Diabetic eye screening is a key part of diabetes care. People with diabetes are at risk of damage from diabetic retinopathy, a condition that can lead to sight loss if it is not treated. It occurs when diabetes affects small blood vessels, damaging the part of the eye called the retina. When the blood vessels in the central area of the retina (the macula) are affected, it’s known as diabetic retinopathy. This project presents a method for detection and classification of exudates in colored retinal images. It eliminates the replication exudates region by removing the optic disc region. Several image processing techniques including Image Enhancement, Segmentation, Classification, and registration has been developed for the early detection of DR on the basis of features such as blood vessels, exudes, haemorrhages and micro aneurysms. This project presents a review of latest work on the use of image processing techniques for DR feature detection.

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Tamarindus indica var. rhodocarpa (red tamarind) unripe fruits extract was subjected to GC/MS/MS analysis and identified 45 bioactive components by matching mass spectra with mass spectrum libraries. The major compounds present were 7, 9-ditert-butyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione (77.22%) and Caryophyllene (16.01%). The former compound found to have antioxidant activity while the later reported to have antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Among the identified compounds most of the compounds were reported to have antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant activity. Profiling these phytochemicals may widen the industrial application of this fruit.

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Enhancement of heat transfer rate is important factor in order to improve performance solar air heater. This enhancement is possible by means of incorporating artificial roughness. The effect of artificial roughness is studied using CFD. The analysis software used is ANSYS CFX. Artificial roughness is used in one side wall of solar air heater absorber plate to break laminar boundary sub layer. It enhances rate of heat transfer from the absorber plate to flow of air stream. The artificial roughness is varied with different (P/E) ratio at various Reynolds number. Outlet temperature, heat transfer rate and Nusselt number is computed.

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Data mining is a significant part of knowledge discovery process that could analyze a huge set of knowledge and get concealed and helpful knowledge. Numerous methods of Knowledge Mining have now been useful for classification of the scientific program. The segmentation of the scientific applications will undoubtedly be considered as a classification issue and examined using different state-of-the artwork methods i.e. J48, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Decision tree mining algorithms. The objective of this paper is to proposed Hybrid approach which is an integration of two techniques i.e. an artificial bee colony based J48 classification technique that provides better and accurate results in the classification of super-marketing. ABC is used to search the best solution with two best values named local best and global best by using iteration with initial velocity and positions. The experimental results brings about the proposed technique that clearly shown the fact that proposed technique outperforms over the existing methods.

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Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a progressing new innovation comparable as specially appointed system, remote system and cell innovation to accomplish between vehicle communications and vehicle to framework communication and enhance street activity security and effectiveness. VANETs are not the same as different sorts of specially appointed systems by their half breed arrange models, vehicle node development attributes, and new application situations for wellbeing reason. In this way, VANETs is a one of a kind systems administration explore challenges, and the outline of an effective routing protocol for VANETs is extremely vital. In this article, we examine the examination test of various routing protocol in VANETs and thought about all routing protocols and recognize productive routing protocol for VANETs. Vehicular impromptu systems have as of late pulled in awesome enthusiasm for the exploration group, and solid information transmission and system network has turned into a critical issue.

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A new approach is proposed to distinguish the disease of skin from thermal camera imaging. The thermal camera captures the temperature distribution of skin and is employed in various medical applications. The method is based on the disease detection with self- organized neural network and features of the disease image. As the thermal images are more affecting with noise, so in this paper we present an algorithm to remove the noise present in the image. In thermal camera imaging, the selection of filter depends on the purpose of the processing, e.g. edge detection or detection of objects in complex images. Noise filter processes are proceeding in two steps. First detect the noise of the thermal image and second detecting only the noise affected point of the image and use noise removal technique for noise separation from thermal image. In this paper we are using Fast Median Base Filter to detect noisy pixels. This process is fast as compare to normal filter. The performance of filter was evaluated using peak signal to noise ratio and mean absolute error. The noise free image goes through segmentation and feature extraction. The experimental image, features data compare with the existing data base collection and shown the final result.

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Nowadays its highly impossible to find the proof for the fact that natural phenomena of giving birth to a child and growing up. Let it be, with the development of the advanced technology in medicine with specialization of the monitoring it has been a gradual development especially in case of new born babies and infants. So monitoring needs sensing units to show the parameters required to analyse the condition of infants, so it is proposed that wearable sensing units with 24*7 monitoring will be the responsible development in the field of monitoring. A lucid technology is provided for the efficient and accurate calculation of heart beat, temperature and may be the breathing level of the infants to be monitored. A legal authorization should be provided for the systems introduced in the field of hospitality which has embedded based technology as a working media.

