A colloidal synthesis of lead selenide ; zinc oxide, titanium dioxide heterostructures, comprising of small diameter lead selenide and zinc oxide nanocrystals, grown onto the surface of titanium dioxide nanorods is used to harness solar power to obtain a higher efficiency than what is being obtained nowocols.

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Object tracking and detection is first step in applications such as video surveillance. The main aim of object tracking has been developed to estimate location, velocity and distance parameters of moving objects with the help of static camera. Object tracking system requires accurate segmentation of objects from the background for effective tracking. Motion segmentation or optical flow can be used to segment incoming images. Optical flow allows multiple moving targets to be separated based on their individual velocities; optical flow techniques are prone to errors caused by changing lightning and occlusions, both common in surveillance environment. In this paper we propose a combined motion segmentation/optical flow algorithm for used in object tracking. Optical flow is calculated at pixel resolution and tracking of flow vectors is employed to improve performance and detect discontinuities, which can indicate the location of overlaps between objects.

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Biodiesel has become more attractive recently because of its environmental benefits and the fact that it is made from the renewable resources. The world is getting modernized and industrialized day by day. As a result vehicles and engines are increasing. But conventional energy sources used in these engines are limited and decreasing gradually, due to increase in the demand and scarcity in the availability of the fossil fuel, above said problems addresses a need of alternate fuel in order to overcome the present crisis. The researchers are attempting to develop the alternative fuel which is economical, environment friendly and a simple technology which is easy to understand and to implement. From the study of many researchers we came to know that, biofuels are having the potential need to serve as a fuel in compression ignition engine. In this paper, the results of some of the researchers have been summarized and compared to get the state of the art of Simarouba biodiesel production, its combustion, emissions and performances characteristics as CI engine fuels.

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India is densely populated country and Madhya Pradesh is its one of the biggest state which is densely populated too. Vidisha near Bhopal the capital of Madhya Pradesh is noisy, congested, polluted, and typically disordered. The roads in the city are crowded and interrupted by several movements and actions. Bus services and local transportation facilities become progressively worse and their efficiency and quality of service have been declining thus inducing passengers to turn to personalized modes and IPTs. This turns in restricting the traffic flow and also putting the road users life in danger. The number of death rates in accidents or fatality rate is increasing year by year. During the year 2014 total number of registered accidents are high upto 943 in which 177 persons were dead . Pedestrian deaths as a percentage of all road fatalities are also extremely high. Also, the adult working age group (18 to 60 years) accounted for more than 80 percent of all casualties. Due to the development of localities, schools , hosiptals by the side of national highway(NH-86) passing through the centre of city it becomes the most crowded and accidental prone area of the city. other accidental prone areas of the city constitute of curves and squares such as curve at rangai village road and at sagar-Ahmedpur square. We suggest that individual road safety audit for these locations should be carried out by a multi-disciplinary team of experts to suggest corrective measures.

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The structural strength is the key index to response the load bearing ability of the elevating equipment. Crane hook is a curved beam and is widely used for industrial and construction work site for lifting loads. Analytical experimental and numerical methods were used by various researchers to study stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition. The stress induced in crane hook must be analyzed in order to reduce failure for safety point of view. Study the different design parameter & stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition for different cross section. The stress concentration factors are used in strength and durability evaluation of structure and machine element.

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Google, have one of the most powerful server networks in the known Universe. In terms of Google, space and computational capacity of databases. Going with the Numbers - 91 million searches per day - Accounts for 50% of all internet searches - Virtual profiles of increasing number of users To access and store this huge data, Data warehouse architectures have been experiencing a rather dramatic evolution in recent years, and they will keep evolving into the foreseeable future. Scalable analysis on large data sets has been core to the functions of a number of teams at Google. Apart from ad hoc analysis of data and the creation of business intelligence dashboards by analysts across the company, a number of Google’s site features are also based on analyzing huge data sets, which range from simple reporting applications like Insights for the Google Advertisers, to more advanced kinds. So in this paper, we will study what data warehousing is and how it is shaping the Machine Learning, Business Intelligence, and Smart Advertising etc. Google is one of the most advanced company with advanced computational compatibility.

