Eco friendly technology is the key to development. The study was aimed at developing 100% natural yellow colour for dyeing of wool without the use of any synthetic matter as mordant. Generally natural dyes require a mordant for improvement in properties of dyes. Through this study an effort has been made to develop an optimized procedure for dyeing of wool with pure natural turmeric dye with all required good properties. The conventional method of dyeing involves extraction of dye in aqueous solution by boiling for a considerable amount of time. This dyeing method makes the dye dull and unappealing. To overcome this problem a different method of dying was tried and tested. Experiments were conducted to achieve the optimized procedure for dyeing of wool with turmeric. Standard procedures were developed to for dyeing of wool with different dyeing methods. No synthetic material was used at any stage throughout the process. The final samples were tested for light and washing as per standards laid by BIS.

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We knew that there various types of WSN protocols has been proposed from many research proposals time to time to enhance the services and security from different attacks like Hello Message Attack, Flood Attack and DoS attacks, in this paper we concentrate on among multiple is DoS attack, since DoS attack is a very famous category which gets affect system performance simultaneously using fake node such node need to be identify before getting control over the origin server and to avoid DoS situation we design a new protocol called Efficient Robust Routing Protocol which manage sensor network along with shield based networking framework to get eliminate unauthorized access of original server node through intermediate intruders ,so that our primary objective is to detect such intruders nodes before connection and to improve routing efficiency in WSN network. In this paper we carried out the result of proposed algorithm using NS2 simulator to get evaluate performance parameters.

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Transmission line is an integrated system consisting of conductor subsystem, ground wire subsystem and one subsystem for each category of support structure. Mechanical supports of transmission line represent a significant portion of the cost of the line and they play an important role in the reliable power transmission. They are designed and constructed in wide variety of shapes, types, sizes, configurations and materials. In general, most towers may be idealized as statically determinate and analyzed for wind forces as per IS 875 part 3:1987. Revised code IS 875 is introduced in 2015. In revised code IS 875: Part 3-2015, loading and design parameters are changed. After implementation this code for suspension and angle transmission tower the analysis and design results are varies with respect to code IS 875:Part 2-1987 and EN 1991-1-4:2005.They are carried out.

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In this 21 Century (RDIC) enables a data storage server to prove to a verified that it is actually storing a Customer or User data truthfully. up to now, a number of RDIC protocols have been planned in the literature, but most of the construction undergo from the issue of a difficult key management, that is, they rely on the cheap public key Infrastructure, which might hinder the deployment of RDIC in practice. In this paper, we propose a new construction of identity-based (ID-based) RDIC protocol by making use of key-homomorphism cryptographic primitive to reduce the system complexity and the cost for establish and manage the public key authentication template in PKI based RDIC schemes. We formalize ID-based RDIC and its security model including security against a malicious cloud server and zero knowledge privacy against a third party verified. The proposed ID-based RDIC protocol leaks no information of the stored data to the verified during the RDIC process. The new construction is prove secure against the malicious server in the generic group mode and achieves zero knowledge privacy against a verified. Wide security study and execution results demonstrate that the proposed protocol is prove secure and practical in the real-world applications.

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So many different type of plastic are available in market, their properties, their impact, their production rate, that all type of factor are derive to make a good and beneficial plastic for us. Generally plastic are not naturally occurring. The lots of research and development to identify the material which has tendency to development same properties of material which have stability and durability of plastic material and easily decomposed and not any harm to environment. The depending the large number of requirement of plastic materials which fulfil our needs and easily carrying that material to use. The production rate of plastic in the world is about 100 million tonnes per annum and it is growing at 4% annum and in India too, at present time to see a large number of productions based on petro plastic polymer. That does not sustain on environment so we need to a new product that have bioplastic, same type of properties, durability, good efficiency and eco-friendly to sustainable plastic. The present research work on a Bioplastic material by using foods waste mainly banana peels, potato peels, papaya peels, corn starch or some other food and vegetable waste and confirms the polymer is Bioplastic. One of most significant result obtained during the research is degradation To use of Bioplastic material by using the food waste and vegetable waste depending on their structure and properties of materials the tractability of the biodegradation polymer are quite similar to ideal plastic and they can play a virtual role in this market for sustainable use and commercial value provided.

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In this paper, we introduce an inclusion measure for interval neutrosophic sets, which is one of information measures of interval neutrosophic theory. Using the concept of inclusion measure based on various distance measure, we develop a simple inclusion measure for ranking the interval neutrosophic sets. Though having a simple measure for calculation, the inclusion measure presents a new approach for handling the interval neutrosophic information.

