FEA (Finite Element analysis) is the best method to study the stress, strain and deflection generated under any loading condition. During punching operation large amount of stresses get generated on the sheet utilized when punch apply force. In the present study Effect of the punch speed due to which sheet goes under deformation has been studied. Meshing serves significant role towards the correct solution from FEA. Punching assembly includes punch, sheet, blank holder and die has been modelled. Different punching speeds have considered in the present study. From the FEA it has been found that with increment in the punching speed total deflection, stress and strain all increases. Results also indicate that for a punching speed of 200 m/s increased stress and strain have been found compared to the 300m/s results. While for a punching speed of 1000 m/s decreased stress and strain have been found compared to the 900m/s results.

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Now a days E-Commerce has become a trend and habit in peoples life so online reviews have become a useful marketing tool and also an important factor for business success. Customers can share their emotions and opinions after the purchase of particular product by providing product review. In this fast moving world customers make their decisions based mostly on the opinion of other customer. On the other hand, companies need quick feedback from their customers in order to adapt to their needs in real time. In this project different tool based on opinion mining and sentiment analysis will automatically process customer’s opinion and review about products or services. As reviews are core part of product which are very useful to know about the product features, specification and weather it is better than its competitor or not. This project automatically analyzes all the reviews of the respective product and after processing all reviews it will generate a short summary for the customer and from that summary customer makes his/her own decision.

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This Paper is based on the study of various Research Papers in the field of Search Engine Optimization and its Algorithms. Our aim is to do the comparative analysis of the Google SEO Algorithms i.e. Panda and Penguin effect on the Traffic of the Blogs. Panda is the Content based algorithm which is implemented by the Google to ignore the websites or the Blogs having the duplicate or copied content. Penguin is based on the Back Links i.e. Websites or the Blogs having the High quality Back Links will not be penalized by the Google. We targeted two web Blogs to increase their views by optimizing their code and information. For every week we targeted each blog to the above algorithms in order to increase/decrease their visibility to search engine. The results based on comparisons are then used to conclude the better of two algorithms for quick and stable increment in web page ranking.

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Low power flip-flops are crucial for the design of low-power digital systems. In this paper, a novel low-power high performance pulse-triggered flip-flop using Modified (proposed) conditional discharging flip-flop (MCDFF) circuit is presented. It is based on the conditional discharging technology. The modified design reduces the number of transistor and achieves better speed and power performance other flip flop (ep-CDO, CDFF, SCDFF, MHLFF). All the simulation results, based on 90-nm CMOS technology, reveal that the proposed design features the best power-delay-product performance. Here, a comparison of existing Flip-Flop (FF) system with different parameters is presented.

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Overtaking Control System is an important component of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS). It can be used to alert the driver about driving conditions, possible collision with other vehicles, or trigger the automatic control of the vehicle for collision avoidance and mitigation. Overtaking Control System based on active sensors such as IR sensor and wifi-tethering technique based detection approach ie. vision-based method, this is becoming widely used due to their low cost and less interferences between vehicles as they proceed to overtake the other vehicle.

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Wireless Sensor Networks have gained wide popularity in the recent years for its high-ranking applications such as remote environment monitoring, target tracking, safety-critical monitoring etc. However Wireless Sensor Networks face many constraints like low computational power, small storage, and limited energy resources. Two of the chief issues associated with Wireless Sensor Networks are network lifetime and data security which we aim to address here. In our proposed system we aim to maximize the network lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks by choosing High Energy First (HEF) clustering algorithm as a design reference model for cluster head selection, which is to the best of our knowledge proved to be an optimal clustering policy under certain ideal conditions, together with a sleep/active algorithm to avoid any unnecessary energy dissipation by the sensor nodes. We also aim to address the issue of sensor data security by opting for Paillier homomorphism encryption, which is an end to end data security plan that can guarantee end-to-end data confidentiality with less transmission latency and computation cost contrasting with the hop by hop data security which involves more consumption of battery power due to several decryptions at every hop. In this paper we trying to maximize the lifetime of the data aggregation and security and we are trying to fix the benchmark for this[1].

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Deaf and dumb people use sign language for their communication but it was difficult to understand by the normal people. The aim of this paper is to reduce the barrier between in them. Gesture recognition helps to understand the meaning of human body movement that is movement of parts, which involves the movement of hand, head, arms, face or body. In this paper present a Sign Language Recognition System (SLRS) developed using image processing technique [1]. In this paper, using the webcam record the hand gestures and this video input is given to the system. In next phase, using the methods for extract the frames from video, next detect the gesture in the frames and process the gesture detected and next stage recognize the gesture and finally display the output in text and speech [1].

