A smart city is that city which uses technology to make most favorable utilization of resources to build cities more efficient, people-centric and sustainable. If we observe, in the two last decades, urban infrastructure in most of the Indian cities has been in many aspects upgraded. Current expressways, flyovers, bridges and airports can be traced at most of the big cities in the country. But, the urban services quality has not kept rate of knots with the population explosion into our major urban centers. Overcrowding leaded to space crunch, which is resulted due to lack of scientific and effective utilization of spaces. A smart city is accredited by smartness all along multiple parameters, with smart governance executing a master role in assisting each of them. Government of India has taken an initiative to build up 100 cities as smart cities. Main gears of development based on area within the Smart Cities Mission includes city enhancement (retrofitting), replenishment of city (redevelopment) and city extensions (Greenfield development/growth) along with an initiative of Pan-city development which confirms covering larger parts of the city, Smart Solutions are applied. In this paper, research is carried out in Orange city- Nagpur. In the year 1818 fort built on the twin hills of Sitabuldi, the town is dominated by the British, located at centre of the city. Zone 2 Dharampeth, is studied for this research among 10 main zones of the city. Research design, adopted is Maxwell’s Interactive model which both had order, nor directionality and would facilitate us to not only expand an understanding of the definite structure of our study, but also to graph our study and carry it out (Maxwell 2005). To craft a smart city, this paper studies the strategic outline identified four broad escalation direct solutions: building a new sustainable city, movement people and not of vehicles, achieving accomplishment in providing citizen services, and reformation economy.

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Now a day’s E-commerce applications like flip card, Amazon, shop clues are more popular. On that site there are number of sellers or products And many users purchases the number of product from E-commerce sites. But user getting the problem to select the trustworthy sellers. For that we develop the proposed system to guide the users in a proper way so that they can choose the correct seller between the different available sellers on E-commerce. There are different sellers as per their services and quality they provide product to users. User can give review for particular dimensions of sellers such as quality, service, delivery etc. Review can be negative or positive and to calculate the final score of each sellers in particular dimensions we used different technique. So here we represent the opinion miming, aspect miming for the review mining or feedback mining.

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Developing large Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) represent an efficient and reliable power generation. To improve the efficiency of such OWFs, Voltage Source Converter based High Voltage DC transmission (VSC based HVDC) system is used. However, the VSC-based HVDC transmission systems are subjected to DC faults frequently, and dc circuit breakers of higher rating are required to provide protection against such faults. Hence the Offshore Wind farms integrated by VSC-HVDC are expected to have fault ride-through (FRT) capability during such DC fault conditions. This research work proposes a VSC based HVDC system provided with a Fault Tolerant Breaker (FTB), in between the DC line in order to limit the DC fault current. This provides an efficient and reliable power transfer in the system without disturbing the power supply during any such DC fault conditions. The simulations are performed through MATLAB/Simulink software and results were obtained.

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This project deals with Aging Aware Reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic, Digital multipliers is one of the major unit in arithmetic functional units. The overall performance of the AHL systems depends on the throughput of the multiplier. Even though the negative bias temperature instability effect occurs when a pMOS transistor is under negative bias voltage, it leads in the increasing threshold voltage of the pMOS transistor and it will reduce the speed of the multiplier design. Hence like this the positive bias temperature instability occurs when an nMOS transistor is under positive bias. These two effects degrade transistor speed, and in the long term the system may fail due to timing violations. Hence it is important to design reliable high performance multipliers. In this project we propose an aging aware multiplier design with an adaptive hold logic circuit. By this the multiplier is able to provide higher throughput through the variable latency and can adjust adaptive hold logic circuit to mitigate performance degradation that is due to aging effect.

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Effective caching of videos at the base stations of the Radio Access Network (RAN) can be used to significantly improve the video capacity and user experience of mobile networks. Several caching algorithms can be used to ensure the effectiveness of RAN caches. Here, we discuss the several algorithms used for caching in the RAN.

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Recently security firms, Government organizations and other research scholars identifies that data leakage is common in fields where sensitive data are stored and processed. And it is analyzed that data leakage is been growing rapidly, in which human errors are one of the main causes of data loss. The common approach in detecting data leak screens the content in storage and transmission that expose sensitive information. The approach usually requires the detection operation to conduct the secrecy. And there exists lot of techniques, algorithms to find data leakage and provide alerts to the organization. The data leak detection(DTD) privacy –preserving solution solves through the special set of sensitive data digest in the detection. The data leak detection systems were proposed to detect data in small scale and large scale organizations with fuzzy fingerprints. In this paper, we review the data leak detection mechanisms.

