Concrete is an essential building material which is widely used in construction industry all over the world due to its compressive strength. Curing of concrete plays a vital role in durability and other performance necessities. Improper curing can affect the performance and durability easily. Conditions where scarcity of water prevails, and accessibility of structure for external curing becomes difficult, it becomes essential to seek for alternative means of curing. This work thrust for an alternative procedure of curing by using external curing compound. Concrete curing compound consist essentially of waxes, natural and synthetic resins, and solvents of high volatility at atmospheric temperatures. The compound forms a moisture retentive film shortly after being applied on fresh concrete surface. White or gray pigments are often incorporated to provide heat reflection and to make the compound visible on the structure for inspection. The research work consist of i) Development of high strength concrete using OPC53 grade cement and locally available coarse aggregate and fine aggregate and using super plasticizer as admixture. ii) Casting of concrete samples and adopting different curing methods as wet pond curing, in air dry curing, alternative dry and wet curing and using curing compound. iii) Casted samples were tested for flexural strength, shear strength iv) Results of tested samples were tabulate and discussed over the result of achieving the strength in 3, 7, 28 days by different curing methods.

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This paper is a wireless sensor network based architecture designed for the purpose of image transmission between two controlling units through CMOS camera. This paper can be applied to any surveillance purpose and the protocol IEEE 802.15.4 is used to transmit image accurately to the monitoring section. Image transmission with a combined robotic application is presented in this paper. For surveillance purpose, the path of the robot has to feed initially. The robotic section runs with LPC2148 with CMOS camera with a person detection sensor and monitoring section runs with MATLAB platform. This wireless image transfer unit in Robot will be ready to capture any human who enters into robot surveillance region. This presence of human can be determined by the thermal heat radiation from the object and this interrupt will wake up the camera. In order to cover the entire room, the robot module can able to turn in various angle with manual and automatic control. Under the absence of human, the processor will keep the camera in the sleep mode. The technique is followed in the project to reduce the energy consumption in image transmission. These methods improve the efficiency of the robot surveillance as well as energy saving. This paper uses the Matlab platform for the image visualization.

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Wireless networks of battery-powered sensors with an event-driven wake-up function are becoming an increasingly important application area for Internet of Things (IoT).This paper analyzes the physical relation between the power consumption and the link utilization of wireless video sensor networks. We propose a multi-channel allocation and routing method for wireless multi-hop networks where each node generates event-driven video sensor data. Routing and channel allocation put a large impact on the battery life time of IoT sensors. We realistically analyze the power consumption model for a wireless link in terms of the distance and its utilization ratio. We then present an optimization formula of utilization-aware channel allocation and routing that minimizes the overall power consumption while transferring all the require data. We developed an efficient optimisation algorithm that accurately approximates the formula. A network simulator has been developed, which show that the proposed method can reduce the overall power consumption.

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Multiple communication channel support in Radio Frequency (RF) transmission, such as that in a Software Defined Radio (SDR) warrants the use of channelizers to extract required channels from the received RF frequency band and to perform follow-on baseband processing. The objective of our project is to Design a SDR using Xilinx system generator and describe the process of channelization as it applies to low power and high-efficiency applications in wireless and Satellite Communications (SATCOM) domains. Smaller bandwidths and changing requirements of bandwidth calls for a programmable channel selection mechanism whereby channels and the resulting bandwidth can be selected based on target application, which is the primary principle in the Software Defined Radio based systems [3]. SDR is a radio in which some or the entire physical layer functions are software defined. Traditional hardware based radio devices have limited cross-functionality and they are modified only through a physical intervention. This results in higher production costs and minimal flexibility in supporting multiple waveform standards this problem is solved by SDR’s. In this project, a software defined radio is designed using Xilinx System Generator. System Generator’s FIR, FFT, FIFO and FDA Tool blocks are used. The FDA Tool block is used to define the filter order and coefficients, and the SDR block is used for the MATLAB/Simulink simulation and design implementation in FPGA using Xilinx ISE Design Suite 14.1.