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In the present study focuses on soil structure interaction analysis of 3D 2x4 bay 4 story RC frame plan and vertical irregular building resting on isolated footing supporting on soil medium with different zones and soil types subjected to normal loads and seismic loads. There are 3 linear-elastic and isotropic models of the soil beneath the structure such as fixed base, spring model and soil continuum. The dynamic analysis is carryout on RC frame irregular structure using time history analysis by the fem software sap2000. Based on the results, comparing with 3 models it conclude that the soil structure interaction investigate effect are lateral displacement, natural frequency, story drift and base shear increases and natural period is decreases.

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the way we work and where we work changed dramatically over the years. No, no, we aren’t talking about our growing reliance on computers and the Internet, we’re talking about is a small subset of it. If you needed to run a specific program or a game, you needed to have a specific kind of device for it. Want to run a Windows compatible program? Get a Windows computer. Want to play a PlayStation title? Get PlayStation. Want to run Android app? Get a compatible Android device. But over times, things have changed. Besides our computers growing more powerful, something has obviously happened. We now also have plethora of tools and services that let us run software meant for one device on other devices across various platforms.

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Now-a-days secured communication is very essential against the unauthorized access, as all communications are possibly done over the internet. So we need to Trans-receive more confidential data with the more security. To provide more security we encrypt our secrete image and hide encrypted image into target image so it will provide more security. And by compressing we can we can reduce the image size so it will become easy to transmit secured image over the network. In this paper by using the improved LSB technique encrypted message can be hided into the target image.The encryption of the secret image is done by using steam cipher. So by using the hybrid combination of cryptography and steganography we provide security to our image transmission. Compression is done by using hybrid approach of DCT and DWT algorithm.

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Data Guard is most of the useful technique for high availability, disaster recovery and protection. Data Guard are providing high availability of your database because when your primary database is fails due To Some bugs(error)the Data Guard can switch to any standby database. The Standby database is Take Place Of primary database, so the availability of the database is high. This paper will study these changes and will see how active Data Guard is providing high availability with offloading workload to one or more standby databases and providing the opportunity to query real time data in Standby databases. Our approach is based on changing the parameters of TNS file and prevent the users to reconnect to Primary database again and again after Primary system failure.

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We live in the Information Era, the era of Big Data. Mountains of data are generated every day. But collecting mountains of data is of no use until we use the data for perception of some meaningful patterns in it. This is possible with predictive analytics which exploit patterns in historical and transactional data to identify risks, opportunities and future events. One such application of predictive analytics is customer segmentation which aims towards a deeper understanding of customer by using the breadcrumbs left by the customers in the form of data.

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Traffic control system is the need of the hour today since the traffic scenarios are changing enormously. However, the techniques used to control traffic have not changed. In case of any catastrophic scenario in real time, density of vehicles and intelligent traffic routing decisions are not taken into consideration in managing the traffic. In this paper, several existing techniques for road traffic management are discussed along with their Limitations. Researchers have used several methodologies like Image Processing, Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Networks, Embedded Systems, Wireless Sensor Networks for effective road traffic management, considering density of vehicles as an important parameter. A survey on these methodologies has been done and a comparative analysis has been presented.

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Conventional transmission system uses single plate clutch with a manual transmission gear box. Disengage clutch, Change gear, Gradually engage clutch thus three operations are to be performed while moving from one gear to another, hence in all 15 operations are performed to move to the top gear, it is important to note out of the 15 operations performed to reach the top gear…10 operations are clutch operations, hence making clutch operations automatic will reduce human effort. Automatic clutch control has another advantage, i.e, out of three pedals ie, one of accelerator pedal, Brake Pedal, Clutch pedal eliminating the clutch pedal will lead to easy driving as the controls become simple . Many methods of automatic clutch control namely electro-magnetic clutch, pneumatic clutch control etc have been tried but due inherent disadvantages and maintenance problems they have been replaced back by conventional method. The auto-disengagement single clutch employs only one set of compression springs instead of the usual two sets, with this arrangement it is possible to reduce the weights of the centrifugal members. The modified system utilizes the centrifugal force developed by engine acceleration, whereas the temporary dis-engagement of clutch required at the time of gear change is a solenoid actuated by switch in gear change knob. The hold time of the solenoid is only a few seconds thus prolongs solenoid life and reduces power consumption from battery.

