In this paper, a plus shape MPA structure is proposed, which is loaded with metamaterial structures (CSRR and SRR) simulated at 57 GHz. It shows the metamaterial property at thickness of 1.57 mm and shows the reduction in return loss with huge enhancement in bandwidth up to 60 GHz. The proposed antenna is simulated in HFSS 13 and compared the result with regular patch antenna. The analysis shows reduction in return loss and enhancement of gain bandwidth which provides a bright future of scope for further analysis in this area.

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With the growing need for electricity, the utilities are now towards the transformation of their existing delivery assets to a smart grids and distribution management system has become the key enabler towards this transformation. Distribution Management System includes the two main themes that forms the focus areas of utilities – interoperability and reliability, enabling a decreased customer outage duration. The Fault Location, Isolation & Supply Restoration (FLISR) is the major module of the distribution management system. Any technological advancements in the FLISR module ensures improved effectiveness in the distribution management system. Thus, this paper provides the inclusion in FLISR component where in the helmet camera of the field personnel is integrated with the Distribution Management System that helps in operator in faster fault location and isolation. The solution is broadly around having a wireless camera in built /attached to the safety gear that the field staff /engineer uses while working in the field. The camera connects to the router and transmits that particular data to the network destination. This data can then be viewed through DMS_SCADA by a control room operator. Also, based on requirement mobile supervision access is possible and thus enabling the reliability in distribution service.

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The potential hazard resulting from uncontained turbine engine rotor blade failure has always been the long-term concern of each aero engine manufacturer. Usually, there are many factors involving the engine containment capability which need to be reviewed during engine design such as; case thickness, rotor support structure, blade weight and shape. By using INCONEL 625 alloy which is austenitic nickel-chromium-based superalloy, which is resistant to oxidation and corrosion and this material is well suited for service in extreme environment i.e., subjected to high pressure and kinetic energy. The first structure was a flat plate representing a standard case configuration. The second structure was a flat plate with a convex curve section at the impact point. The curved surface was designed to force the blade to deform plastically, dissipating energy before the full impact of the blade is received by the plate. The curved geometry of the casing was able to tolerate the higher impact velocity before failure. The computation model was developed and study is performed using ANSYS –LS DYNA. The optimization of weight is considered, by optimizing the shape of the casing by plane geometry to the convex curve geometry of casing.

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In This Paper, We Propose A Novel Design Of Adpll Which Should Operate In Synchronous With Dual Clock Memory. The Main Blocks Of Adpll Such As Digital Controlled Oscillators Are Implemented With A New Method In Digital Domain For Better Performance. The Digital Controlled Oscillator Is Designed Using Modified Counters Which Reduce The Delay Compared To Traditional Methods. The Increment Decrement Counter Is Modified From Previous Work And Is Designed Using Mux. 200 Hz Is The Central Frequency And Operational Frequency Range Is 997.0089 Hz To 1008.64 Hz Which Is The Lock Range Of The Design. Further The Adpll Is Designed Using Vhdl Language, Synthesized Using Xilinx Ise 14.5 And Implemented Using Xilinx System Generator For Data Serialization Using Spartan 6 Lx45 Fpga Board.

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We are proposing to allow the users to audit the cloud storage with very lightweight and ease of communication and computation cost. The auditing which we are going through our research paper result not only ensures strong cloud storage accuracy guarantee, but it also simultaneously achieves fast data error localization, i.e., the identification of hacker information. And securely we are introducing an effective TPA, which is a auditing process which results in bringing in no new vulnerabilities towards user data privacy, and can introduce no additional online burden to user. In this paper, we are going to propose a secure cloud storage system which supports privacy-preserving public auditing. We will further extend our result to enable the TPA to perform audits for various users certainly and efficiently. This shows the proposed scheme is highly efficient and data modification attack, and useful in even server colluding attacks.

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To fulfil the requirements of vacuum in sugar & pharmaceutical industries, condenser plays very important part. So the selection of condenser is very vital, in the present study a Multi-nozzle jet spray condenser (Barometric) has been designed and analysed instead of a single nozzle jet spray condenser. This work has been done for the sugar department of the Armstrong Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd. Single jet spray condenser gives an efficiency of 59% in the sugar factory but after using Multi Nozzle Jet spray condenser an efficiency of 79% has been find. After studying and analysing the data given by sugar division regarding their requirements of condenser design and capacity a thorough study has been done and results show that condenser efficiency and vacuum efficiency comes out to be 78.54% and 98.92% respectively. A correlation between vacuum and time has also been established Pv=0.0681×T1.24. The characteristics curves have also been drawn.