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Heat exchanger is an important device in all the thermal systems. The heat exchanger is widely used equipment in different industries such as process, petroleum refining, chemicals, pharmaceutical and paper etc. After studying different literature about heat exchanger and double pipe heat exchanger problem is identified as to perform simulation and experimental investigation of double pipe heat exchanger with inner twisted tape inserted different mass flow rate. The system has followed different types of flow arrangement and geometric dimension with circular tape to attain heat transferred in experimental result and compare with simulation result. The objective of these experiments is Performance analysis of double pipe heat exchanger with inner and outer twisted tape at different mass flow rate. The experimental set up consists of double pipe heat exchanger experiment. The apparatus includes tube-within-a-tube heat exchangers and twisted tape type inserted threaded thermocouple at each end, a water pump and electric motor. These methods used to find out the heat transfer rate from the surface and related temperature of fluid motions also used to find the effectiveness.

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Block chain technology is a distributed transaction technology that is open but secure and public but - at same time -private. It is initially created to provide a distributed ledger of financial transactions whereas every new transaction needs to be authenticated to be added to the chain. This technology has been extended to multiple transaction. This technologies has been extended to multiple transactions involving activity such as legal matters, medical records, insurance billing, and smart contracts. One of the most important thing is that block chain technology is important to healthcare professionals in such a way so they can revolutionize medical database interoperability. This interoperability can help improve access to medical records, imaging archives, prescription databases. It is used to describe the medical history of patient's for better medicine purpose, block chain technology has an ability to make dramatically changes in health care. This paper describes about the current issues of health care in India and how block chain technology can useful for patient's to improve the healthcare system in India.

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Eco friendly construction techniques are gaining immense importance nowadays. Many innovations have come in pavement construction and design. The use of reclaimed aggregates in constructing pavements is one among them. Reclaimed aggregates come mainly from two sources - construction & demolition waste and asphalt pavements. The optimized use of reclaimed aggregates along with fresh aggregates helps decrease construction cost without compromising strength and durability. It also minimizes the use of virgin aggregate and helps decrease crude oil import for producing paving bitumen. Reclaimed material is first crushed and screened before using. Tests are then conducted to analyse its properties. Only those batches which satisfy standard conditions are used. Reclaimed aggregate pavements hence help pavement rehabilitation with minimum energy expenditure. This paper deals with the tests on reclaimed aggregate and their property study. The various sources and means of retrieving aggregate from reclaimed material are also dealt with.

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For analog signal processing non-linear operation on signal is required there are several applications where analog signals need to be multiply/ divide and squaring is required such as modulation, AGC etc. The non-linearity of conventional bipolar transistor can be used for multiplication by using trans-linear operation but the large size and power consumption limits the use of BJT. Extension of trans-linear operation to MOS transistors solves the issue of size and power consumption but the scaling of MOS transistor produces several errors. Such error can be resolved by using two transistor and a resistor in trans-linear loop. In this paper a current mode four quadrant current multiplier was designed that uses current squaring and subtract identity to achieve multiplication. The circuit is designed at 0.25 µm CMOS technology at 1.8 V dual power supply.

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Diesel engine is a very important prime mover and to run diesel engine fuels are required. Due to the shortage of conventional fossil fuels there is need to use alternative fuels extracted from waste like fish oil which contains discarded body parts of fish. To check the performance of internal combustion engine vibration analysis plays an important role. In this paper using lab view setup vibration signals are collected through data acquisition system by attaching accelerometer on cylinder head of internal combustion engine by considering statistical factors like kurtosis, crest factor, RMS, skewness and FFT. By considering these factors we compare vibrating signals for diesel-fish oil blends viz, B1 (15% fish oil + 85% diesel), B2(30% fish oil + 70% diesel) and B3(45% fish oil + 55% diesel). The experimentation was carries out at different loading condition, load 0kg to 12kg in step of 3 in three different directions for cylinder head. After experimentation it is concluded that use of diesel-fish oil blends in internal combustion engine will reduce the vibration as compare to no blend condition, where kurtosis isa better criterion for vibration analysis.

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Rainfall-runoff process of a watershed is important for water resources planning, flood forecasting, design flood estimation through rainfall runoff process, and many other applications. For a mathematical simulation of this phenomenon, controlled set of experiments were conducted to investigate this process through experimentation on the catchment system placed over a rainfall simulator to obtain runoff hydrograph data. The experiments were carried out over an impermeable plane surface (smooth metal sheet), with a uniform rectangular cross section of dimension one meter wide and two meter long. Laboratory experiments were conducted to know behavior of this phenomenon using rainfall simulator. In this project, stream flow from a single storm, stream flow from multiple storms, stream flows with reservoir storage experiments are performed. Result and conclusion are found out on the basis of experiments performed.

