Wear is defined as the progressive loss of substance from the surfaces of the solid body caused by the mechanical action like contact or relative motion between the bodies. The debris method currently used to quantify wear produces results strongly dependent on conditions. This test explains the wear characteristics under various coated methods, Adhesion and other mechanical behaviour of coatings at present routinely tested in industry and research organizations using the wear test. Where a simple procedure was conducted on pin-on-disc experiment to stimulate the industrial wear problems. Various coating methods where done on the 0.18% low carbon steel and the wear test was done under normal load, and sliding speed. After the wear test studying the friction force of the wear and volume loss in the wear is studied .Wear analysis is characterized by the SEM (scanning electron microscope), Surface roughness test was also carried out for coated and uncoated material and stimulate in ANSYS for contact stress analysis and validate the results.

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this article comparative CFD analysis between a wavy channel and straight channel has been presented. For this purpose a two dimensional model of straight and wavy has been developed by using ANSYS geometrical module. The flow analysis has carried out in ANSYS Fluent where the governing equations have been solved by ANSYS Fluent module. The hydrodynamic characteristics of both wavy and straight channel have been examined and the purpose of using wavy channel in industrial application has been discussed in detailed. The obtained finite volume results have been validated with the result of published data and the results show good convergence. During comparison of hydrodynamic characteristic’s wide range of Reynolds number has been considered i.e. from laminar to highly turbulent.

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In this paper, using computer programming C language, we determine the Pythagoras octagon for any seven natural numbers p, q, r, s, t, u, v and this Pythagoras octagon satisfies the extension of the Pythagoras theorem i.e the sum of the squares of the first seven side lengths is equal to the sum of the square of the remaining side length.

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For almost two decades, the web has changed the world and revolutionized how information is stored, published, searched and consumed. The ripple effect has spread so wide that it impacts not just businesses and industries but crosses over into politics, medicine, media and breaches geographical locations, cultural boundaries and ultimately, affects people’s day to day lives. What makes social media of particular interest to journalism is how it has become influential as a communication and news-breaking tool. In the past decades, journalists in the Western World have benefited from the tremendous growth in information communication technologies – ICTs – and in the last ten years the ICTs have also penetrated the developing world and have made available computers, Internet access, and mobile technology. This proposed application mainly concentrates on implementing a platform to post live and important news by the public which leads to instant news and to develop a less investment application for the welfare of the society and save the life’s of the people in danger.

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The proposed system focus on a smart irrigation system which is cost effective and farmers can use it in their farm field. Automation not only allows us to control appliances automatic control but also provide comfort and reduces energy, efficiency and time saving. In last few years, the remotely monitored embedded system which is used for irrigation purposes have become a new necessity for farmer to save his energy, time and money. So here we design a protocol for smart irrigation technology in low cost which is usable by farmers and implementable in farm. This system controls the water motor remotely and checks the status of the farm through various sensors like soil moisture, water level indicator. The main objective is to apply the system for maintaining the quality of the soil and hence the health of the plant through multiple sensors and save electricity. Finally the sensed information of the farm field is displayed on the android app of the user. This approach provides real-time information about the lands and crops which is useful for farmers to make right decisions. By using the basic principles of WSN and the internet of things (IOT) technology is explained in detail especially on the hardware architecture, network architecture and the software process control of the precision irrigation system. The microcontroller monitors data from the sensors and activates the control devices based on threshold value. This project is proposing a complete agricultural solution for the farmer based on Wireless network.

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In this module we will be interfacing 3 sensors with the microcontroller which will be used to distinguish distinctive conditions and send messages in like way. At first the sensors are to be definitely interfaced with RL75 controller. RL78 is 8051 scaled down scale controller family which has many preferences determined in depiction starting at now. The item ventures are dumped into the controller and certain edge purposes of restriction will be set by which the yield is considered. Microcontrollers are so poor and effortlessly accessible that it is commonplace to utilize them instead of clear technique for thinking circuits like counters for the sole motivation driving growing some chart adaptability and sparing some space. Two or three machines and robots will even depend on upon incalculable, every one concentrated on a specific errand. Most recent microcontrollers are "In System Programmable", suggesting that you can modify the program being executed, without ousting the microcontroller from its place.

