Technology stemming from web of things is home automation. World’s main focus is to make a smart home to take advantage in providing comfort for human life. Energy monitoring and conservation holds prime importance in today’s world because of the imbalance between power generation and demand, there are very accurate electronic energy monitoring systems available in the market. Most of these monitor the power consumed in a domestic household, in case of residential applications. Many a times, consumers are dissatisfied with the power bill as it does not show the power consumed at the device level. This paper presents the design and implementation of an energy meter using Arduino microcontroller which can be used to measure the power consumed by any individual electrical appliance. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging field and IoT based devices have created a revolution in electronics and IT. The main intention of the proposed energy meter is to monitor the power consumption at the device level, upload it to the server and establish remote control of any appliance. The energy monitoring system precisely calculates the power consumed by various electrical devices and displays it through a home energy monitoring website. The advantage of this device is that a user can understand the power consumed by any electrical appliance from the website and can take further steps to control them and thus help in energy conservation. Further on, the users can monitor the power consumption as well as the bill on daily basis.

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Cloud computing is a vast concept. Today cloud computing is the main area of research for IT professionals. Cloud computing is a widespread lease that encompasses sending hosted services over the Internet. It is paradigm in which the resources that can reduce the rate and complication of service benefactors. This technology promises to reduce operational and capital costs. It is much more than simple internet. It is a concept that allows user to access applications that truly be inherent in at location other than user’s own computer system or other Internet-connected devices. There are number of benefits of this construction. As an example new firm masses user tender. This means that they handle cost of servers, they manage software updates that depends service only. Discretion, Truth, Handiness, Legitimacy, and Discretion are necessary for all. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) serves as the important layer for the other transport copies, and a deficiency of safekeeping in this level will ultimately disturb the other mockups. This paper elaborates learning of one of such security components namely IaaS and determines susceptibility.

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Renewable energy source (RES) are evolved from natural sources. Photovoltaic cell (PV cell) is commonly used as RES. A derived DC-DC improve converter is recommended for reliable RES. An efficient Boost converter (BC) topology is mentioned in this paper for RES. The advantages of this system are lessening EME (Electromagnetic emission), lowest i/p current ripple and speedy temporary reaction. In counseled topology, an auxiliary inductor and a set of identical inductors are utilized to lessen the switching loss and switching pressure of BC linked with PV gadget, used Pulse width modulation technique for hearth the switches. The performance of BC along with PV cell system is analyzed by Matlab/Simulation software.

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The utilization of fly ash in concrete as partial replacement of cement is gaining immense importance today, mainly on account the improvements in the long – term durability of concrete combine with ecological benefits. Technological improvements in thermal power plant operation and fly ash collection system have resulted in improving the consistency of fly ash. In this paper the effect of fly ash on compressive strength is studied. Today, fly ash is used in high-way bridges and has been used on regular basis to produce high performance concrete. High performance concrete can be defined as a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for particular application and environment. Examples of these characteristics are ease of placement, compaction without segregation, early age strength, long-term mechanical properties, permeability, density, heat of hydration long life severe environments. Many concrete mixes are now available to produce high performance concrete for pre-cast. Bridge girders. Most of these mixes have been designed based primarily strength criteria. Durable concrete is usually archived because of low permeability associated with high strength concrete and use of combination of cementitious materials such as fly ash. To carry this project concrete cube were casted. The concrete cubes are placed in water tank for the curing for 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. Concrete cubes were then tested with compression strength test. These tests were conducted to insure the quality of material, to reduce the cost and the important thing is to reduce the parties involved from having the problem at the next stages. These investigation shows that by using fly ash as replacing material with cement is suitable and can be used in construction industries. In these we are using NaoH (Sodium hydroxide) as activator in concrete. It increases strength of concrete. It reduces settling time of concrete.

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An ad-hoc wireless network is a collection of wireless mobile hosts forming a temporary network without the aid of any stand-alone infrastructure or centralized administration. Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are self-organizing and self-configuring multi-hop wireless networks where, the structure of the network changes dynamically. In this research to improve the quality, we have to speed up the packet transmission providing them better security. Here we have to study during packet transmission the preprocessing time, post processing time and transmission speed.

