Fiber Laser Cutting is non-conventional machining process in which laser is generated and highly intense laser impinge onto the surface of the material to cut. Fiber laser cutting is newly developed process which is modified from simple laser cutting. Due to using fiber optics there is less power loss as compared to the laser cutting. Carbon Dioxide gases are used as the assist gas. This project work focuses on finding out the optimum parameters in CO2 laser cutting for Medium Density Fiber board. Input process parameters that are taken into consideration are operating power, cutting speed and focal point. The effect of input parameters on performance parameters such as surface roughness, kerf width will be experimentally noted and optimization of parameters is done with the help of Genetic Algorithm (GA) for CO2 as the assist gas. Response surface methodology has been used for DOE with Central Composite runs giving 20 runs for CO2 as the assist gas.

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Roads construction projects require large quantities of suitable soils as a filling material. However, in urban areas, when roads are constructed, suitable filling soils have to be hired with enormous costs. Thus main objective of this research was to stabilize weak subgrade soils mixing with rice husk and rice husk ash. Weak sub-grade soil was obtained from construction site near gomti river front in lucknow. Rice husk and rice husk ash were obtained from power plant in Gazipur and rice mills in study area, respectively. Forty-eight weak subgrade soil samples were mixed with stabilizers ( rice husk ) in different ratio and then 16 specimens were cured for 7 days while other 32 (2×16) samples were cured for 14 and 28 days, respectively. In order to find out maximum strength of each soil sample, different soil tests viz Atterberg Limits, Proctor Compaction, Swell Index (SI) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) were carried out. Results revealed that maximum CBR value was obtained, when 70% of soil blends with 8 to 10% of rice husk ash at 28 days curing period. Reason for the increment of CBR may be due to formation of cementitious compound in the mixture is due to chemical reactions of SiO2 in stabilizers and CaOH present in soils. Based on results, policy implications are discussed in relation to need of stabilizers in road construction projects in order to improve stabilizing weak subgrades while decreasing project cost and utilizing waste materials.

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Fiber Laser Cutting is non-conventional machining process in which laser is generated and highly intense laser impinge onto the surface of the material to cut. Fiber laser cutting is newly developed process which is modified from simple laser cutting. Due to using fiber optics there is less power loss as compared to the laser cutting. Carbon Dioxide gases are used as the assist gas. This project work focuses on finding out the optimum parameters in CO2 laser cutting for Medium Density Fiber board. Input process parameters that are taken into consideration are operating power, cutting speed and focal point. The effect of input parameters on performance parameters such as surface roughness, kerf width will be experimentally noted and optimization of parameters is done with the help of Genetic Algorithm (GA) for CO2 as the assist gas. Response surface methodology has been used for DOE with Central Composite runs giving 20 runs for CO2 as the assist gas.

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Distributed Generation Resources are increasingly used in distribution systems due to their great advantages. And this is further resulting in increased fault levels in electrical distribution systems, and this rising trend is expected to continue in the future. Using superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) is one of the best methods to minimize these problems comparing to the other conventional methods. This paper describes the factors that govern the selection of SFCL and CB combination by comparing different parameters such fault current level, active and reactive power. The total energy dissipated in an SFCL during a fault is particularly important.

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One of the major aims of system operator is to maintain system parameters within permissible limit. During certain period of time in a day load changes very rapidly, especially when it tends to increase, a generalized voltage decrement and stressed conditions for reactive power sources occurs. Maintaining Voltage profile under varying load conditions is need of today under unpredictable load scenario. This paper presents First the weak bus is identified using Predictor-Corrector method considering the proximity of the voltage collapse region on P-V Curve. Considering the weak bus as a best place for placement of reactive power improvement device voltage profile is being maintained. This process implement on IEEE5 bus system for voltage improvement for various loading.

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This investigation is mainly focused on the preliminary study on fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) based GPC using vermiculite (VM) as fine aggregate replacement at various levels (0%, 10%, 20%,30% ,40% and 50%). In this study, sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is used as alkaline activator. Test results revealed that the increased replacement level of vermiculite decreased the GPC properties. It can be concluded that the replacement levels of VM can be chosen based on the strength requirement GPC as per the requirement. The SCGC is suitably designed for vermiculite replacement with fine aggregate Up to 30% only and remaining percentage of vermiculite is not suitable like 40% and 50% Last and finally we are concluded 10%,20% and also 30% of vermiculite of fine aggregate is suitable for self-compacted geo polymer concrete (SCGC).