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In sheet metal bending, the springback phenomenon leads to undesired effects on the geometry and dimensions of the formed parts. One of the main causes that lead and influence the intensity of this instability phenomenon is the state of residual stresses generated by the bending process in the deformed material. To establish an interaction between springback and distribution of stresses it must be known the law of variation of their parameters, their factors of influence and their causes. The magnitude of residual stresses significantly affect the load carrying capacity and the fatigue strength of the formed member, so residual stresses distribution is essential to be find out. This paper reviews the various parameters affecting on residual stress & spring back such as punch angle, sheet thickness, punch tip radius, punch height, bending force, clearance between punch and die, sheet anisotropy etc.

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This research work is done to obtain different properties of fibre reinforced recycled aggregate concrete using artificial sand, and to find the optimum percentage replacement of recycled coarse aggregate in concrete with constant 50% replacement of river sand by artificial sand in addition with 1.5% steel fibres, further to compare the properties of conventional concrete with fibre reinforced recycled aggregate concrete using artificial sand. To carry out this experimental work the specimens were casted using different percentage replacement of recycled coarse aggregate i.e. (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%) with constant 50% replacement of river sand by artificial sand in addition with 1.5% steel fibres. And results shows that recycled coarse aggregate can be replaced up to 40% for production of M30 grade concrete with constant 50% replacement of river sand by artificial sand in addition with 1.5% steel fibres, and it is observed that the strength of concrete is reducing with increase in replacement percentage of recycled coarse aggregate with constant 50% replacement of river sand by artificial sand in addition with 1.5% steel fibres, however strength achieved by conventional concrete is less than the strength achieved by concrete which is produced with 100% replacement of recycled coarse aggregate by natural coarse aggregate with constant 50% replacement of river sand by artificial sand in addition with 1.5% steel fibres. By using this we can produced green concrete, sustainable concrete or ecofriendly concrete by using artificial sand as fine aggregate and replacement of natural coarse aggregate by recycled coarse aggregate in a concrete.

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Word recycles means to reproduce any waste product and aggregate is used in concrete to supply force and together it means an aggregate made with waste material which is going to be applied in concrete. Brick aggregate is derived from demolished concrete structures. When any concrete structure is demolished, the parts demolished of concrete structure can used as brick aggregate. In this research project properties of brick aggregate is determined and also brick aggregate is used in concrete of M40 grade, as well. Then a comparative study is also made out of brick aggregate with natural crushed stones.

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The present day Systems are operating in two or more frequency bands, requiring Dual or even triple band operation with narrowband antennas. This requirement is demanding a lot more of research in the field of antenna design. These include GPS, Satellite navigation system, wireless cellular system and LANs. Recent advances in the software defined and reconfigurable radio networks allow the multiple band operation of the systems. One of the specific advantage of the software defined reconfigurable radio network is that the operating frequency can be changed even after the device is manufactured. A multiband Microstrip patch antenna is simulated by meandering the slots to reduce the overall dimensions of the patch and to make the system much more embedded, the performance of the antenna is optimized and analyzed using the Ansoft high frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The antenna is designed to function satisfactorily in the radio band of L, S, C and X, Covering a wide range of radio frequency. Antenna has the six active frequency bands and the Centre frequency of the bands are 1850 MHz, 2910 MHz, 5580 MHz, 6880 MHz, 8340 MHz, 9430 MHz respectively. Out of frequency bands L and S are employed in mobile communication while the C and X band are used in the satellite communication purpose. The proposed antenna provides good return loss S11 and VSWR in the range of 1 < VSWR < 1.5 for all the operating band of frequencies.

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Graphical passwords effectively used in authentication system to prevent unauthorized access to mobile device. The security of these mobile devices are limited by shoulder surfing, it refer to direct observation techniques someone’s shoulder to get information. Graphical password scheme have been developed to obstruct this attack. We represent efficient techniques towards the graphical authentication system. Graphical password scheme simply refer the color. The colors are represented in the circle and circle containing the different sector having the alphabets and number. Graphical password scheme prevent the accidental login and the shoulder surfing. User is entering his information at the time of creating an account, that time user enter his favorite color. When user is login, user can rotate the sector in such a way that the alphabets or digits which is in the password that should be comes in the favorite color and then press the button confirm. Likewise user is entering his whole password, till the length of that password. Finally press the login button and then user is successfully login without shoulder surfing. So that attacker doesn’t get the password whatever is entering in the system.

