In today’s world, intelligent automation is required for the solution of new challenges that emerges from the different disciplines of engineering. Especially in manufacturing and process industries, one of the biggest problem is to meet new market demands for flexibility and re-configurability, this field of research area attract number of researchers. An open standard IEC-61499 address this problems. This paper discuss the design of distributes industrial application with IEC-61499 standard in FBDK simulation software. This paper also discuss about designing of well-known discrete PID controller to control the level of Tank system. FBDK (Function Block Development Kit) and FBRT (Function Block Run Time) are freeware simulation software commonly used for simulation and validation of distributed control application. FBDK is compatible with IEC-61499.

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This paper gives you insight about the two methodologies namely response surface methodology (RSM) and Grey relational analysis (GRA). Both the methodologies are used for optimization of machining parameters but RSM has an edge over GRA in the fact that in can locate optimal space better. RSM has its own design for output response model formulation(example MRR and surface roughness) based on input parameters and comparing the predicted values of models with the confirmation runs while GRA experimental design based on Taguchi orthogonal array and normalising the response values by performing certain sequence of steps and then comparing the predicted value with confirmation runs. For example if there are three input parameters (example speed, feed and depth of cut) and each has three levels so total possible combination is twenty seven. So the difference lies in the fact that GRA will find an optimised input parameter based on predetermined levels but RSM will explore the optimal region more effectively and can find the optimised value other then taken levels in the range. So a comparison between two methodologies can help in better optimising the machining parameters.

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A shaft-driven bike is a bike that uses a determined shaft rather than a chain to transmit power from the pedals to the wheel. Shaft drives were presented over a century prior, yet were generally supplanted by chain-driven bikes because of the apparatus ranges conceivable with sprockets and derailleur. Recently, because of progressions in inward apparatus innovation, a little number of current shaft-driven bikes have been presented. The shaft drive just needs intermittent oil utilizing an oil weapon to keep the rigging running calm and smooth. This "chain less" drive framework gives smooth, very and productive exchange of vitality from the pedals to the back wheel. It is appealing in look contrast and chain driven bike. It replaces the convectional.

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Existing system is not fully compatible with people and Health business. Either existing systems focus on Doctors, or on peoples. But not a single portal available which fully focus on both. System must be like doctors get details of those patients who search for requirement and patients can get doctors as per the specialization, nearby area and everything what they are looking for. Medi Helper, an online app for those users who generally face issues regarding finding doctors, clinics, and hospitals as per their requirement when they need. The portal helps people to find doctors clinic and hospitals in their nearby area, in their budget amount, and in between their time availability. It happens many times specially with those people who are not localities and when face any health related issues; they search for doctors, hospitals and clinics. Generally people look for a doctor as per their requirement in their nearby area, in between their time and in a minimum consulting fee. With this portal people can search all doctors, clinics and hospitals as per their requirement in their area and city and specialization.

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In this paper, we present the design of a compact, miniaturized patch antenna for WIMAX application. The conventional patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2.785GHz. The proposed antenna has two rectangular slots etched over the patch near the non-radiating edges. This antenna resonates at a lower frequency of 2.65GHz with a gain of 7.5dB. The percentage of miniaturization is found to be 10.7 %.

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Positioning systems plays an important role in finding location information. Location based services are increasing very rapidly and hence the demand for efficient positioning system is also increasing day by day. For positioning Global Positioning System (GPS) is mostly used all over the world but it's very power consuming and it not very effective in built-up indoor environments. So positioning techniques like Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Wi-Fi based on wireless sensor networks are used. We implemented the localization system using Received Signal Strength (RSS) for Location Defining Phase, by collecting the different values of the Defined Area which is used for the localization. It includes Basic Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Mapping Algorithm to transform the RSS Integration to the Mapping of Longitude and Latitude of the Database. Location Estimation Phase uses the supervised dataset for Determining the current Location of the device. The system overcomes drawbacks of GPS and reduce transmission load, computational overhead, computational iteration and efficiently localize the device.

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Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) is an independent regional navigation satellite system being developed by India. All the satellite in the constellation is placed in Geo-stationary or Geo-synchronous orbit. All the satellites are visible from the user’s location unlike the G.P.S. system. Hence the receive antenna need not be omnidirectional instead of only need of higher directivity and higher gain for the fixed object. By the array antenna we can reduce the beam width of antenna, and this will enhance gain for the antenna and signal strength will be more. Thus receiver system will work more efficiently. The aim of this Dissertation is to design and simulate 2x2 Microstrip patch array antenna for ranging transponder at 3.4 GHz to the receiver side.