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Construction of highway involves huge outlay of investment. A precise engineering design may save considerable investment; as well as reliable performance of the in-service highway can be achieved. Two things are of major considerations in this regard – pavement design and the mix design. Our project emphasizes on the mix design considerations. A good design of bituminous mix is expected to result in a mix which is adequately strong, durable and resistive to fatigue and permanent deformation and at the same time environment friendly and economical. A mix designer tries to achieve these requirements through a number of tests on the mix with varied proportions of material combinations and finalizes the best one. This often involves a balance between mutually conflicting parameters. Bitumen mix design is a delicate balancing act among the proportions of various aggregate sizes and bitumen content. For a given aggregate gradation, the optimum bitumen content is estimated by satisfying a number of mix design parameters. Fillers play an important role in engineering properties of bituminous paving mixes. Conventionally stone dust, cement and lime are used as fillers. An attempt has been made in this investigation to assess the influence of non-conventional and cheap fillers such as brick dust and fly ash in bitumen paving mixes. It has been observed as a result of this project that bituminous mixes with these non-conventional fillers result in satisfactory Marshall Properties though requiring a bit higher bitumen content, thus substantiating the need for its use. The fillers used in this investigation are likely to partly solve the solid waste disposal of the environment.

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Access to safe drinking water is vital as a health and development issue at national, regional and local level. In this paper we present a design and development of a low cost system for monitoring the water quality with IoT (internet of things).The system consists of some sensors used as measuring physical and chemical parameter of the water. In most part of the world, ground water is the only and vital supply for invention of drinking water, particularly in areas where water supply is limited. A sensor is the tool that detects and responds to the external stimulus from the physical atmosphere. The external stimulus contains: motion, light, heat, moisture, pressure or any sudden changes in the atmosphere. The output of the sensors is usually a signal which can be converted into human understandable form. All the sensors are very sensitive to small changes. So, most of the sensors size is very small. In general sensors are classified based on the power or energy supply requirement of the sensors and those are: Active and Passive sensors. Active sensors are sensors that must power supply to be active. On the other side, Passive sensors do not want power supply to work. Bases on the output they formed, sensors may be classified as Analog Sensors and Digital Sensors. Analog Sensors are producing a continuous output signal which is generally relative to the quantity being measured. Digital Sensors produce a digital representation of the quantity being measured.

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Fly Ash bricks can be extensively used in all building constructional activities similar to that of common burnt clay bricks. The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks. Since fly ash is being accumulated as waste material in large quantity near thermal power plants and creating serious environmental pollution problems, its utilisation as main raw material in the manufacture of bricks will not only create ample opportunities for its proper and useful disposal but also help in environmental pollution control to a greater extent in the surrounding areas of power plants. Also 180 bil7lion tones of common burnt clay bricks are consumed annually approximately 340 billion tons of clay- about 5000 acres of top layer of soil dug out for bricks manufacture, soil erosion, emission from coal burning or fire woods which causes deforestation are the serious problems posed by brick industry. The above problems can be reduced some extent by using fly ash bricks. The object of this project is to represent the information regarding Fly Ash bricks and plant, properties and their uses in a most concise, compact and to the point manner. And also in this project various laboratory experiments were carried out on fly ash bricks samples. Some of them are Compressive strength study, water absorption study etc.

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Groundwater contributes to main source of drinking water and irrigation in most of the villages in India. But many resources are polluted due to various factors and one of the main reason for pollution is solid waste dumping. The paper presents the evaluation of groundwater quality around solid waste dumping yard for drinking and irrigation at Uruli Devachi located in Pune district of Maharathtra. Water samples were collected from 7 open wells and 2 bore wells during premonsoon and post monsoon season of year 2014. The type of water that predominates in the study area is Ca-Cl type for both during pre and post-monsoon seasons. Suitability of water for drinking was checked by analysing various parameters with standard values. Also the feasibility of groundwater for agriculture was checked by finding the sodium adsorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate and sodium hazards.

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E-commerce website needs hub is process of doing business through computer networks. A person sitting on the front of a computer can access all the facilities of the Internet to buy or sell the products. User is the sign-up the account and automatically generated and sent to the customer by email or offered as a 'create password and id' on the confirmation email. Traditional commerce that is carried out physically with effort of a person to go & get products and e-commerce website online purchase of product has made it easy for people to reduce physical work and to save time. E-commerce website like needs hub over the people can online purchase the products and compare the price of other website of sitting at home on their laptop, phone, pc. Online shopping is becoming more and more common in our daily lives. Understanding users' interests and behavior is essential to adapt needs hub Web sites to customers' requirements.

