With social media penetration and internet connectivity poised to increase accompanied by advances in natural language processing and artificial intelligence, chatbots are expected to dominate the market. For a developer it is important to understand what the chatbot will offer and what category the chatbot falls into. This would help pick the algorithms or platforms and tools to use to build the bot. It also helps the end-users understand what to expect. Here we discuss the types of chatbots, the tools and algorithms that can be used for different types of chatbots and provide a general architecture that can be followed while building bots. We also address the areas where in chatbots are lacking and identify the research areas hence needing attention.

Read More...

recent advances in the fiber optic technology are strongly affecting network data communications. One of the most promising long-haul communications in optical data communication networks technologies is Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Wavelength routing in WDM is most important technology for information transport in wide and metropolitan networks. Wavelength routing is used in WDM for realization of future large bandwidth networks. In this paper mainly discussed about routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) research contributions in routing and wavelength assignments problems for both static and dynamic RWA problems. RWA algorithms block calls if continuous wavelength flow from source to destination at that time degrades the network performance. The failure of RWA algorithms to find an available wavelength on all links from source to destination causes congestion resulting in pocket loss.

Read More...

The building sector accounts for about 40% of the total energy use. However, at the same time the building sector has a cost-effective saving potential of up to 80%, which can be effected over the next 40 years. A variety of TES techniques for heating and cooling applications have been done. To overcome this problem, we can use underground reservoir such as aquifer thermal energy storage and borehole thermal energy storage. The use of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) in buildings in combination with space heating, domestic hot water and space cooling has recently received much attention. Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES) systems allow the direct application of the earth energy in a form of heat that can be recovered and exploited by humans. As they are both economically competitive and environmentally friendly, UTES systems have gained increasing acceptance. So far, most UTES systems have been applied in cold and temperate regions for both heating and cooling. The aim of this study to propose an advantageous operation mode for the underground thermal energy storage (UTES) by reformatting the ground temperature distribution, and clarify the effects of an actual application. In general there were four typical operation modes, such as uniform mode, concentrative mode, intermittent mode and heat shield mode, which based on the different load allotment. Considering the heat treatment mode that usually give rise of temperature on the area apron and will shape an isothermal vertical wall to block heat flowing.

Read More...

The physical behaviors of indoor air particles were studied in order to test the efficiency of air filter. The filteration characteristic of filter media in terms of its efficiency and effectiveness, were evaluated and analyzed. During testing, the efficiency of filter medium showed maximum efficiency of 93.9% with drop in pressure from 80.73kg/m³ to 75.73 kg/m³. The ability of filter to capture particles depends on the size of particles passing through its fibers as well as the velocity of the flow passing through the filter. The velocity of air depend on energy provided, therefore filter media should be energy efficient. In-situ measurements were taken using a manometer which is placed to measure the pressure drop between the two sections just before and after the filter, thus it displays the pressure drop induced by filter medium. The pressure drop increases with time because the resistance to the air is increased with the particles captured in the filter. As the resistance to the air increases, more energy is required to maintain the same air pressure. The ability of filter to move air through the system is reduced when the pressure drop increases. When this ability is reduced, more energy is required to provide the same air flow. When the efficiency of a filter increases, the pressure drop usually increases too.

Read More...

This project is based on pedal powered energy. The bicycle pedal is connected with the flywheel with the use of chain drive and belt drive. By applying force (bicycling action) on the pedal will make the flywheel rotate at some speed which is based on human effort. At the end of flywheel assembly, the small type of generator named a dynamo is connected for the generation of power. It generates the DC power which is stored in the battery and to make it useful to charge the mobile, Inverter is mounted in between this. The generation of power is only dependent on human effort. In this no fuel is require for the generation of power. That’s why it does not harmful to the environment or any life. The concept of this project, It is also used for pedal hacksaw, pedal pump, pedal grass-cutter and many more. This project is very useful for those people who live in rural area. Ultimately the bicycle is used as fat reducing equipment for human and as travelling vehicle.

Read More...

In this paper, deblurring techniques are used to recover the original image from blurred image. Blurred image that degrade the image quality and it's troublesome to avoid. The technique of image restoration is to induce obviate the blur from degrade the image and recover the initial image. Image restoration is typically remarked as image deblurring or image deconvolution. There are two types of deconvolution that is non blind deconvolution and blind deconvolution. Non blind deconvolution methods are using Weiner filter, using regularized filter, using Lucy Richardson algorithm. The performance of deconvolution methods are analyzed by calculating PSNR, SNR, MSE.