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Tall buildings are very common these days because of the main advantage that these buildings use land very efficiently. The study is about honey combed system which also known as the hexagrid structural system used in tall structure construction. This paper deals with the technique and its effect on the normal conventional type structure. The response of the building with the seismic forces is studied. The comparative analysis is done by using software based results. All over the world new innovations are been done by researchers so as to minimize the structural and environmental damage to the society. This technique used in this paper is one of such newly evolved technique by using which a software based experiment is carried out to check the effect various seismic parameters are considered.

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Vision is the most powerful sense of the five human senses. This paper proposes real-time monocular-vision based techniques for the multiple car detection. Car detection system should minimize driving difficulties in various conditions, like in sleeping, busy in communication devices etc., thereby reducing traffic accidents. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are used in this work. SVM is the classification method. HOG will extract the features of given frames extracted by video and that important features will be given to the SVM. Before that we have to give training dataset to SVM to train it, because SVM is supervised learning algorithm. According to training it will classify data and accordingly present or absent of car is decided. Simulation results are presented for different images, which show accuracy of suggested approach.

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Mobile device and mobile computing have made tremendous advances and become ubiquitous in the last few years. Native approach of mobile development still is the predominant way to develop for a particular mobile platform, recently there is shifting towards the development of cross platform mobile application. In the traditional system we don’t usually provide notification to the user only a border view of schedule is displayed. In this proposed system we will provide notification to the user about their schedule. With the result of the survey, it is argued the web based approach and in particular hybrid approach of mobile development serves the best for cross platform development. Using the hybrid approach a prototype of application has also been developed and built into native application for different platforms. This has helped to get a better in site about the domain of cross platform development; its main advantage is of unification of the development and testing process. In this, there will be a message send to the user about different lectures, practical, exams, assignments and college events. Other than this if there is any message to be conveyed to the students, it can be done. This system will be platform independent built on cross platform. The main focus is to have single source code for all the mobile operating systems. In an era where application developers today aim to maximize target reach Cross platform mobile application development shows us the path by truly providing a "Develop One Time, Deploy Anywhere Anytime" solution.

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Huge information contains huge or gigantic accumulations of information, originating from mutually manufacturing and exploratory examination resources anywhere information created through major degree and speed which hard to prepare by utilizing available database administration devices or customary information handling applications. Distributed computing gives promising stage to bolster this test as it gives an adaptable pile of gigantic registering, stockpiling, and programming administrations in a versatile way with an ease. As of late a few strategies have been created for handling sensor information on cloud, known as sensor-cloud. Be that as it may, these strategies don't give proficient backing on quick recognition and situating of errors in enormous sensor information sets. For quick information mistake identification in enormous sensor information sets, in this, a methodology is produce for information errors discovery which misuses the full calculation capability of cloud stage and the system highlight of WSN. A methodology is, characterized an arrangement of sensor information mistake sorts and afterward characterized. Taking into account that arrangement, the system highlight of a grouped WSN is acquainted and examined with bolster quick mistake discovery and area. In our proposed approach, the error discovery depends on the without scale system topology and the vast majority of recognition operations can be led in restricted worldly information hinders rather than an entire huge information set. Subsequently the identification and area procedure can be drastically quickened. Furthermore, isolating the assignment of identification and area to cloud stage which completely misuse the calculation power and gigantic stockpiling.

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In India, traffic flow is a mixed traffic characteristics and also the traffic congestion is the common problem in most major cities in India. Two-lane roads represent the majority of the highway system in India. The analysis of traffic performance on two-lane roads is critical for their planning, design, maintenance, rehabilitation, and operation. Performance evaluation is typically carried out with the capacity analysis for various highway facilities. In Rajkot Morbi state highway 24 the stretch 5 km to 15 km total 10 km is selected in this stretch same problem occurring like mixed traffic, traffic congestion, speed reduction and chances of accident due to insufficient width of road. In this paper road inventory data and traffic volume survey has been carried out, maximum PCU/Day of three days traffic volume survey is 25843. And IRC: 64-1990 “guideline for the capacity of rural road” is recommended for 2 lane rural road is 15000 PCU/day. So the data was compared with IRC: 64-1990, and the road widening has been justified the Rajkot Morbi state highway 24 is needed to widen.

