Real time water quality detection is the key for both National as well as International Safety and Health parameter as it can basically decrease the fatality and in addition, expenses on cure those issues. Consumers expect suppliers to provide clean potable water which meets wellness standards as well as the sensuous requirements such as turbidity, color, taste. Nitrate is one of the critical parameters for the evaluation of water quality. Excessive contamination of nitrates may cause harm not only to human being but also aqua life. Nitrate in water affect the human cells carrying oxygen to the blood. It can cause methemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrome and that’s why detection of nitrate is very crucial. The safety limit of nitrate detection is 10mg/l nitrate nitrogen. A variety of strategies have been proposed for detecting and monitoring nitrate in recent past (e.g. UV spectroscopy, electrochemical methodologies, and steam distillation reducing NH3, colorimetric pursuing reduction by Cd, hydrazine and ion chromatography). In this review, work shows electrochemical methodologies and spectroscopy methodologies for detection of nitrate. This paper basically investigates commercially available and modern research methods and gadgets worthy for detection of drinking water quality in real time and recommends advance improvements around there.

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In RF application the power management and charging of batteries for wireless low power devices is a big issue. In this paper we are presenting the efficient energy at input output section of RF application. Analysis of input impedance using three matching topology is necessary to get maximum power transformation which is then converted into DC signal. The voltage level of incoming input signal is 359.26mV which is further passes through Step-Up transformer which increases the voltage level upto 3.659V. Here we used, MOSFET in spite of diode in voltage multiplier because it gives an linear output compare to diode and noise free DC signal output. We observed that at 0dBm input power, output DC voltage is greater than the output DC voltage at -5dBm which gives an output of 1.778V and at -10dBm which gives an output of 1V. It gives an pure output DC voltage of 3.162V at 0dBm input power and stored the energy of 3.79〖×10〗^(-10) J while it is dissipated the power of 0.189W at 2ns time period. And it gives an voltage efficiency of 86.18% at 50Ω load. It can develop sufficient voltage for driving low power electronic devices.

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Transmission and distribution is a very important aspect concerned with the operation of industrial machines and home appliances. Only with the proper transmission and distribution, industrial machines and home appliances can work efficiently. Now a days, because of technology up gradation industrial machines and home appliances are frequently used over long period of time. Because of these loads voltage stability will be disturbed during the transmission and distribution. Voltage stability is nothing but a proper ratio of active power with respect to the reactive power. As load varies from no load to full load, reactive power will also vary according to the load. Once the reactive power increases or decreases from its acceptance value, further it directly affects the voltage stability of the transmission and distribution. In turn which affects the performance of the load. to overcome this problem usage of above proposed system ie static VAR compensator(SVC) is the best solution.

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Fuzzy logic represents soft computing method for solving problems where classical logic cannot provide satisfying results. Fuzzy logic for solving the control problems of boiler examples of water level in boiler drum and combustion quality control s presented. Fuzzy control rules were extracted from operator knowledge based on the relative relevance ruling criteria for existing boiler room. Proposed fuzzy control design a simulation system of fuzzy logic controller for water tank level control by using simulation package which is Fuzzy Logic Toolbox and Simulink in MATLAB software. In order to find the best design to stabilize the water level in the system, some factors will be considered. For this project, the water level was controlled by using three rules of membership function which then extended to five rules and seven rules for verification purpose and further improvement of the system. Besides that, several of different methods also been used in order to design the most stabilize system.

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Fiber-reinforced polymer composites played a dominant role for a long time in a variety of applications for their high specific strength. The fiber which serves as reinforcement in reinforced plastics may be synthetic or natural. Past studies show that only synthetic fibers such as glass, carbon etc., have been used in fiber-reinforced plastics. Although glass and other synthetic fiber-reinforced plastics possess high specific strength, it is very limited application. In this connection, an investigation has been carried out to make use of coconut, a natural fiber abundantly available in India. Natural fibers are not only strong and lightweight but also relatively very cheap. The present work describes the development and characterization of a new set of natural fiber based polymer composites consisting of coconut fiber as reinforcement, polyester resin, some materials like rice husk and rice husk ash. Experiments are carried out to study the effect of different fiber composition such as coconut fiber, rice husk and rice husk ash and polyester composites. In the present work, polyester and rice husk ash composition gives more tensile strength and composition of coconut fiber, rice husk and rice husk ash and polyester gives the more impact strength. This work can be further extended to study other aspects of such composites like effect of fiber content, fiber orientation, loading pattern, fiber treatment on mechanical behaviour of coconut fiber, rice husk and rice husk ash and polyester composites.

