Many applications benefit from using IP Geolocation to determine the geographic location of hosts on the Internet. This is a challenging problem because the IP addresses do not structurally contain information about the corresponding geographic locality. By knowing the location of consumers in real time, web sites can display localized content, server bandwidth balancing, improve click-through and sales, prevent Internet frauds, and implement many other solutions. This survey paper shows the study over basics of geolocation, different IP geolocation based techniques with their detailed methodology of working, pros and cons of existing techniques of IP geolocation. The methods, which we have reviewed in this paper are Shortest Ping, GeoPing, CBG, Statistical, Learning based, TBG and Octant. These methods are used for finding out the geographic location of the internet hosts.

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The Energy consumption is increasing day by day which is causing an adverse effect on the environment. To reduce this cause the energy management is important. The energy auditing is the way to successful running of an organization with saving energy & contributing toward preserving national recourses of energy. Managing energy is not a just technical challenge but one of how to best implement those technical challenges within economic limits, and with a minimum of disruptions. In this paper importance of energy auditing and process of energy audit is discussed.

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Video data forms the major traffic in today’s internet. Quality Of internet video has a great impact on user engagement. Video encoding and streaming over wireless networks become a big concern. Real time video service requires low end-to-end delay, which mainly consists of video encoding delay, queuing delay, and transmission delay. The major concern is to reduce the queuing delay which has high impact on the video quality. Bufferbloat is one of the main reasons for experiencing high queue latency at the intermediate nodes. Several AQM techniques were used in reducing queue latency, but optimization of buffer size is never achieved. In this work, a comparative study between the CoDel and Adaptive CoDel and their effectiveness of reducing the queuing delay to increase the network bandwidth utilization for video streams which will result in better quality of video are discussed briefly.

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An ad-hoc network has a dynamic topology. The network is self-organizing and adaptive which repeatedly changes its topology. Nodes can be easily added into the network and hence security issues are a major concern in such networks. It’s broadcasting character and transmission medium helps the attacker to interrupt the network. In this paper, we have elaborated on a severe attack called as wormhole attack, its causes and the techniques that are available to detect and prevent the attack. Also a comparative study of the techniques is done and their pros and cons have been stated.

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The project is designed to develop a control system for Electronic Power Assisted Steering (EPAS), a small compact unit requiring only a battery connection to work. The EPAS has an Engine Control Unit (ECU). The inputs to the ECU are torque and speed sensors. EPAS uses DC motor to assist the driver of a vehicle. Sensors detect the position and torque of the steering column and a computer module applies assistive torque via the motor, which connects to either the steering gear or steering column. This allows varying amounts of assistance to be applied depending on driving conditions. Electronic power steering systems eliminate the need for a pump, hoses and a drive belt connected to the engine using variable amounts of power. The configuration of an EPAS system can allow the entire power assist the system to be packaged on the rack and pinion steering gear or in the steering column. The system does not drag on the engine from either a power steering pump or alternator because it will not assist until required by driver input. Also, there is no hydraulic fluid. This system has an advantage in fuel efficiency because there is no belt driven hydraulic pump constantly running, whether assistance is required or not, and this is a major reason for their introduction. This greatly simplifies manufacturing and maintenance. By incorporating stability control electronic power steering systems can instantly vary torque assist levels. This project programs ECU and the output the ECU drives the DC motor. The DC motor controls the movement of the steering. This paper analyzes the influence of coloumn type assist on steering.

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India is any agricultural country and most of people i.e.70% depends on agriculture. So detection of leaf disease plays a vital role. Commonly found diseases are bacteria, fungi, viral, etc. observation through naked eye of experts is the traditional approach adapted in practice for detection and identification of plant disease. To overcome the disadvantage of traditional approach automatic leaf detection of plants by different image processing technique can be useful. In this paper we review the need of simple plant leaf diseases detection system that would facilitate advancement in agriculture along with some hardware solution like providing useful fertilizers. It include several steps viz .image acquisition, image pre-processing, feature extraction, neural network classification. We are using ARM controller which is interfaced with LCD display, Relay Driver circuit, Ultrasonic Level Sensor. The Communication between the master and slave unit is done by using wireless sensor.

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The proposed Advertisement system for products planned to design for both companies as well as users. At user end, the system work as a window shopping system, so that before purchase any product, they at least see in their city at different stores, the price difference, and finally select the best and lowest store from which they get product in minimum cost. At companies end, the most important benefit is save advertisement cost. If system like this will exists in market, where advertisement is free, in this case after popular of system, they apply for their advertisement and as per the availability they will get a web space for showing their product and their selling budget.