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Security and Authentication of individuals is necessary for our daily lives. Access control systems restrict access to a secured premise or other secured devices (like a safe) only to authorized persons. In this design a biometric (fingerprint based) ATM vault was developed with GSM technology. There are other methods of verifying authentication through password, RFID but this method is most efficient and reliable. To provide perfect security to the bank lockers and to make the work easier, this project is taking help of two different technologies viz. EMBEDDED SYSTEMS and BIOMETRICS. Unauthorized access is prohibited by designing a system that stores the fingerprints of one or more authorized users. Fingerprint is sensed by sensor and is validated for authentication. If the fingerprint matches, the door will be opened automatically otherwise the buzzer will be activated so that the people near the surroundings will get an alert. A survey showed that there is no proper security in withdrawing cash from ATM’s. There are no proper authentication methods applied for security during ATM transactions. In this paper, security approaches of ATM have been focused on, and have been improved using biometric based authentication technique i.e. Fingerprint recognition. One of the main motive of biometric ATM machine is to prevent unauthorized access means everyone cannot access the ATM means user should present then the access the ATM otherwise not access the Account. The use of biometric in ATM machine for the purpose of security. Biometrics technology is rapidly progressing and offers attractive opportunities. In recent years, biometric authentication has grown in popularity as a means of personal identification in ATM authentication systems. The prominent biometric methods that may be used for authentication include fingerprint, palm print, handprint, face recognition, speech recognition, dental and eye biometrics. In this paper, a microcontroller based prototype of ATM cashbox access system using fingerprint sensor module is implemented. An 8-bit PIC PIC18F4520 microcontroller developed by Microchip Technology is used in the system. The necessary software is written in Embedded C and the system are tested.

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The modern civilization is very largely dependent on the products of oil and massive quantities of oil / chemical are transported throughout the world. The design of vehicles transporting flammable fluid is important for public safety and economic implications. In this research we will develop a CAD model of tanker transporting the oil / chemical according to the dimensions provided by Spectra India, Nagpur and analyze the bursting pressure of tank using FEA.

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A study on M-40 grade of concrete with mix proportion 1:2.38:3.04:0.4 with water cement ratio 0.4 to analyze mechanical properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), where fibers are steel binding wires and copper wires having fibers of 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% volume fraction. Aspect ratio of fibers is taken as 50. An outcome information acquired is examined and related with a conventional sample (0% fiber). A relationship between % of fibers strength of concrete represented graphically. Finally, strength of concrete shows better results at 2 % fibers, further increased in % of fibers will lowers the strength of concrete.

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Remote Sensor Networks (WS-Ns) are ascending as a promising development in perspective of their broad assortment of usages in current, common watching, military and nonmilitary faculty ranges. In view of fiscal examinations, the center points are regularly direct and ease. They are as often as possible unattended, nevertheless, and are subsequently subject to encounter the evil impacts of different sorts of novel ambushes. A dim opening strike is a champion among the most ordinary attacks and fills in as takes after. The enemy deals a center point and drops all bundles that are coordinated through this center point, realizing fragile data being discarded or unfit to be sent to the sink. Since the framework settles on decisions depending upon the center points' recognized data, the outcome is that the framework will absolutely crash and burn and, more genuinely, settle on off kilter decisions.

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Steganography is an art of hiding the secret message in a cover object not including departure a remarkable track on the original message. It is used to increase the security of message sent over the internet. In contrast to cryptography, it is not used to scramble the data but it is used to conceal the data in digital media. This research paper will deal with text and video steganography, cryptography, hash-LSB and a encryption algorithm. At the end, there will be a discussion about the goal of this paper and what types of techniques worked on text and video steganography. A proposed technique for text and video steganography say Hash-LSB with the RSA algorithm is implemented to provide more secure data and data hiding method. This technique uses a hashing function to generate a mask model for the data bits in the LSB of RGB pixel values of the cover text and video. This technique ensures that the message is encrypted before hiding in a cover text and video frame. If in any case the cipher text has revealed the cover video frames, the intermediate person other than the receiver cannot access the message as it is in encrypted form. So Hash- LSB technique is more secure and responsible to transfer the important data on any unsecure channel. The encryption algorithm which is named as RSA (Rivest, Shamir & Adelman) algorithm, increase the security of valuable or precious data.