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This paper puts forth the author’s implementation of a concept which will be able to make the correction of creeping wave effect in sensor. The main concept in this paper is regarding the biometric plantar pressure measurements which are frequently applied for lower extremity injury risk. The different conditions viz., orthopedic liners, footwear and/or physiotherapy activities compared under different exhibits of individuals. The use of biosensors are broadly used in this medical era for efficient monitoring even from remote places. The main problem faced in this techniques is the size of the sensors and the frequency at which the device works. In our case, we have used a load cell to determine the diversion in output corresponding to input. We would proceed first by building a mathematical model on creeping followed by digitizing the output using suiting sampler and A/D convertor. In this scenario, after validating the output, we need to minimize the oscillation produced in the output of creeping effect in load cell by an adaptive technique of modulation. The concept tends to belong to a dynamic process for achieving desired creep compensated response in an adaptive technique using load cell as sensor.

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The automatic detection of motion around the robot is possible by using this system. Movable robot is used to perform surveillance task for farm. In the designing of robot it includes several subsystems that are planning subsystem, online video and image transmitter sensing system formed by sensor, controlling system. System measures micro parameter and other parameters. It measures micro parameters that are nitrogen, potassium and phosphate in the soil as well as Humidity, pH, soil moisture, temperature and light intensity. NPK measurement is further useful to improve productivity and finalization of fertilizer combinations proportion of content can be managed in the process of chemical mixing during fertilizer formation .this system reduces the manpower for performing the task like humidity level checking and checking of micronutrient level, temperature level, to perform all these functions on manual basis ,it require more efforts and time, but this system remotely monitor and estimate variations of level of parameters in greenhouse of agriculture. With the help of proposed system reduction of no of required nodes, NPK measurement from pH, measurement and detection of level of moisture, temperature, humidity, pH of the soil is possible these are the main objective of the research development. To make the system more practical some test had been conducted.

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this paper describes Transient Stability Analysis of a 5-bus power system. For transient stability analysis, MiPower, an immensely featured and astonishingly obliging software, is utilized. One of the major challenges in a liberalized power system context is the capability to uphold system stability. The precise significance and paramount necessity of more regular and in-depth power system stability is demonstrated clearly by the recent blackouts in different countries. The bounds of stability and the consistency and competence of the power system, therefore, should be well-known beforehand to the power system engineers as instability occurrences can cause noteworthy damage thriftily [12]. Hence, the investigation and recognition of the stability of power system is the main objective of this paper. MiPower software techniques are used to implement the modeling and simulation of power system and stability issues are studied.

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the radiator is the most important part of C.I engine. Its main function is to cool the coolant circulating in the surrounding of engine body to radiator through pipes. The radiator is one type of heat exchanger and to increase the heat transfer rate of radiator we have to increase its size and more cooling water is required which leads to increase in performance of an engine. Our main aim is to increase the efficiency of radiator by using NANO-FLUID which will help us to increase the heat transfer rate of the radiator without any drastic increment in its size.

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The activity recognition and understanding in video by computer is defined as gaining knowledge about what is going on in video by analyzing the frames of video. The analysis of such kind by computer can be used for human – computer interaction, video monitoring, Identification based on behaviors and patients monitoring system. The main challenges faced for activity recognition are scale variation, occlusion, pause variation, anthropometric variation, execution rate. There are different methods available for each step of recognizing human activity coping with different challenges. The complex activity recognition methods also rely on the performance of primitive action recognition. For recognizing primitive action, the non-hierarchical approach is used. This approach represents the video as Bag of Words (BoW) model. We identify the limitations of this model and propose good practices for enhancing performance of the model.

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Internet of Things is considered as the vital key variable to enhance brilliant city vision. Generally spread gadgets can empower profoundly checking of building and other broadly disseminated arrange. Such data is utilized to enhance vitality improvement in urban areas. Interoperability among fluctuated gadgets is an extremely troublesome undertaking. Later these all IoT gadgets deliver a lot of information that must be gathered to continue encourage into huge information space. A Distributed IOT stage for vitality administration must be intended for i) Enabling interoperability among heterogeneous IoT gadgets and ii) taking care of such tremendous measure of information. In this paper, creator has presented the necessities for building up an IoT stage for keen city. Additionally the creator has portrayed to disseminate IoT stage that is produced to enhance the vitality administration in smart city.

