Expansive soil covers nearly 20 percent of the land mass in India. These soils are known to possess weak properties due to the presence of clay minerals known as “Montmorillonite”. Typical behaviour of soil results in the failure of structures, in form of settlements, cracks etc. Thus it is important to remove the existing weak soil and replace it with non expansive soil or to improve the properties of weak soil by stabilization. Soil reinforcement is a technique that can be used to improve the engineering characteristics of expansive soils. Use of natural fibres to reinforce soil is an old and ancient idea. Randomly distributed fibre reinforced soil have recently attracted growing attention in geotechnical engineering. The present dissertation aims to study the effect of different environmental conditions on performance of coir fibres included in black cotton soil to enhance its strength and reduce the swelling behaviour. Coir fibre is known as a biodegradable material that tends to decay under extreme environmental conditions such as in contaminated and polluted water, in getting contact with the leachate, in alternate cycles of wetting and drying, also in alternate cycles of freezing and thawing and so on. In general, life of coir fibre in soil is expected to 8-10 years. Therefore under different environmental condition it may degrade fast. The gain in soil strength or decrease in swelling might be lost. This aspect is not studied so far. Hence in this work this is attempted. The work in the project is experiment based, California bearing ratio of soil is an important soil strength parameter used in design of pavements. Effect of some different possible environmental conditions on CBR of expansive soil improved by coir fibre reinforcement will be studied experimentally in the present work.

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The signal consists of the frequency components and the modulation will be done before the signal is transmitted to the receiver and the reverse process of the modulation known as demodulation will be done at the receiver side. The signal which is received at the receiver must be equal to the signal transmitted at the transmitter. If the signal is not same then the signal will be retransmitted to the receiver. To avoid retransmission and the time delay, the signal must be transmitted with less error. Nowadays, the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) techniques are used to improve the efficiency of the signal. In this paper, the various techniques that used OFDM for the signal modulation is studied and analyzed to get the best technique for the transmission of the signal, so that the signal received at the receiver will have less error performance, high diversity gain, high signal to noise ratio and high spectral efficiency.

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Social media is popular for rating system now a days user’s update share or tag photos during their trips. The geographical data set by sensible phone bridges the gap between physical and digital worlds. Location data functions as a result of the affiliation between user’s physical behaviors and virtual social internet works structured by the sensible phone or net services user gives ratings to that place and this place becomes popular with the help of rating prediction and user is used social media for rating. Now a days social media becomes popular. We refered to these social networks involving geographical information as location-based social networks (LBSNs). Such information brings opportunities and challenges for recommender systems to solve the cold start, sparsity problem of datasets and rating prediction. With the increasing accessibility of moving-object following information, flight search is progressively vital. We tend to propose and investigate a completely unique question kind named flight search by regions of interest (TSR query). Given AN argument set of trajectories, a TSR query takes a group of regions of interest as a parameter and returns the flight within the argument set with the best spatial-density correlation to the question regions. This sort of question is helpful in several fashionable applications like trip designing and recommendation, and location primarily based services normally. A heuristic search strategy supported priority ranking to schedule multiple question sources. The performance of TSR question process is studied in depth experiments supported real and artificial special information.

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Data mining is a moderately new field of research whose major objective is to acquire information from large amounts of data. In medical and health care areas, due to protocols and the availability of computers, a great amount of data is becoming available. On the one hand, practitioners are likely to use all this data in their work but, at the same time, such a large amount of data cannot be processed by humans in a short time to make diagnosis, projection and treatment schedules. A major neutral of this paper is to extensively examine the data mining tools in medical and health care uses to develop software with using that tools that can help make timely and accurate decisions. Health care industry produces huge quantity of data that clutches complex information relating to patients and their medical conditions. This paper features various Data Mining procedures such as classification, clustering, relationship and also highlights related work to analyse and predict human disease .It is shown how the health care manufacturing is solving their problems through data mining techniques. Various learning methods in data mining, data mining tasks, scope of data mining, importance of data mining in health care industry, forecasts and issues in health care industry are discussed.

