Reinforced-concrete framed structure in recent time has a special feature i.e. the ground storey is left open for the purpose of social and functional needs like vehicle parking, shops, reception lobbies, a large space for meeting room or a banking hall etc. Such buildings are often called open ground storey buildings or soft story buildings. In this paper the comparative study of soft story building with cases of ‘infill walls in all storeys except ground floor’, ‘infill walls in alternate story’ & ‘bare R.C. frame structure(without infill walls)’. Three different models are considered for comparing different parameters such as story shear, story drift, and story displacement.

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The basic aim of application pesticide to enhanced crop productivity and reduction of pest borne diseases in agriculture areas. But when pesticide released into the environment they degrade and move through the hydrologic system to surface water and ground water which supports aquatic life and related food chain and is also used for drinking water, irrigation, recreation and many more purpose. According to data survey in Rajasthan wide range of issues associated with agrochemicals used to grow crops, vegetable and fruits because of increasing MRL values of pesticide residues. This paper highlights many of the cases where different pesticides have been detected exceeding their respective MRL values. Examples of problems associated with them they can cause diseases like cancer, kidney, endocrine disrupting, and acute poisoning. This shows how easily these harmful substances are available in the market. This review article on pesticide deals with the reports on pollution and toxicity cases throughout Rajasthan.

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To give legitimate administrations in the best, financial and productive way and seeking after creative intends to give lawful administrations to legal counsellors. There are an expanding number of defendants who are compelled to speak to themselves in court. We trust that critical support for unrepresented disputants can be given by the development of electronic legitimate choice emotionally supportive networks. We examine apparatuses we have developed for building online legitimate choice emotionally supportive networks and give cases from the spaces of Family Law and qualification for lawful guide. Most legitimate choice emotionally supportive networks worked for business utilize display.

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India is the largest democratic country where voting and elections are fundamental to any consensus-based society. In India we use the most popular voting system called as an electronic voting system (EVM) for its easy access and less time consuming features. But yet this voting system is not at all efficient and secured one. To reduce these disadvantages, we suggest a new e-voting system which fulfills the security requirements of voting process. For security porpose we use Aadhaar card in this system which is already distributed to all indian citizens by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). Aadhaar is a 12 digit random number which is called as User Identification of Authority of India. In this model the voter authentication can be done by using biometric information (Thumb impression) which is pre-stored at the government database. The significance of adding thumb impression results in exact authencation of voter before casting of vote. The extra feature of this model is that the voter will ensure if his/her vote has gone to correct candidate/party. The main advantage of this system is, it is based on a distributed server approach, which will ultimately add the accuracy of casting of votes and reduce long distance travelling to cast a vote.

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The wear behavior of aluminum matrix composite with Ferro-titanium particles as reinforcement were investigated using a pin-on-disc wear rig under dry sliding conditions. The influence of wear parameters corresponding to applied load (N), sliding speed(S), sliding distance (L) and percentage of reinforcement (%R), on the wear loss were investigated. The specimens were prepared by stir casting technique with volume percentage 8% of Ferro-Titanium. Design of experiments (DOE) based on the Taguchi orthogonal array techniques, were performed to acquire data in controlled way. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were developed to investigate the influence of process parameters on the wear loss of composites. The results showed that the inclusion of Ferro-titanium reinforcements in aluminum matrix composite will increases the wear resistance of the composite significantly. The testing specimens are prepared according to the ASTM G99 standards.

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An active noise control system is one of the best methods used to reduce noise effectively. The Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm is a key parameter is the step size. As is well known if the step size is large, the convergence rate is rapid, but the steady-state Means Square Error (MSE) is increased. On the other hand if the step size is small, the steady state error is small, but the convergence is slow. Thus, the step size provides tradeoff between the convergence rate and steady-state MSE of LMS algorithm. The filtered-X least mean square algorithm has the good convergence speed, low steady state mean square error and low computational complexity features. The Active Noise Control (ANC) uses a primary input containing the corrupted signal and a reference input containing noise correlated in some unknown way with primary noise. ANC system noise reduction rate and convergence rate are improved dynamically than the FxLMS fixed step size methods. In this paper LMS algorithm use to reduce a noise level in noise source with novel convergence speed using fixed step size. A simulation carried out for noise reduction using MATLAB.

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The hydraulically operated drum lifter cum tilter is mobile on three wheels, two of which are steering type. All wheels are provided with double ball bearings with dust covers. This drum lifter is composed of hydraulic system, mainframe, drum holding device, gearbox and lifter. The drum lifter lifts drums with manual hydraulic jack and equipped with return valve and foot pedal to control drum carriage lowering rate and ensure the hydraulic action accurate and reliably. Chain drive is provided to rotate the drum. After lifting the drum hydraulically the drum can be rotated up to 360° by turning the handle. To grip the drum safely and properly two heavy duty holding devices are provided which grip the drum from top as well as from bottom. This is the ultimate solution for quick, safe and fast drum handling in warehouses and plants. A drum lifter can transport large, heavy drums in upright positions, sometimes called drum-roll lifters; they can lift empty mix & transport drums. Drum lifters are excellent addition to any workplace that uses large drums; they are good tools for lifting, moving and storing heavy drums.

