Taguchi method is a problem – solving tool which can improve the performance of the product, process design and system. This method combines the experimental and analytical concepts to determine the most influential parameter on the result response for the significant improvement in the overall performance. In this research Aluminium 6063 alloy was prepared by sand casting using three different parameters, Pouring temperature, Pouring time, and cooling time of the casting materials. Dye penetrant test and Ultrasonic test were conducted on each sample to study the surface and internal defects respectively. A tensile and hardness tests were done for the resulted castings. The primary objective is to use Taguchi method for predicting the better parameters that give the highest tensile strength and hardness to the castings, and then preparing casting sample at these parameters and comparing them with the randomly used ones. The experimental and analytical results showed that the Taguchi method was successful in predicting the parameters that give the highest properties and the pouring temperature was the most influential parameter on the tensile strength and hardness results of castings.

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Boiler tube failures continue to be the leading cause of forced outages in fossil-fired boilers. To get your boiler back on line and reduce or eliminate future forced outages due to tube failure, it is extremely important to determine the specific root cause. One of the main reasons for boiler forced outages is boiler tube leakage. The plan was to carry out for experimental investigation and analysis of the boiler tube failure, and then strategy is to implementation of plan with different power plants and failure techniques until it was considered effective. This paper aims to covers the major reasons of Boiler tube Leakages and effective design considerations and recommended suggestions to avoid the same. Failure analysis methodology is applied to the principal mechanisms by which boiler tubes fail during service. Several important factors often associated with component failures are deficiency in design, fabrication, operating conditions and expended useful life.

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The objective of this study is to compare different algorithms which make use of image quality measures for fake biometric detection. Recently, many applications are based on face recognition techniques including video surveillance, law enforcement, and identity authentication. These systems are widely used online and provide a very fast recognition rate. Face recognition is very important especially in uncontrolled environment. It is a challenging task to recognize faces due to illumination, occlusion, pose variation, expressions, aging factors and alignment etc. There are different methods used to identify whether the object is fraudulent or genuine. This paper gives idea about previous researches and their findings.

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This paper describes the design of 32-bit single precision floating point complex multiplier using Vedic mathematics. Multipliers are key components of many high performance systems such as microprocessors, FIR filters, digital signal processors, etc. Performance of a system is generally determined by the performance of the multiplier. Complex number operations are the backbone of many digital signal processing algorithms, which mostly depend on extensive number of multiplications. Complex multiplication is of immense importance in Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Image Processing (IP). The IEEE 754 standard provides the format for representation of Binary Floating point numbers in computers. The Binary Floating point numbers are represented in Single and Double formats. Vedic mathematics is the Indian system of mathematics which is mainly based on 16 Sutras. The “Urdhva Tiryagbhyam” sutra is used for the design. 32-bit adder, sub-tractor, 24bit Vedic multiplier and 32 bit floating point complex multiplier are designed. All the modules in the design are coded in VHDL Finally. Simulation of the design is done in XILINX 14.5i ISE Simulator.

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As the Solar effects regulate to constant work at a rapid pace, it starts to generate heat. If this heat is not kept in evaluation, the space could excess heat and eventually turbulate itself. Fortunately, a cooling space include a solar duct, which dissipates the heat from the space, preventing it from excess heating with the increase in heat dissipation from space and the reduction in overall form factors, thermal management becomes a more and more important element of solar duct product design. Providing an artificial roughness on a heat transferring surface is an effective passive heat transfer technique to enhance the rate of heat transfer to fluid flow. In this paper, reviews of various artificial roughness elements used as conjugate and convective heat transfer techniques, in order to optimized a performance of thermo hydraulic performance of a solar air heater, is done. The aim of this paper is to survey of literature various studies, in which variable artificial roughness elements are used to enhance the heat transfer rate with little effect of friction. A relation developed by various researchers and research scholars with the help of experimental results and simulation results for heat transfer and friction factor for solar air heater ducts by taking various roughened surfaces profiles are given in table form. These relations are used to analyze the thermo hydraulic performance of solar air heaters having roughened ducts. The objective is to view a detailed review on heat transfer enhancement by using an artificial roughness technique. This paper will be very helpful for the research scholars who are predicting effect of new artificial roughness for solar air heater ducts to enhance the heat transfer rate and comparing with artificial roughness already studied by various researchers.

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The earthquake is natural disaster which is unpredictable and uncontrollable. The structures cannot be earthquake proof but can be earthquake resistant. The tuned mass dampers are very much effective for the wind loads and harmonic loading in the structures. The fundamental mode can effectively be controlled by tuning the frequency of the tuned mass damper with the modal frequency of the structure. In this study the structure with tuned mass dampers are subjected to harmonic loading using shake and the behavior is observed. It is observed that the tuned mass damper effectively reduces the deformation of the structure by increasing the damping and tuning of frequency of that mode.