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iON Driving is a standalone application that accurately collects and formats the information. This information can be used for analytics and predictive model generation of trending of risk for any insurance company. The application can be connected to a central administration web application to configure various critical parameters of the iON Driving App. Few critical parameters are Minimum speed, threshold for acceleration and breaking. The central data collection server is a repository of performance data transmitted by the iON Driving application. This app can be used as a “Pay as You Drive (PAYD) insurance product” and can be distributed through a web site branded with the insurers name.

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Natural Computing is the field of research that works with computational techniques that deal with natural inspiration. It attempts to understand the world around us in terms of information processing. Digital image classification techniques group pixels to represent land cover topographies. Land cover could possibly be agricultural, forested, urban, and other types of features. Mapping and classification of ordinary vegetation are foremost issues for biodiversity administration and preservation. Satellite data or remotely sensed data with very high spatial resolution are used for classification and study of vegetation, but generally satellite sensors are incomplete to several spectral bands, which is inadequate to classify and identify some natural vegetation formations. The objective is to show favouritism for natural vegetation and to classify the natural vegetation formations from the highly sensed data or satellite image. There are varieties of known satellite image classification techniques but in proposed work, Hybrid method with the combination of Firefly (FFA) and Cuckoo Search method to achieve the better classification rate is used. From simulation of proposed work, we have observed the value of kappa coefficient to be 0.96. After that, we have compared the obtained results with some previous existing methods like Fuzzy set, BBO, PSO, ABC, CS, hybrid Rough/BBO, hybrid Fuzzy/BBO, Hybrid FPAB/BBO, Hybrid ACO/SOFM, Hybrid ACO/BBO, Hybrid ABC/BBO and Hybrid of CS/ACO. We have implemented the hybrid algorithm with the combination of firefly and cuckoo search technique for satellite image classification of natural vegetation trained features for the betterment of results. The main benefit of hybrid method is to train the datasets of satellite image according to the globally best optimised feature. In the classification step, we can classify the image region according to their bands and detects the natural vegetation.

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Power electronic systems are used widely to convert electric energy from one form to other using electronic devices. Four basic power electronics functions are AC to DC conversion, DC to AC conversion, DC to DC conversion and AC to AC conversion. These basic functions are used to build power supplies, DC transmission systems, electric drives and others. People can no longer afford to be tied down to a fixed power source location when using their equipment’s. Overcoming the obstacle of fixed power has led to the invention of a DC/AC power inverter. Companies, Industries, Organizations, Homes among the others are posed with a major problem of power shortage especially here in India. Although in developing countries, shortage of power is a problem commercially and domestically. Simply stated, our ability to consume power is growing faster than our ability to supply power. Hence, there is need for the alternative source. In this paper, work has been carried out in which solar cell or module is used to power an inverter. This can also be called photovoltaic system, because it consists of solar modules, solar charge controller, 24V DC battery and an inverter. It’s use is far better than generating set because it needs less maintenance, it does not use fuel, it is not heavy, it is rugged, it does not need an alternating current for its charging and it is noiseless.

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Wireless Sensor Networking is one of the most exciting and challenging research domains, WSN's have been widely used in real-time traffic monitoring and military sensing and tracking, however, WSN applications could suffer from threats and hazard. Because of this the user authentication is an important concern to protect data access from unauthorized users. This paper presents a lightweight mutual authentication protocol for WSN applications. The data protection with a low computational cost, and the proposed key encryption function requires simple exclusive-or (X-OR) arithmetic operations. The advantage of this system also allow legitimate users can freely change own passwords and the data leakage can be eliminated.