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The information obtained electronically is vast and difficult for users to access the exact information within permissible time. The various Natural Language Processing (NLP) task has been carried out in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to extract structured information from this large amount of unstructured data. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is one such Information Extraction (IE) system which identifies the elements such as name of person, location, organization, quantities, time expressions etc. and classify into set of pre-defined classes. In this thesis, language independent system is developed using Machine Learning algorithms such as Conditional Random Field (CRF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Kitchen Sink (RKS). A unique approach has been carried out in implementing Random Kitchen Sink algorithm for Named Entity Recognition. This paper deals with RKS for English tweets. The accuracy for this system is obtained as 82.60%.

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In public city bus transport association has become a major delay issue even with the advancements in the technological generation being upgraded a demand for an updated intimation system was developed which would augment the existing set-up of public city bus transport system. Improvisation over modern trends led us to sculpt the reason of paper on an embedded system based on GSM & RFID technology which will encounter these problems faced during presence/absence of bus at bus station. Buses from the former station will inform the next station and announcement will be made regarding the status of the bus from the former station through a GSM service integrate this idea into trans-receiver stations and announcing the mechanism moving towards it.

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Feature selection is the process of examining, evaluating and extracting required data which can be clustered into subsets which contain and retain the integrity of original data. A feature selection algorithm should be adept and productive. Adept means minimum time required and productive means quality of generated subset is not compromised. Our system proposes an algorithm which consists of following steps: Markov Blanket, Shannon Info gain, Minimum Spanning Tree, Tree Partition, Gaussian distribution, Bayesian Probability. Applying these steps we get the desired subset from the clusters. Our system ensures to remove irrelevant data along with redundant data which most of the systems fail to eliminate. Irrelevant features are the extraneous features or data objects, whereas the redundant ones are the repetitious features. These data objects tend to consume memory and do not contribute in generating accurate results.

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A new Zero-Voltage Transition based two input DC-DC converter sufficient to draw power from two distinct sources feeding a common dc-bus is presented in this paper. This converter belongs to higher-order family and behaves as buck converter for one dc source also it acts as both buck and boost converter with the other source. The significant feature of the proposed converter is that both the sources either singly or simultaneously supply power to the subsequent load at minimal ripple current. This feature is particularly attractive for photo-voltaic power processing applications. The main objective here is to realize the soft-switching by integrating the ZVT cell into the two input DC-DC converter enabling to improve the efficiency by reducing the switching losses in the converter. The digital voltage-mode controller for the converter is designed using SISO tool in MATLAB. A 24V, 96W converter is analyzed and compared with the simulation results.

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The water treatment plant is important for quality of water supplying to the society. There is necessity to evaluate performance of water treatment plant (WTP) for proper treatment of water. The study was carried on performance evaluation of water treatment plant located at Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC), Hingna, Nagpur , Maharashtra state India. Performance was analyzed through the physico-chemical parameters viz. turbidity, temperature,total solids, suspended solid, Total Dissolve Solid, pH, D.O and Residual Chlorine. The parameters were analyzed and monitored on weekly basis. The result showed that Dissolve oxygen was increased after aeration unit up to 50 %. overall turbidity removal in clariflocculator in 77.30% but, and filtration unit is 60%.

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Flexible Thermal Link plays very crucial role in the cryogenic component for transfer the heat. The purpose of these links is to provide a means of transfer the heat from a hot surface of cryocooler to the cold reservoir. Because of high heat dissipation component in cryocooler, skin temperature of cryocooler increases and it can be reason for lowering performance and reduce its life during work in satellite. Therefore flexible thermal link should be good in thermal performance in other low thermal resistance and also should have enough flexibility. This could maintain skin temperature of cryocooler and resist the vibration which comes on the cryocooler in satellite. Also flexible thermal link should have its flexibility, durability, and mass constraints. The present states of developments of flexible Thermal Links for space based cryocooler are reviewed in this paper. In the past years new research on these flexible thermal links has developed to vitally improve them and make suitable for even more applications.

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In this paper, we implemented a human-friendly cleaning robot system for the domestic ubiquitous environment. Though conventional automatic cleaning robots already exist, these robots do not work in sync with humans. These robots' cleaning operations often obstruct a person in the home. Therefore, a robot that does not interfere with human activity in the home is required. What indicates human activity most in the home is the usage status of home appliances such as electrical appliances, doors, and lights. In our system, a robot can identify where humans are active by receiving the usage status of home appliances via a network. The usage status of home appliances changes the robot's running pattern and consequently the robot avoids humans and cleans without causing obstruction. We conduct an operational experiment of our prototype system in a room in which some sensors are installed to create an experimental environment. We then measure the execution time of the prototype system. From the results of experiments, it is found that a cleaning robot system which works through interaction with equipment in the home and does not disturb humans can become a reality.

