Effective planning and control are viable to the success of today's garment industry. The function of development execution and delivery of garment industry product lines is becoming increasing time critical to be consistency successful season after season garment merchandiser must utilize powerful planning and control tools the merchandiser preparing a time and action plan including all the activities in the merchandiser process. The procedure for time and action plan. It should be noted that china the competitor of India use reduced lead time as a competitive advantage. This problem should be taken with great care and necessary steps to reduce the excess time of dispatch and supply goods at agreed time .To overcome this problem the organization should implement steps. This study reveals that root cause and its dimension which actually lead the delayed dispatch. Export merchandising is all about having the right goods at right time to the buyer. In this study the efficiency merchandising planning of pre-production activity is less. The delay in the buyer in the pre-production activity affect overall efficiency of merchandising planning. The approval from the buyer and the delay in trim sourcing are affect the efficiency of pre-production planning. Most of production processes are finished within the planned time.

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In a developing country like India there is a scarcity of land due to urbanization and industrialization, which led the way for construction of high rise multistorey buildings on hilly regions. The economic growth and rapid urbanization in hilly region has accelerated the real estate development. Due to this, population density in the hilly region has increased enormously. Therefore, there is popular and pressing demand for the construction of multistorey buildings on hill slope in and around the cities. Hill buildings are different from those in plains; they are very irregular and unsymmetrical in horizontal and vertical planes, and torsionally coupled. Hence, they are susceptible to severe damage when affected by earthquake ground motion. Past earthquakes [e.g. Kangra (1905), Bihar- Nepal (1934 & 1980), Assam (1950), Tokachi-Oki-Japan (1968), Uttarkashi-India (1991)][1], have proved that buildings located near the edge of stretch of hills or sloping ground suffered severe damages. Such buildings have mass and stiffness varying along the vertical and horizontal planes, resulting the center of mass and center of rigidity do not coincide on various floors. This requires torsional analysis; in addition to lateral forces under the action of earthquakes. Little information is available in the literature about the analysis of buildings on sloping ground. The investigation presented in this paper aimed at predicting the seismic response of RC buildings with different configuration on sloping and plain ground.

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In all Mechanical industry various types of machinery and different process activity involved in manufacturing process and during process human factor involved and assess the machine, work part, material handling equipment and others, some of the process lead to accident and near miss due to unsafe work practice. This project presents an effective safety culture and climate in mechanical industry and measures all possible potential hazards in the work. This project presents successful implementation of employees own risk assessment & control of occupational health and safety risk by way of 9 life safe step, hazard and risk assessment, safety procedure and standards requires the actions of properly trained individuals and implementing the safe work practice and too meet OH&S standard requirement, organization safety policy, mission and vision. While doing the occupational health and safety significant risk control stage the following hierarchy will be considered. Elimination, Substitution, Engineering Controls, Administrative controls, Personnel Protective equipment.

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Green computing is a way of reduce global warming and hazardous waste products. In today’s world, major issue is to achieve the efficient energy to minimize the electronic waste. In recent days, focus of IT companies and technology firm has been shifted towards green computing. As the number of electronic gadgets increasing day-by-day, so the amount of electricity consumed by them was too high. This in turn increases the toxic gases in atmosphere. Due to global warming various rules and regulation related to environmental facts forces manufactures of electronic equipment to meet various energy requirements. If the computer cannot be reused, should be recycled and the e-waste could be avoided. E-waste can be used for both recycling and refurbishing. This paper describes the issues of harmful impact to use of computers and to reduce energy consumption and save our natural resources.

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The effects Of additive formulations namely Hexagonal Boron Nitrate (hBN) on the viscosity index of lubricating oils (base oils) namely 20W40 temperatures 30 to 90 were investigated. The base oils were blended with the additives in different proportions. The results gave a viscosity index of 96 and 98 respectively for 20W40 without additives and with additives. The results revealed that 261 additive formulations gave the highest increase in viscosity in all proportions increasing as the weight of the additive increases. Generally, all the four additive formulations used improved the viscosities of all the blends in all the proportions and at both temperatures. The blends can be classified as very high viscosity index being above 110. This means that they will undergo very little change in viscosity with temperature extremes and so can be considered to have stable viscosity.