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The present work focuses on using Marigold flowers (discarded from households after offerings to God) as a biofertilizer for the commonly grown Tulsi plant (Ocimum tenuiflorum). A comparative study was conducted using Pot Experiment. Floral wastes were mixed in the soil of Tulsi plant directly and in powdered form. Untreated Tulsi plant was kept as a control. The chlorophyll content in the leaves of the Tulsi Plant and soil parameters (pH, conductivity, organic matter and NPK values) were calculated for all the three plants during study period of three months. The soil provided with powdered floral wastes showed better plant growth without any side effects as compared to that of the other two plants. This shows that soil with powdered floral wastes improved soil fertility to a large extent and hence acted as a Biofertilizer. Hence, the present work can be used as an ecofriendly and cost effective alternative for use of household generated floral wastes as a biofertilizer for the potted plants at houses itself. This reuse of floral wastes will in turn reduce its discharge in the water bodies and hence will reduce water pollution due to anthropogenic activities to some extent.

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Structural light weight aggregate concrete is an important and versatile material in modern construction. The main objective of using LWAC is normally to reduce cost by reducing the dead load of structures. In this study an attempt has been made to study the mechanical properties of concrete M30 using the light weight aggregate pumice stone and leca aggregate as a partial replacement to coarse aggregate. For this purpose concrete is made by partial replacement of coarse aggregate with different ratio of pumice and leca aggregate with different percentage and thereby achieving the target strength with low density of concrete. The properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength and density are studied by casting cube specimens of size 150mmx150mmx150mm and beam 150mmx150mmx700mm.The results are compared with conventional M30 grade concrete.

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Controlling the home appliances and electronics gadgets through an infrared remote control is now in general. But the same controlling tasks can be done more easily. Primary motive of proposing the new system of hand gesture remote control home automation system is to remove the need to look into the hand held remote and to search for a specific key for specific function. This abstract presents a small introduction to control home appliances through hand gestures are remote control device. The system will refer to as gesture control home automation system. It uses real time image processing for gesture recognition in infrared vision using embedded system and development board, microcontroller based. This abstract proposes a possible solution to control the gadgets for physically challenged and blind people, also for everyone. As we know the technology changing, we must go hand in hand with it, and explore more about it. Gesture recognition solutions can be divided regard to the type of gesture used for controlling a computer. Gesture can be considered as a change of the hand position (hand movement) in a particular time interval with a given velocity or as a change of the hand shape (forming ellipse with thumb and the index finger).Gesture that belong to the first group are typically called dynamic gestures while there from the second group are often referred to as static gesture. Second type of gesture can be a sign or a symbol given to a cell phone, like we have to give an indication of say 1, 2, 3 like that also known as online gesture.

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Ad hoc networks are peer networks of mobile computational nodes. They are well explored in the contexts of sensor networks, habitat monitoring and robotic collaboration. A wireless ad-hoc network is a collection of nodes which are self-organizing and self-administering in nature. All nodes are connected by wireless links and are free to move randomly. Connectify is a wireless network in which each node can directly communicate with other node within the network. Each device (node) can directly communicate with each other. Using ad-hoc, the networks do not need any infrastructure or any access points (Fixed wired points) to work. Ad-hoc nodes from two networks cannot communicate if they are not with same radio range. This paper is based on study of ad-hoc wireless networks and new concept of Connectify in wireless architectures and protocols. This paper provides an overview of both.

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Earlier pacemaker types had only one pacing mode i.e., it can only give pulse in a fixed rate with the certain interval based on the patient’s requirement only in resting. So, it will suppress the patient’s normal life and it also makes the situation worse if the patient faces any emergency. For satisfying all these conditions a pacemaker with different modes of operation for running, jogging, rest & sleeping we have the Multimode Manual Operating Pacemaker (MMOP) with different types of pacing modes which satisfy various demand functions. Here the various activities of patient are detected by an accelerometer sensor. For testing purpose, we use MEMS technology to determine the changes in the heartbeat due to various activities of human and with the help of a closed loop feedback system connected with MEMS. This pacemaker mimics like the SA node that act at the critical situation. With these types of pacemakers, the workload-dependent variation in heart rate is compromised. By adding GSM modem, we can know the current status (working mode, BPM) of the pacemaker.

