systems, Global system for mobile, 802.11A, and 802.16 exert some configuration of convolution coding. Viterbi decoding with convolution encoding is a most widely used method for forward error correction. Viterbi decoder algorithm is used for decoding algorithm for convolution codes which finds error detected to the system. This paper represents the encoder and viterbi decoder is implemented for constraint length of 9 and bit rate ½..

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This paper is showing performance of Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) which have ability to reduce severe fault current effectively and quickly. With the increasing population the consumption of electrical power is also increased widely so thus the probability of occurrence of fault in system also increases because of which a very high current flows through the system which is responsible for the generation of large mechanical forces which may affect the mechanical integration of the power system hardware, transformer and other related equipment which may get overheated due to this large current and every time it is not possible to change the parameters as per fault current. It is working as like as stabilizer but more efficient than that. The SFCL which is used here have capability of reducing the fault current within the first cycle which increases the transient stability of the power system. This paper focuses on the faults in the power system due to overcurrent i.e L-G,L-L-G and L-L-L-G.SFCLs are continuously studied to reduce the power burden of circuit breaker.

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Web Caching is the phenomenon that has been worldwide used to reduce the latency involved in retrieving the web pages. The efficiency of web caching depends upon the cache replacement technique used. Traditional techniques of cache replacement like LRU and LFU are based on one decision parameter but one decision parameter is not enough due to the different characteristics of different workloads. So multiple parameters are needed to be combined. But the question arises how it should be done. The solution to this problem can be achieved by modeling the decision parameters through fuzzy logic. In our research we applied the fuzzy based cache replacement algorithm and traditional algorithms like LRU, LFU on the network which resembles cache hierarchical architecture. A simulation was conducted to observe their behavior and it was concluded that the fuzzy based cache replacement algorithm is better than the traditional algorithms like LRU and LFU.

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The field of surgery is undergoing a big change, spurred on by remarkable advances in surgical technology. Recently, we have robotic systems built their way into the operating room as dexterity-enhancing surgical assistants in answer to surgeons’ needs for ways to overcome the surgical limitations of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery. The 1st generation of surgical robots is being installed in a variety of operating rooms around the world already. These are not real autonomous robots; instead they are just lending a mechanical helping hand to surgeons. The actual methods by which these surgical robots are controlled are Remote control and voice activation methods. The Robotic surgical system helps surgeons to eliminate gallbladders and perform other surgical procedures while seated at a computer console and 3-D video imaging system across the operating room. The surgeon handles controls by their hands and fingers to coordinate a robotically controlled laparoscope. At the ends of the laparoscope are forward, articulating surgical instruments and miniature cameras that allow surgeons to peer into the body and perform the procedures. Robotic surgery makes use of Robots to perform surgery. Robotic surgery is different from a usual invasive surgery. Minimally invasive surgery (also called as laparoscopic surgery) is a general term for procedures that reduce trauma by performing operations through small ports rather than large incisions. Minimally invasive surgery is now common place for certain procedures. But till now, we haven't been able to use minimally invasive techniques for more difficult operations. With our trained and skilled surgeons and the robotic system, now we can use minimally invasive techniques in even the most complicated procedures like gastrointestinal surgery, Cardiac surgery, Neurosurgery, Urology, Gynecology, Orthopedics etc.

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The industrial applications consists of a power electronic converter, and a digital controller for implementing the control algorithms, motor and a feedback sensors,. Several faults can affect on the motor drive and also it affects the whole system and some critical applications such as power plants, railway locomotives, aerospace, automobiles, etc., here main important thing to avoid fault tolerance. In this project work, redundant technique used in VSI topology fed AC motor simulation models is discussed and simulation models are developed using MATLAB Simulink tool box. The performance studies are used to simulated models and to obtain the results in the form of asynchronous motor. An analysis of the performance of these drives under various faulty conditions has been presented. The investigation of redundant control techniques for AC motor drives is arousing lively interest, since it can extend their use to applications where high reliability is a key feature, such as automotive auxiliaries and aircraft.