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This wander presents a successful wise develop system. It achieved diverse parts of movement for robotization. Indicate industry is logically moving towards computerization. Two rule fragments of today's mechanical computerizations are programmable controllers and robots. To help tedious work and serve humankind, today there is a run of the mill design in the change of sharp operations. Another arrangement for animal fenced in ranges is progressed to upgrade the living conditions of trained creatures, and moreover decrease troublesome work. The structure is secured by safe guarding the modernized secure mystery word animal prosperity their inner parts. The auto gateways can be used to energize the drawing nearer and dynamic tamed creatures. Fire locators are fused to check fire dangers which if not distinguished on time could incite loss of trained creatures and gainful resources. The power organization structure offered animals to sustenance supplies and diminished human work at the same time.

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The present study was to analyze the biochemical composition of earthworm species Pheretima posthuma. This study provides information for formulation of fish and animal feed by incorporating these non-conventional animals like earthworm which helps nutritionist and fish farmers. Biochemical studies was carried out to estimate the content of protein, glucose and cholesterol in the earthworm paste. For this analysis the earthworm, Pheretima posthuma species were collected from various places like Ambazari lake bank side, Bhandewadi dump yard Nagpur, Maharashtra, India were acclimated to the laboratory condition for few days. Pheretima posthuma is the local species of the earthworm commonly found in India. For the study of biochemical analysis of protein, glycogen and cholesterol, earthworms were collected in monsoon period between the month of August and September 2016 and artificially vermiculture in laboratory and prepare the stock culture, in Department of Zoology Kamla Nehru Mahavidyalaya Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

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The continuously increasing imbalance between the energy demand and supply together with increasing cost of the conventional energy resources as well as the growing environmental pollution are forcing the people to invent new methods either to reduce energy demands or to find alternate energy resources for the cooking purposes. A hybrid solar cooker with oil as heat storage medium is designed and fabricated. Engine oil with high thermal conductivity is chosen as the sensible heat storage medium for the fabricated solar cooker. The system has two cook tops and two cook tops are used during day time and the parabolic dish collector is used for heating the oil in the receiver tank placed at the focus point of the dish. The primary cook top is placed under the oil receiver tank and the food is cooked by the concentrated solar energy falling on it. The oil circulation is done automatically using a 12 V reciprocating pump. The circulation starts when the oil at the receiver reaches to 700C. The pump can be worked in manual and automatic mode. The heat which left after cooking is transferred to the oil in the storage tank through the copper pipe. Here the copper pipe acts as a heat exchanger. The stored thermal energy in the oil is used for evening cooking purposes. A DC heater plug which is charged by a DC battery is used to heat the coil during night times and also when there is less solar radiation. Thus the cooker can cook food during day and night without any interruption. The energy stored sensible hybrid solar cooker is cost effective and is portable to use.

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The skyline of mechanization instruments is continually extending in every one of the circles of designing and innovation. The slicer control framework intended for creation plants to produce fold circles was examined utilizing programmable rationale controller (PLC) and servo. Adaptability and simplicity of operation is the thing that makes it stand separated from the rest. Aviation applications is a segment where lies a ton of chances for the computerization to assume control from the human endeavors. PLC framework has been for the most part created to accomplish the programmed folds cutting and setting. It is executed by a PLC, a human-machine interface (HMI) a position module, and sensor, and also servo intensifiers and engines. The arrival and taking-off of an air ship are the two basic periods of starting and consummation of a flight and human blunders amid these have created a great deal of cataclysmic mischances. Human intercession is a parameter which is exceptionally unusual and there can be no trade off with these human blunders as it influences the travelers' security.