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Solar energy is rapidly gaining notoriety as an important means of expanding renewable energy resources. As such, it is vital that those in engineering fields understand the technologies associated with this area. Our project will include the design and construction of an arduino-based solar panel tracking system. Solar tracking allows more energy to be produced because the solar array is able to remain aligned to the sun. This solar tracker project is to keep the solar photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the sun throughout the year in order to make it more efficient. The dual axis solar photovoltaic panel takes astronomical data as reference and the tracking system has the capability to always point the solar array toward the sun and can be installed in various regions with minor modifications. The vertical and horizontal motion of the panel is obtained by taking altitude angle and azimuth angle as reference. The aim of our projects is to utilize the maximum solar energy through solar panel. For this a digital based automatic sun tracking system is proposed. This project helps the solar power generating equipment to get the maximum sunlight automatically thereby increasing the efficiency of the system. The solar panel tracks the sun from east to west automatically for maximum intensity of light. Solar energy is a very large, inexhaustible source of energy. Solar energy could supply all the present and future energy needs of the world on continuing basis. Solar energy has two other factors in the favor. Firstly, unlike fossil fuels and nuclear power, it is environmentally clean source of energy. Secondly, it is free and available in adequate quantities in almost all parts of the world where people live. Also it has no heavy mechanical section and is free from noise. Solar Tracker is a Device which follows the movement of the sun as it rotates from the east to the west every day. The main function of all tracking systems is to provide one or two degrees of freedom in movement. Trackers are used to keep solar collectors/solar panels oriented directly towards the sun as it moves through the sky every day. Using solar trackers increases the amount of solar energy which is received by the solar energy collector and improves the energy output of the heat/electricity which is generated. Solar trackers can increase the output of solar panels by 20-30% which improves the economics of the solar panel project.

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A secure data transfer framework is developed using a novel scheme based on data hiding. A separable reverse data hiding is designed in the image encryption in this approach. Initially the data owner encrypts the original image with an encryption image. Then, a sender compresses the image with least significant bits to create a sparse space to cover some additional data. With the data-hiding key, he/she can able to obtain additional data. In the same way with the encryption key he/she can decrypt the original image but cannot extract the additional data. In order to obtain the both image and additional data the user have to know both the keys.

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DDOS assault is the primary issue in all impromptu situation i.e. in MANAT and in remote sensor systems. In the Paper has an interruption identification framework in remote sensor organize which utilizes the peculiarity interruption location framework in which IDS utilizes two interruption recognition parameters, parcel gathering rate (PRR) and entomb landing time (IAT). In any case, just these two parameters are not totally adequate for interruption identification in remote sensor organize and in MANET. On the off chance that we likewise add different parameters into it to make it works all the more precisely. In our proposition we utilize diverse interruption recognition parameters in versatile Ad hoc arranges. We accept that a versatile specially appointed system contains at least two than two cell phones that are convey from each other through moderate hubs, every hub contain steering table, in our proposition we utilize AODV directing convention in all typical module assault module and IDS (interruption location framework) for counteractive action through assault. In this paper we reproduce the three distinctive condition comes about ordinary time, Attack time and IDS module. The versatility and adaptability brought by remote system made it conceivable in numerous applications. Among all the contemporary remote systems, Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a standout amongst the most vital and interesting applications. On the in opposition to conventional system design, MANET does not require a settled system framework; each and every hub fills in as both a transmitter and a beneficiary. Hubs discuss straightforwardly with each other when they are both inside a similar correspondence extend. Else, they depend on their neighbors to hand-off messages. The self-arranging capacity of hubs in MANET made it prominent among basic mission applications like military utilize or crisis recuperation. In any case, the open medium and wide dissemination of hubs make MANET powerless against malignant aggressors. For this situation, it is critical to create productive interruption identification components to shield MANET from assaults. In this paper, we propose and actualize another interruption discovery framework uniquely intended for MANETs. This venture is produced by utilizing Dotnet as Front end.