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Text mining has been around for many years in order to extract latent information from textual documents. However, there is meta-data associated with the textual documents. Such data is nothing but the provenance information, links related to documents, user access related data. The meta-data plays a vital role in understanding the documents and their usage dynamics. Based on this information it is possible to achieve clustering of such documents. Textual and non-textual information can be used to help improve clustering process. However, knowing the importance of meta-data and how it is useful in clustering is non trivial. Therefore it is important to make use of meta-data that is important and reliable in order to use it for clustering process. There is noise that can be understood and removed in order to achieve quality in clustering. In this paper we propose and implement a mechanism that helps in making effective clustering. We built a prototype application that can be used to demonstrate the proof of concept. The empirical results revealed that the proposed mechanism works fine for clustering textual data based on associated meta-data.

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for several decades there have been two major trends that have had a critical impact on IT systems. The first is the ever increasing speed of CPU and second trend is the exponential growth of data size due to increased number of users, devices and IT applications in almost all areas of life. This leads to the problem of capturing, storing, managing and analyzing terabytes or petabytes of data, stored in multiple formats, from different internal and external sources. Moreover, new applications scenarios like weather forecasting, trading, artificial intelligence etc. need huge data processing in real time. Also users are now demanding more decision-enabling information on the tip of the finger. Hence, organizations are adapting to new data management solutions such as In Memory Database System (IMDS) or Main Memory Database systems (MMDB) which store their data in main physical memory and provide very high-speed access compared to traditional On Disk DBMS. This phase of the work provides overview of MMDB system, its characteristic, different available products and challenges associated with choosing and implementing MMDBs. Overview and features of Oracle Times Ten Database are mentioned as an example to explain the concept. In the next phase of the work, experimental study is proposed to arrive at optimal software, hardware and database configurations to ensure optimal performance for most widely used applications and user scenarios.

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Distributed Reflection Denial of Service attack (DRDoS) is usually proposed so that to avoid the client hosts from receiving requested resource. The requests which the client sends to the server are reflected to block genuine clients. The above mentioned attack is referred to be more severe as it can able to fool the server and can even damage the data. There are certain kinds of protocols used against the DRDoS attack. Here, the Priority Based Method (PBM) algorithm is introduced. PBM can differentiate reflected packets from the authorized ones effectively which is the stepping stone in detecting DRDoS attacks. PBM algorithm is used to calculate the priority between flow pairs and thereby gives an alert based on the present threshold. PBM algorithms when proposed can detect network attacks and even makes a way to reduce the network congestion.

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A replacement nonisolated multiinput multioutput dc–dc boost convertor is planned during this paper. Electrical Vehicles (EVs) develop space with the considerations of gas emission and energy crisis. Electrical Motors, those area unit used for electron volt propulsion should have high potency for optimum utilization of the energy from batteries and/or fuel cells. A combined circuit for motor drives with associate impedance Network beside twin mode management for EV/HEV applications is planned. The pc circuit permits the magnet motor to figure in motor mode or acts as boost inductors of the buck converter, and thereby boosting the output force coupled to constant gear or dc-link voltage of the converter connected to the output of the pc circuit. Bifacial charging supports battery energy injection back to the grid. Though the auto makers have reduced the greenhouse gases like hydro-carbons, CO, carbonic acid gas, etc., from the vehicle, they can't turn out a zero-emission vehicle unless they turn out an electrical vehicle (EV). An electrical vehicle is Associate in Nursing emission (AEVSNE) free, environmental friendly vehicle. The planned convertor has only one inductance. Reckoning on charging and discharging states of the energy storage system (ESS), 2 totally different power operation modes area unit outlined for the convertor. So as to style the convertor system, small-signal model for every operation mode is extracted. The validity of the planned convertor and its management performance area unit verified by simulation and experimental results for various static operation to default conditions.

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Cloud may be a platform providing dynamic resource pools, virtualization & high handiness. It idea enforced to beat our regular computing downside like hardware software package resource handiness and connected aspects. Cloud computing may be a service that is definitely on the market on market once you need it you'll begin the service and once you don't need you stop the service and you pay it for what you employ, you would like a laptop or laptop computer to access the Cloud Services. cloud software system offers form of designated applications that enable the users to put in writing documents, draw graphs, and compile categories and programs. The analysis paper is concentrate on requirement of cloud os. This Paper additionally concentrate on harness power of dataflow in cloud os.