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This paper outlines the study of Stress and Modal behaviour of cracked compressor blade of high speed turbo machine. The compressor operates close to their failure stress due to high rotational speed of Turbo expander. Crack present in rotating part enhances the failure effect. The presence of crack can decrease the life; hence it becomes very necessary to study the fracture behaviour of the turbo expander parts. Creo modelling software is used to model the compressor and fracture analysis is performed in static structural module of ANSYS. The analysis and conclusion presented by the author will help the engineering society of the world to analysis, design and fabricate turbo machinery for better reliability and efficiency.

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Productivity enhancement has become an important goal for improving the production performance in many manufacturing industries. We have attempted to present excerpts from the extant literature in the area of productivity improvement of different materials and substances. Our main work highlights the maintenance and productivity improvement with the help of root cause analysis of wire drawing process in context with steel wires which are used in manufacturing of tyres. So, here in this paper we provide knowledge of different methods and strategies adopted by many researchers and industries for enhancing the productivity of steel wires. The papers provide us a deep knowledge about the process, failure, methodology and overall details of wire drawing.

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In mobile adhoc network primary goal is to send the data and receive the data wirelessly such that no node has to need to manually connect to the other node. Now while communication there may be various hindrances in the communication due to the lack of resources. These hindrances may be malicious node. Which may destroy the packet while sending from source to the destination. In our case we are considering sybil nodes. Which are legitimate nodes but some times picks the identity of tje black hole node and starts destroying the packet. Under such situation without increasing the infrastructure cost we will use CBDS in DSR protocol. Such that each node identity will be picked from the hash function. If other intermediate node respond with hash value then that node will be considered to be the legitimate node else either black hole node or sybil node.

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In this paper numerical model applicable to the pelvic bone biomechanics of reconstructed pelvic are presented. Geometric complexity and non linearity of the materials of pelvic make the analytical solutions of the mechanical behaviour of the hip joint difficult. The hip is the most complex joint within the human body. The aim is to achieve better understanding of mechanics of hip joint of reconstructed pelvic bone. Stress analysis of the pelvis during physiological loading conditions is necessary to understand the load transfer mechanism. A three-dimensional computer model of pelvic was used to examine the relationship between the position of the components and the range of motion considering simple inclination of 30 degree and both inclination and anter-vention of 30 degree and 20 degree, for which the right human hemi pelvic due to symmetry in shape of four female patient age group between 35 to 45 year has been taken into account. These data will allow surgeons to select implant Positions and also help to understand the biomechanical behaviour of pelvic bone.

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In the last decade the use of commercial structural optimization software have increased rapidly. It has been found that there are essentially two stages of the design process that structural optimization can be applied to. In the early stage of concept generation, topology optimization should be used to develop an efficient structure from the beginning. At this level an atomized variation of optimization parameters was proven useful to find the best feasible design possible. In the later stage, shape and size optimization should be used to fine-tune the structure realized from the topology optimization. Using optimization in this manner gives great possibilities to save time and mass as well as it may produce innovative designs no one would ever think about. Altogether, this makes structural optimization an outstanding tool in the design process. Applying topology optimization in the concept stage requires a close cooperation between the designer and the analysis engineer to create the design domain. Further, a proper formulation of loads and boundary conditions is crucial for a usable solution. Interpreting the results from the topology optimization is a difficult task and requires experience and knowledge of other aspects such as manufacturability. Topology optimization can be applied to existing starter front bracket to ensure that material is distributed throughout the structure in an efficient manner to maximize stiffness, dynamic stability and minimize mass. Maximizing stiffness will result in robust structure which is more stable. Increasing competition by automobile component industry has forced automotive manufacturers towards the development of new products to focus upon more efficient design. Starter manufacturing is a very low margin industry. Even small reductions in mass say 15-20 grams of component can add 2% margin in profit. Suppose a starter is made in mass production say 1 lakh/year and 2% margin added can be huge cost saving. Additionally, Topology optimization can be applied at initial stage for development of starter front bracket for new engine fulfilling all starter static and dynamic requirements. The paper summarized an existing model of starter front bracket is modelled and static analysis is performed to give the boundary conditions for the topology optimization. A simple type dump model of starter front bracket is modelled in CATIA with maximum material condition to perform topology optimization using Altair Optistruct. Considering the boundary conditions from the real model and simplifying the model by giving ideal boundary conditions. The optimized results are validated by building a mathematical model to minimize the compliance of the model and the results are compared. The optimization algorithm used here is simple isotropic material with penalization (SIMP).The Starter front bracket is modelled in CATIA by extracting the Iso-surfaces from the topology optimization results in Altair Optistruct. The comparison for the new model is done by re-running the Static analysis in ANSYS workbench and dynamic analysis in ANSYS APDL and the results are presented. Each of the vehicle’s systems contributes to its overall efficiency.