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In this paper, we break down the effect of system coding (NC) design on the execution of specially appointed systems with the thought of two critical variables, in particular, the throughput misfortune and the disentangling misfortune, which are together regarded as the overhead of NC. Specifically, physical-layer NC and arbitrary direct NC are embraced in static and versatile specially appointed systems (MANETs), separately. Besides, we portray the goodput and deferral/goodput tradeoff in static systems, which are likewise examined in MANETs for various portability models and transmission plans. Additionally, the ideal setup of NC, which comprises of the information measure, age size, and NC Galois field, is inferred to enhance the deferral/goodput tradeoff and goodput. The hypothetical outcomes exhibit that NC does not achieve arrange pick up on delay/goodput tradeoff for each system model and plan, aside from the flooding plan in an arbitrary. portability display. In any case, the goodput change is shown for all the proposed plots in portable systems. To our best learning, this is the primary work to research the scaling laws of NC execution and design with the thought of coding overhead in impromptu systems. Our streamlining objective is to limit the normal cost of redressing (i.e., diagnosing and repairing) all flawed overlay hubs that can't appropriately convey information. Rather than first checking the in all likelihood defective hubs as in ordinary blame restriction issues, we demonstrate that an ideal system should begin with checking one of the competitor hubs, which are recognized in view of a potential capacity that we create. This task proposes a few proficient heuristics for deriving the best hub to be checked in extensive scale systems. By broad recreation, this task demonstrate that we can surmise the best hub and that initially checking the applicant hubs instead of the in all probability flawed hubs can diminish the checking expense of remedying every single broken hub. This venture is created in VB.Net as front – end.

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HCCI engine for the automobile industry pertinent the state-of-the-art in R & D on an international basis, as a one-stop reference works. HCCI – also referred to as Controlled Auto Ignition (CAI), Active Thermo-Atmosphere Combustion (ATAC), Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI), Homogeneous Charge Diesel Combustion (HCDC), premixed lean Diesel Combustion (PREDIC) and Compression-Ignited Homogeneous Charge (CIHC) – is the most commonly used name for the auto ignition of various fuels and is a process still under investigation. Experiments were conducted in a modified single cylinder water-cooled diesel engine, employing our conceptual system known as transient state fuel induction This system can there by improve fuel Economy & reduced Emissions over Vehicle Operating Entirely from Liquid Fuel. When HCCI combustion is operated at richer fuel/air mixtures, knocking can occur. In conclusion, HCCI combustion in a production engine is therefore limited by two main regimes.1.Lean Air to Fuel (A/F) ratio limit – Leading to incomplete combustion, which results to low power and high HC and CO emissions.2. Rich A/F ratios limit Leading to knocking if the rate of pressure rise is too high causing damage to the engine or high NOx emissions due to high combustion temperatures. I used in my experiment is Biodiesel Mixture.

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promising and emerging wireless technologies that can efficiently increase the data transmission rate, improves system coverage, and enhances the link reliability .By employing multiple antennas both at transmitter and receiver side, MIMO techniques enables a new dimension–the spatial dimension–that can be utilized in different ways to combat the impairments of wireless channels. In MIMO system technology, there is inter symbol interference present between the symbols. This paper is focussed on Equalization techniques for Rayleigh Flat fading and Rician Flat fading. It is a well-known technique for combating inter symbol interference. Furthermore, in this paper, we have discussed sphere decoder for MIMO wireless communication system. We analyze the performance of Sphere Decoder with other equalization techniques like Zero forcing(ZF),minimum mean squared error equalizer(MMSE) and maximum likelihood decoder by comparing the Bit error rate(BER). Simulation has been done on MATLAB and result shows that SD provides us the better result in comparison to other techniques for a 2 x 2 MIMO using BPSK in Rayleigh flat fading channel as well as in Rician flat fading.

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Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in agriculture is an emerging field focusing on the enhancement of agricultural and rural development in India. The advancement of ICT can be utilized for providing accurate and timely relevant information and services to the farmers, thereby facilitating an environment for remunerative agriculture. This paper describes a mobile based application for farmers which would help them in their farming activities. We propose an android based mobile application – KrishiMitra which would take care of the updates of the different agricultural commodities, weather forecast updates, agricultural news updates. The application has been designed taking Indian farming in consideration.

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India is set to be an agricultural based country and approximately 75% of the peoples are dependent on farming directly or indirectly, in this agriculture sector there is a lot of field work, such as weeding, reaping, sowing etc. Apart from these operations, spraying is also an important operation to be performed by the farmer to protect the cultivated crops from insects, pests, fungi and diseases for which various insecticides, pesticides, fungicides and nutrients are sprayed on crops for protection.

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Mobile health system has a new patient centric model. In this system patients data are collected through wearable sensors, aggregation and encryption of these data at mobile devices. This encrypted data uploaded to the cloud. This data are stored on the cloud. This data are access by healthcare staff and researcher.