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In current situation increasing cement producing industries produces large extent of carbon dioxide to nature and due to industries the large extent of industrial by products (waste) are being accumulated to environment and economic concerns related to their disposal (land filling). Utilization of wastes materials like wood ash, risk husk ash, saw dust ash, coconut shell ash are used partial in concrete to minimize environmental and ecological problems. Mesquite wood ash is a by- product generated combustion of wood in wood-fired power plants, hotels, paper mills and other wood burning industries. The aim this projects is to minimize cost of project and to utilize the mesquite wood ash in concrete and minimize the disposal risk to nature. Here mesquite wood ash partially replaced to cement in concrete of various levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The mechanical properties (compressive, split tensile and flexural strength) of concrete and durability properties (Acid attack and water absorption) are determined at different curing periods and were compared with control M-30 mix.

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In both static and dynamic provisioning, Virtual Machine sizing is perhaps the most vital step. Typically, efficient provisioning is achieved by two operations: (1) static resource provisioning. VMs are created with specified size and then consolidated onto a set of physical servers. The Virtual Machine capacity does not change; and (2) dynamic resource provisioning. The objective of Virtual Machine sizing is to ensure that Virtual Machine capacity is commensurate with the workload. While over-provisioning wastes costly resources, under-provisioning degrades application performance and may lose customers. We introduce the concept of “fuzzy assessment” s to measure the uneven utilization of a server. By analyzing risk assessment, we can improve the overall utilization servers in the face of multidimensional resource constraints.

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NeSSi (Network Security Simulator) is a novel network simulation tool which incorporates a variety of features relevant to network security distinguishing it from general-purpose network simulators. We present NeSSi2, the Network Security Simulator, a simulation environment that is based on the service-centric agent platform JIAC. It focuses on network security-related scenarios such as attack analysis and evaluation of counter-measures. We introduce the main NeSSi2 concepts and discuss the motivation for realizing them with agent technology. Then, we present the individual components and examples where NeSSi2 has been successfully applied. Network or security functionality, but although they provide detailed results, experiments are time consuming and remain complex to setup and maintain. Another approach is to represent the system with the aid of mathematical models and find analytical answers, i.e. logical and quantitative relationships between the entities. Typically, such models also become very complex, in particular for a concurrent system such as IDS. Therefore, simulations are useful for the evaluation of distributed systems and protocols. Depending on the evaluation metrics, the simulations allow the abstraction from irrelevant properties. In addition, hazard scenarios, called "what-if scenarios", can be constructed which may not be possible in real-world test environments.

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Lead screws and screw jacks provide positioning and lifting functions in industrial machinery, and thus the market for these products benefits from trends to automate applications and the replacement of hydraulic lifting systems. A big driver of the market for these products is demand for more efficient machinery. However, the regional markets for these products differ in terms of product design and acceptance in industrial applications, which has impacted the overall market and its future development.