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The motive of Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is one of the major environmental problems of Indian cities. Improper management of municipal solid waste (MSW) causes hazards to inhabitants. Various studies reveal that about 90% of MSW is disposed of unscientifically in open dumps and landfills, creating problems to public health and the environment. In the present study, an attempt has been made to provide a comprehensive review of the characteristics, generation, collection and transportation, disposal and treatment technologies of MSW practiced in India. The study pertaining to MSWM for Indian cities has been carried out to evaluate the current status and identify the major problems. Various adopted treatment technologies for MSW are critically reviewed, along with their advantages and limitations. The study is concluded with a few fruitful suggestions, which may be beneficial to encourage the competent authorities/ researchers to work towards further improvement of the present system.

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Vision is one of the basic needs of a human being it is really difficult for a person to survive without vision. But some people in this world still survive facing this unfortunate situation due to many reasons. The visually impaired have to face many challenges in their daily life. Basic requirement to lead their life is walking stick. This walking stick is their only method or technique used by them. The aim of this paper is to bring a solution for the troubles faced by them. Ultrasonic sensors are used in the walking stick to find the distance of the obstacles around the blind person and to guide the user towards the available path. Even though thisis not a permanent solution. But will be a great help to their livelihood. This would act like a navigation system for them. The output used here are the beep sounds produced by the buzzer varying according to different sensors output. The visually impaired person could themselves find their way and be independent in life. This system is a low cost and efficient tool for them.

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The development of project is investigation of electroless composite coating on high speed steel drilling tool with help of an optimizing process parameter. For purpose of increasing hardness, wear resistance, surface lubricity, oxidation temperature and tool life. Nickel-Phosphorous-Titanium nitride (Ni-P-TiN) is coated by electroless coating technique. Normally high expensive CVD and PVD coating techniques are used for tool coating. But in our project for the first time less expensive electroless coating technique is used. A comprehensive experimental study of electroless composite coating on high speed steel drilling tool under specific condition for studied. Electroless coating is an autocatalytic coating process in which the metal to be coated undergoes catalytic reaction and deposit over the substrate. The coating bath consists of different concentrations on Nickel-Phosphorous-Titanium (20g/1). And then sodium hypo-phosphite (23g/1) as reducing agent, sodium acetate (13g/1) as stabilizer and ammonium hydrogen difluroide (7g/1) as the complexing agent. The surfactant SLS (1.2g/1) was added into solution before coating deposition. The stabilizer thiourea (1ppm) was added into the bath to make the reaction stable. The output parameters such as surface roughness, microhardness, optical was measured. . Surface morphology was studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the proposed methods resulted in significant improvement on the quality of the coating produced.

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This study is to investigate the variation of the engine performance and exhaust emission of a single cylinder spark ignition engine. An engine running with gasoline, ethanol and ethanol gasoline blends E5, E10, E20, E40, E60, and E80. Effects of engine speeds between 4000 to 8000 rpm with intervals of the 1000 rpm at full throttle, on the engine performance and the emission characteristics are investigated. For the ethanol content in the blend up to 40% power, torque, BMEP increased due to better combustion but for more than 40% it reduced due to lower heat content of the ethanol, for all blends BSFC, CO2 increased and CO and HC reduced.