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In the computer system masquerader is a outsider or a insider user who take the privileges or authentication to act as an legal user in system. Such user take identity of a legal user to performing some illegal or a fraud activity[3]. Till now various researches has been accomplish for detecting masqueraders. Semi-global alignment approach is one Best algorithm but it doesn’t reach to that much of accuracy and performance which is required by high scale industries. To overcome such a drawback we discover a new technique called as Data Driven Semi-Global Alignment Approach(DDSGA). In this algorithm we tries to improve security of system by adopting scoring parameter for a each user. DDSGA also minimize the alignment overhead. The process of Detection and updating is done in a parallel manner. experimental results that show that DDSGA achieves a high hit ratio of 88.4 percent with a low false positive rate of 1.7 percent.

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Every chemical based industry has its own emission of gases, but the main problem occurs when the emission is beyond the standardized limit. The reason for crossing the standardized limit is uncontrollable chain reaction of chemicals. The emission of gases through industries cannot be completely avoided, but can be controlled. In our system, we consider designing the protocol using sensors connected to microcontroller based system. The main objective is to study the available feasibility in the air pollution control and provide in the format suitable for microcontroller. The first step in a analysis is to identify all available options to control the pollution(air). Available options are those air pollution control techniques with a potential for application to the emission unit and the pollutant under evaluation. Our system is based on monitoring and controlling air pollution using Atmega328p IC.MQ7 sensor is used for sensing the emitted gas, and after crossing the standardized limit the solenoid valve opening and closing is controlled by relay card.

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This paper represents automatic solar powered crop cutter. Outcome of research in this field gives birth to solar powered automatic crop cutter. Such cutter is been invented because of low cost, high compatibility, use for ruff and tuff. Leaning a crop cutting is long time process and goes through traditional knowledge. This proposed system aimed to make a crop cutter and robot, powered by an electric motor, which perform various task as per requirement. The primary aim was to make design of crop cutter which has high intelligence. In order to do motion the robot automatically turns with help of programmed microcontroller. Making section1, section2 of it’s the main problem is overcome by separation of section by team. The idea has potential applications in automated crop cutting without use of fuel. Academically, the project provided a platform to integrate control system theory and microcontroller robot programming.

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Now days, number of peoples are using smart phones. With the rise of mobile technology new service, Location Based Service (LBS), has been developed in smart phone. Reliable LBS services as well as applications mostly depend on the integrity and accuracy of location data. As well as services depend on updated attributes. Identifying and organizing the location information is a very time consuming process. Human error is also another fact that is unable to avoid. We have to face, such types of problems. How to improve accuracy and quality of location data through the data de-duplication process using web mining techniques was not possible. Our system is an efficient and cost-effective way to integrate the location information. Which collects data from multiple sources. The most important advantage of our system uses various data mining techniques that automates de-duplication process. Different algorithms used for effective and efficient handling the location data integration task. In our system data mining tool used, that is the WEKA tool. It consists of in build algorithms

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one of the most significant aspects of any township management includes water management. It is a significant aspect as now-a-days water resources are very limited and nobody can afford its wastage in previous days’ supply of water to different areas required a lot of workforce / man power. Employees were required to switch ON the valve, to check the level of water in the main tank, to distribute the water bill by going to the customer’s home etc. So in his project we have tried to reduce the workforce required to supply water to different areas. This project deals about the automation in the water circulation and management with technological advance. In this scheme the water level will be sensed by the water level sensor. The speed of the motor will be varied depending on the level of the water which is sensed by the water level sensor. This system distributes water automatically to the different areas according to the bill payment of the consumer/customer. This system makes use of the MATLAB database (GUI) for the billing management. It uses GSM module for status updates like the level of the water, making customers aware of their bills or insufficient funds etc.

