The paper presents the details of the realisation of FIR filter using distributed arithmetic technique exploiting the look up tables in FPGA. In this project the reconfigurable filter is implemented and tested using audio codec FPGA. To check the filter operations a noise contained music is played through a microphone and ADC will convert this analog signal to the digital one to be processed in filter using FPGA. After processing in filter signal will be given to DAC will convert it into analog signal to be heard from the Line_out port. Instead of ROM we have used DRAM here for variable coefficients. The filter is tested by the microphone and speaker.

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Generally RC framed high rise structures are designed without regards to structural action of masonry infill walls present. Masonry infill walls are widely used as partitions. They are considered as non- structural elements. RC frame building with open first storey is known as soft storey, a similar soft storey effect can also appear, at intermediate storey level if a storey used as a service storey. The soft storey located in the lower part of the high rise building especially the first storey is very undesirable as it attracts severely large seismic forces. In satellite bus stops the ground soft story is of double height than the normal buildings and has sufficiently larger spans for movement of buses, so the effect will be more. At the same time, the soft storey located in the upper part of the high rise building does not significantly affect the performance compared to the performance of the fully infill frame.

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The objective of the present work is to study the behavior of multistorey buildings with floating columns under earthquake excitations. Finite element method is used to solve the dynamic governing equation. Linear time history analysis is carried out for the multistorey buildings under different earthquake loading of varying frequency content. The base of the building frame is assumed to be fixed. Newmark’s direct integration scheme is used to advance the solution in time. The project is aimed at arriving to suitable configuration, modeling, developing models for analysis and design of building with floating column. A through study of relevant specifications is also aimed in the project. STAAD PRO version 8 is used for analysis and design.

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in this paper the study of a typical reaction turbine has been carried out. A reaction turbine is a mechanical device which converts the thermal energy in pressured steam in useful mechanical work i.e. rotation of turbine shaft. Due to the dynamic action of steam mechanical forces are acting on the turbine shaft. The mechanical forces acting on the shafts are calculated analytically. The mechanical forces are in the form of tangential, axial and centrifugal thrust. A typical turbine rotor is considered. The model of turbine rotor is prepared by using CAD software and analysis is done by using FEM software. The mechanical forces acting on turbine shaft are calculated analytically. Then these forces are applied on the software model. The suitable boundary conditions are applied. Material properties are updated and FEM analysis is carried out in ANSYS software.

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A common technique that is also widely used in communication systems is the Adaptive Modulation (AM). In this technique the most appropriate type of modulation is selected in addition to size of the constellation depending on the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) measured at the receiver side. AM technique is employed within the systems of cooperative diversity in order to obtain throughput enhancement from SNR gain. The diversity is also considered another common technique that is employed in mitigating the fading effect. Time diversity methods are not able to be employed for channels of frequency non-selective and slow fading types. The AM and cooperative diversity techniques, which are considered two common and deployed algorithms in improving the wireless communication performance. This project investigated several studies that were introduced in the literature related to these two topics. The proposed methods, concepts, outcomes and considered conditions during the implementation or derivation were also discussed and compared. Each of the studies achieved a clear improvement within the wireless communication system upon considering several criteria, such as; throughput, SNR, SE and BER.

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This Image enhancement (IE)methods present as a preprocessing step in object finding and credit in computer vision applications. The nature of underwater images is poor due to particular engendering assets of light in water. In this way, underwater image enhancement is important to increment visual quality. In this research, presented an underwater IE and Edge preserving using an optimized genetic algorithm (GA). Utilizing GA Optimization, it is performed through common trade of genetic material between parents. Offsprings are framed from parent qualities. Wellness of offsprings is assessed. The fittest people are permitted to breed as it were. In PC world, genetic material is supplanted by series of bits and normal choice supplanted by a fitness function. Matting of parents is represented by cross-over and mutation operations. The performance evaluation based on the peak signal noise ratio (PSNR) and entropy. The comparison of our proposed is on PSNR which shows better than previous methods (Base, CLAHE and Homomorphic Filtering (HF)). The experimental database contains underwater image, seawater image.