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It is evident that usage of machine learning methods in disease diagnosis has been increasing gradually. In this study, we will detect disease like Diabetes using ontology and genetic based machine learning approach. The first is an ontology-based classification that can directly incorporate human knowledge, while the second is genetic-based data mining algorithm that learns or extracts the domain knowledge from medical data in implicit form. The ontological modeling describes the relationship between classes and individuals. The Genetic-based data mining algorithm is a combination of genetic algorithm and machine learning tools for supervised learning which implement different classifiers. It is useful for analyzing the Diabetes disease with the help of symptoms. It is also better to suggest what kind of precautions the patient should take. In this way, these methodologies can be applied to help patients, students and physicians to decide the disease diabetes the patient has, what is the stage of disease and how it can be treated.

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The Growth rate of the internet exceeds day by day and with this, there is a very obvious need to protecting sensitive data from getting leak or misused anyway. Currently there are many techniques of encryption and decryption out there for audio as well as text data. This paper focuses on Encryption and Decryption Techniques for audio and text knowledge. This presents a literature survey Encryption technique that are used for encoding on Audio and Text Data.

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The paper shows an improvement of acoustical transmission loss on single expansion chamber muffler by using Helmholtz resonator with same gas volume. A reactive muffler (silencer) is an important noise control equipment for reduction of exhaust noise and other noise source which involves the flow of gases. Mufflers are typically arranged along the exhaust pipe as the part of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine to reduce its noise. Here basic term is used for noise attenuation namely transmission loss (TL). An experimental method for muffler’s transmission loss (TL) measurement for central inlet and central outlet muffler shows the validation of result. Finite element analysis tools comsol multiphysics used to validate the results. The wave 1-D is also used to validate the results. This paper is involving an improvement of transmission loss on first cut off frequency by the modeling of Helmholtz resonator.

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Sulphate attack is considered one of the major deteriorative problems occurred when the cement based materials, such as concrete, mortars and buildings exposed to the acidic environment. Water borne sulphates react with hydration products of the tri-calcium aluminate (C3A) phase of Portland cement, and with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) to form an expansive crystalline product called ettringite. Sulphates also cause chemical disintegration of some of the cement hydration products. The present paper focuses on the effect of sulphates on the compressive strength properties of the fly ash blended cement. In this investigation the work is carried out to examine sodium, magnesium, ammonium, ferrous, calcium sulphates particularly affecting the strength parameter which are added in different proportions (2000, 2500 and 3000 mg/l) to cement and its effect is studied on cement mortars at different curing ages (7, 28, 90, 180 days). Deionised water was used for mixing the cement mortar specimens and curing. These properties were compared to the control mortar mixes which were cast using deionised water and with no sulphate concentration. From this investigation, it is observed that, compressive strength values of mortar mixes were reduced at all curing periods with the increase of sulphate concentration for all the combinations of sulphate. These values were lower than those of control mortar mixes. It is concluded that proper preventive measures should be taken against these sulphate attacks to control the deterioration of mortar mixes.

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with increasing demand and consumption of cement, researchers and scientist are in search of developing Alternate binders that are ecofriendly and contribute towards waste management. The utilization of industrial and agricultural waste produced by industrial processes has been the focus on waste reduction. One of the agro waste sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) which is a fibrous waste product obtained from sugar mills as byproduct. Juice is extracted from sugar cane then ash produced by burning bagasse in uncontrolled condition and at very high temperature. The present paper deals with the effect on strength and mechanical properties of cement concrete by using fly ash. And bagasse ash comparatively. The utilization of fly-ash in concrete as partial replacement of cement is gaining immense importance today, mainly on account of the improvement in the long term durability of concrete combined with ecological benefits. Technological improvements in thermal power plant operations and fly-ash collection systems have resulted in improving the consistency of fly-ash.

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Solar plays a very vital role in our day to day life. In this paper it is discussed that how solar power is utilized for delivering power to the tricycle, which will reduce the effort of the humans. The discussion covers the design, assembly and performance calculation. This paper comprises all the calculation and information of the main components. This Tricycle is well designed and can be shown as good replacement for indigenous model used by disabled person.

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The River Gomti is called the life line of the city Lucknow. The source of domestic water in Lucknow city is river Gomti. About 66% population of Lucknow city is depends upon the water of River Gomti. Aishbagh and Balaganj are the two Water Treatment Plant which are treating the water of River Gomti and after that it is supplied to the city. This paper presents the analysis the physicochemical parameters of water of River Gomti at different locations and in different season (Pre Monsoon, Monsoon and Post Monsoon) and Study of trend of change of physicochemical properties of the water with time. In this research paper evaluate different parameters of gomti river water. The samples are taken from nine different locations of the river Gomti ie. Gaughat, Hardng Bridge, Daliganj Bridge, Hanuman Setu, Nishatganj Bridge, Gomti Brrage, Shaheed path, Bharwara STP and Indira Canal Aquaduct. Laboratory tests are conducted of these samples and they are compared with standard parameters and also compared to each other with time. Parameters like pH, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD and Total Hardness were determined. The parameters showed that the quality of water is not now in safe limit and not good for flora and fauna, but the situation is alarming and degradation is in continuous process, therefore to improve the quality of water. Since, the water of River Gomti is used for drinking purpose in Lucknow city, the continuous monitoring of the pollution level is necessary and immediate action is required for its better management.