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This review paper describes the design of a rectenna that convert the electromagnetic energy into the DC power which is much more useful to run the Microelectronics device. A new rectenna topology consisting only of an antenna, a matching circuit, a Schottky diode, and a DC filter. the amounts of power that can be transferred by using rectenna are heavily dependent on geometric properties of diodes and this has a great effect on output dc voltage [1].compact dual-band rectenna, the measured result show an efficiency of 37% and 30% at 915 MHz and at 2.45 GHz [2].

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For a structural engineer, the appropriate success in analysis and design of concrete structures depends on his/ her understanding of the proper behavior of the concrete material under different loading conditions. Therefore in this work the behavior of concrete under different loading conditions is studied. Litewka et. al. (2002) plasticity model available in literature is studied to obtain realistic results. Yield function, hardening and softening function, plastic potential function, flow rule etc. are required to define plasticity model. The material behavior described by this plasticity model is compared with experimental data. Model performance shows predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Depending upon accuracy in material behavior prediction, the corresponding computational models will be very useful in development of commercial software for analysis and design of concrete structure.

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Agriculture plays a pivotal role to increase the Indian economy. Although India is the second largest irrigated country in the world after China, only one-third of the cropped area is under irrigation. Therefore Irrigation is the most important agricultural input in a tropical monsoon country like India where rainfall is uncertain, unreliable and erratic India cannot achieve sustained progress in agriculture unless and until more than half of the cropped area is brought under assured irrigation and its contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) is now around one sixth, it provides employment to 56 per cent of the Indian workforce. Also, the forward and backward linkage effects of agriculture growth increase the incomes in the non-agriculture sector. The growth of some commercial crops has significant potential for promoting exports of agricultural commodities and bringing about faster development of agro-based industries. The purpose of this project entitled as “Android App for mobile agriculture services” is to solve the problems of millions of small farmers which are arrows in their day to day life.

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Keyword search is a sort of investigation in which coordinating of related records containing one or many related words determined by the client. The web not only includes textual record but also include internet of interlinked knowledge. The linked information as of now contains profitable information in various zones, for example, e-government, e-business, and the biosciences. The growing numbers of datasets published on the web are considering as linked knowledge which brings possibilities of prime data availability of information. As the information grows challenges for addressing also grows. It is exceptionally risky to look in connected information using structured languages. Hence, Keyword Query looking for linked information is utilized. Distinctive methodologies for keyword query looking through which the effectiveness of keyword search can be enhance greatly. Through routing the key phrase to relevant data source the cost of processing can be reduced. The Multilevel Scoring Mechanism is used to find top-k result for relevant document retrieval. By using this mechanism relevant data can be retrieved effectively and efficiently.

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Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a special form of wireless networks which is formed by vehicles which are communicating among themselves on roads. The conventional routing protocols proposed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are not suitable for VANETS they work poorly in VANETs. As communication links break more frequently in VANETs than in MANETs, the routing reliability of such highly dynamic networks needs to be pay special attention. A very little research has focused on the routing reliability of VANETs on highways. In this paper, we use the evolving graph theory to model the VANET communication graph on a highway. This paper is to propose an evolving graph-based reliable routing scheme for VANETs to provide quality-of-service (QoS) which support in the routing process.

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Rear axle housing is an important element to house differential mechanism with body loads transferred through support brackets. These members are subjected to various loads during its operation. So a check is required to maintain safety of the problem. In the present work, a rear axle housing is checked for structural safety under leak testing pressures. Initially the structure is built using a three dimensional software based on the autocad representation of the problem. Hypermesh is used for noble excellence meshing. Then it is imported to Ansys for analysis. Initially analysis is carried out to find the optimum constraint to minimize the distortion in the member due to internal leak testing pressures. Initial constraint provided on the top and bottom results, shows failure for safety. Further with the dome region constraint the analysis shows safety for distortion as the deflection developed is less than the allowable deflection. Further the analysis is carried out for the spectrum loads for road vibration based on the mil standards. The spectrum data is given as input which combines the results of modal frequencies for amplified displacements. The results shows safety of the housing for the given loads. Further a transient analysis is carried out for the given load history data based on mil standards. A triangular pulse data is considered as the transient vibration data. The results shows safety of the housing for the given loads. Altogether the results are interpreted with essential graphical plots.