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Various wireless communication applications use Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) as modulation and multiplexing technique due to its high Spectral Efficiency (SE). Due to the growing need for wireless capacity such as more users and applications, spectral efficiency should be improved. The signal which is transmitted over wireless channel subject to various loss such as interference, and fading path loss. The demand for high capacity with higher quality of service is increased. In this case, OFDM is a better option to overcome the problem of capacity. The OFDM is having high bandwidth transmission of data. TFT-OFDM has training information both in time and frequency domain. TFT-OFDM utilizes time-domain training sequence without interference cancellation to obtain path delay information of the channel, whereas the path coefficients are obtained by using frequency-domain grouped pilots. The simulation is carried out in terms of BER performance of TFT-OFDM over different channels such as AWGN, Brazil D and Vehicular B channel. Result shows that as the signal to noise ratio increases the bit error rate performance of TFT-OFDM system improves.

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In this paper thermodynamic modeling is used to assess the performance characteristics of a solar desalination system using concentrated parabolic solar trough. In this desalination system a single-effect flash evaporator is used to evaporate the fluid with a reduced pressure state. Instead of reducing pressure in the evaporation chamber the fluid’s evaporating temperature will be less.so that we can get more vapor withless temperature. Due to this kind of evaporators the instantaneous efficiency of the whole system is increased. Although very few solar power plants have been set up in the last fifteen years, significant R&D advances have taken place in cylindrical parabolic collector technology.

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VM placement is defined as the process of mapping the VM requests to the PMs, according to the availability of resources in these hosts. In this paper we present an efficient Virtual Machine Placement System called VMP-LR consists of three main components. First, the Resource Request Handling Component creates VM queues for each data centre using Queuing Algorithm based on Multi-dimensional Resource Characteristics. Second, the VM placement Component uses traffic and load aware Scheduling Algorithms to map VMs to PMs efficiently. These algorithms are also fine tuned to efficiently handle high, medium and low resource requests. Third, Load Monitoring Component performs monitoring the VMs periodically in terms of the selected resources and when usage of the PM drops below a threshold, performs rebalancing using an algorithm. This algorithm is based on ant colony optimization and can avoid over and under utilization of resources. All these components are interconnected and will be monitoring continuously by the VM manager. The proposed VMP-LR was deployed on an open source simulation framework called CloudSim. In order to analyze the efficiency of the proposed algorithms, several experiments were conducted and the results were compared with existing conventional solutions. The proposed algorithm utilizes minimum number of physical servers for hosting the set of VMs, which also reduces the energy consumption of the datacenter and it achieved high resource utilization rate by the way of using minimal number of physical servers.

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The increased rate of power electronics devices is mostly in distribution side can cause the current and voltage distortions in the power system results disturbed power quality. It is very much important to give attention on PQ issue, negligence may cause severe damage to the system. Due to some situations like active and reactive power exchange, balancing the load condition, harmonics, sag, swell, different kinds of faults and so on causes the systems power quality. Non linear load is the major cause for the production of harmonics in the system. To amplify these situations need of CPD like DSTATCOM. In that CHB based 7 level DSTATCOM is a high power device used to mitigate harmonics distortions to reduce the PQ problems and improve power factor. In this proposed work LSPWM technique supports to CHB for the applications of DSTATCOM. The reference current signals for generation of switching signals of multilevel inverter are obtained using SRF theory. THD calculated of non-linear load and compared with and without DSTATCOM. This work has been simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment.

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The be trained of four-bar linkage to hint a desired course is an principal a part of obtaining the superior geometry of a 4-bar linkage which is used in design. When the number of the precision facets exceeds a precise number, it's not viable to apply or it's intricate to apply analytical methods. However some intelligence optimization ways can be utilized based on the complexity of the obstacle. Course synthesis of four-bar linkages with more than one numbers of precision points has been found as an optimization challenge. A computer programmed established on this algorithm is applied in Matlab to acquire the superior dimension of 4-bar linkage. The perform files are employed to generate preliminary possible options and potent object operate.

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The paper implies that the entire storage data base which can modify and change entries documents depend on the analytics using volume and value using trends detections and predictions. Hadoop frame-worked application works in an environment that provides distributed storage and computation across clusters of computers. The variety which explains the source of data and types structured data, unstructured data, and semi structured data. The papers surveys the usage of the data storage in the network.

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In this study of the stress of chain drive, existing sprocket of Bajaj Pulsar 180 motorcycle is compared with the sprocket of carbon fiber material. It has been achieved by using ANSYS 13, by applying torque in to the model of sprocket. Sprocket of mild steel (MS) is considered as an object and input variables have been taken from standard conventional rear wheel sprocket model of Bajaj Pulsar 180. Sprocket has been designed as per standard design procedure with input data of Bajaj Pulsar 180. Then CAD model is made by the commands in Catia V5 R19 of pad, pocket, fillet, and geometrical selections in part design module. Pre-processing like meshing is carried in Hypermesh 12.0. With insertion of that model into the ANSYS 13 for post-processing with different properties of stainless steel we found different values of Von-Misses stress and total deformation. With same model of sprocket, analysis has been carried out in ANSYS 13 with different properties of carbon fiber.