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Understanding the consumer behavior is the prime and toughest task in front of every marketer. Consumer’s behavior towards FMCGs is affected by various internal and external factors. Identifying these factors enable a marketer to formulate appropriate strategy for effective penetration of targeted segment. The objective of modern marketing is to make profit along with delighting the consumer by satisfying their needs and preferences. This study aims to get insights about the consumer behavior. Consumption pattern consisting of the brand usage pattern, purchasing pattern, spending pattern, of rural consumer of Doaba region (Punjab) towards bathing soap and personal care products was examined. The first objective of the study was to study the present brand ownership of bathing soap and consumption pattern of selected FMCGs. The second objective of study was to evaluate the present level of satisfaction towards product specific attributes of bathing soap and to study product attribute preferences of bathing soap. Next objective was to examine various factors influencing the purchase decision of rural consumer. For the purpose of study, a sample of 190 respondents, 95 each from 2 districts Jalandhar and Kapurthala of Doaba region was taken using non-probability (convenience) sampling technique. The sample was taken from 95 respondents of 14 different villages of district Jalandhar and 95 respondents from 11 different villages of Kapurthala of Doaba regions (Punjab). Information was collected from the respondent by interviewing through structured questionnaire. The method of scaling was used to evaluate the present level of satisfaction. The data was arranged in crossed tables for the better understanding of the relationship between different variables. Chi square test was used comprehensively for analyzing association among various parameters. One sample z test (two tailed) was used to assess the satisfaction level of consumer towards bathing soap use. The socio economic profile of the consumer consisting of income level, occupational background, education level, age is the main determinant of consumption patterns of bathing soap and personal care products. From the study, it was found that majority of respondents are using Godrej No. 1 brand which is one of the low priced and easily available brand, followed by Dettol, Lux and Lifebuoy. It was found that majority of consumers are weekly buyers. Most of the respondents prefer local shopping centers to purchase the goods. Medium size packing of bathing soap (50-100g) is preferred by a large number of respondents constitutes 68.9% of respondents. Spending pattern of personal care products suggests that majority of respondents (43.2%) are spending between Rs 500-1000 monthly on personal care products which is followed by 35.8% of consumers who spend below Rs.500 on personal care products. The second objective of study was to evaluate the present level of satisfaction towards product attributes and general attributes of bathing soap, namely quality of product, size of product, fragrance, performance of product, packing of product, durability of product, scientific feature of product, price of product, foaming, availability of product, range of product, regality of supply, and proximity of retail shop. To analyze the result of satisfaction level, following null hypothesis was framed Null Hypothesis (Ho) = Product specific attributes of bathing soap are same across respondents. From Z-test, we obtained P value of .000 for all the product related attribute and general attribute which is 0.000 and the level of significance is 0.05 which exceeds the P Value, thereby, rejected the null hypothesis and found Product specific attributes are not same across respondents. This represents about their brand attachment and brand loyalty towards present using brand. It was found that these variables significantly influence the purchase behavior of respondents in terms of satisfaction. The third objective was to examine the various factors affecting the purchase decision of rural consumer. By taking the opinion of respondents by survey it was found that TV advertising is influencing most of the consumers since a majority of respondents spend more hours watching TV per day in comparison to other media. Family buying decision is also of a greater importance, since most of the consumers are influenced by family to purchase a brand. Advertising is another important factor affecting the purchase decision of brand followed by doctor advice and self-decision of respondents to purchase. It was also found that price is most important factor while making the purchase decision of bathing soap. Other factors such as fragrance of the product, easy availability of product, durability of product and packaging is also considered by the consumers.

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Service oriented architecture (SOA) is one of the most recent software architectures. This architecture is made in heading of the business prerequisites and expelled the hole amongst softwares and businesses. The software testing is the increasing expense of exercises in development software. SOA has diverse details and elements extent of the other software architectures. To begin with this paper surveys SOA testing challenges and existing solution(s) for those difficulties. At that point that reports a review of late research to SOA systems testing, that spreads both practical and non-utilitarian testing. Those are introduced for various levels of useful testing, including unit, coordination, and relapse testing.

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In this paper a comparative study is presented for the existing Optical code division multiple access code technique. The code selected for comparison are the MDW, MQC , DW,RD Code, m-sequence, bipolar m-sequence and MS code. The analysis is performed for variation in number of users, received power, data bit rate and their effect on bit error rate (BER). The comparative study is also performed for various detection techniques such as subtraction, AND detection and NAND direct detection method.

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This paper represents the concept of phonetic matching and its advantages over speech to text conversion and keyword spotting technique. Phonetic matching is string matching technique that matches the string based on the pronunciation of words. There are several algorithms that have been developed for phonetic matching. Our aim is to present the advantages of phonetic matching algorithms over speech to text conversion and Keyword Spotting technique.

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The use of fiber for the reinforcement of composites has increased during the last several years. The increasing cost of constructions a matter of concern. Hence the concrete technologist is researching on alternative materials in the construction area. This experimental study investigates about comparison and evolution of modified concrete of M 25 grade of concrete was produced by adding steel, polypropylene and coir (Coconut) fibers are used. The compressive strength of concrete was studied. The specimen was reinforced with steel fiber of Aspect ratio 200 with varying percentage of fiber (0-4%) and monofilament polypropylene fibers with Aspect ratio 200 and the length of 10 mm at varying amount of fibers0-4%.Similarly coir fiber of aspect ratio 200 of 0-4% by weight concrete. Compressive strength of concrete is increases with the increase in fiber content but the optimum dosage was found to be 1% to 1.5%as further increases of fiber contents leads to decreases in the concrete strengths for all fibers. The study concluded that the use of 1% of fiber of steel, 1.2% of polypropylene coir of 1.5% improve compressive strength. Further more research is required to strength the bond between cement paste and the fiber, which can enhance the strength of concrete and also results showed that coir Fiber concrete can be used in reinforced concrete construction. Its utilization is eco-friendly.

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