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File transfer has been an essential process over huge period of time. These files which are being transferred may contain textual data, graphical data or multimedia files with audio or video content. To make this transfer of files happen, a very well-established protocol called File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is been developed in the 1980s to allow two computers to transfer files over the internet. But FTP in its basic form is not secure as the conversation between client and server is performed in plain text—all communication between the two parties is sent unprotected, over the internet. To overcome limitations of FTP, two mechanisms to secure file transfer are been introduced; one is “Secure Shell File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)” and the other is “File Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer (FTPS)”. Though SFTP and FTPS are the two terms which are often confused with each other, but they differ in many aspects. So motive of this paper is to study how SFTP and FTPS discriminate from each other through their functionalities and mode of operations and to conclude which one is better than other in various aspects.

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This paper describes waveform generator using a microcontroller 8051. The waveforms are used to analyze any electronics system. Different types of waveforms are generated with the help of system like saw tooth, sine wave, triangular wave and square wave. Here, we can generate waveform with minimal use of electronics components. The system provides good accuracy because of programmable device like microcontroller 8051. The waveforms are digitally-controlled to achieve the required wave shape. The single chip microcomputer of waveform generator offers the reprogrammable, simplified hardware, decreased power consumption and high efficiency system. The system is implemented in Proteus software. Proteus and Keil software are used for simulation.

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Purpose of monitoring parameters like temperature and humidity can be done with help of techniques like RFID based or Wi-sensors based systems. Such systems are not suitable in environment that is dusty, dirty and polluted. Due to above lacunas the proposed system is introduced. Propagation abilities are affected due to antenna parameter interference. Propagation abilities affected due to presence of large quantity of water is surely eliminated. The temperature of shipment is recorded by thermochron DS1921G and humidity sensor DHT11 that implements 1-wire protocol authentication purposes are served by thermochron so as to provide security as well as multitasking temperature monitoring. This proposed system exhibits the use of 1-wire protocol for the monitoring of pharmaceutical products and frozen food during transit. Micro- controller of ARM7 family LPC 2148FBD64 will be used at the heart of the system. Tracing of shipment will be done using GPS technology and notifying user by GSM technologies. To design and implement a system for monitoring temperature and humidity and recording the latitude and longitude (location) at particular time during transit is the main purpose of this paper. The monitoring system will be stored inside the cool box.

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Information on agricultural regionalization status constitutes an important aspect of agricultural geography as it provides a good basis to understand relative position of crops on regional scale. In order to facilitate planning and development of agriculture, a systematic study of agricultural regionalization has a great significance. Such inputs are indeed essential for proper management of agro-climatic constraints and to reach the destiny of sustainable agricultural development. The present study attempts to identify the agricultural regionalization status of Bilaspur district using quantitative technique. Beside it also presents systematical development of agricultural regionalization index. In order to get maximum level of accuracy the whole processing has been done under GIS environment with the help of data obtained from District Statistical Hand Book 2010-11.

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Recycled Concrete Aggregates are comprised of crushed, graded inorganic particles processed from the fabrics that have been applied in the constructions and demolition debris. The objective of this research project is to find the characteristics of Recycled Concrete Aggregates for application in high strength structural concrete, which will yield a fuller apprehension of the attributes of concrete with Recycled Concrete Aggregates, as an alternative material to coarse aggregate (NA) in structural concrete. The scope of this dissertation is to find and compare the effectiveness of concrete by using different percentage of Recycled Concrete Aggregates. Recycled Concrete Aggregate is also the case of artificial aggregate which is obtained from Construction and demolition (C&D) wastes. Constructions and demolitions are the procedures that work hand in hand. The demolished building rubble in India generally goes to waste in landfills. Recycling of these concrete waste materials from building demolition can provide a resolution to this problem. In this research work sieve analysis test, Specific gravity test, Water absorption test, Impact test, Crushing value test, Workability test and compressive strength test is carried out on recycle concrete aggregate and recycle aggregate concrete. There are M30 and M40 of concrete mixtures is prepared as per IS 10262:2009 these mixture contain recycle aggregate 10% to 100% on 10% interval.

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To suppress the fluctuation effect due to laser power instability and terahertz radiation fluctuation,different types of filtering method are proposed to process the terahertz images obtained from a pulsed terahertz raster scanning imaging system. The physical model of filtering for terahertz imaging is established. The mathematical expressions are given with the specific physical meaning in accordance with the imaging principle. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, a filtering experiment based on two raw terahertz images obtained from the femtosecond laser using a continuous-wave (CW) terahertz source is performed. The effect of the method and the advantages of different filtering are discussed. The pulsed- and CW-terahertz image processing results both show that in addition to suppressing the fluctuation effect, the method can also enhance target imaging.