Read More...

Anthracnose. Fungal, virus deceases detection is one of the important part of plants and fruits processing. Now a days required bacterial and fungal infection in increases day to day and destroy the crops and fruits. That’s why the detection of deceases is an important part of the food processing engineering. There are different techniques are available Deceases Detection in crops and fruits using digital image processing. In this paper discuss the different method for Anthracnose deceases in plants and crops. In this paper presented a deceases detection in plants and crops in fields like performing proposed work. Alternaria Alternata, Anthracnose, Bacterial Blights. For the detection effected area of plants using segmentation by clustering method. Shows that deceases can be detected with an awfully high accuracy, up to 90% in the different test images of plants, leafs and fruits. The validation tests showed that detect deceases plants so avoiding 3D sensing. Color based classification is highly enthusiastic about the quality of the color perception that demands use of cameras with fine-tuned and label color filters. Environmental factors, such as sunlight, still pose the biggest challenge for different deceases detection. Presented work additionally detect the deceases in fruits as well as area of effected fruits.

Read More...

Banking segments collect giant amount of data, it collect customer information, transaction details, risk profiles, credit card details, limit and security details, investment acquiescence and Anti Money Laundering (AML) related information, employment finance data. This information includes acknowledgment, default information, savings and unlawful financing. Patterns and knowledge can be mined from this huge dimensions of data that in revolve can be used for this decision making process. It provides an overview of data mining techniques and procedures. It also specifies how these techniques can be used in banking areas to make the decision making process easier and useful.

Read More...

Due to the resource limitations in wireless sensor networks such as low network bandwidth, short range of wireless communication, limited storage capacity and power supply, prolonging the network lifetime have received fabulous attention in recent years. One of the most challenging issues is related with the energy consumption during sensing and data transmission, since, sensor nodes are limited power. And it is also impractical to maintain the network lifetime by changing the battery frequently because in many environments it is either very difficult or not possible at all, to recharge sensor. Many routing protocol have been proposed for energy efficiency of both homogeneous and heterogeneous environment. An efficient routing technique is known as hierarchical routing based on clustering that enhances the network lifetime. This paper presents an overview of areas in WSN which can give rise to energy efficiency of node and how researcher have worked to prolonging the network lifetime. Also, this paper presents the comparison of the performance of different cluster-based routing protocols on the basis of different parameters.

Read More...

The word "Cloud Computing" is a recent catchphrase in the IT world and has been a major topic of conversation as of late and is emerging as one of the most important technologies of this decade. For health check-up there are many systems available such as thyrocare android app, E-wireless healthcare system, practo etc. Healthcare professionals must have all the in order they need to make on time patient-care decision. The rising of mobility connections, people can access all the resources hosted in the cloud any time using any device. In the last few years, expectations about patient privacy information, medical services, data retention and health care supplier ease of use have raised radically[6]. For solving such kind of issues I suggest the electronic health care systems using cloud computing techniques. Cloud technology reduces the time delay and more time can be spared for patient care. Cloud computing is a cost effective method that facilitate real-time data collection, data storage and exchange between healthcare organizations.

Read More...

For the Accretion of digital area and communication, network has viewed the requirements for intellectual property rights (IRP) security method for digital environment. One that is digital watermarking for data which has become important for research in many years digital methods are used as a way for protection of multimedia data. Here the paper show focus on applicability of various invisible watermarking techniques such that applying DCT-DWT-SVD techniques on color image by a simplified algorithm. We apply first level DWT to host image, then anyone LL band selected for two level decomposition. After this DCT will be applied to each block and the SVD, which is to get singular value watermark. The end part of the paper concludes previous part of the inverse SVD, DCT and DWT which are required to get watermark picture to check effectiveness and robustness with also same parameters likes PSNR, MSE.

Read More...