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In this project an attempt to find the quality of the ambient air in the West Nagpur Zone is carried out. Mainly the two criteria of pollutants viz. Respirable suspended particulate matter, Suspended particulate matter are taken into account for carrying out the present research work. The sampling was done at nine monitoring sites covering three sites for each residential, commercial and industrial zone across the West Nagpur area in two seasons i.e. winter season (December and January) and summer season (March and April). Sampling duration was for twenty-four hours at each monitoring site. Analytical results show average RSPM concentration in residential, commercial and industrial areas for winter and summer season does not exceed the NAAQS standards. Again considering the average concentrations of RSPM for all three locations it was found that the Air quality index (AQI) for winter and summer season, the residential area comes under good category i.e. varying between 0-50 µg/m3, the commercial area comes under moderate category i.e. varying between 51-100 µg/m3 during winter and under good category during summer while the industrial area comes under moderate category in both winter and summer season.. However the concentration of particulate matter during the summer season is less as compared to the winter season due to high wind speed conditions resulting in dilution of pollutants in the air.

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Distribution of water supply of a city is very essential for occupants residing in it. In the water supply network the systematic planning and approach is required for designing. It comprises of 60-70% of the total investment in the system which includes choosing appropriate diameter of pipes. The design of water distribution network comprises of various intricate programs, search methods, conventional techniques and algorithms. The analysis of water distribution is also carried out in the field by traditional methods which involve complexity in solving the equations. The design of any water distribution network requires minimum cost of project, maintaining the pressure head and velocity of flow as a constraints. Therefore, there is a need to develop a simple optimization technique so that an average user can easily understand and implement it. In this study, water distribution network has been designed for Dharampeth area of Nagpur comprises traditional design method of Loop software which is used in designing water distribution network. The non-linear programming (NLP) model was further formulated in this study to carry out the comparative analysis of the results obtained using Loop software and proposed NLP model. Findings of this study indicate that the NLP model showed 5-6% reduction in cost as compared to traditional Loop software. Thus, the proposed model provides economical solution and can be effectively implemented for the design of water distribution network in urban areas.

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Localization of objects are urgent for both data conveyance and backing of connection mindful administration, in the Internet of Things (IoT). It is very hard to analyze localization of objects in the Internet of Things which are coming from multiple sources. To enhance the exactness of object localization and to reduce the scalability limitations of the server Object Group Mobility (OGM) can be utilized. All the more particularly, this framework, presents the OGM idea and clarify how, by method for an aggregate operators speaking to a gathering of objects as entire, it is conceivable to decrease flagging activity and enhance precision in item object localization.

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Road traffic accidents can be defined as “An accident that occurred on a road open to a public traffic; resulting in personal injury, damages to the property and loss of life in which at least one moving vehicle was involved.” Thus, road traffic accident is collisions between vehicles, between vehicles and pedestrians, between vehicles and animals, or between vehicles and geographical or architectural obstacles. Accident prone location should be identified so the accident can be reduced with proper action on the sever locations. This study is of better relevance in this context for mitigating accident problems on city roads through systematic identification, analysis and measure of accident prone stretches. Based on Accident Severity Index(ASI) method the top most three accident prone stretches are identified.

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Water is essential for human being for day to day activities and also required for agriculture and industrial sector for their growth. Water scarcity is major problem of today, thus water footprint is required for domestic and industrial level. The main purpose of water footprint is to find out physical losses and pipe leakages in industry and find out unnecessary use of water. In this paper we discuss about design parameter which are used in practical. We are using v-notch for measuring waste water discharge. There are various devices are available in market like ultrasonic flow meter, clamp on meter etc. by using v-notvh we finding acthual usage of water by industry section wise. Such as milling, boiling, sulphar burner, spray pond etc. there are some limitations of uding ultrasonic flow meter so we are used v-notch. The industrial water is costly as compare to domestic water and also requirement is also high for sugar industry. By using water footprint if we are saving some amount of water which could be economical for sugar industry.

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Foundation is that part of the structure which is in direct contact with soil and play a vital role in overall stability. This paper presents the results of laboratory model loading test for the bearing capacity of a rectangular footing supported by geogrid reinforced silty sand. One type of geogrid used with various numbers of layers with type of footing (i.e. B/L equal to 0.5 and 0.33). based on the model test results, the bearing capacity increased with increase in number of geogrid layers.

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Replacement of conventional materials by polymeric composites with improved mechanical performance is of immense importance for modern technology. The Tensile test (stress, strain and young’s modulus), Micro-hardness and Differintial Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of composites were investigated. Fly-ash reinforced polystyrene composites have been prepared with solution casting method. Concentration of fly-ash was varied from 3% to 8 % by weight. Tensile properties were found to decrease with fly-ash addition, however, the Micro-hardness was found to increase with increasing fly-ash concentration .The DSC test gives good indication of improvement in thermal properties..