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The paper concentrates on controlling and monitoring of the home water discharge model. The model is focused on saving water and encouraging user to do so by turning the normal faucets into voice controlled one including sensing of flow rate, where there would be central hub picking the voices and sending the discharge data to the user’s Android phone through an application.

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Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is a self configurable, infrastructure less, autonomous and self healing system of nodes communicating through wireless channels without any fixed backbone support. The omni-directional antennas transmit and receive the power in all directions, this leads to the high noise interference. These interference constraints reduce the signal quality of reception. The proposed model is a framework for implementing adaptive antenna technique in MANET. The proposed system focuses on adaptive antenna, which can place nulls in the direction of interference via adaptive updating of weights linked to each antenna element. They thus cancel out most of the co-channel interference resulting in better quality of reception. In this proposed technique a multi beam adaptive antenna have been used and a framework of a cross layer approach of topology control that communicate with the routing layer and MAC layer and meet the necessary QOS of various data streams. This approach is fully distributed. When the network is initialized the algorithm makes an initial connected topology and the routing algorithm uses this topology to discover paths for the current communications. The proposed method is implemented using Network Simulator-2. And the QOS parameters are compared with the existing method.

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A rover is a vehicle designed to move across the surface of a planet or other celestial body. Rocker Bogie Suspension is special type of suspension for robot. Some rovers have been designed to transport members of a human spaceflight crew; others have been partially or fully autonomous robots. So here was fabricating this concept is to enduring the all type of the terrains. The motion of the rover is controlled by individual motor and these motors are interfaced by an Arduino microcontroller. We use Arduino as a controller due to its cheap cost and easy to program and interface with other components. This project is to design the robot to help for disabled person to pick and place necessary object by controlling it through wireless controller. It consists of wireless camera to have a live video that will help them to navigate the robot easily. The main advantage of using this project that it can climb steps without any difficulties. It consists of a buzzer system that will be helpful in case of emergency situation. By using this project on real time will provide a helpful and comfort condition to the disable people.

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The main theme of our project is to monitor the brake system at every moment. Today accidents occur due to lot of reasons, the one of the main reasons is the brake failure. It caused to due to poor maintenance as well as product defect. In order to save the valuable human life from accidents, the monitoring of brake is an essential thing in automobile. Vehicle safety is the avoidance of automobile accidents or the minimization of harmful effects of accidents, in particular as pertaining to human life and health. Special safety features have been built into vehicles occupants only, and some for the safety of others. The braking system of a car is undoubtedly one of its more important features. The aim of this work is to create a better braking system with indicator. Automatic brake failure detector consists of pressure and LVDT sensor circuit, control unit and the wheel and the brake arrangement. The sensor is used to detect the brake failure and indicate to the driver.

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Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA) are consists of crushed concrete, inert particles developed from the materials that have been previously used in the structural constructions and demolition debris. The main objective of this thesis is to determine the strength characteristics of the recycled coarse aggregates for the application in the high strength structural concrete (HSSC), which will offer an improved understanding on the properties of concrete with recycled aggregates, as an unconventional material to coarse aggregate i.e. natural aggregate in structural concrete. The main objective of this thesis is to determine and compare the strength of concrete by using different percentage of the recycled aggregates. Recycled Coarse Aggregate is furthermore the type of artificial aggregate which is extracted from the Construction and demolition wastes. The Constructions and demolitions are processes that go one after the other. The demolished building aggregate in India normally goes to waste in land filling operation. Recycling of these waste materials from building demolition can supply a better solution to this problem. The research investigation was carried out using the sieve analysis test, Specific gravity test, Water absorption test, Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) test, Crushing value test, Workability test (Slump cone test) and compressive strength test. There were total of five batches of concrete mixes, consisting of every 25% increment of recycled aggregate replacement, from 0 % to 100 % i.e. 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%.

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The purpose of this report is to verify how an ordinary differentiable equation is applicable in first order circuits. In this, the concept of Kirchoff's Current Law is used, by constructing a basic and simple circuit containing resistors, capacitors and inductors. The purpose of the report also includes measuring the current through each resistors and the voltage at each nodes in the circuit. In this study, we have derived some results using Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) in first order circuits with different voltages and different types of circuits like RL and RC both in series and parallel. Using this we can examine the resistors or capacitors with respect to time and thereby checking the efficiency of circuits.