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As we all know a simple firewall can no longer provide enough scrutiny as in the past. Today's data arrangements in power and business sectors are dispersed whose necessitation requires the use of multiple systems, both proactive and reactive. The premise behind intrusion detection systems is simple: Use a set of agents to filter both network traffic and look for the “signatures” of known network attacks. In this work we have focus on Simple and Hybrid ANN based approach for anomaly detection and how Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) cab be used for anomaly detection. One of the novel challenges in the area of IDS detecting unknown or modified attacks because we all know attacks can also have geographically distributed nature. Anomaly based IDS can play a vital role in the field of IDS. We present a Neural Network based technique, which can be used to reduce the false positive in intrusion detection and improve the detection rate in intrusion detection. We will focus on Simple and Hybrid ANN based approach for anomaly detection. This paper will discuss how Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is used for anomaly detection.

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An examination of the recent literature shows that the construction development undertakings are much of the time finished with huge cost overruns, augmented timetables and quality concerns. Cost overruns in Residential Sector ventures can raise the capital-yield proportion in the sector, bringing down the efficiency. However there are no estimates of the cost overruns, and of their chance expense. This study lands at harsh assessments of the effect of cost overrun in the present practice in India.

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Denial of service (DoS) attacks have become a major threat to current computer networks and also a major problem to intranet and Internet services. To have a better understanding on DoS attacks, this article provides an overview on existing DoS attacks and major defense technologies in the Internet and wireless networks. There are number of algorithms exist to counter Low rate DoS attacks but their performance and efficiency vary from one algorithm to another. In this paper we discuss some network multifractal to counter LDoS attacks, which will help to find the MFDFA algorithms to prevent LDoS attacks on low rate network.

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To achieve ZCS for both power switches and rectifier diodes LCC resonant converter with inductive filter working in discontinuous current mode (DCM) can be used, as it is suitable for high power, low voltage, high current power supplies. But when voltage varies or load changes this DCM LCC resonant converter with inductive filter might work in different operating modes. To overcome from this problem this paper derives mode boundary map. On the basis of mode boundary map, operating mode of converter can be determined and optimal design process is proposed and set of optimal and normalized converter parameters is determined which can be easily converted into real parameter according to the converter specification.

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Aerofoil plays a vital role in performance of the gas turbine as they are the key component of the gas turbine blade. The aerofoil is the characteristic design criterion which helps to generate the whole blade on its profile. The various design parameters such as chord length, chamber position, value of chamber, blade thickness; all helps to develop a unique blade profile which will perform better for the given operating condition. Since objective of a gas turbine is to generate the optimum rotation by utilizing the gas stream coming up to it thus the objective while selecting the aerofoil will be to select the aerofoil with maximum value of lift to drag ratio. Also in case of transonic flow the location of shock also plays important role as it will cause losses and various functional problems associated with flow process. As gas turbine operates in transonic zone condition thus selecting a suitable aerofoil for such condition is a important part. Thus in this work we have selected some suitable well defined aerofoil for national adversary of aeronautical community series. Which are being compared with REA2282 aerofoil thus we can select the optimum aerofoil for our purpose.

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MANET (Mobile ad hoc network) is a congregation of mobile nodes that randomly forms the transitory network and it is a network without infrastructure. The security issue in MANET is more intricate when comparison is done with common network for which the intrusion can be done by getting physical way in to the wired link or pass over sanctuary holes at routers and firewalls. MANETs are defenseless to plentiful attacks. This is a self-governing arrangement in which different mobile nodes are associated by wireless links. MANETs cover of mobile nodes those are self-governing for moving in and out over the network. Nodes in MANET can operate as router/host or reciprocally concurrently. MANET often be unwell with security coercion because of it have features like lack of central management, varying topology dynamically, cooperative algorithms, open medium & monitoring, and no noticeable security mechanism. These made this issue as attentive focus by researcher for the MANETs against the sanctuary threats. In this paper we have elaborated about sanctuary distress in MANET and their penalty. We have proposed the use of hybrid routing protocol against the attacks in MANET.