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Present work has carried out a methodology to design a radial gate with a high strength low alloy steel to analyze its strength and deformation using Ansys software. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of high strength low alloy steel static analysis is performed on these steel spillway gate using FEA. The Total deformation, Von misses stresses were found for these materials of spillway gate and compare their graphical representation. When partial gate openings, hydrostatic balance is broken and pressure falls on gate reduces and flow velocities increases. According to Bernoulli's principle as the speed of fluids increases, at the same time with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy occurs.

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Data analysis techniques that is Association rule mining and Frequent item set mining are two widely used for various applications. The traditional system focused separately on vertically partitioned database and horizontally partitioned databases on the basis of this introducing a system which focus on both horizontally and vertically partitioned databases collaboratively with privacy-preserving mechanism. Data owners need to know the frequent item sets or association rules from a collective data set and disclose or reveal as few information about their unprocessed data as possible to other data owners and third parties. To guarantee data privacy a Symmetric Encryption Technique is used to get better result. Cloud aided frequent item set mining solution used to demonstrate an association rule mining solution. The resultant solutions are designed for outsourced databases that permit various data owners to efficiently share their data securely without compromising on data privacy. Data security is one of the key processes in outsourcing data to various outside users. Traditionally Fast Distribution Mining algorithm was proposed for securing distributed data. This work addresses a problem by secure association rules over partitioned data in both horizontal and vertical. A Frequent item sets algorithm and Distributed association rule mining algorithm is utilized for doing above procedure effectively in partitioned data, which includes services of the data in outsourcing process for distributed databases. This work maintains efficient security over vertical and horizontal view of representation in secure mining applications.

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The copper nano particles are diffused on the St-42 steel in the microwave oven. The copper particles are prepared as precipitates of chemical reactions. Simple fixture is developed for sintering of particles and diffused on to the super finished steel substrate. The mechanical properties are studied and indicate the use of such surface useful for the tribological applications.

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Water is essential to all forms of life and makes up 50-96 % of the weight of all plants and animals. In recent years pollution of aquatic environment by heavy metals has increased. The continuous mixing of industrial effluents containing heavy metals discharged to the natural resources, deposits toxic compounds in natural water. Due to their potential toxic effect and ability to bioaccumilate, it is very difficult to remove them from wastewater stream. Electroplating industry is one of the potential source of heavy metal containing waste water. Even though conventional processes were witnessed for the treatment of this wastewater it still contains rational concentration of heavy metals so it is very necessary to affix supplementary treatment processes. The removal of Cu and Cd was investigated by using hatchery residual biosorbent. The effects of contact time, HRB dosage concentration and pH for the electroplating industry effluent was studied at lab scale by conducting batch experiments. The maximum adsorption capacity for Cd was 115.02 mg/l for 30gm of HRB dosage.

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This paper presents CPW fed rectangular shape microstrip patch antenna with stair shape and rectangular slit slots that generate wideband bandwidth to cover WLAN/WiMAX bands simultaneously. The antenna was designed on a low-cost, durable FR4 substrate, which is reinforced with a woven fiberglass material. The proposed antenna mainly consists of rectangular shape patch embedded with rectangular slit on substrate. Proposed antenna generate impedance bandwidth of 3.50 GHz to cover IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard in the band at 5.2 GHz (5.15- 5.35 GHz) and 5.8 GHz (5.72-5.82 GHz) and WiMAX standard in the band at 3.5(3.4-3.69 GHz) and 5.5 GHz (5.25-5.85 GHz). The design and optimization of Antenna along with parametric study were carried out using ZELAND IE3D which is based on method of moment.

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Solar oven is a device which uses the energy of sunlight for cooking, heating, roasting, pasteurizing etc., Different types of solar ovens and cookers are developed over years, mainly box type ovens, panel type and parabolic dish types. Among all the types box type is more popular because of its simplicity of handling and operation. Referring to the different collector design, it has been concluded that box type is better when compared to cost and compound parabolic collectors are better when compared with cooking time. Here a new design of a solar oven has been developed using a parabolic trough collector and an evacuated borosilicate glass tube. It has a wide range of application such as cooking, distillation, roasting etc., due to its unique property of producing a very high temperature of around 250ï‚°C. The parabolic glass tube type solar oven was designed, fabricated using locally available materials and the thermal performance was evaluated. The solar oven was tested for different conditions such as under load condition of 2.5Kg of water for with and without reflectors and under no load condition with an empty tube for with and without reflectors. Temperature of 90-95ï‚°C was obtained within 90 minutes under loading condition and a maximum temperature of around 234ï‚°C was achieved under no load condition in 60 minutes. Cooking power, Stagnation temperature, and the thermal efficiency of the solar oven was determined.