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The concept of exploiting the advantages of DNA computing in the field of cryptography has lead to the creation of unbreakable algorithms. DNA cryptography is an emerging field of cryptography where each letter of the text is converted to a different combination of the four bases that make up the human DNA. Existing DNA cryptographic techniques use fixed substitution tables or static hashing techniques for encoding, which may make the system vulnerable to attacks. In this research, a dynamic encoding table is used for alphabetical encoding of the text which provides high resistance to attacks. Encoding is followed by Factoring and Priming which makes the technique more secure. In this, the encoded string is cut into smaller sequences which provide parallelism in further operations and this ensures high performance computing. The proposed methods make the algorithm extremely resistant to security attacks and unbreakable.

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This function considers the problematic of efficient online anomaly recognition in computer network traffic. The problematic is move near statistically, as that of sequential (quickest) change point detection. A multi-cyclic location of fastest change detection is a usual fit for this problem. It recommends a novel score-based multi-cyclic discovery algorithm. The procedure is grounded on the so-called Shiryaev–Roberts procedure. This method is as informal to employ in preparation and as computationally economical as the widespread Cumulative Sum chart and the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average arrangement. The probability ratio based Shiryaev–Roberts procedure has interesting optimality properties; predominantly it is exactly optimum in a multi-cyclic setting geared to perceive a change occurring at a far time horizon. It is therefore expectable that an intrusion recognition algorithm based on the Shiryaev–Roberts technique will perform better than other recognition organizations. This is confirmed experimentally for real recommendations. We also discuss the analogous case of hostage our contradiction detection algorithm with a spectral-signature intrusion detection system with fake careworn filtering and true existence confirmation skill, so as to obtain a synergistic organization.

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Authentication on the internet is a large concern for major websites and ecommerce sites. Most of them utilize Google or Facebook APIs to authenticate their users. These APIs are useful because of the large user base they have and the ease of access as new registration is not needed as the 3rd Party API authenticates the user. The major concern with these APIs is the use of username and password. Username and password are the most commonly used mechanism for authentication because of simplicity and convenience. However, it suffers from drawbacks like selection of weak passwords by the users, users disclosing their passwords etc. This weakens the security posture of the organizations [2]. Hence, we propose a modified image based authentication system. Along with two more fall-back techniques which are Steganography based and Token based authentication systems. The Steganography based authentication system works as an image key to authenticate the user with the help of an image that is embedded with the user’s token in case the user is unable to verify him/herself by the image based authentication system. The Token based system works with a companion app that allows the user to perform quick hassle-free login.

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It's a very big challenge that building or structure must withstand lateral forces such as earthquake and wind load. Irregular buildings constitute a large portion of the modern urban infrastructure. Structures are never perfectly regular and hence the designers routinely need to evaluate the likely degree of irregularity and the effect of this irregularity on a structure during an earthquake. The proportional distribution of lateral forces evolved through seismic action and wind load also in each storey level due to changes in stiffness of frame on irregular frame is analyzed. The objective of the project is to carry out Response spectrum analysis (RSA) of vertically irregular RC building frames. In the present work, the comparative analysis of various structures is performed using ETABS. The main aim of the project is comparative study of the stiffness of the structure by considering the three models that is Regular Structure, structure with ground storey as the soft storey and vertical irregular structure. All these three models are analysed with static and dynamic earthquake loading. The results are tabulated and graphs are plotted for displacement, drift, base shear and time period. Based on the results and discussion the structural behaviour and stiffness is concluded for regular and irregular structures and it was found that Vertical irregular building frames experience larger base shear than similar regular building frames. The stiffness irregular building experienced lesser base shear and has larger inter storey drifts. The storey shear force was found to be maximum for the first storey and it decreased to a minimum in the top storey in all cases.