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The main purpose of the proposed work is to design and implementation of L and S-band compact reconfigurable dual-mode band-pass filters using Hybrid Microwave Integrated Circuits HMIC which is useful in advanced wireless communication for the smart city. The advanced wireless communication systems require cost effective, high Q, and compact blocks with high performance. Microwave filters are the basic building blocks with frequency-selective or filtering functionality in the development of various wireless systems that operate at frequency ranges above 300 MHz, Filter block play a key role in effectively transmitting the desired signals in certain pass-band regions while attenuating all the undesired signals in the remaining band-stop regions.

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The testing of the various parameters of a parking brake lever are checked manually in the industry which is not proving to be an efficient method of testing, resulting in an increase in the product rejection. So the development of this testing rig will ensure to minimize the gap between customer expectation and actual product.

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India is a creating nation and security of road is still in an untimely stage. Accident severity is expanding in expanding request because of expanding in vehicle populace. Accident prompts disablement, demise, harm to wellbeing and property, social enduring and general corruption of condition. The street mischance circumstance in India is disturbing. Records demonstrate that there is one passing at regular interval in view of street mischance. Road accidents inflict heavy economic loss to the country. Road safety is necessary to lessen mishap including both human and vehicles there by making the street more sheltered and easy to use to movement. NH-53 is one of the major connectivity from Mumbai to Kolkata which takes into the account the need of transportation of light goods to heavy goods and travelers. Study area was undertaken on road NH-53 from Charoda to Bhilai Power House with distance of 8km in Chhattisgarh state. The steel based power plants and steel industries have been set up since 1955. The study Stretch is a major connectivity to a heavy traffic area. The no of accidents is expanding every year because of expanding vehicles population. The area in a roadway where the traffic accident frequently is called a black spot. The accident information is investigated using accident frequency and seriousness record strategy. The safety deficiencies were identified to limit accidents and save the road users. The inadequacies alongside the measures for further improvement have been presented in next paper.

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Segmentation is one of the most critical means of image processing and data analysis approach. The aim of segmentation is to classify an image into parts that have a strong correlation with objects in order to reflect the actual information collected from the real world. Clustering is a major global approach for segmentation and it relies on partition of images into a set of layers or regions for further analysis. The image segmentation by clustering basically refers to grouping similar data points into different clusters. In this article, an unsupervised clustering technology is proposed for processing large scale satellite images taken from remote celestial sites. As an effective approach, K-means clustering method requires that certain number of clusters for partitioning be specified and its distance metric be defined to quantify relative orientation of objects. Then image processing system forms clusters from input patterns. Diversified large scale image features are investigated using unsupervised methods. In the meanwhile, to limit computational complexity for the consideration of real time processing, a simple study is conducted in the satellite image of Nagapattinam-Vedaranniyam area, first classify the features in the image with the help of unsupervised classification then we apply the segmentation approach in the unsupervised classified image and find out the Mud affected area in these part using this approach.

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Aluminium have low density, high ductility, high strength and more wear resistance. These are excellent mechanical properties of aluminium while compare with other materials. They are used highly in aerospace and automobile industries. From the above information, we developed an Al – SiC MMC brake disc for four wheelers by Stir Casting method in the ration of 95%:5% and 90%:10%. We have conducted various mechanical tests on brake disc and compared its mechanical properties. Designing and analysis of brake disc is done by CATIA V6 and ANSYS 16.0.

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In this research paper,we use single cylinder spark ignition engine with oxy-hydrogen generator, bubbler to run Bajaj 110cc engine on water as secondary fuel. In which Bubbler is component used for the safety purpose in case of backfire from engine. As we uses mixture of gasoline and hydrogen as fuel. It reduce the consumption of gasoline & increases the mileage of vehicle. The performance and emission characteristics with hydrogen and gasoline are compared. From the results, it is found that there is a reduction of about 20% in the peak power output of the engine when operating with only hydrogen. The brake thermal efficiency with hydrogen is about 2% greater than that of gasoline. CO, CO2 and HC emissions were negligible with hydrogen operation. However, for hydrogen operation, NOx emission was four times higher than that of gasoline at full load power.

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Natural fiber composites are nowadays being used in various engineering applications to increase the strength and to optimize the weight and the cost of the product. The review of paper is to represent a general study of composite plate. The results are compared for different loading conditions and a suitable composite is selected for the research of sugarcane baggase fiber with polyurethane composite using plate. The study of mechanical properties of the composites was also investigated.