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The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a process for minimizing the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from the exhaust of the IC engine. Our main aim is to develop a design of EGR Cooler for BS IV diesel engine which reduces the NOx percentage in the exhaust gas. EGR recirculation about small part of the exhaust gases back into the inlet of the cylinder where it merges with the fresh air and due to which it reduces the part of Oxygen. It reduces the Oxygen concentration due to chemical reaction and dilutes the intake charge, due to which it also reduces the temperature inside the cylinder which will simultaneously reduce the NOx percentage due to reducing the formation of NOx.. When we recycle about 20% of exhaust gas will reduce NOx emission about 87%. Therefore we make three different models A, B, C. Model-A is simple shell and tube type, which has simple tube. In model-B we replaced simple tubes by externally triangular finned type circular tube because it increases the heat transfer rate and therefore we get increased effectiveness of the cooler. And in the Model- C, we replace the plane tube in same model by square finned tube. Now we compare all the three models by their effectiveness, and on the basis of comparison suggest using most effective Model among them. Mainly the comparisons were made between shell & finned tube EGR cooler and on the basis of comparison we prefer the model which has high effectiveness than the other.

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In this study the Effect of bearing needle diameter, air pressure which is used for bearing auto rotation inspection and air blow time studied. Maximum free rotation counts of a needle roller bearing analysis done by using three factor factorial experiments by design of experiment approach and validate it by analysis tool by ANOVA and regression analysis software. Experiments were carried out using auto rotation testing machine. The result is useful to design engineer and automation development engineer in Research & Development department to optimize bearing life on the basis of maximum number free rotation of needle roller bearing during running inside the gear box or transmission under standard operating condition. This is the main aim of this study.

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Dynamic loading on the bicycle pedal cranks induce various changes in the geometry. The main objective of this study is to get the critical stress locations on the crank and develop a new improved design for minimizing the same. Therefore, this study consists of two major sections: (1) Finite Element and geometry modelling, (2) analysis and optimization by improved design. The crank was modeled using a modelling software and validation of model was done by using equivalent stresses and directional deflection of the crank and pedal. Refinement of geometry was done using the method of body sizing till convergent result of maximum stress was obtained. This research paper proposed improvements of designs with regard to minimize the weight, cost and optimum factor of safety.

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To resolve the problem of carbon emission and to reduce the Labour cost in construction of concrete structures an innovative sustainable concreting technique named “self-compacting geopolymer concrete” is developed. The benefit of using this concreting technique is that the Labour cost reduces due to its self compactability and it also solves the problem of disposal of waste foundry sand. The present investigation is mainly focused on the fresh properties of self-compacting geopolymer concrete with varying molarity of NaOH and using waste foundry sand as replacement of ordinary sand to make this a low-cost concreting technique. Test were performed such as slump flow, T50cm, V-funnel and L-box were conducted to assess the fresh properties. Studies reveals that increasing the molarity of NaOH decreases the fresh properties but increased the compressive strength of SCGC.

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The advancement in computers provided large amount of data. The task is to analyze the input data and obtain the required data which can be done by various data mining techniques. Present work focusses on analysis of relationships in spatial datasets are regional and there is a great need for regional regression methods that derive regional reflects different spatial characteristics of different regions. Naive Bayes, J48 (C4.5) and JRip Algorithms were used to analyse the data JRip reported to be simple, efficient classifier of soil data. The selected soil attributes were Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur, Iron, Zinc, Potassium, PH and Humus. The attributes were predicted by linear regression. Even though all regressions provided almost equal results least Median Square depicts better results. This paper proposes a regional regression technique for regions that are defined by a categorical attribute, in particular soil type. The result is a series of hierarchically grouped regions according to their similarity.

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In recent years, the most innovative topics in antenna theory and design is the planar monopole antenna and are progressively finding large application in modern microwave system. In this paper start with the different type of feeding techniques employed for the planar monopole antenna and then focus on the parameter enhancement technique in the planar monopole antenna technology that have been made in the last few year.