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There are many causes of failure of flywheel. Maximum tensile and bending stresses induced in the rim and tensile stresses gets induced in the arm under the action of centrifugal forces are the main causes of flywheel failure. In this work stress evaluation in the rim and arm are studied using finite element method and results are validated by analytical calculations .The models of flywheel having solid, four and six no. arms are developed. The FE analysis is carried out for different loading conditions on the flywheel for different cases the maximum Von-mises stresses and deflection in the rim are determined. From this analysis it is analyzed that Maximum stresses induced are in the rim and arm junction. Due to application of tangential forces, maximum bending stresses occurs near the hub end of the arm. It is also observed that for low angular velocity the effect of gravity on stresses and deflection of rim and arm is predominant. The FEM formulation carried out in ANSYS workbench R14.

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Cardiology is one of the medicine branch which deals with the heart diseases. Here we present the new system for monitoring the heart by using ambient light and digital camera. Photoplethysmography is the new technique which deals with the heart and we can measure heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiration rate and oxygen saturation. But due to rapid advancement in the imaging devices there is trend to convert traditional PPG into remote PPG. Remote photoplethysmography is most recent method for measuring the heart rate according to skin color variations. Firstly we have to consider ROI for experiment and hence Viola Jones algorithm is used for the face detection. The peak-to-peak time between systolic and diastolic point is related to the heart rate. After extraction of BVP pulse, we are extending our work toward classification of these pulses in to six different types as Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR), Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC), Atrial Premature Contraction (APC), Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) and Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT). For classication we will use Support Vector Machine Classier (SVM).

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A Hybrid cloud is a concrescence of public plus private clouds bound together by either standardized or proprietorship technology that changes information plus diligence movableness. Proposed system aiming to expeditiously resolving yequandary from deduplication on differential favors in remote location computing. A hybrid remote location structure lying of a populace remote location plus a person removed location plus ye information owners simply source their information storage by using world cloud while ye information operation is managed in private cloud. To build information management measurability in cloud computing, de-duplication has been an identical well-kenned technique recently is use. Deduplication dilutes your bandwidth requirements, hastens the data transfers, and it keeps your cloud storage needs to a minimum. Proposed system demonstrates several nascent deduplication formulas fortifying approved duplicate assure inside hybrid remote location structure. To hold ye privacy of information ye convergent encoding proficiency holds made up used to encrypt ye information afore source. Approved deduplication system support differential sanction duplicate check. As a proof of conception, a prototype is implemented in approved duplicate check scheme and conduct test bed experiments utilizing prototype, approved duplicate check scheme incurs minimal overhead compared to mundane operations.

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This paper reviews work done in the area of Active Vibration Control of Beam by Using PZT patches. Active vibration control deals with the vibration of a structure by using opposite directional force of same magnitude for suppression of cantilever beam. In this paper a cantilever beam is used to study the active vibration control using PZT patches. The smart beam consists of rectangular aluminum beam fixed at one end and PZT patches are used as sensor and actuator. ANSYS 14.2 software is used to derive the finite element model of beam and to find out the optimum position and size. Optimization of position will be carried out by theoretically and experimentally. Then experimental study will be carried out for the various control methodologies for maximum vibration control at optimized position using neural network controller or its Simulink. The experiment should be carried out to place the sensor at top and actuator below the beam and actuator placed above the beam and sensor below the beam using serial plotter or Arduino 1.6.7 software.

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Now-a-days natural fibers such as sisal, flax, hemp, jute, bamboo, banana, coir etc. are widely used for environmental concern. In this work, a new material was developed which possess high strength to weight ratio. Two natural fibers such as sisal and hemp reinforced with epoxy matrix. These fibers were treated with NAOH (alkali treatment) for better fiber matrix adhesion, the hybrid composites were prepared by compression molding technique at room temperature with applied pressure 410.4 kg/cm2 for 3 hours pressurization time. The mechanical properties were characterized according to standards. The amount of reinforcement varied was 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Prepared specimens were examined for mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural strength. Hybrid composite with 30% wt of sisal & hemp fiber were found to posses higher strength (tensile strength = 25.11Mpa; and flexural strength = 96.14Mpa) among the fabricated hybrid composite specimens.

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In this paper Back EMF Observer is presented in order to estimate the phase-to-phase trapezoidal back-EMF in a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor by using only the measurements of the stator voltages and Currents. This estimated back-EMF was then used to deduce the rotor speed of the motor. In this proposed method consist of two loops, one is outer speed loop and another is inner current control loop, which is Hysteresis current controller (HCC), the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations results.