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Fingerprint recognition is one of the most important techniques used in the field of biometric identification. This paper presents a latent fingerprint recognition technique followed by Q-learning approach for forensic application. Due to small area of the fingers and low quality it is necessary to extract all the features of the fingerprint for the effective matching. For minutia extraction Q-learning algorithm is used. The proposed method uses fuzzy & neural network for high recognition rate, high accuracy and it takes less time for recovery. The steps for this method are Fingerprint Acquisition, Fingerprint Enhancement using decomposition method and by median filter, Minutia Extraction using Q-learning algorithm, Removal of false Minutia using distance computation method & fingerprint recognition using neuro- fuzzy rule and neural network.

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Voltage, current and frequency are the three physical characteristics that define the power quality and power quality issue can be stated as “any occurrence manifested in current, voltage or frequency deviations that results in damage, upset or failure of end-use equipment’s”. The higher switching frequency and the non-linear properties of the power electronics devices are responsible for harmonics in the system and create power quality issue. So importance is being given to the development of Active Power Filters to solve harmonic problems and to improve power quality by reactive power compensation. This paper presents mathematical modeling and analysis of Shunt Active Power Filter which is implied to eliminate source voltage, load current harmonics and for reactive power compensation. The shunt active power filter is developed based on control strategy i.e. instantaneous active and reactive power theory (p-q theory) is used to generate the reference current for the filter controller is proposed. Shunt active filter makes the source current sinusoidal by eliminating current harmonics under balanced and unbalanced load conditions. Hysteresis current controller is implemented to generate the gating signals for IGBT’s in voltage source inverter. Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) is simulated and results are investigated through MATLAB/Simulink.

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This work presents a comparative study of evanescent field wave based fiber-optic liquid concentration sensors of two different configurations. The two different set-up being proposed here has the potential to detect concentration changes in a liquid to a good degree of precision.. Important characteristics of the proposed sensors are that they utilize inexpensive materials like multimode plastic optical fiber and are applicable for various solutions at normal temperatures. The amount of rays guided along the fiber probe is a result of the absorption of evanescent waves being produced at the core-cladding interface. A millivolt range multimeter displays voltage output which is an indicator of the refractive index of a certain concentration of a solution. The two separate set-up measures light intensities across unclad portion of a plastic clad silica optical fiber, where salt solutions of known concentrations serve as cladding regions. According to results, the sensitivity of the direct transmission mode is 1.23 and that of the reflection mode is 11.00 which follows that the reflection configuration mode is more sensitive than the other.

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Nowadays small & medium scale industries are facing certain problems in Ethiopia, resulting time to delivery issues, high cost of transportation. This paper focused on elimination of transportation waste between firm to distributor, customer. Using Clarke Wright Savings method optimized the transportation time and distance between firm to distributor, customer. Failure mode effect analysis helped for identified the major non valve added activities (Transportation waste).

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Several processing techniques like ultrasonic assisted casting, , powder metallurgy, high energy ball milling, friction stir casting are recently being used for the production of Aluminum matrix nano composites. During these processing techniques, grain growth takes place due to agglomeration of the reinforcing particles, which changes the microstructures. To control the grain size and agglomeration of nano particles during the processing and retaining the improved microstructure is a challenging task. This paper presents the properties of ACM ( Aluminium Composite Materials) from the literature.

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In India regularly, construction projects have met delays. This research has employed a questionnaire survey to elicit the causes of this situation by interviewing 31 Indian construction experts by paying visit to 18 residential construction sites. The survey was carried out by asking questionnaires to 8 project owners, 4 contractors, 10 site engineers, 3 project managers, and 6 supervisors. Seventy three (73) causes of delay appropriate with residential construction projects were inferred and ranked with respect to frequency of occurrence, degree of severity and importance indices. This causes were classified into nine (9) groups according the sources of delays; factors related to project, owner, contractor, consultant, design team, materials, equipment, manpower (labour), and external factors. Frequency of occurrence and degree of severity were categorized on a four-point scale.

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