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The first construction of the fuel supply system with electronically controlled direct injection system was introduced into batch production in 1996 by the Japanese Mitsubishi concern, in the Carisma model with the 4G93 GDI engine. The innovative solution made the disposed power and maximal moment grow by 10%, and the elementary fuel consumption fell by 20% in relation to the formerly used engine with indirect fuel injection system.

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Use of natural refrigerant R290 can play a vital role in fulfilling the objectives of the international protocols like Montreal and Kyoto. Because of environmental problems such as ozone depletion and global warming, R22 needs to be phased out on urgent basis. This paper analyzes the possibilities of R290 as a potential substitute to R22.Thermodynamic performance analysis of refrigerants R290 and R22 was carried out using standard vapour compression cycle, with evaporating temperature range of - 25°C to 10°C for the condensing temperature of 45°C, based on analytical calculations. Refrigerant properties were obtained from. Performance parameters like, discharge temperature, volumetric refrigerating capacity and required mass flow of refrigerant were found to be lower with R290 when compared to R22.Coefficient of performance with R290 is slightly lower than that of with R22. However, higher COP can be expected by especially designed system pertaining to the properties of R290.Overall, R290 can be a better substitute to R22 in real applications because of its excellent environmental and thermos physical properties.

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Externally Helical wire wound Double pipe heat exchanger (DPHE) or concentric tube heat exchanger is a modified form of simple DPHE as in this case a copper wire is externally wounded over outer periphery of inner tube of DPHE. This modification increases some thermal efficiency as compare to simple DPHE. This kind of heat exchanger is widely used in chemical, food, oil and gas industries. Commonly methods used by the researchers to enhance the heat flow rate are Active method, Passive method and compound method. And present work is based on passive method. In the present work experiment is carried out on double pipe heat exchanger in which hot water is flowing through inner tube where as cold water is flowing through the annulus and hot water to cold water heat exchange is taken into consideration. During the experiment cold water flow rate is kept constant at 45LPH (liters per hour) where as hot water flow rate is varies from 15LPH to75LPH. Two twisted tape inserts of different lengths as one is full and another is half of same pitch length of 2.5" insert are used and inlet and outlet temperature of hot and cold water is measured by K type thermocouple to calculate different parameters of double pipe heat exchanger like Effectiveness, LMTD, Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient and Heat Transfer for performance in parallel and counter flow arrangement.

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The green city is the broadest economic sector and plays important role in the overall economic development of a nation. Technological advancement in the area of agriculture will ascertain to increase the competence of certain farming activities.in this paper we have proposed a novel methodology for smart plantation by linking a smart sensing system and smart irrigator system through wireless communication technology. Our system focuses on measurement of physical parameter such as soil moisture content, plant health status (live or dead), temperature that plays vital role in plant activities. An automatic irrigation control system has been designed to facilitate the automatic supply of adequate of water from a reservoir to field or domestic crops in all agricultural seasons. One of the objectives of this work is to see how human control could be removed from irrigation and also to optimize the use of water in the process. The method employed is to continuously monitor the soil moisture level to decide whether irrigation is needed, and how much water is needed in the soil. A pumping mechanism is used to deliver the needed amount of water to the soil. The work can be grouped into four subsystems namely; power supply, sensing unit, control unit and pumping subsystems which make up the automatic irrigation control system.

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The aim of this paper is to estimate of energy analysis of ammonia-water vapour absorption refrigeration (VAR) system using EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software. Engineering Equation Solver makes available many built-in thermo-physical properties mathematical relations useful for thermal systems. Systematic procedure is presented for predicting thermodynamic properties of ammonia-water. Under energy analysis, specific enthalpy is evaluated at every thermodynamic state of vapour absorption refrigeration cycles and heat transfer rate or heat load are also estimated for major components of vapour absorption refrigeration systems which are represented in tabular form. Heat load in major components of absorption refrigeration system is compared with the past published work. Comprehensive thermodynamic design data are also estimated and obtained under the energy analysis of vapour absorption refrigeration system. These thermodynamic design data can also be used in fixing operating setting for existing or future systems and maintain automatic control on optimum operation of the systems. First law performance parameters coefficient of performance is also calculated for different refrigerant operated vapour absorption refrigeration system. Literature of Engineer’s Equation Solver software is also presented in this work. This Engineer’s Equation Solver software is very user friendly and it can be used by any non-technical person for estimating coefficient of performance of any single stage vapour absorption refrigeration (VAR) system.

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