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In the most recent decade, the utilization of supplementary solidifying materials has turned into a basic piece of high quality and superior solid blend plan. These can be normal materials, by-items or modern squanders, or the ones requiring less vitality and time to create. A portion of the ordinarily utilized supplementary solidifying materials are fly cinder, Silica Fume (SF), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Sugarcane Bassage Ash and so on. RHA is a by-item material got from the burning of rice husk which comprises of non-crystalline silicon dioxide with high particular surface range and high pozzolanic reactivity though Sugar-stick bagasse is a stringy waste-result of the sugar refining industry, alongside ethanol vapor. This waste item (Sugar-stick Bagasse fiery remains) is now creating genuine natural contamination, which calls for critical methods for taking care of the waste. Bagasse fiery debris essentially contains aluminum particle and silica. In the present study a diagram of the work completed on the utilization of blend of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Sugarcane Bassage Ash (SBA) as fractional substitution of bond in mortar and cement is introduced in which both the supplements are blended in equivalent extents. In this investigation the concrete was replaces somewhat by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and were further cured for 28 days and compressive quality tests were directed following 7 days, 14 days and 28 days curing and the outcomes were closed

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The Current electronic system design requires to be concerned with power consumption consideration. However, in a lot of system design tools, the application of leakage power consumption budget is estimated after RTL synthesis. We propose in this article a method based on measurements which allows to estimate the leakage power dissipation using the power tool Cadence provided by Cadence Design Systems. It helps the system designer to determine leakage power dissipation early in the design flow with best adequacy between high performances and low power consumption and saves lots of their time.

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Conventional welding techniques are used to weld hard materials. Problem occurs while welding soft material. They cannot weld soft materials like aluminum, copper etc. To solve this problem Friction stir welding is used. Friction stir welding is a solid-state joining process uses a third body tool to join two facing surfaces. It is economical process. But as the tooling required for such is costly; it can be performed on drilling machine with suitable modification. The aim of this work is to reconfigure and utilize a drilling machine successfully to produce friction stir welding of aluminium alloy which is also energy and cost efficient.

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Long Term Evolution (LTE) downlink sub frame includes two major physical channels. One is a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and the other is a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). In Long-Term Evolution (LTE) downlink control channel, a large number of blind decoding attempts are made, while the number of valid code words is limited. The blind decoding results are then verified using a 16-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC). However, even with the 16-bit CRC, the false alarm (FA) rate of such blind decoding is inevitably high. This paper investigates the problem of pruning of blind decoding results for reduction of the FA rate. To the best of our knowledge, the approach using a soft correlation metric (SCM) shows the best FA reduction performance among existing schemes. However, following the Bayes principle, we propose novel likelihood-based pruning that provides systematic balancing between the FA rate and the miss (MS) rate.

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Distillation column has always been and will continue to be one of the most important thermal separation equipment used in various types of industries for various applications, like in oil refineries, in water purification/ desalinization plants, in pharmaceutical industries etc. Modelling and simulation of distillation column are not new to the process and control engineer. The model used for distillation column varies from the simple to quite complex, depending on the assumption made in the material balance and energy balance equations to describe the distillation column behavior. This paper discuss about the dynamic modelling of continuous binary distillation column in Matlab tool and the response analysis while varying the assumptions made while developing the dynamic model. This paper also discuss about the tuning of PID controller using different tuning methods which is job of control engineer.

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MEMS means micro-electromechanical system, also known as Microsystems technology is characterized both by their small sizes and the manner in which they are made. MEMS devices are consider to range in characteristic length from one millimeter near to one micron-many times smaller than the diameter of a human hair. In robotics, sensor plays an important role. Robotics application demand sensors with high degree of repeatability, precision and reliability. In this project we are going to implement a model to control robotic arm through human gesture using accelerometer. A three axis accelerometer is mounted on the human hand in order to perform the action of robotics arm according to the action of human hand. Here in place of button, joysticks we are going to use some other more initiative techniques, i.e. controlling complete robotics arm by hand movement or motion or gesture. This is achieved by using MEMS-accelerometer technology, showing the diversity of the application of same technology. To implement this here, there is a use of AVR microcontroller both at transmitter and receiver side. We are going to implement MEMS based gesture control robot using AVR microcontroller with the help of transceiver module CC2500.

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