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To verify the actual presence of real biometric sample in contrast to reconstructed (fake) samples is a major problem in biometric authentication, which needs the development of new and efficient protection method. In this paper we present a software based liveness detection method which can be used in different biometric systems to detect different types of fake attempts. The aim of the proposed system is to increase the security of the biometric system by adding live ness assessment using image quality assessment (IQA). The proposed system is less complex which is suitable for real time applications, by using general image quality features extracted from one image to differentiate between real and fake samples.

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This paper presents the reason of bridge failure and tells how to make bridge safer. In this paper it is illustrated mainly the reason of hydraulic action of bridge failure and provide the solution of the problem. Since bridge is a very important structure in civil engineering field so it needs a great attention toward it, for constructing a new safe bridge at any location it is important to analyse and collect the data of analysis. After analysing the execution must be done according to the results and data available. The Bridge designed in this way will always serve people. In this paper all relevant reason of failure and its countermeasure are discussed. In earlier era the designing of Bridges is done on the basis of previous experiences, but due to some accidental failure of Bridges it was seen the need of manuals and guidelines. So, that’s why now a days construction of new bridges is done according to these manuals. In this paper some of them are discussed.

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Due to a wide range of potential applications, research on mobile commerce has received a lot of interests from both of the industry and academia. Among them, one of the active topic areas is the mining and prediction of users’ mobile commerce behaviors such as their movements and purchase transactions. The project proposes a novel framework, called Mobile Commerce Explorer (MCE), for mining and prediction of mobile users’ movements and purchase transactions under the context of mobile commerce. The proposed framework is termed as MCE (Mobile Commerce Explorer) which consists of three major components: 1) Similarity Inference Model (SIM) for measuring the similarities among stores and items, which are two basic mobile commerce entities considered in this paper; 2) Personal Mobile Commerce Pattern Mine (PMCP-Mine) algorithm for efficient discovery of mobile users’ Personal Mobile Commerce Patterns (PMCPs); and 3) Mobile Commerce Behavior Predictor (MCBP) for prediction of possible mobile user behaviors. In addition, researches on Location-Based Service (LBS) have been emerging in recent years due to a wide range of potential applications. One of the active topics is the mining and prediction of mobile movements and associated transactions.

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Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention system works on analyzing the packets coming and going through the interface. Computer software that can intercept and log traffic passing over a digital network or part of a network is better known as packet sniffer. Depending on the network structure one can sniff all or just parts of the traffic from a single machine within the network. With the development and popularization of network Technology, the management, maintenance and monitoring of network is Important to keep the network smooth and improve Economic efficiency. For this purpose packet sniffer is used. This paper focuses on the basics of packet sniffer and its working, development of the tool on Linux (KALI) platform and its use for Intrusion Detection. Focus has also been laid to analyze the bottleneck scenario arising in the network, using this self-developed packet sniffer. Before the development of this indigenous software, minute observation has been made on the working behavior of already existing sniffer software such as wireshark (formerly known as ethereal), tcpdump, and snort, which serve as the base for the development of our sniffer software. For the capture of the packets, a library known as libpcap has been used. In development of this software we incorporated an additional feature that was not in the original one viz. Sniffer Uploading.

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Now a day the embedded system and Internet of Things (IoT) has been a most popular research area. The embedded system which is assembled and developed for the dedicated tasks and the IOT where many things are connected to each other for communication are facing many technical and application problems. As this project is concern with the Arduino, Arduino is an open source computer hardware and software combinations developed for doing dedicated task with low computing power and low energy consumption. The objective of the survey is focused on the loopholes arising out of information exchange technology used in internet of things and embedded systems. Finally, the important research issues are addressed for the researchers to find the way for further research in the embedded system.

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In this work, A Neural Network based approach is presented to detect upright frontal faces in an image. The Neural Network used is a fully connected network with 3 layers. This network examines 20x20 sized windows in an image, and decides whether it contains a face or not. For the negative face examples, we use bootstrap method. After an initial small dataset of non-face examples, we add false detections to the training set as the training progresses. Simple heuristics, like merging overlapping and arbitrating between multiple neural networks can further increase the accuracy of the model.

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in most of the digital signal processing operations such as linear convolution, circular convolution, cross correlation, auto correlation, discrete Fourier transform, fast Fourier transform etc multiplication operation takes large time for computation. The multiplication is also time consuming process in microprocessor and microcontroller arithmetic and logical operations. The computational time of multiplication operation depends on the speed of adder circuit which is affected due to the carry propagation delay. In this paper the Tabulation method of multiplication is discuss. The tabulation method of multiplication reduces the complexity of multiplication and its computational time. This will improve the computational time, latency and throughput.

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