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. These are low cost, self-organized networks. These networks are infrastructure-less and self-configured to monitor various conditions such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants. The data collected at sensor consumes more energy, but sensor nodes have only limited energy. In this paper, the clustering concept has been used by dividing the region into cells. This technique uses an ant colony optimization (ACO) and MRPSO to select the paths from source to destination node. The new algorithm can also be designed in such a way that low energy nodes do not take part in forwarding the route request messages to find a route to destination node. The proposed scheme minimize the energy consumption as compared to the existing.

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This paper represents the concept of achieving efficient electrical power transmission using emerging technology of IOT and Cloud computing. It combines Electrical modules, Wireless transmission and specially designed Software for a user to interact with.

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Virtual Machine Migration is a great management technique that gives data centre operators the ability to adapt the placement of VMs in order in to better satisfy the performance of objectives, improve resource utilization and statement locality, mitigate presentation hotspots, achieve fault tolerance, reduce energy consumption. Many techniques were implemented for saving the energy of data centres. But these techniques were not so effective because of performance degradations of services and improper utilization of resources. Our proposed work focuses on developing a hybrid resource allocation algorithm using SLA parameters, optimizing those using Genetic Algorithm and finally comparing the proposed scheme with the existing scheme.

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Star sensor is one of the Opto-Mechanical systems. Star tracker/ Star Sensor is an aerospace navigation instrument used to provide absolute 3-axis attitude information to the spacecraft. A “Lost–in-space” case may develop if there is no accurate attitude determination. Hence there is a requirement attitude determination device of maximized accuracy, reliability, life time and optimized mass, size and cost. A wide variety of attitude sensor exists but this is a new design of Opto-Mechanical system. Star sensors have numerous advantageous over other attitude detectors because of their ability to provide 3 axis orientation information with high accuracy. Star sensors are the most accurate attitude determining devices. Finite Element Method is used to analyze Opto-Mechanical System which is a part of navigation system. This assembly is analyzed for mechanical loading. Star Sensor is analyzed for 4 mechanical load cases. Geometry and loading are specified by LEOS (ISRO). The displacement and Von-Mises stresses are presented. UG NX 7.5 is used for CAD modeling and Analysis. Maximum stresses are observed at the bolt locations (localized stresses) and can be neglected.

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we propose a camera-based assistive content perusing structure to visually impaired persons read content marks and item bundling from hand-held articles in their day by day lives. To disconnect the article from jumbled foundations or other encompassing items in the camera view, we first propose a proficient and successful movement based technique to characterize an area of interest (ROI) in the video by requesting that the client shake the item. This strategy separates moving item district by a blend of-Gaussians-based foundation sub-footing technique. In the extricated ROI, content confinement and acknowledgment are led to gain content data. To consequently confine the content districts from the item ROI, we propose a novel content limitation calculation by learning slope elements of stroke introductions and disseminations of edge pixels in an Adaboost model. Content characters in the limited content locales are then binarized and perceived by off-the-rack optical character acknowledgment delicate product. The perceived content codes are yield to visually impaired clients in discourse. Execution of the proposed content limitation calculation is quantitatively assessed on ICDAR-2003 and ICDAR-2011 Robust Reading Datasets. Trial results show that our calculation accomplishes the condition of expressions of the human experience. The Proof of idea model is additionally assessed on a dataset gathered utilizing ten visually impaired persons to assess the viability of the framework's equipment. We investigate client between face issues and evaluate power of the calculation in extricating and perusing content from various items with complex foundations.

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Our surrounding environment is filled up with a large quantity of toxicants in different forms. Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of contaminant in the environment. They contaminate our water, land and atmosphere. Heavy metal pollution is a significant environmental problem and has its negative impact on human health and agriculture. Several methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Currently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from contaminated soil and water. This technology is environmental friendly and potentially cost effective. This paper reports about the mobility, bio-availability and plant response to presence of soil heavy metals in addition to Translocation (TF) and Biological Concentration Factor (BCF). The present study aims to compile the information about heavy metals, effects and their treatment through phytoremediation process.

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On construction site it is required to cut large stone (slab) in small sizes having face cut, straight cut or angle cut. Splitting is a method for cutting the stone using a cutting blade to force the stone past an opposition cutting blade. Hydro-pneumatic system is used for cutting action. It converts small pneumatic pressure into large hydraulic pressure. This study is related to design analysis of stone splitter machine which will increase the efficiency and production of stone cutting. The design of the various components such as angle, channel, lead screw, blades, table, springs is carried out as per respective Indian Standards and analysis is done using finite element software. By using ANSYS software static analysis is carried out for various components. This machine will provide precise split-face cuts, straight cut or angle cut, on natural stones and slabs.