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Moringa oleifera commonly known as drumstick tree or horseradish tree. It can withstand both severe drought and mild frost condition hence widely cultivated across the world. Due to its high nutritive value it is used for either nutritional or commercial purpose. Its leaves are rich in vitamins minerals and other essential phytochemicals and also used to treat malnutrition. It has potential antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic properties. Its seeds are natural anti-coagulant. This review explores the beneficial, nutritive and therapeutic potential of this “miracle tree”.

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If the huge progression for the electronic commerce skill and advances in the communication networks. Credit card fraud detection is sprinkling all over the worldwide for succeeding in huge economic losses. In the machine learning Credit Card Fraud detection has been an interesting matter. Nowadays, the main reasons of expectant financial losses are credit card fraud detection that affect not only wholesalers but also separate customers. Due to huge promotion in credit card dealings that is the credit card fraud detection has convert more and more widespread in current centuries. Grouping model, Decision tree, frequent pattern Genetic algorithm (FPGA) are the proposed approaches to notice credit card fraud detection. In the presented system for the data mining technology, organization models that is founded on decision trees and FPGA are functional on credit card fraud detection problematic. In the operation of this method in credit card fraud detection systems, financial losses due to fake dealings can be reduced more.

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In recent years, the applications of the wireless sensors networks (WSN) have increased tremendously due to its huge potential of connecting the physical world and the virtual world. It is a trend to deploy large number of wireless portable sensors in the WSNs to have an increased quality of service (QoS). The QoS of WSNs is hugely affected by the failure of the sensor nodes. The portability of failures in sensor nodes is directly proportional to increase in the number of sensors. In order to keep up better QoS under failure conditions, identifying and removing such faults are important. In the proposed method, the faulty sensor nodes are detected by calculating the round trip delay (RTD) time of different round trip paths and comparing them with the threshold value and also some assumptions are made for the node to be faulty. Rerouting is performed using DFS and BFS algorithm. The scalability of this method is checked by simulating the WSNs with a large number of sensor nodes in Network Simulator 3 (ns-3).

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With advancement of automation technology, life is getting simpler in all aspects. Rapid growth in the number of users of internet over the past decade has made internet a part of life and IoT is the latest internet technology. Internet of Things (loT) is extension of current internet to provide communication, connection, and internetworking between various devices or physical objects also known as "Things". A general concept for the ability of network devices to sense and collect data from the world around us, and then share that data across the Internet where it can be processed and utilized for various interesting purposes is termed as IoT. It comprises of smart machines interacting and communicating with other objects, environments, machines and infrastructures. Proper irrigation management is crucial for prime yields and to avoid stress from excess or inadequacy of water. In every current post, we have a tendency to cite some of our favorite commercial IoT applications. And today, we wish to focus on some of the most compelling IoT applications in every other enterprise--Agriculture.

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Around the modern day age group, all the know-how are innovative plus it provides to build, seize not to mention retail outlet information are enhanced enormously. Computer data is regarded as priceless advantage, especially in budgetary industries. Internet on this advantage is generally re-evaluated not until the corporation can herb all the priceless expertise concealed within live data. A surge in the huge sound of internet data implementing within regular business not to mention with several other bodily and mental solutions, forces it sectors to make know-how like information mining to remodel expertise coming from data. Computer data mining systems provides the premises to view the appropriate info from the appropriate time coming from big sizes connected with live data. Consumer banking sectors undertake the results mining know-how in numerous locations especially in user segmentation not to mention profits, Prophecy for Prices/Values of expenditure products, revenue current market internet business, deceitful procedure detections, chances estimations, go delinquent prognostication for pricing. Sanctioned priceless program which in turn detects essentially invaluable info coming from large amount of information, from which institution can acquire a crystal clear edge over her competitors. This study exhibits the value of information mining know-how and it is rewards from the bank not to mention budgetary market sectors.