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The objective of this paper is to design differential low noise amplifier using different technologies. We have designed 2.4 GHz DLNA using 0.18µm CMOS process, the DLNA is biased at 1.8 v supply and perfectly matched with input impedance of 50Ω.Then designed 21GHz UWB DLNA using 0.13µm CMOS process , the amplifier is driven by 1.2v power supply and after that designed 4.1 GHz narrowband DLNA using 0.18 CMOS process, applicable for global positioning system receivers with bandwidth 90MHz and stability of design is also verified.

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In-painting is a type of art that rebuilt the missing data in an image. There are several proposed algorithms for this purpose in which exemplar based approach is the most broadly used. The objective of in-painting is to synthesize the missing part of an image in such a way that it looks suitable to the eye of viewer who is known to the original. Image inpainting is widely used to restore a damaged paintings and photographs or remove unwanted objects. Criminisi's exemplar-based inpainting combined "texture synthesis" and PDE-based inpainting that showed great efficiency on removal of large objects. However, this approach has certain weakness such as high time cost, visual inconsistency in some cases. In this paper, we improve the Criminsi's exemplar-based inpainting based on search strategy and color transfer. This new method is also suitable to all exemplar-based methods and the results show its effectiveness.

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The Image restoration is the recovery of an image that has been degraded by blur and noise. Degradation typically involves blurring of the original image and corruption noise. The recovery of an original image from degraded observations is of paramount importance and can find its application in several scientific areas including medical and diagnostics, authentication automated industry inspection, astronomical imaging and many areas. Image restoration assures good sights of image when it is subjected to further techniques of image processing. In this the presentation of results and comparisons of the restoration algorithms namely Weiner filter, the regularized filter and Lucy Richardson as implemented in MATLAB. The image which will be used that will be degraded by motion blur with Gaussian, Salt and pepper and speckle noise models respectively and restoration of same image using various algorithms mentioned above. The algorithm of image restoration, distinguish themselves from enhance method in that they are based on models for degrading process and for the ideal image.

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Cooperating jamming is an opportunistic communication technology designed to help the source node send the data simultaneously to cooperative node can selfish jammer node detected in multiple p2p communication networks. Selfish cooperative nodes are a serious security problem because they significantly degrade the performance of a P2P communication networks. The proposed work provides selfish cooperative jammer detection technique, called COOPON, which will detect the attacks of selfish cooperative nodes by the cooperation of other legitimate neighboring nodes. The COOPON algorithm make use of the autonomous decision capability of an ad-hoc communication network based on exchanged information among neighboring nodes.Our proposed COOPON selfish jammer node detection method is very reliable since it is based on deterministic information. We focus on selfish jammer node of neighboring nodes toward multiple p2p communication networks.

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Human Recognition is hastily improving in day-to-day life. Digital Image Processing (DIP) is a rapidly evolving field with blooming applications in Science and Engineering. The accuracy of human recognition system is mostly affected by varying lighting conditions. Due to the ability of millimeter waves (mmWs) to penetrate dielectric materials, such as plastic, polymer, and clothes, the mmW imaging technology has been widely used for the detection of concealed weapons and objects.The use of mmW images has also recently been proposed for biometric person recognition to overcome certain limitations in image acquisition at visible frequencies. The biometric recognition module of this work aims to perform person recognition through body shape-based and texture information extracted from GLCM using SVM classification. This project proposes a biometric person recognition system based on the shape information extracted from mmW images and texture feature extraction using Gray Level Co-occurrence (GLCM) technique is proposed. Extracted features are applied to SVM Classification technique for accurate person recognition from millimeter wave images. Experimental results suggest the potential of performing person recognition through mmW imaging using only shape information, a functionality that could be integrated in the security scanners deployed in airports.

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A home-made magnetic device was built with permanent magnets for treating scaling waters. Its efficiency was evaluated by measuring the remaining ionic calcium at the output of the device by means of an ion selective electrode. The scaling power of the treated water was estimated through an electrochemical scaling test. Chroamperometric curves and chronoelectrogravimetric curves were plotted to obtain the scaling time and the nucleation time of the scale deposition. The variation of the efficiency of the magnetic treatment was studied when the length of treatment, the flow velocity of the scaling water in the device, the material of the pipe where the scaling water flowed were changed. Magnetic water treatment does not change the chemistry of water but it alters the structure of water. Lorentz force is exerted on water ions the redirection of particles increases the frequency of collision between ions and opposite sides combining to form a mineral precipitate or in soluble compound scale deposits by natural waters often lead to numerous technical and economic problems in industrial plants and domestic equipment by blocking the flow of water in pipes or limiting heat transfer in heat exchange.

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