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This Survey Paper addresses Internet of things, its basics, applications and emerging trends. Net of Physical things electronically embedded with software’s and network connectivity is defined as IoT. These connected physical things enable objects to collect and exchange data. The Internet of Things permits objects to be identified and controlled remotely across existing network structure and it will create path for more direct integration between the physical world and computer-based systems and resulting in improved proficiency, precision and financial benefit. We will provide an overview of some of the applications presented in the recent literature and provide a summary of related research work. In this way the Internet of Things (IoT) is able to incorporate clearly and effortlessly a large number of diverse and various end systems to provide open access to specific selected things.

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The purpose of this paper is to establish a common fixed point theorem for a pair of compatible self-maps on D*-metric space and deduce corresponding results for metric spaces.

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This paper presents crack detection and evolution algorithm which describes the procedure for pavement image. The entire project is built using wavelet transform and radon transform. The application of wavelets to images gives different frequency sub-bands. And, this algorithm is based on the fact that crack pixels are darker than their surroundings. The crack detection algorithm deteriorate a pavement image into four sub-bands one low frequency sub-band called approximation and three high frequency sub-bands called detail. Cracks are clearly appear in the low frequency sub band at the first level by extended pseudo color matrix scaling. The algorithm of classification first revises and re-computes the vertical, horizontal and diagonal details at the first level using the energy conservation function, and then forms a new image by adding corresponding points in the four new sub-bands; finally it uses Radon transform to this new image. This Radon transform is used for classification and evolution of pavement image with new interface named GUI.

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In today’s technology developments data securing is the complicated one to secure the transmitted data. Most of the data is transmitted on the network, so it is very hard to secure those processed data. So cryptography was introduced to protect the data from unauthorised access. A cryptography algorithm is used to convert the secret data to the unreadable form. Only the authorized person can access the original data. But only the cryptography technique cannot provide a better security approach, because, the scrambled message is still available to the eavesdropper. At this stage, the need for data hiding is raised. Steganography is one of the methods which hide the data on an image so that the viewer can’t detect the transmission of data and hence they cannot try to decrypt it. It is the process of embedding secret data in the cover image without any changes to the image. In this paper, a combination of steganography and cryptography techniques can be used for improving the security. This paper proposes a Blowfish- based cryptography algorithm is used to convert the secret message to ciphered format. The DCT based steganographic technique is performed the embedding steganography. Both of these algorithms keep the secret data from stealing, destroying and hence provide the security. The performance analysis of the proposed method is compared with existing papers and the quality metrics is measured by PSNR and MSE values.

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Bessel Functions are series of solution to second order differential equation that arise in many diverse situations. This paper derives the Bessel functions through use of a series solution to differential equation, develops the different kinds of Bessel functions, and explores the topic of zeroes. Finally, Bessel functions are found to be the solution to the Schrödinger's equations in situation with cylindrical symmetry.

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The present investigation was carried out during kharif 2015-16 at Vegetable Research cum Demonstration Block of the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, VCSGUUHF, Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand with 25 genotypes of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in a randomized block design with three replications to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for traits. On the basis of mean performance, genotypes LC-8, LC-1, LC-2, LC-4, LC-6, LC-9, Byadgi dabbi and Byadgi kaddi were performed best for fruit yield per plant, plant height, fruit length, and number of fruits per plant and took less number of days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high average fruit weight, fruit pericarp thickness and number of seeds per fruit content indicating that these traits had wide genetic variability and would respond better to selection. High heritability and high genetic advance were recorded for average fruit weight, fruit pericarp thickness, fruit breadth, number of seeds per fruit and fruit length content indicating the role of additive gene action for the inheritance of these traits. Besides this, high heritability coupled with moderate genetic gain was observed for number of fruits per plant, number of branches per plant, number of primary branches and fruit yield per plant. Therefore, these characters also show some scope for improvement through selection.