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In civil engineering structure seismic design of multi-storey building requires both static and dynamic analysis are perform. Static analysis is performed for regular buildings upto 90m height in zone II & III. Dynamic analysis is performed for both regular and irregular buildings in zone IV & V. Dynamic analysis is eighter performed by the “Time History Method” or “Response Spectrum Method”. The weakness arises due to discontinuity in mass, stiffness and geometry of structure. Mass irregularity shall be considered to exist where the weight of any storey is more than 200% of that of its adjacent storeys. There is necessary to construct a structure which is earthquake resistance at a particular level of intensity of shaking a structure. Indian standard codes are used for design of various building elements or members. These elements are designed by using software STAAD Pro. And consider seismic load and wind load. For load combination use code IS 1893:2002. The project consists of G+10 buildings with same plan. Irregular building (T-shape) is compared in all four zones. All these buildings are designed with same height and plan with their respective ideas. The designing has been carried out in STAAD.Pro software (software that deals with analysing and designing of structures. The modelling and graphics of this software is more clear and perfect and easy to understand). All the G+10 building structure and modelled analysed and then designed for all four zones. Results are compared with respect to all zones. The base shear force, volume of concrete, weight of steel and cost effectiveness have been calculated to depict all the differences in structure behaviour when analysed in all four zones in STAAD.Pro software.

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Visible light communication (VLC) is becoming an alternative choice for next-generation wireless technology by offering low cost, unregulated bandwidth and ubiquitous infrastructures support. This technology is envisioned to be used in a wide range of applications both indoor as well as outdoor. Visible Light Communication (VLC) uses light emitting diodes (LEDs), for the dual role of illumination and data transmission. With this leading edge technology, data including video and audio, internet traffic etc. can be transmitted at high speeds using LED light. Using LEDs is helping to drive this technology in the form of Visible Light Communication (VLC). By enabling wireless communication among vehicles and also with the traffic infrastructure, the safety and efficiency of the transportation can be substantially increased. Considering the numerous advantages of the VLC technology encouraged the study of its appropriateness for the envisioned automotive applications, as an alternative and/or a complement for the traditional radio frequency based communications. In order to conduct this research, a low-cost VLC system for automotive application was developed. The proposed system aims to ensure a highly robust communication between a LED-based VLC emitter and an on-vehicle VLC receiver.

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Injection moulding is one of the most widely used production processes for mass production of plastic parts. The main objective of this project is to study, design and manufacture component using Plastic injection moulding technique. PTC CREO 3.0 is used to design the die and component. The die is made of OHNS material while the component manufactured is of NYLON-6 material. This paper shows complete study of Plastic injection Moulding for Nylon Bush along with Die design study and simulation.

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High rise building are analysed for different shapes i.e. rectangular, circular, Hexagonal and pentagon for different levels. Experimental study involves to explore the shape effect of (G+20) building against the wind load using wind rose diagram and design software STADD pro for RCC as well as for Steel Frames and the load calculations are done on the basis of FEM analysis. Therefore, in order to mitigate such an excitation and to improve the performance of tall buildings against wind loads and earthquake loads, many researches and studies have been performed. Early integration of aerodynamic shaping, and structural system selections play a major role in the architectural design of a tall building in order to mitigate the building response to the wind excitations.

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Calophyllum inophyllum L. belongs to the family Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) and plant parts have various medicinal uses. It was reported with therapeutic activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antiviral etc. In the present investigation, we analysed the phytochemicals of Benzene, Diethyl ether, Distilled water and Ethyl acetate extracts of C. inophyllum L. The results revealed that ten bioactive constituents such as alkaloids, amino acid, carbohydrates, fats, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, protein, sterols, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids were observed in the plant extracts. The present study provides evidence that leaf extracts of C. inophyllum L. contains various primary and secondary metabolites and this justifies the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases.