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Information and communication technology has grown rapidly and internet is the most popular communication medium nowadays. As the demand of more secure transmission has increased, so different steganography approaches have been proposed. In this paper we also present and evaluate my contribution to design the novel approach for image Steganography and named it as variable-rate approach. In this paper three image steganography methods with variable rate of embedding are proposed. A new algorithm is described for hiding a secret image in the least significant bits of a cover image. This method supports both type of images color and gray scale image. How many LSB hides the secret information is decided by the exclusive-or (XOR) operation of a pixel’s neighbor. Experimental results show that the algorithm generally hides images without significant changes to the cover image, where the results are sensitive to the smoothness of the cover image.

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This paper presents the methodology for design and fabrication for leather groove cutter machine for double roller ginning machine to fabricate new machine for ginning industry. The main objectives of the fabrication to reduced grooving time and increase productivity. The paper aims to complete fabrication of leather groove cutting machine for double roller ginning machine which consist the leather roller and grinding cutter .In this project we first done CAD modeling using CATIA .In first stage of fabrication area of maximum stress was identified related to the accuracy.

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In automotive industry, weight reduction is important and active demand because of payload capacity improvement, fuel efficiency and emission reduction. Reduction of the chassis frame weight represents one of the keys to reaching this goal, but requirements on chassis frame stiffness generally make any weight reduction difficult. The problem of finding the compromise between stiffness and weight of chassis frame is therefore of high importance. In this work, vehicle road load significance of the heavy vehicle ladder type chassis frame torsional stiffness studied, and the two method analysed to obtain chassis frame stiffness using finite element analysis based on the vehicle loading. Obtained stiffness will be closer in case of spring bracket loading which can be used to analyse the vehicles handling behaviour. The method yields insights into analysing chassis frame stiffness which is closer to vehicle actual running condition and highlights critical aspects of chassis frame design.

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The goal of de-noising method in Wavelet de-noising removes the noise present in the image while preserving the image characteristics regardless of its frequency content. Wavelets preserve visual quality and also maintain the diagnostically significant details of medical images. The purpose of de-noising is to remove the noise while retaining the edges and other detailed features as much as possible. In this paper a wavelet based denoising technique is evaluated by implementing the improved algorithm on medical images with simulated noise. To conclude standard parameters like MSE and PSNR are used for image evaluation.

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This paper presents an algorithm for a double integrator with bounded velocity and bounded control inputs: given a set of points in Rd, find the fastest tour over the point set. Asymptotic bounds on the time taken to complete such a tour in the worst-case then a stochastic version of the travelling problem for double integrator in R2 and R3 are incorporated in the algorithms subjected to operation and stability constraints. Proposed algorithms performances are within a constant factor from the optimum.

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In this paper the main focusing view is how to safe our environment from fossil fuel gases which is non-renewable and affecting the atmosphere. Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator. Quite often, the flue gas refers to the combustion exhaust gas produced at power plants. Its composition depends on what is being burned, but it will usually consist of mostly nitrogen derived from the combustion air, carbon dioxide (co2), and contains a valuable percentage of a number of pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. To reducing the fuel gases amount in the atmosphere we using the MWNT (multi walled carbon nano-tube) sheet as a filter at the top of the chimney cause reduced pollutant gas exiting to the atmosphere. It is a nano technology which had remarkable features, also quit innovating structure.

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In recent years, a significant improvement in multimedia technologies has been observed and therefore, transmission of these data over the network is very common. The network (mainly internet) is not a secure channel and it has a number of security related problems. To achieve security of multimedia data over an insecure channel, a number of encryption methods have been developed. This paper gives a study on different methodology to evaluate image encryption techniques proposed in the literature. Only the visual inspection is not enough and therefore a number of parameters like, correlation coefficient, NPCR. UACI, information entropy, compression friendliness, PSNR, histogram analysis etc., are used, to judge the quality of encrypted images.

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Two factor authentications in internet banking system describes a method of implementing connectionless two factor authentication using mobile phones in the field of Internet Banking. The proposed method guarantees that authenticating to services, such as online banking transactions is done in a very secure manner. The proposed system involves using mobile phones a token for One Time Password generation (OTP). The generated One Time Password is valid for only a short user defined period of time and is generated by specific algorithms like TOTP and verified using Secured Cryptographic Algorithm. Additionally, an SMS-based mechanism and tracking user behavior method is implemented as there is large area of concern in security. In this system implementation we have also focused on the security which is provided to the user during the online banking transactions. Thus the proposed system is also adding the extra layer of security at the point where you enter information online. The service helps to prevent unauthorized access to users account before it happens by confirming your identity by providing additional security messages.