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Lobe pump rotor profiles radius of base circle, addendum circle and root circle are closely connected with pressure angle. The change of pressure angle has some effect on lobe pump performance. This paper focuses on two-dimensional profile lobe pump and introduces involute rotor profiles and pressure angle parameter equation. We used geometry and two rotor mesh characteristics to establish lobe pump models of different pressure angles. Monitored the lobe pump’s pressure and velocity of input and output cross section. We used the K-Epsilon turbulence model and the dynamic meshes to compute the two-dimensional turbulence flow field of the lobe pump and obtained the pressure and velocity pulsation picture of different models and speeds. The results show with increasing pressure angle, the velocity of output decreases. The fluctuation of velocity is kept almost constant. When the pressure angle is 45°, the lobe pump has good comprehensive properties. The increasing of rotor speed makes the output flow and the oil absorption pressure increase. But the pressure fluctuation is acute. The lobe pump has vortex and leakage phenomenon in work progress. It will cause energy losses and decrease efficiency.

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Industries like biomedical, agricultural and pharmaceutical which forms backbone of countries economy. The monitoring of humidity and temperature is important part in such industries [1]. The controlled environment forms a foremost criteria in all of the above industries. Small deviation in the environmental conditions can cause heavy financial losses because of alterations in productivity in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. The technological advancements in various field including instrumentation is kept in mind and care was taken to utilize it. This improves the functionality of the device proposed. The proposed system provides a solution for similar problem. The system can monitor the temperature humidity and other parameters of different parts of industry as well as at different stages of processing and is controlled by LabView software platform. Alsothe system can perform different functions such as user login facility for authenticate user to enter in system, easy reconfiguration i.e. to update setpoints of data, alarm facility if the parameters goes beyond specified setpoints, and data logging facility and alarm logging facility for further analysis, also the real time graphs of the system are monitored. All these facilities makeit ideal for industrial applications.

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This paper presents the effective control strategies for the control of three phase PWM inverter connected to the distributed generation. This inverter is used to convert the DG output to the alternating quantity as required by the load and also to interface the DG unit to the grid. The different schemes can be used to control the inverter are studied and summarized for both the islanded and grid connected mode of operation. Finally hybrid voltage and current mode control method and unified control method are simulated in MATLAB and their results are discussed.

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BLDC Motor with high torque and wide speed range is the primary requirement for in-wheel electric vehicle application. Radial flux permanent magnet (RFPM) brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are the solution for electric vehicles, because of their shape, flexibility, compactness, robustness, high efficiency, wide speed range and high torque. In this paper, RFPM BLDC motor is proposed for wide range of speed conrtrol. It has single side configuration with 24 stator poles and 36 permanent magnets (PM) on rotor disc. In most of the applications of RFPMBLDC motor, the speed control is very important. To achieve accurate speed control, closed loop control using microcontroller is proposed in this paper. Microcontroller is used to drive the motor by sensing rotor position using Hall sensors. The effective braking scheme is also proposed. To verify the performance of the proposed RFPM BLDC motor, simulation is carried out and results are analysis. A prototype of RFPM BLDC motor is designed in order to validate the performance of the motor.

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In hospital information system (HIS), a standard patient data representation for portability, interoperability, integration and maintenance is implemented using Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) standards. The CDA standards have security concerns and lack interoperability from security point of view when multiple stake holders are involved in diverse HIS systems. In this paper, we propose enhanced document security and system security and support easy access to the HIS applications by using light weight cryptography one-to-many AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) security algorithms and deploy cloud infrastructure as security service and share implementation experience.

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Brain tumor detection and its evaluation are hard tasks in clinical photograph processing due to the fact brain picture and its shape is complicated that may be analyzed simplest with the aid of expert radiologists. Image Segmentation plays an essential role within the processing of these clinical pictures. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) has become a mainly beneficial medical diagnostic device for prognosis of brain and different clinical pictures. This paper offers a comparative take a look at of existing segmentation strategies applied for tumor detection and also presents an efficient tumor detection approach based hybrid clustering with an adaptive filter for MR images. The techniques include K- means approach clustering with watershed segmentation set of rules, optimized k-mean approach clustering with genetic algorithm and optimized subjective c-mean clustering with adaptive filter and feedback (Proposed). Traditional k-mean approach algorithm is sensitive to the initial cluster facilities. Genetic c-means and k-mean clustering techniques with adaptive filter and feedback (Proposed Hybrid) are used to come across tumor in MRI of brain pictures. The adaptive filter helps to remove undiscovered noises and feedback method help to maintain accuracy. At the stop of the procedure, the tumor is extracted from the MR picture and its precise position and the shape are determined accurately. The experimental outcomes indicate that genetic c-mean approach no longer best eliminate the over segmentation hassle, however also offer speedy and efficient clustering outcome.

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