The image processing is a huge number of applications is to extract significant features from image data, from which a description, interpretation can be provided by the machine. Image processing can be defined as the processing or modifying a present image in a preferred manner. This system allows the user to take hard copy of the image using printer routines and allows the user to store screen image into the disk file using the file format as bmp, jpg, gif [1]. Image processing in its general form pertains to the alteration and analysis of pictorial information. A number of different sensors will be used in the satellites orbiting the earth. All useful information will be extracted from these systems. New logics can be needed to provide and classify the different sets of data obtainable from the orbiting satellites. The future trend in remote sensing will be based on sensors that can record the same scene in many different ways. Graphics data will be important in image processing applications. The Satellite based imaging for planetary exploration as well as military applications will be the future trend. Biomedical applications, astronomy, and scene analysis for the robotic vehicles are also pertinent areas of future applications of imaging [5]. Adaptive search of large image data bases will become the norms, since video and graphics data will be available from a variety of sensors developed for remote sensing applications of satellite systems.

Read More...

the cloud computing is a rapidly developing technology, which has brought significant changes and opportunities to various sector in India. It is a pervasive computing paradigm that has revolutionized how Information Technology infrastructure and services can be delivered. There is a growing interest around the utilization of cloud computing in the education sector. Education plays an essential role in maintaining the economic growth of a country. Now a days the classroom teaching is changing and students are becoming more technology oriented in his changing environment, it’s critical that we think about the latest technologies to incorporate in the teaching and learning process. The survey identifies and analyses the advantages and dangers that the use of cloud computing may have for the main stakeholders in education.

Read More...

Shear walls are structurally efficient solution to stiffen a building structural system because the main function of a shear wall is to increase the rigidity for lateral load resistance. Shear walls in medium and high rise reinforced concrete buildings for the sake of interaction with the lateral forces, used by many of engineers, however past studies on the behavior and situation of shear wall indicated that shear walls has better behavior. The present study was carried out in a 15 story shear wall building, located in seismic zone 2.Two models was considered for the study, first one was the building constructed only by shear wall (Model-M1) and the second one was with RC-Frame structure with shear wall (Model-M2). Response spectrum analysis is conducted and from the response spectrum analysis, the maximum displacement obtained for building with for RC-Frame structure than the building with only shear wall, i.e. storey drift is reduced when shear wall is provided for entire structure. To analyze the wall-frame interaction behavior, lateral forces obtained from the equivalent static analysis were applied on the nodes of exterior faces. The study shows that, as the height of building increases, shear wall absorb more lateral force than the frame.

Read More...

The present experiment was undertaken at the College of Agriculture, Padannakkad during 2015-17 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management practices and summer irrigation on growth indices and dry matter production in ashwagandha. The experiment was laid out in RBD with 14 treatments. The treatments were T1-HDP in trenches mulched with polythene and filled with enriched growing medium, T2-T1 + Recommended dose of NPK, T3-T1 + Liquid organic manures, T4-T2 + azospirillum, T5-T3 + azospirillum, T6-T4 + B and Mg, T7-T5 + B and Mg, T8-T6 + Summer irrigation at 15 mm CPE, T9-T7 + Summer irrigation at 15 mm CPE, T10-T6 + Summer irrigation at 30 mm CPE, T11-T7 + Summer irrigation at 30 mm CPE, T12-HDP in trenches filled with enriched growing medium, T13-NRP in trenches filled with enriched growing medium, T14-Broadcasting in trenches filled with enriched growing medium. SPAD chlorophyll meter reading, root shoot ratio and LAI showed significant variation due to treatment effects. Leaf, stem, root, berries and total dry matter production were found to be significantly influenced by integrated nutrient management practices and summer irrigation. Though T6 was found superior with respect to total dry matter production, T10 was beneficial in relation to the production of economic part, i.e., root.

Read More...

Industries are basically meant for Production of useful goods and services at low production cost, machinery cost and low inventory cost. Today in this world every task have been made quicker and fast due to technology advancement but this advancement also demands huge investments and expenditure, every industry desires to make high productivity rate maintaining the quality and standard of the product at low average cost. In an industry a considerable portion of investment is being made for machinery installation. This project is design and fabricates a Multi Operation Mechanical Machine or Universal operation machine. Our project is "MULTI OPERATION BY SINGLE MECHANISM". This is the machine that can perform multi operation at the same time & required speed. Which is operated by battery or mains .It’s called "MULTI OPERATION MACHINE OR UNIVERSAL OPERATION MACHINE". This machine is working on Single Shaft Mechanism based on mains. Main objective of our project is to save time and manpower because of multiple operations such as drilling, cutting, and grinding and power press are on a single motor power driven by single shaft. Machine can preformed more than one operation or more work such as combination of machine.

Read More...