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The paper mainly focuses on a new design of Low Power Conventional level shifter with a 45nm CMOS technology and simulated in Symica tool. The Conventional level shifters are designed with the six transistors, eight transistors and ten transistors. The parameters being observed for the proposed circuit design are average power dissipation, average noise and leakage voltage. This type of conventional level shifter requires two different voltage supplies: the input logic signal voltage supply (VDD Low) and output logic signal voltage supply (VDD High). The voltages are used for the proposed working of the design circuits are from 0.2 volt to 0.7 volt. Level shifter circuits are more commonly used for an interface with different voltage domain in System on chip (SoC) and modern ICs. It has been known that conventional level shifter has the ability to achieve low power operation and converts high voltage digital input signals to high voltage digital output signals. A conventional level shifter is capable of ability to with stand extremely low voltage input. It is used to change or shift any voltage level to a desired required voltage level. The level shifter satisfies the required needs of lower power application systems and also used for ICs and system on chip (SoC) modules.

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In both rural and urban areas, supplying adequate water to meet increasing population water demand is a major challenge faced by decision-makers in developing countries like India. This is as a result of the failure of conventional or municipal water supply systems to meet the challenges of providing clean water for the population. People result to digging shallow and deep wells indiscriminately to supplement their daily water needs. As a result, the groundwater table would have been falling, causing hydrological imbalance. Domestic Roof-water Harvesting (DRWH) and groundwater recharge provide innovative solution to the inadequate water supply. In this study, a complete RWH technology was designed and constructed for a household, where public water system was non-existent. The RWH technology was incorporated into the existing shallow well water system. Water samples from the RWH system and shallow well were analyzed using standard methods. The values were below WHO guideline limits for drinking water. Safety measures were taken to ensure that the harvested rainwater was of good quality. The study revealed that RWH technology is a viable and reliable water supply option in both urban and rural areas for domestic purposes.

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The use of native materials in construction of buildings is one among the potential ways in which to support property development in each urban and rural areas. This analysis describes the behavioral study of different fibers in concrete structure. As a result of these posses smart binding property in concrete. Several researches area unit being conducted to make concrete more sustainable and of a lot of strength and durability.

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Estimating is the technique of calculating or computing the various quantities and the expected Expenditure to be incurred on a particular work or project. In case the funds available are less than the estimated cost the work is done in part or by reducing it or specifications are altered, the following requirement are necessary for preparing an estimate. Drawings like plan, elevation and sections of important points, Detailed specifications about workmanship & properties of materials etc, Standard schedule of rates of the current year. It also aims in finding out the probable cost, or the estimated cost of the project based on the computation of quantities and different types of estimation methods.

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A mix proportion was established to supply 10 different concrete mixtures using 0, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% of different fiber use in concrete. The water-cement ratio of 0.42 is used. The water-cement ratio of 0.42 is used. The steel fiber reinforced concrete gives 20.58% compressive strength increase with addition of 1% steel fiber volume of concrete with compared with normal mix. The glass fiber reinforced concrete gives 14.32% compressive strength increase with addition of 1% glass fiber volume of concrete with compared with normal mix. The polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete gives 16.24% compressive strength increase with addition of 1% polypropylene fiber volume of concrete with compared with normal mix.

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In dynamic information environment, the amount of information is increasing rapidly. So, there is a need to organize such information. Data Mining provides various techniques to mine the data. In this paper we have analyzed various clustering algorithms. Clustering algorithms are used to cluster the data into different groups.

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The foundation is the most important part of any structure and to ensure that the foundation is stable, the soil beneath has to be strong, thus playing a critical role. Expansive soils are weaker than conventional sols, and India has almost 20% of expansive soil cover. An attempt has been made to study the stabilization of an expansive soil such as black cotton soil using a combination of rice husk ash, lime and stone dust in different proportions.

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The manufacturing sector is steadily advancing and requires extensive use of skilled operators with highly specialized domain knowledge. This knowledge is not available in books and documents but is rather embedded within the specialists in the form of experience, tacit and heuristic knowledge. It is empirical that this knowledge be made more approachable and reusable for transfer. This paper introduces those pain points, presents shortcomings of existing knowledge management systems and further proposes a novel architecture and framework for knowledge management, retention and transfer.