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Electric Railway Traction Drive has been introduced as a solution to the environmental problem caused by the diesel or steam engines. Generally, an AC electrified railway system is supplied with 25kV, 50 Hz AC supply. It is fed to the traction motor after stepping down to three phase, 400V, 50Hz with the help of a transformer. This magnetically coupled transformer lead to high weight, several losses and reduced efficiency. The railway electric traction requires high voltage operation. This is achieved with the help of multilevel inverter. Among the various multilevel inverters, the cascaded multilevel inverter is best suited for railway traction application because of its modular structure and use of low rating devices. The single phase induction motors are widely used in the railway traction drive because of its low cost and weight, better torque characteristics, high reliability and less maintenance due to the absence of brushes. This thesis presents the application of the cascaded multilevel inverter in the transformer less railway traction drive. Cascaded inverters up to seven level have been simulated to and that THD increases with the increase in the voltage level. Various modulation techniques- Phase Shifted Modulation, Level Shifted Modulation were Implemented in the multilevel inverters to and out the best modulation techniques among them. This eliminates the need of a transformer in the railway traction drives and also results in the reduction in the Total Harmonic Distortion of the voltage to be supplied to the traction motors.

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Open first story and Floating column are typical features in the modern multi-storey constructions in urban India. Such features are highly undesirable in buildings built in seismically active areas; this has been verified in numerous experiences of strong shaking during the past earthquakes like Bhuj 2001. In this study an attempt is made to reveal the effects of floating column & soft story in different earthquake zones by seismic analysis. For this purpose Push over analysis is adopted because this analysis will yield performance level of building for design capacity (displacement) carried out up to failure, it helps determination of collapse load and ductility capacity of the structure. To achieve this objective, three RC bare frame structures with G+4, G+9, G+15 stories respectively will be analyzed and compared the base force and displacement of RC bare frame structure with G+4, G+9, G+15 stories in different earthquake zones like Rajkot, Jamnagar and Bhuj using SAP 2000 14 analysis package.

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The Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a collection of wireless nodes. These Mobile nodes are connected to each other via wireless link. This network doesn’t require any type of infrastructure or any centralized access point like base station. MANETS are highly venerable for Passive and Active Attacks because of their open medium, dynamic topology and lack of centralized monitoring. To protect the MANET from Active attack we are considering enhancement in Intrusion Detection System. To overcome problem of network overhead and for increase throughput propose a novel mechanism as “Adaptive Acknowledgment (AACK)” with Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol which accurately detect and isolate misbehavior node(s). Network Simulator2 is used to simulate and evaluate the proposed scheme.

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The proposed work is to present a methodology for segmenting, the nuclei of white blood cells based on Gram Schmidt orthogonalization & Sparse Representation for white blood cells classification. The differential counting of white blood cells reveals invaluable information to hematologist. These informations are very useful to hematologist for diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. The nucleus of white blood cells has the most information about type of white blood cells, thus an accurate segmentation of white blood cell’s nucleus seems to be helpful for other stages of automatic recognition of white blood cells. The system will focus on white blood cells disease, Leukemia. The system will use features of microscopic images & examine changes on texture, geometry, color, statistical. Changes in these features will be used as a classifier input.

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Heat exchanger is an important device in all the thermal systems. The heat exchanger is widely used equipment in different industries such as process, petroleum refining, chemicals, pharmaceutical and paper etc. after studying different literature about heat exchanger and double pipe heat exchanger problem is identified as To perform simulation and experimental investigation of double pipe heat exchanger with inner and annulas twisted tape at different mass flow rate. The system has followed different types of flow arrangement and geometric dimension with twisted tape to attain heat transferred in experimental result and compare with simulation result. The objective of these Experiments is to assist the general heat transfer processes and the methods and devices that can be implemented to enhance more heat transfer rate. The experimental setup and apparatus required to carry out the double pipe heat exchanger experiment. The apparatus includes tube-within-a-tube heat exchangers and twisted tap with threaded thermo couple at each end, a water pump and electric motor. These methods used to find out the heat transfer rate from the surface and related temperature of fluid motions also used to found the effectiveness. The Annular method in which twisted tape is outside the inner tube has higher rate of heat transfer than other three methods. Also same result wear found by simulation using ANSYS.

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