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India has taken the swing growth in last few years in electronic-commerce. There are many people who made a good business through e-commerce. Understanding the market requirement, new technology and various types of features is very important for making a success business in Indian market through electronic commerce. Indian Industries have taken aggressive participation for online business. Every company is making their place online by placing their websites, stores, blog sites, stream line videos, etc. Electronic ecommerce have become the major place for business growth. This paper describes about the current business strategies, employment growth and new technology emerge in online industry. In this paper we found that role of internet user to make a growth of Indian market.

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The paper work is about the project that we are proposing to automate the process of cleaning the dairy farm with the press of a button. The fundamental reason as to why the concept has been chosen is the cost of the labor that is required to maintain the hygiene and the cleanliness of the cow shed. Places which are deep inside the rural belt also face the acute problem of labor shortage. The proposed model consists of a pair of guide ways which is a primary load carrying member. The rack and pinion mechanism helps in the movement of machine apparatuses along the length of the scaled down frame. Here the electric DC motor is mounted with a gear on top which drives the machine along the rack. The movement along the length of the cow shed is considered as x axis. Similarly the height of the apparatus is considered as Y axis. There are two support guide ways mounted to the bottom of the main frame machine. The brush assembly is made to move along the two guide ways with the help of a screw rod and gear drive mechanism. The screw rod set up is coupled to a controllable DC motor, where the motion of the motor can be controlled by the output of the limit switch.

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Customer is the king of any kind of business. He is the driver to introduce new technology to the market. The present research helps to find out an Effective strategies in driving customer satisfaction in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant. The study on customer satisfaction can help business learn which customers produce the most profit, not just the most revenue. The study will also help the organization to find out the key customer and the key areas of operation. This analysis will help the organization for better understanding and intelligent management of customers. The analysis also helps increase retention of existing consumers. The study help the enterprise to enable its marketing department to identify and target their best customer and to manage marketing campaign with clear goal and objectives, and to generate quality leads for the sales team.

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Concrete is the predominate material used in the structural engineering stream. Concrete is widely adopted in huge structures (commonly used in buildings).It is known for its durability, ductility and resistance towards the external loads. If water droplets enter into the concrete structure due to lack of permeability then it can damage the steel reinforcement present in the concrete member .when this phenomenon occurs, the strength of the concrete decreases and which results in the decay of structure. To prevent these phenomenon bacteria was introduce in concrete. Now a day’s calcium lactate powder has been used along with bacteria in concrete which results in the formations of calcium carbonate crystals. These crystals look like precipitate chain which locks the minute cracks and also the pores in the concrete. Cracks are the major reason for the reduction of strength and permeability in the concrete. Therefore a novel technique has been developed by using a selective microbial plugging process, in which microbial metabolic activities promote calcium carbonate (cacite) precipitation, this technique is referred as microbiologically enhanced crack remediation . In this technique bacillus subtil us bacteria are used hence the concrete is called bacterial concrete. The percentages of bacteria selected for the study are 3.5% and 5% by weight of cement in addition , calcium lactate was used at 5% and 10% replacement of cement by weigh .test conducted as compresive strength. The following conclusions are reported from the experimental work carried out and from the results obtained from compressive strength and self healing capacities of casted specimens. The optimum compressive strength of bacterial concrete is obtained at 15gm of bacteria and 5% of calcium lactate. It is observed that the compressive strength of bacterial concrete is more than that of the conventional concrete. By using the bacteria we can decreases the maintenance cost of construction and helps in self healing. The total cost of the project is increased at the stage of construction and after that there is a decrease in the maintenance cost.

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In the recent time there has been an increase in the cases of carpal tunnel syndrome. People have stereotype thinking that it is ageing process. But it is mainly due to malfunctioning of the carpal region to be more precise median nerve malfunctioning. This paper will provide whole information about the carpal region of wrist including bones, tendons, structure of carpal tunnel and how carpal tunnel syndrome develops with the use of a walking cane. This study corroborates the carpal tunnel syndrome and its causes, symptoms, and risk factors. This paper will help understanding the problem and design handles and other equipments to reduce the chances of carpal tunnel syndrome.

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