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Routing is defined as the process of finding the route for data transmission in the network. In wireless sensor network various sensor nodes are present that are used for the sensing, computing and communication. An external mobile sink is present that is used for the communication with the nodes directly. Previously the static sink approach was used but had some limitations so later this was replaced by the mobile sink approach but still the problem of minimizing of the energy consumed and increasing the lifetime of the network exist today. Traditionally various protocols like LEACH, DECC etc. were used. So in this proposed work the VGDRA routing algorithm is enhanced. To resolve the problem of traditional VGDRA problem the event driven based strategy is used for the data transfer, the energy will be only released when it is required. By this the energy consumption of the system decrease and the life time the network is increased The proposed method is considered to be efficient as the energy consumption is minimum and the life time of the network is increased from the results obtained it is observed that the proposed method of routing is an efficient approach for the route selection. Along with this the selection of the Cluster head is done on the basis of the weight value. A comparison is performed between the traditional and the proposed routing algorithm form which it is concluded that the proposed method is efficient and better than the traditional routing algorithm.

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Big data is a massive volume of both structured and unstructured data which is so large and difficult to process using traditional database and software techniques. Its applications provide great benefits to organizations, business, companies and many large scale and small scale industries. Some of the applications are in areas such as healthcare, traffic management, banking, retail, education. We live in a world which is driven by the increasing data because of the use of internet, smart phones and social media. Current Technologies for securing data are slow when applied to huge amounts of data. This paper highlights the important concepts of Big Data and reviews the security aspects of Big Data along with its future scope. With this new technology creating new opportunities the need to understand its security concerns are important.

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This experiment will provide method for increasing tube-in-tube exchanger performance. The tube-in-tube heat exchanger is designed to study the process of transfer of heat between two fluids through a solid partition. It will be designed for a parallel flow as well as counter-flow arrangement and the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) method of analysis is adopted. Water will be used as a working fluid for the experiment. The temperatures of the hot and cold water supplied to the equipment. The parameter required to find out the effectiveness of the heat exchanger will be arranged in this setup such as the inlet and outlet temperature of the hot and cold fluid, flow rate of the fluid power consumption etc. The modified wire mesh tube in tube will be replaced for the ordinary tube in tube so the surface area is increased so maximum heat will exchange from hot side to the cold side. This will be proved by calculation of the LMTD, Heat transfer coefficient and temperature difference. Arrangement will be made such that in one set we can achieve the both parallel and counter flow by simply opening and closing of the valve shown in the process of this whole setup. This set up is used for comparing the Logarithmic mean temperature difference, heat transfer coefficient, the effectiveness and the temperature difference for the modified wire mesh heat exchanger & with the ordinary Heat exchanger.

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one of important task in cardiac disease diagnosis is to identify intra-cardiac masses in echocardiogram. Based on Multi-class SVM classifier to identify the difference between the intra-cardiac masses in echo-cardiograph to get good accuracy. First, a region of interest is cropped to define the mass area. Then apply global de-noising by NLM to eliminate the noise without disturbing the original structure. Subsequently, the contour of the mass and it connected mass atrial wall are identified with adaptive color segmentation model. Finally the motion, the boundary as well as the texture features are processed by SVM classifier. Our proposed method gives good accuracy and sensitivity. Intra-cardiac masses are the condition of increasing clinical significance not only because of its potential complications but also lack of clinical evidence to guide clinicians in selecting optimal therapies.

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Multipliers are among the most critical arithmetic functional units. The overall performance of the Digital multiplier systems depends on throughput of the multiplier. The negative bias temperature instability effect occurs when a pMOS transistor is under negative bias (Vgs = −Vdd), increasing the threshold voltage of a pMOS transistor and reducing the multiplier speed. Similarly, positive bias temperature instability occurs when an nMOS transistor is under positive bias. Both effects degrade the speed of the transistor and in the long term, the system may be fail due to timing violations. Therefore, it is required to design reliable high-performance multipliers. In this paper, we implement an agingaware multiplier design with a novel adaptive hold logic (AHL) circuit. The multiplier is able to provide the higher throughput through the variable latency and can adjust the adaptive hold logic (AHL) circuit to lessen performance degradation that is due to the aging effect. The proposed design can be applied to the column bypass multiplier.

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the purpose of this paper is to make an attempt to review the literature on optimization of process parameters for minimum surface roughness and maximum material removal rate in turning. The process parameters like spindle speed (rpm), feed (mm/rev) and depth of cut (mm) are taken into consideration.

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