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The problem of graph coloring is to assign color to all the vertices such that no neighbor vertices have same color. This is known as vertex coloring. Graph coloring problem belongs to the class of NP-hard problem. There are many real world applications in which the concept of graph coloring is used. There are certain approaches to implement the graph coloring algorithms. This paper gives certain heuristic graph coloring algorithms comparison in term of runtime and number of colors used.

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Aluminium welding cannot be done by conventional process because temperature characteristics of material will be changed. To overcome this drawback, friction stir welding process is done. In friction stir welding two Aluminium plates or sheets are joined together and cylindrical shouldered tool with profile threaded and straight threaded H 13 is used. By friction stir welding process the Aluminium material can be welded without any change in its property, at the same time the weld portion will have high degree of surface finish and high quality weld important process parameters that control the quality of the weld are axial force, rotation, speed (rpm), traverse speed (mm/min) and tool tilt angle and these process parameters were optimized to obtain defect free welded joints on AA -6082.

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The premise of this paper is to generate the frequent itemsets by making use of data grids in WEKA 3.8 environment. The dynamic nature grid environment allows the most secure form of extraction of frequent itemsets while data grids are used to create data and validate them. WEKA 3.8 is easy to use and implement tool and it provides various algorithms to accomplish best rules to make obvious decisions.

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In India, the present rate of utilization of waste material is only about 10 percent, which is below the world average of about 16 percent. Hence in these Studies, it is aimed to describe the use of fly ash and steel slag in rigid pavement road works and its improvement of strength with compare to the conventional concrete its economic evaluation for the suitability of using of it. The global demand of concrete in the future is more challenging task to find the suitable alternatives of natural aggregates, sand and cement for preparing concrete. Rigid pavement is the one type of pavements which resists more against the external loads and long life period if it is well designed. Rigid pavement structure is composed of a hydraulic cement concrete surface course and underlying base and sub base courses. Concrete is prepared by mixing various constituents like cement, aggregates, water, etc. which are economically available. Concrete plays a critical role in the design and construction of the nation’s infrastructure. Almost three quarters volume of concrete is aggregates and the important content of concrete is cement. We have to find the suitable and economical alternatives for both of these materials.

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The emergence of Cloud Computing has made the feasibility of providing computing resources as services over the internet. These computing resources have been the major contributors to massive energy consumption, due to the presence of high speed computing devices. Cloud data centers consume tremendous energy in order to serve unpredictable, random requests from millions of consumers worldwide. Addressing and curtailing this energy consumption is associated with finding an energy efficient resource allocation mechanism in cloud data center that tries to overcome the main issue related with the need to save energy conservation for future use. Energy efficiency of a cloud data center can be measured in terms of Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and Dynamic Range. Software Defined Networking (SDN) primarily aids in separating the control plane from data plane in cloud data center networks. The need to adapt to fully green cloud data center networks, not only reduces wastes to keep environment eco-friendly, but is also economically beneficial in reducing the operating costs. An approach to reduce the massive energy consumption is to make use of load balancing techniques like Weighted First-cum-First-Served helps in avoiding overheating and overloading of servers, by evenly balancing the workload across all the servers in the data center, hence reducing the amount of energy consumed physical machines at run time, in such a way that, Weighted First-cum-First-Served (WFCFS) is chosen as the optimal energy aware load balancing solution, as it improves the performance and achieves minimum power consumption, minimum cost, minimum overall time taken, in comparison with other load balancers, thereby saves energy consumption to a greater extent. The central objective of this work is dedicated to focus on monitoring energy awareness in cloud data center with the aid of energy efficient resource allocation strategy to curtail the tremendous energy consumption and thereby achieve Green cloud environments.

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In this paper various class AB two-stage op-amps with high and approximately symmetrical slew rate and very simple architecture are introduced in this brief. A current replicating branch with scaled-down transistors in combination with adaptive loads is used to implement a push–pull output stage with maximum output current several times higher than the bias current. Simulation results show a 53.49% improvement in gain and 10 to 14 times improvement in GB besides achieving the symmetrical slew rate.

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This paper contains detailed description of designing and analysis of Gyrowheel used for the stabilization of the bicycle. The Gyrowheel is a special kind of wheel which is designed as an alternative to the training wheels used in bicycle for new learners.The Gyrowheel works on the principle of Gyroscopic effect cause by the rotating flywheel .The Gyrowheel consists of a solid disk flywheel inside it which is spinning independently. The flywheel rotates at a high speed and creates a gyroscopic effect known as gyroscopic precession. The Gyrowheel detects the direction of fall and precession the direction of fall and re-stabilizes the wheel. It is design as a special type of wheel working on mechanical aspects that would be able to balance itself i.e. it would maintain vertical position because the rotating flywheel nullified all the forces acting upon the wheel. For designing of the Gyrowheel, 3d modeling software used is CATIA V5.0. Structural analysis is done to find thestress distribution and the deformation on the model. For structural analysis ANSYS software is used.