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Inventory is a batch of physical goods in large quantities which are stored by companies for efficient supply of goods to end users. Based on a preliminary survey with companies which store and sell products use technologies such as RFID and manual human intervention. We came across the lack of shelf-level item tracking, real time tracking in addition to cost effectiveness. In this paper, we have implemented a new approach for easier inventory management. The paper discusses about shelf-level inventory tracking system for products by using weighing scales. It allows the user to access the inventory details in real time along with essential notifications. The inventory can also be tracked from anywhere via the internet.

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Here we have one of the algorithms which are based on selection of username and images as a password. From this paper we are trying to give bunch of images on basis of alphabet series position of characters in username. Hence cloud is provided with graphical password authentication. Other advantages of this system are it is a Shoulder-Surfing Resistant Graphical Password Scheme. We applied this way to create the persuasive click-based graphical password scheme, Persuasive Cued Click-Points (PCCP) check usability and security. Steganography is hidden communication which means to hide the very reality of a message from a third party. Due to growing use for security of data, image Steganography is popular. The ancient image Steganography algorithm is Least powerful Bit embedding, but it can be easily detected by the attackers as it fix data sequentially in all pixels. Instead of constantly embedding data, data can be inserting in random pixels, but it causes speckles in the image. A superior approach is to hide the data in the sectors like fringes. Essentially above system help graphical password, cued click points and edge-LSB Steganography for cloud security (i.e. secure criminal cloud).

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Cloud-based storage services are rapidly increasing and becoming an emerging trend in data storage fields. Cloud based storage are commonly used by millions of users with large storage capacity for each user to store large amount of data. People use Cloud Based Storage for their daily demands for backing up data, sharing the files to their friend via Social Network. Users stores large amount of data in Cloud and they may access that large amount of data later on. Due to large amount of data, system load is heavy in cloud. There are some problems in processing Big-files in Cloud. In this survey paper, we discussed different methods which dealt with the problem of accessing Big-Files easily in cloud. One of the solutions to resolve problem is Lightweight metadata i.e. Key-Value store in Database.

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This paper describes coin based universal mobile charging with solar tracking system. The main intention is to provide mobile charging facility easily in various places such as stations, offices, school, malls, etc. In this project use of solar system is being installed. This can be used where sufficient grid power is not available such as rural areas where people face problems such as load shedding. A user can charge a mobile by inserting a coin into the insertion box. Two pair of LDR sensor will check whether the coin is fair or not. This design is based on ATMEL 89c51RD2 a 40 pin micro controller which is used to display the message on LCD, to select appropriate charger and to control solar tracking system. Solar tracking is done using distinctive LDRs.

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In any application, the recommender system plays a main role. These systems assist the users to make a proper decision on the basis of the recommendations provided by the application. Recommender systems provide the personalized recommendations based on the users interest and preferences. Users have to search number of pages on internet to find appropriate information on any particular topic. It is difficult to process such a big data and also very time consuming. There are many recommendation algorithms currently used by many applications, e-commerce websites like collaborative filtering, knowledge based filtering, etc. Here we have proposed a recommender system which uses Context aware graph based recommendation algorithm to provide relevant, personalized recommendations which overcome the drawbacks of both the techniques, thereby increasing accuracy. Context-aware recommender systems adapt the contextual situations of the user and generate more effective recommendation. A graph based approach is proposed to assist the decision support to users and accept contextual information like day time, location, day type, company involved, etc. and process it in an advantageous manner. Here, we have described the application of such system within the domain of hotels.

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Recently use of renewable sources has increased, these sources include fuel cell, photo voltaic, and wind turbine. Islanding occurs when one portion of grid is isolated from remaining grid. Use of the renewable sources can provide continuous power to isolated portion in islanding condition. One of the common renewable sources is wind generation using wind turbine. Efficiency of wind generation can be increased in combination with conventional sources. When islanding occurs, few parameters change which may be frequency, voltage, active power, and harmonics. According to large change in one of these parameters islanding is detected. In this paper two passive methods Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) and Rate of change of Power (ROCOP) have been implemented for islanding detection of small wind-turbine. Islanding detection of both methods have been simulated in PSCAD. Simulation results show at different islanding inception angle response of ROCOF and ROCOP

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