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The present study mainly focuses on analytical study of fly ash and GGBS blended reinforced geo polymer concrete beams. The beams were analyzed by using Ansys R15.0. The reinforced geo polymer beams analyzed were cured for 28days in an ambient room temperature itself. The conventional reinforced concrete beam analyzed were cured for 28 days in water. The proportions of source materials for geo polymer concrete used are fly ash(FA) 50- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) 50, FA0-GGBS100. The grade of Conventional Concrete (CC) was fixed equivalent to that of Geopolymer concrete with the earlier specified proportions. The grade of geo polymer concrete was fixed to be M45 by doing trial and error method. The beams were analyzed for two- point loading. The parameters such as Max.Equivalent stresses (Von-Misses stress), Max.Normal Stress, Max. Normal Elastic Strain, Max.Shear Stress, Max.Shear strain and Max.central deflection were found. The present study has given a final conclusion that the performance of reinforced geo polymer concrete (RGPC) beams was better than that of equivalent grade of reinforced conventional concrete beams.

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India's development is trending towards Smart Development of settlements. These settlements need special focus based on different criteria for evaluation. Geographical information system (GIS) and Multi criteria evaluation are the most common techniques used to analyze different suitability including urban areas as well as rural areas. This paper basically gives a conceptual framework for clustering of villages based on different parameters. GIS are mainly used for creating interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these operations. Population and production factors are two broad parameters have been considered in cluster suitability analysis. Cluster suitability in ArcGis has been carried out based on agricultural productivity, employment density, regional connectivity, forest cover and cropping intensity. For this clustering, Sehore district has been taken as a case study.

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As water shortage in the dry areas is a recurrent crisis, people have a great need for information on how to capture and use every available drop of water efficiently. Water harvesting is an effective and economical means of achieving the objectives and information on its various systems and techniques is in great demand. For our water requirement we entirely depend upon rivers, lakes and ground water. However rain is the ultimate source that feeds all these sources. Rain water harvesting means to make optimum use of rain water at the place where it falls. i.e. conserve it and not allow draining away and causing floods elsewhere.

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WSNs are used research area due to their several application domains. The presentation of WSNs depends on the topology of sensors and their ability to adapt to changes in the network. Sensor nodes are often resource constrained by their limited power, communication distance capacity is low, and restricted sensing capability. Therefore, they need to co-operate with each other to achieve a specific task. [1] [3] Thus, clustering enables sensor nodes to communicate through the cluster head node for constant communication process. In this paper, we introduce a dynamic cluster head selection technique. Every node in the cluster calculates its residual energy value to determine its candidacy to become the Cluster Head Node (CHN). [1] With this mechanism, each sensor node estimates its residual energy level to other nodes in the same cluster. Lean on the unused energy level the sensor node acts as the second cluster head. Interpretation of the dynamic CHN selection mechanism is shown using network simulator-2 (ns2). The simulation results show that the recommended methods drag out the network lifetime and adjust the energy utilization model among the nodes of the cluster. [2].

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Now a days natural and manmade disaster like earthquake, cyclone etc., play an important role in the behaviour of structures. Hence the structures has to be designed in a good manner which resists higher seismic and impact forces. Strengthening of existing RC framed buildings for impacting seismic resistance is a challenging engineering problem. Many of the existing buildings are found to have inadequate strength, ductility, or stiffness because they were designed and build when modern seismic requirements did not exist. SIFCON possess high strength, improved ductility, impact resistance and enhanced energy absorption capacity, so it is used as an option for strengthening the conventional reinforced concrete beam. The main thrust of the study has been aimed at characterizing the flexural strength of the beam strengthened with precast SIFCON laminate externally.

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This study empirically examines the relationship between Job security, Equal treatment of employees, Good salary, Job satisfaction, Good working condition, and reward for achievement by the students of the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering, of Maharaja Engineering College, Avinashi, Tamilnadu by using self-designed questionnaires containing 20 attributes. The sample size was 90 so 90 questionnaires were distributed and only 40 were selected. Analysis was done using Microsoft excel and the result concludes that there is a significant positive relationship between students’ motivation and their career growth. Good working conditions, Equal treatment of employees, and Opportunity for honest feedback were selected by the above Engineering students. Hence it may be concluded that the motivation is the very important factor in estimating the behavior of the individual.

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