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Fatigue is the important aspect in the rigid pavement design. Due to applications of the heavy loads fatigue occurs in the pavement in the form of micro cracks. fatigue concepts which is an important parameter in cement concrete pavement and mainly failure occurs due to fatigue failure. Therefore study has been done in order to study the fatigue concepts. In this paper fatigue behaviour of CC pavement has been assessed using finite element method. Stress analysis for single and tandem axles have been carried out. Based on the IRC recommendation, allowable repetitions are calculated.

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Energy is the key concern area in Wireless Sensor Networks due to lack of power source, maximum energy is used in transmission of data. This paper proposes a new routing approach based on hierarchical routing protocol LEACH where clusters are refreshed periodically based on remaining energy and distance. We propose that the network area in Q-LEACH protocol on the basis of dividing whole network into four quadrants and each quadrant performs individually. In LEACH-E protocol, all nodes have same energy and same probability of suitable the cluster head. After the first round, energy level of each node changes and then the amount of residual energy of each node is used to select cluster head nodes. The nodes with highest residual energy are chosen on rest of the nodes. In this protocol, cluster head (CH) selection is based on the highest energy by the base station.

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the polymer blend of Polyamide66 and Polyamide6 (PA66/PA6) (80wt. %/20wt. %) were selected for the study. These blends were reinforced with 10,20 and 30wt. % of silane treated short glass fibers( SGF) and these composites were prepared by using melt mixing method with the help of twin screw extruder. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength were studied in addition to hardness of the blend composites as per ASTM. The results revealed that the addition of SGF into PA66/PA6 blend enhanced the mechanical properties of the polymer blend. Low loading of SGF into the blend experienced deterioration in tensile and flexural strength. But the higher loading of SGF into the blend increased the strength of the composite remarkably. The density of PA66/PA6 blend increased after the SGF addition. The impact strength of the studied composites was appreciable after higher loading of SGF into the blend. The decreasing trend was due to the immiscible nature of PA66 and PA6 phases due to different structural geometry in the polymer chain. However, the effect of higher loading of SGF into the blend on the mechanical behavior is greatly appreciable.

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Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy available in abundant quantity on our planet. Portable water availability for mankind is the matter of concern in this era. Purification of water using solar energy is getting popularity day by day. It is method in which one can obtain fresh water from saline as well as polluted water without any running cost. In this paper various methods applied for desalination are reviewed. Various modifications applied in solar still for performance enhancement are discussed in this paper.

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In recent years the Android Technology with web-services has brought many drastic changes in mobile application development field. The management of accurate and up-to-date information regarding a student’s academic career is difficult and time consuming task for the schools. Now-a-days the information to parents regarding their ward is provided through post cards, SMS or Email, but these techniques are very much hectic time inefficient and lengthy. Hence this application provides a solution through a simple interface for maintenance of student information. This application provides a generalized solution to monitor the various works that are carried out by a school for managing it. It helps parents to get detailed information regarding to their ward such as attendance, fees due, result, progress report, important notices, school’s event details, information about teachers etc. using the android application. It also contains query message option for parents so that parents can interact with the college faculty through this application. It also facilitate parents to gain all the notifications about the activities held in the college. Also SMS based mechanism is implemented to send notifications for those parents who don’t have an android mobile. Each individual parent will be get the details of his/her ward only.

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The Remote Sensing and GIS plays a vital role to investigate wildlife and its habitat. Wetland is the most prominent place for bird habitats and for their breeding, nesting, and rearing young. Also it’s a source for drinking water, feeding, resting, shelter, and social interactions. Vedanthangal wetland acts as a feeding site for many migratory and resident bird species. The rapid encroachment and changes in the wetland surroundings, pose a great threat to the birds that come to the wetland for feeding. It is essential to analyze the level of potentiality to the birds, to find the threats and to study the influences of bird occurrence. Therefore, this study involves to prepare a map showing the potential feeding sites for the wetland birds and also to provide detailed spatial information showing the levels of threat. In the total study area of 158.44 sq.km, it is found that 27.67% of area is potential as feeding site for birds and 10.48% of the area is under threat. Thereby, action plan maps are prepared which could aid in the conservation of wetland for the sustainable feeding site for the birds. This study enhances the innovative ideas to apply for large area extent and for the sustainability of birds.

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