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Ground water is contaminated due to various human and industrial activities. This is a serious problem. So the analysis of water quality is very important to preserve the eco system. The assessment of the ground water quality was carried out in the different area of Firozabad District, U.P. (India) for the evaluation of the current status of physico-chemical contaminants and their sources in groundwater. Groundwater samples were obtained from seven different sampling stations in Firozabad District. Different parameters were analyzed that are pH, turbidity, TDS, total hardness, sulphate, fluoride, D.O., B.O. and chlorides. The sampling sites showed that the physicochemical parameters were within the water quality standards and the quality of water was found to be fit for drinking purposes.

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the progress of two wheeler for transportation has been intimately integrated with the progress of civilization. The two wheeler of today is the result of the gathering of many years of pioneering research and development. An attempt has been made in this project; the exhaust gas is used to rotate the turbine with blower arrangement. Exhaust gas is used to rotate the blower and this compressed air is given to the ignition input supply. Our fore most aim in selecting this project is to use an efficiency of turbocharging. It is also good with regard to economic considerations, environmental considerations and engine efficiency. The problems such as low horse-power, shutting down of engine, low torque, etc. It is known that the output of horse-power of an engine is enlarged with the rise in amount of air or mixture in the cylinder and turbocharger plays important role in increasing the amount or air. The numbers of two wheelers are increasing day by day. Therefore the pollution is a major problem which we are facing. So, using turbocharged engine we can reduce the pollution by providing more air to engine, makes fuel combustion easier. Thus the turbocharged engines produce approximately up to 50% less NOX and HC emissions than conventional IC engines.

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The paper overviews on idea about work of different researches carried out on building resting on sloping terrains. The result from a previous experiment expressed that the analysis of structure depends on idealization of geometry of structure and its load system. The scope of present work is to analyze behaviour of multi storied building having vertical irregularities which are especially seen in hilly regions. All Analysis were carried out by using finite element software. Previous examination focuses on parameters like story drift, lateral displacement, story shear and axial force in columns, time period variation under both static and dynamic loading. This study summarizes the knowledge in the seismic response of buildings on sloping terrain conditions. It is observed that the seismic behaviour of buildings resting on sloping ground is different from flat ground buildings. Most of the studies agreed that the buildings resting on sloping ground has higher displacement and base shear compared to buildings resting on plain ground. Also, the shorter columns are subjected to heavier forces which undergoes damage when subjected to earthquake. Step back building could seems to be more hazardous during seismic excitation.

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Disc brakes are one of the important components in automobiles. Most of the automobiles are employed with disc brakes since they provide good performance. Now a day the design of conventional disc brake system is common in all the moving vehicles. This conventional disc brake generates more stress and temperature in the contact areas. This influences the performance of the disc brake system, and it control the stresses and temperatures in the disc brakes and it is possible to improve the performance.The main objective of the present Project is to compare the mechanical performance of a conventional disc-brake system with a newly designed perimetral disc-break system using the finite element method. Finite element models of the disc-brakes are created using Pro-E and analysis is carried out by ANSYS. The disc-brakes are simulated under the three different loading conditions i.e., two static and one thermal analysis. The static analysis is performed and the maximum stresses are found at the mounting holes for perimetral disc-brake. The perimetral disc-break shown good performance under the static conditions, with stress approximately close to or lower than those of the conventional disc-brake. For the residual stress simulation, the maximum stress concentration is at the inner piercing holes and found that there is a danger of yielding or crack initiation under repeated residual stresses.

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This method deals with the design of an adaptive power oscillation damping (POD) controller used for a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) which is equipped with energy storage. The adaptive techniques like fuzzy logic controller, PID controller, algorithm, etc., can be used to achieve it which allows a fast, selective, and adaptive estimation of the low-frequency electromechanical oscillations from locally measured signals during power system disturbances. The method employed here is based on variable DC voltage control and constant modulation index based method. This method is effective because it increases the damping of the system not only at the frequencies of interest but also in the case of system parameter uncertainties and at various connection points of the compensator. To make the most effective use of active and reactive power injection at various connection points of the STATCOM, a control strategy will be derived using the simplified model in MATLAB simulink using simpower system toolbox. For implementing it, a small-signal analysis of the dynamic performance of the proposed control strategy will be carried out. The simulation and experimental results are used to verify the effectivity of the proposed control method to provide power oscillation damping despite of the connection point of the device and in the presence of system parameter uncertainties.

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