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An ad-hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any existing infrastructure or centralized administration. The communication in ad hoc networks can be direct or through multiple hops in between. Quality of Service (QoS) is concerned with providing a minimum guarantee to the services such as bandwidth, throughput, end to end delay, jitter delay, etc. There are an increasing number of real-time and multimedia applications requiring quality of service (QoS) guarantees. This paper simulates mobile ad hoc networks with three different protocols: AODV, DSR and DSDV. By varying certain parameters such as pause time and number of nodes, its effect on QoS provided by these protocols and their suitability to various applications requiring some minimum level of QoS will be determined. This paper intends to bring about a comparative analysis of these three methods vis-à-vis end to end delay, packet delivery fraction and throughput. This paper studies the performance of a routing protocol vis-à-vis pause time and varying network size. The number of nodes in MANET significantly affects the network performance and hence the QoS. The pause time of nodes, which defines the mobility pattern, is another important factor.

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Now a days, vulnerability is a major issue in computer security. The password is used in Authentication process which provides security up to a specific level. Also, Captcha is used for online purposes. But it is just to verify if the user is a bot or a human. In our project, we will be using Captcha as a Graphical Password (CaRP). CaRP is a series or sequence of clicks which lead towards the formation of password. Hence, making it more secured and more protected from the attacks of the attacker.

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In this paper study presents the design, analysis and fabrication of “MULTIPURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE”. This mechanical machine is designed to perform multi operations specially drilling, cutting and grinding. The machine is designed to perform all the operations at same time with desired speed. The mechanism is fully automatic driven by 0.5hp electric motor. This machine is based on the mechanism of Scotch yoke mechanism and belt drive. This model of the multi operational machine may be used in industries and domestic operation which can perform mechanical operation like drilling, cutting & grinding of a thin metallic as well as wooden model or body. In this study literature review and problem identification is performed.

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Enterprise Overseer Analysis System (EOAS) is used in the computerization of attendance report. An EOAS can handle roles such as Administration, Manager, and Field officers of the enterprise. The system is easy to use and economical in terms of time and cost. Business Intelligence can be obtained by performing data analytics with the data obtained in the database. The proposed android application is easy to use easily configurable as well as economical in terms of time and cost. Moreover it can be easily adapted on any android device and used for attendance marking and analysis purpose. Implementation of the proposed system will be extremely beneficial for the enterprise as it will monitor attendance as well the enterprise turnover at required intervals of time.

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Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) are dynamic in nature. Any nodes can join and leave the network at any time. Hence any type of intruders can attack the communication at any time, especially the routing mechanism between the nodes. The base research by Dubey et. al [3] developed an intrusion detection and prevention system on AODV protocol. This research had a major drawback that it allowed a packet loss of minimum 5 to 6% which is quite high and also the methodology increased the energy consumption in network thereby reducing the lifetime. In this research, timestamp and hopcount analysis based black hole attack detection and prevention scheme is proposed that can be used to guard against black hole nodes in MANETs. The proposed scheme modifies the basic AODV protocol to add few extra headers in the RREQ and RREP packets to perform the intrusion detection and prevention. This packet passes on with every hop to reach the final node in path and all the checks for blackhole detection like hopcount check are performed at every hop. A path with hopcount going beyond max hopcount value is rejected. The proposed technique detects the prescence of both single and collaborative blackhole attacks. The blackhole detected is then added to the blacklist of packet and then each node in path updated for blacklist. This list is transmitted to every node with RREQ to broadcast the detection of a new blackhole node and then the malicious node gets isolated. The research concept was programmed in matlab language by defining a MANET simulator and it confirms the efficiency of proposed technique and also doesn't degrade the network lifetime.