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Currently heat exchangers are used in almost all industrial fields. The heat exchanger design greatly affects the design of the entire system or process in which they are applied. Various factors influence the design of heat exchanger, major things are heat transfer rate, pumping power needs to run the heat exchanger and also heat exchanger size, weight, and production cost. The conduction losses are minimized by using higher thermal conductivity materials, radiation losses are less concern for heat exchangers operating under moderate temperature. Whereas the intensity of heat transfer by convection is the dominant challenge particularly on the gas side for the design of heat exchangers. From Newton’s law of cooling heat transfer rate mainly depends on Surface area and heat transfer co-efficient. Heat transfer co-efficient can’t be changed but it can changed due increasing surface area by altering original shape such as pin fins. The main aim of this study is to find out the most effective pin fin from V-threaded pin fins having with and without perforations in inline and staggered arrangement. Trials were conducted for varying Reynolds number and results were found out respectively for each pin fins.

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This paper reflects the different sampled data used in speech recognition for SSI. The EMG is an electrical potential generated by movements associated with speech sound production in glottal region, jaw, tongue, soft palate, lips and other areas. This paper provides up-to date review of current approaches based on speech recognition EMG based speech recognition. The techniques are helpful to enable SSI, when EMG signals are recorded for those people who only articulate speech without producing any sound. The SSI have mostly depends on sampled data for facial and visual modalities to reduce the negative effect in speaker variation and recognition accuracy. The outline of discussion that it will need to improve in large training dataset, used of different languages based model, removal of noise artifacts.

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Aluminium alloy materials found to the best alternative with its unique capacity of designing the materials to give required properties. Aluminium alloy Metal Matrix Composites are gaining wide spread acceptance for automobile, industrial, and aerospace applications because of their low density, high strength and good structural rigidity. In this study metal matrix composite is fabricated through stir casting method. Titanium Oxide (TiO2) is used as reinforcement for the present study. The Metal Matrix Composite is prepared with varying the TiO2 volume fraction ranging from 2% to 8%. Metal Matrix Composite is fabricated successfully through stir casting method and found that the mechanical properties of fabricated metal matrix composite materials like tensile strength, hardness and impact strength of the metal matrix material found by using different experimental methods. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of the metal matrix composites is increasing with volume fraction of Titanium Oxide. Similarly, hardness and impact strength of Metal Matrix Composite are increasing with volume fraction of Titanium Oxide.

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The present work focuses on behaviour of structure with and without provision of floating column and it is necessary to check whether the structure is safe or unsafe with floating column when it is built in seismically active areas and to check the complexities due to floating columns and also to find the building with floating columns is economical or uneconomical. The modelling and analysis is done as per Indian standards codes for G+ 10 OMRF (Ordinary RC moment resting frame) structure. Equivalent static analysis is done as per IS 1893 (part 1): 2002 for earthquake zone III using the STAAD Pro V8i S5 software. The results of the performance and analysis of the structure are then represented graphically form and is compared to determine the best performance of the building against lateral stiffness. A comparative analysis is done in terms of Base shear, Displacement, maximum bending moments in X and Z directions and maximum torsions in beams, Axial forces and moments in Y and Z directions in columns.

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Measurement of the electrical activity in the neurons system of human brain is called EEG signal. This document is describe the analysis of EEG signal or brain signal using computational tool lab view to detect the human sleep stages such as relaxed, unconscious, dream and dream less seep according to the brain waves and its frequency bands. The EEG signal is captured by using the 10-20 electrode placement system when the subject in sleep condition. Read bio-signal and FFT tool box of lab view is used to process the raw data and produced the EEG power spectrum. There will different features like variance, mean, standard deviation and skewness etc. The extracted features are used further in other purposes. In this study the extracted mean is give the help in detection of human sleep stage with the help of lab view software.

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Design validation of butterfly valve for static pressure loading is performed as per maximum Von-Misses Stress theory. The different component of butterfly valve assembly is Extracted and displacement in X, Y and Z direction and resultant displacement plot is extracted. The dynamic behavior of the butterfly valve is performed by performing modal analysis of the butterfly valve. The first fifteen natural frequencies and mode shapes are extracted for the butterfly valve assembly. Modal analysis is performed out to evaluate different component butterfly valve assembly. The butterfly valve is subjected PSD loading. The maximum stress is compared with the ultimate tensile strength of material for evaluation of design. The thermal analysis is performed on the butterfly valve subjected to thermal gradient. The temperature distribution plot for different component of butterfly valve is extracted.

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The healthcare networks have grown the popularity in the recent years. The healthcare networks suffer from the major problem of security over the small computational powered wireless healthcare sensors. In this paper, the major focus has been kept on the development of the lightweight but secure and robust authentication scheme. The proposed healthcare authentication model is based upon the multi-column key computations in the complex manner for the preparation of the robust and secure authentication scheme. The proposed authentication model has been designed for the higher order robustness in the cloud based healthcare network security architecture for the communication established between the wireless healthcare sensor (WHS) and the cloud healthcare server (CHS). The proposed multi-column authentication is based upon the complex key sharing between both of the ends over the healthcare networks to provide the higher privacy to the healthcare data. The proposed model has been designed using the equation driven program using the mathematical computational modules for key data generation and verification over the both ends of the healthcare communication. The CHS propagates the other set of the equation programming using the various mathematical methods collaborated to handle the key verification procedure. The key sharing method is supervised by the transmission module which circulates the key data between both of the nodes in the authentication pair. The proposed model has been evaluated on the basis of various performance parameters for the performance evaluation. The experimental results have clearly shown the robustness of the proposed model in comparison with the existing model.