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while bag-of-features (BOF) models have been widely applied for addressing image retrieval problems, the resulting performance is typically limited due to its disregard of spatial information of local image descriptors using 3D conversion and image variations due to increase the pixel intensity of image. In this paper, we present a novel spatial pooling scheme, called extended bag-of-features (EBOF) and spatial pyramid matching based on images solving by histogram generation. Besides improving image representation capability, the incorporation of the EBOF model with a proposed circular-correlation based similarity measure allows us to perform translation, rotation, and scale-invariant image retrieval. Image datasets and the performance measure the effectiveness and robustness on images.

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Inter-laminar fracture is the key disadvantage of laminated fiber reinforced composites, precisely delamination. Delamination is a commonly observed failure due to the composite construction nature. Preparing composite structures involve various techniques of manufacturing. Commonly, most popular method of composite manufacturing is layer by layer lay-up method. Interacting portion between the two layers is obviously not reinforced with fibers due to which delamination or inter-laminar fracture occurs. Material property that denotes resistance to delamination is strain energy release rate (GC). Primary objective of this paper is to find the critical strain energy release rate or inter-laminar fracture toughness which is produced due to the sliding mode of fracture in composite laminate. Fracture toughness (GIIC) for mode II crack expansion is found for a glass fiber reinforced polymer composite with 00 orientation unidirectional fibers. 40%, 50% and 60% volumes of fiber are compared with each other to find the best volume fraction at which the resistance to crack growth GIIC is maximum. Compliance Calibration Method is used for the experimental investigation. Investigation is carried on End Notched Flexure specimen prepared from E-glass fiber and epoxy as per ASTM D7905 in hand layup method. Numerical analysis was done using virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). Experimental results obtained are again correlated with numerical results.

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In WDM network, routing and wavelength assignment schemes plays paramount role in allocation and utilization of available spectrum efficiently. Various wavelength assignment schemes such as least used, most used, adjacent are employed in present day WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) network to route and establish lightpath between source and destination such that it minimizes cost and network delay of the system. In this paper, proposed FWM (four wave mixing) aware fixed wavelength assignment scheme is investigated and is compared with other fixed channel assignment scheme known as adjacent channel assignment scheme. Until the network channels are not at full load, the enhancement in performance of link with the use of FWM aware channel wavelength assignment scheme is utilized opportunistically to send more data. The enhancement in capacity is clearly presented during the comparison of proposed wavelength assignment scheme with that of adjacent scheme in the results and discussion section.

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Printing organization is a composed structure of pre-press, press and post-press sections. The production cycle of any job consists of execution of different operations in respective sections. Now a day the quality and time both are the prerequisite of customer while ordering for any job. But the defects occurred at any stage of production is major hindrance causing reducing quality and consuming more time resulting wastage. In printing industry wastage is becoming sensitive issue day by day. So it is evitable and need of the hour to identify such defects to overcome during production. The key objective of present study is to identify such various defects generally occurred during printing.

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Network Intrusion (forcefully entering a network) Detection Systems are now a critical means to provide security against malicious activities. In network intrusion detection research, one of the popular strategies for finding attacks is monitoring a network’s activity for anomalies which are deviations from normal profiles previously learned from benign traffic, identified typically using tools borrowed from the machine learning community. This project uses data mining techniques to extract data and features required for machine learning tools. Tools that are used are Anomaly Detection and Neural Networks. Anomaly Detection is used to classify data as either malicious or normal. Malicious data and normal data are passed on to Neural Networks to remove all the false predictions. This is a research project to use Machine Learning tools to provide a robust system that is flexible, adaptive, simple and deployable in real-time systems.

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This paper deals with prepaid smart meters energy management system using ARDUINO microcontroller with labVIEW has been introduced. Smart meters are the key component of the smart grid which helps both the user and supplier to control consumption of energy according to availability of resources. The proposed energy metering system consists of smart meter, zigbee communication and mobile user. Zigbee is connected for wireless data transmission between energy management and monitoring center. This meter is able to measure energy and will communicate the data to the electricity board, which stores the information and notify the consumers through SMS in mobile. The prepaid concept provides a cost efficient manner of electricity billing, which is based on the concept “pay first and then use it”. The prepaid energy meter uses a recharge card which cost is depends upon usage of the units. Energy can be monitor by using labVIEW that help you to check how much electricity you consume per hour or day. A relay system has been used which shutdown or disconnect the smart meter and load through supply mains when the recharge amount is depleted. A prototype of the system has been developed with the state of the art digital and information technology and proven to be stable, reliable and easy maintenance.

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