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CO₂ emission from construction sites due to use of cement is a worldwide concern. However, the use of cement is continuously used people’s desire to live in an eco-environment is continuously increasing. To resolve these issues various innovative ideas are being developed, and hence this study carried out. Paper Crete is an innovative composite material made by imparting waste paper as a partial replacement of Portland cement. Use of waste paper as Paper Crete not only reduces the amount of cement but also makes environment friendly building materials.

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Palm oil fuel ash is the waste product obtained from palm oil manufacturing industry. The growing increase in amount of palm oil fuel ash is major concern for environment. The efficient disposal of palm oil fuel as is today’s requirement. The use of palm oil fuel ash as replacement of cement in cement concrete has dual advantages as it contributes in effective disposal of fuel ash and it also contributes to the strength and other structural properties of concrete. In present study, palm oil fuel ash is studied for its effect on strength of concrete when used as partial replacement of cement.

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Inverse filters are widely used in various control, instrumentation and communication systems to correct the distortions of signals caused by signal processing or transmission systems. In this paper present a novel approach multi-function inverse biquad configuration based on current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) and grounded passive elements. The proposed configuration is used to realize inverse lowpass, inverse bandpass and inverse highpass filter functions. The relevant coefficients of the inverse filters are orthogonal adjustable by independent passive elements. All the passive elements in the proposed configuration are grounded to benefit easier electronic tunability.

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Spontaneous ignition and combustion of coal are the major problems for its mining, transportation and usage. The temperature of ignition or combustion of the coal mainly depends upon its rank. Generally, coals having lower ranks are more prone to the spontaneous ignition or combustion than the coal having higher ranks. But many times, as an exception, as the rank increases, the coal becomes more susceptible to spontaneous ignition. As we reduce the particle size, the susceptibility to ignite more efficiently increases. But reducing the size of the coal particle may also increase the volatility. In pulverized combustion, the coal is ground in fine particles and then heated directly. To check the variables which affect the susceptibility of the ignition of the coal, practical experimentation can be carried with some proper combustion setup.

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User share and access the large volume of information on social networking sites like Facebook, Flicker. Face annotation for effective management of personal photos in online social networks (OSNs) is currently of considerable practical interest. The existing OSNs only support manual face annotation, a task that can be considered time-consuming and labor-intensive. We propose a collaborative face recognition (FR) framework, to improving the accuracy of face annotation. The accuracy of face annotation is improved by effectively making use of multiple FR engines available in an OSN. The collaborative FR framework consists of two major parts: selection of FR engines and merging (or fusion) of multiple FR results. In selection of FR engines it determines a set of personalized FR engines that are suitable for recognizing query face images belonging to a particular member of the OSN. For this purpose, it uses both social network context in an OSN and social context in personal photo collections. There are two solutions for merging FR results, traditional techniques for combining multiple classifier results. Experiments were conducted using 547 991 personal photos collected from an existing OSN. The results demonstrate that the proposed collaborative FR method is able to significantly improve the accuracy of face annotation, compared to conventional FR approaches that only make use of a single FR engine. Also the collaborative FR framework has a low computational cost and comes with a design that is suited for deployment in a decentralized OSN

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For many Natural Language Processing tasks, Opinion Mining of text content is important. In recent years, Social Media plays important role for expressing and sharing of any valuable or important information in terms of text, SMSs, mails, reviews or comments, etc. Existing studies of Opinion Mining tend to extract less features and also used static datasets i.e. publicly available datasets. So the proposed system gives a heuristic approach for Dynamic Comment Classification. The approach focuses on crawling of web pages by entering seed URL and then parsing of web pages is done. After getting user and their comments, preprocessing of comments is done. Various features are extracted like term weight, Noun Identification, Thematic words, Bag of words, etc. Then by applying Fuzzy Logic and IF-THEN rules, comment classification is done: positive and negative. Evaluation is done by the evaluation parameters like Precision, recall and F-measure.

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This experimental work describes the mechanical properties of concrete on addition of steel and propylene. Steel and polypropylene fiber together are known as Hybrid Fiber Reinforced concrete(HFRC).HFRC is prepared by adding any two fibers to the conventional concrete to make it a composite mixture and that derives benefits from each of the added fiber and exhibits significant response. Here the polypropylene fibers helps in resisting initial cracks and shrinkage, steel fibers helps in increase the strength of concrete. In present work M35 grade of concrete can be prepared according to the IS 10262:2009 reference code. these steel and polypropylene fibers are added by 50% each with different hybridization from 0% to 1.5%. For calculating strength parameters specimens are casted and cured for 28 days and tested in the lab for Compressive Test, Split Tensile Test and Flexural Test. From the present investigation the strength parameter increases with the percentage of increase in fiber. Therefore here the hybrid ratio of 1.5% gives the more result when compared to other hybrid ratio.

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