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In developing country like India where urbanization is at a faster rate, buildings with floating column has been introduced. The main focus is on the importance of structure with floating column under different plan irregularities in construction particularly in G+4 structures. It clears the idea of floating column, its scope and benefits. Meanwhile it depicts the comparison of structures with regular and irregular shapes under different positioning of floating column in zone II and zone V using STAAD Pro software. Experiments results show comparison with displacement, base shear and cost effectiveness of all the structures. This will help us to find the various analytical properties of the structure and we may also have a very systematic and economical design for the structure.

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Speech enhancement aims to improve speech quality by using various algorithms. The objective of enhancement is improvement in intelligibility and/or overall perceptual quality of degraded speech signal using audio signal processing techniques. Speech extraction and enhancement is widely required in so many applications like Hearing Aid design, Music and audio Processing etc. The speech enhancement methods are studied in a large number of investigations. Still so many speech recognition systems perform poor in noisy environmental condition. It has been always remained challenge of extracting and enhancing the speech from the noisy speech. The objective of this study is a comparative study between different methods of speech enhancement. This paper tries to give an idea about the previous researches and their findings about the enhancement of required speech from noisy speech.

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Li-Fi or Light Fidelity refers to Visual light communication systems using light-emitting diodes for medium to high-speed communication in a similar manner as Wi-Fi. Li-Fi is the result of the research of a germen physicist Harald Hass which he calls “data through illumination.” He envisions ‘data from the laptops, smart phones and tablets to be transmitted through the light in the room‘. Wi-Fi makes up to 60% of the total internet traffic and Li-Fi is a better alternative to Wi-Fi in wireless communication. This paper proposes a survey on Li-Fi Technology. Li-Fi has data rate of 100 megabytes per second which is faster than your average broadband connection [9]. It provides security as the visible light is unable to penetrate through the walls which is a major issue with Wi-Fi as it uses radio waves for transmission .The concept of Li-Fi is data communication on fast flickering of light which is not detected by human eye but it is focused on photo detector which converts the on-off state into binary digital data. It has gained a huge popularity in two years of its invention. Such technology has brought not only greener but safer and cheaper future of communication which is the need of the hour.

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Online Feedback management System is a web based application that provides platform for the various colleges and university to take the student’s feedback online or to automate the feedback. This online system is the best place to find feedback report according to the requirement such as feedback given by the various kind of people or student and so on and it is the efficient place to get feedback analysis and maintain security. Students will fill online feedback using a standard form. In this project security is also maintain that is the result of feedback is only visible to authentic user. Online feedback is an integral feature of effective & efficient learning & teaching. It can be one of the powerful way to enhance & strengthen student learning.

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Increasing electricity demand, fuel prices and environmental concerns are the factors which motivates the use of renewable energy sources in India. Most common form of renewable energy sources are sun and wind. But biomass is one of the oldest renewable energy. It comes directly and indirectly from the plants. In last few years, India has shown growth in utilization of renewable energy sources. In India, share of renewable energy sources is almost 14% in total electricity generation. As of April 1, 2015, according to government, 18,452 Indian villages still un-electrified. This paper presents the idea of biogas power plant for rural electrification needs in India. The biogas can be produced using wood and wood waste, agricultural residues & farming manures, human waste, vegetable wastages and municipal waste. The special designed gas engine with modified piston, compression ratio, firing controller for sparkling ignition can be used. If excess biogas available, which can be used for cooking purpose by constructing common kitchens in villages by minimizing need of LPG or kerosene. The proposed system can be implemented in some potential places in Baharurpur, (Punjab), Namakkal, ottanchathiram, palani, salem, Uthukuli, (Tamil Nadu), &some part of Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat in India. [1][5].

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An image is described by a signature, the length of that varies with reference to the quantity of patches within the image using new visual descriptor, probabilistic center-symmetric native binary pattern, it characterize the looks of every image patch. On the far side every individual patch, the spatial relationships among the patches area unit captured. So as to cipher the similarity between 2 pictures, we have a tendency to utilize the planet mover’s distance that is sweet at handling variable-length signatures. The planned image signature is evaluated in 2 completely different applications, i.e., close to duplicate document image retrieval and near-duplicate natural image detection.

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