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Saline water is the most common pollutant in fresh ground water. Saline water intrusion occurs where saline water displaces or mixes with fresh water in an aquifer. The phenomenon can occur in deep aquifers with the upward advance of saline waters of geologic origin, in shallow aquifers from an invasion of sea water. Intrusion of saline water into heavily exploited aquifers is a serious problem that occurs in the coastal areas. Salt water intrusion into fresh groundwater formations generally results inadvertently from activities of man and natural causes. Coastal zones are among the most densely populated areas in the world. These regions face serious hydrological problems such as scarcity of fresh water, contamination of groundwater and seawater intrusion. The growth in global population and raising standards of living have increased water demands and pumping from aquifers. Excessive pumping has led to a dramatic increase in saltwater intrusion problems. Visakhapatnam is a fast growing city with rapid increase of population, (12, 98,896) 2011 Census. The water available to city is only through Megahdri gedda reservoir and Tatipudi reservoir. This water does not fulfill the requirement of city usage. So the ground water has become an important source but this ground water is being over abstracted and may result in salt water intrusion. The groundwater samples are collected from the four different areas along the coast. These samples are analyzed for standard tests like pH, conductivity, calcium, magnesium, chloride, total dissolved solids, total hardness and salinity. Through these tests quality of ground water in these areas is determined and the possible occurrence of salinity intrusion is studied the present studies are to observe the salt water intrusion conditions of the selected points and to assess freshness of water in order to check its potability. From four areas, fifteen samples are examined from Rama Krishna beach area to Lawson bay Colony area.

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A power system stabilizer (PSS) installed in the excitation system of the synchronous generator improves the small-signal power system stability by damping out low frequency oscillations in the power system. This paper introduces a neural network to tune the fuzzy-logic power system stabilizer (FPSS) which has been designed to provide a supplementary signal to the excitation system of the synchronous generator. This mechanism of tuning the FPSS by the neural network makes the FPSS adaptive to changes in the operating conditions. The performance of neuro-fuzzy power system stabilizer (NFPSS) is investigated by applying to a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system. The simulations have been tested under different fault conditions and the obtained results show that the proposed controller for stabilizing power system can provide very good damping characteristic, comparing with the conventional PSS and FPSS, through wide range of operating condition for power system and improves dynamic stability of the power system substantially.

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The present invention provides a manhole cover lifter having a key to be located in the manhole keyhole and a lever arrangement to provide the mechanical advantage for lifting the manhole cover. The key may be directly attached to the lever, or indirectly attached thereto by a lifting bar. A manually actuated, hydraulic manhole cover lifter comprises a frame mounted on wheels and adapted to straddle a manhole. An actuator is mounted on the frame. The actuator comprises a cylinder connected to a pump a magnet is connected to the cylinder for engagement with the metallic manhole cover. In a second embodiment, the lifter includes pivotal legs in order to be more compact for storage and transport. A winch can be utilized instead of a pump and cylinder arrangement and the manhole cover can be engaged either mechanically or magnetically.

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Dermatoglyphics marker pattern known as fingerprint, usually used as a biometric identity of person for different purpose of authentication, secure access IDs, national identity (Social security card, ADHAR Card, Passport) also as prime evidence in forensics investigation process. Fingerprint acquired globally as unique identity option, stored in various database for different medical process, research work, legal document testimony. Forensics investigation process includes fingerprint as a physical presence of person at crime scene as identification of prime suspect. In recent trend of law enforcement and forensics investigation, new research required to develop prognosis technique. Research shows, impulsivity and aggression as a cause of anti-social activity and motive direction to criminal intent. Executive function observed as impulsive control, strategic planning, flexibility, inter-dependent process memory, organization, multitasking, and empathy. Executive function study examines the mental health of subject (person). Offensive behavior and negative psychology is investigated as poor executive function. A forensics fingerprint prototype can be developed using Dermatoglyphics marker pattern in correlation with impulsivity factor and disordered executive function to identify anti-social personality as novel forensics step of law and justice system beneficial to nation.

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