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The utilization of vehicles is rapidly increasing now a days and it leads to a huge problem of fuel availability. Often humans forgot to check the fuel level before Taking vehicles and it will run out of fuel in half a way. All petrol and diesel filling bikes have analog displays to indicate the amount of fuel added. The users don’t know whether it is showing the accurate value or not. In addition, Petrol pump frauds are very common now days. Many of the petrol pumps today temper the pumps such that it displays the amount as entered, but in actual, the quantity of fuel filled in the consumer’s tank is much lesser than the displayed value. The pumps are cheating for the profit of the petrol pump owner. This results in great profits for the petrol pumps, but at the same time the petrol consumers are being cheated. To overcome this problem, this project suggests a load cell based fuel measurement system which gives almost exact level of fuel while fuel filling process and also in the travelling time. Nonstop monitoring of fuel level is attained by attaching the load cell below the fuel tank with the use of Arduino Uno and display unit fixed with dash board. The measured fuel levels can be sent through GSM module to the owners of the hiring vehicles by messages through electronic gadgets for their verification purposes. In today's modern and digital world, if the fuel indicator in the vehicles is made digital, then it will help us to know the almost exact amount of fuel available/filled in the tank. The above fact is considered in our project. The almost exact amount of fuel available in the tank will be displayed digitally by making the use of Load Cell. This project mainly concentrates on the digital indication of fuel in vehicle's tank.

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Buildings are subjected to two types of load (i)Vertical load due to gravity, and (ii) Lateral load due to earthquake and wind. The auxiliary arrangement of the building needs to provide food for both the kinds of load. The two parts work in conjunction with each other. Load applied on the building envelope are exchanged to the auxiliary framework and they thusly should be exchanged through the establishment into the ground, the size of the breeze weight is a component of uncovered fundamental breeze speed, geology, building stature, inside weight, and building shape.

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Project mainly focuses on the general idea of “electrical spring” and its simulation. Electrical spring is found to be an effective solution over the voltage fluctuation where the power generated from wind source is penetrated into the power grid. This electrical spring addresses the main issues like reactive power management, voltage fluctuations and, power quality. This stability control is possible because of new innovatory technique of 'input voltage control' which creates smart load and provide constant voltage supply to critical load. This paper consists of simulation of electrical spring and its result using MATLAB simulink. The simulation result shows that the proposed theory has capability of compensating voltage fluctuation in future smart grid.

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The Tongue Drive System is a tongue operated Assistive Technology (AT) developed for people with severe disability to control their environment. Tongue Drive consists of an array of Hall Effect magnetic sensors mounted on a mouthpiece, to measure the magnetic field generated by a small permanent magnet placed on the tongue. The sensor signals are transmitted and processed to control the powered wheelchair. In past a lot of Assistive Technologies have been designed but each one of them had certain demerits. The tongue is connected to the brain by the cranial nerve, which generally escapes severe damage in spinal cord injuries. It is also the last to be affected in most neuro muscular disorders. The tongue can move very fast and accurately within the mouth cavity. It is thus a suitable organ for manipulating assistive devices. The tongue muscle is similar to the heart muscle in that it does not fatigue easily. Therefore, a tongue operated device has a very low rate perceived exertion. The tongue is considered most significant way for severely disabled people to operate an Assistive device. In this project presents an efficient, low cost solution to all the issues encountered in various ATs. The Tongue Drive System is a tongue operated Assistive Technology (AT) developed for people with severe disability to control their environment. Tongue Drive consists of an array of Hall Effect magnetic sensors mounted on a mouthpiece, to measure the magnetic field generated by a small permanent magnet placed on the tongue. The sensor signals are transmitted and processed to control the powered wheelchair. In past a lot of Assistive Technologies have been designed but each one of them had certain demerits. The tongue is connected to the brain by the cranial nerve, which generally escapes severe damage in spinal cord injuries. It is also the last to be affected in most neuro muscular disorders. The tongue can move very fast and accurately within the mouth cavity. It is thus a suitable organ for manipulating assistive devices. The tongue muscle is similar to the heart muscle in that it does not fatigue easily. Therefore, a tongue operated device has a very low rate perceived exertion. The tongue is considered most significant way for severely disabled people to operate an Assistive device. In this project presents an efficient, low cost solution to all the issues encountered in various ATs.

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Worldwide the production and consumption of building materials have increased materials have increased in the last decades. Waste of different types (such as fibres, powders, granuals etc.) are used for obtaining construction materials. The aim of this paper is to study the properties of fibers reinforced concrete produced from steel fibers and fly ash. As different dosages of cement were replaced by fly ash and steel fiber, additive material were added. For studying the influence of wastes on mechanical properties of cement concrete (green concrete), different dosages of cement were replaced by flyash and also glass fibre and steel fibre were added. Fibers have been used in concrete as reinforcement and strengthening component under tension. The various strength such as compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength were experimentally noted for each sample, the fly ash was replaced 5, 10, 15 and 20% cement content respectively. The sample was cured for 7, 14 and 28 days respectively. The aspect of soaking was also considered. The results obtained indicate noticeable improvement in strength with the inclusion of fibers and cement.

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Peeling or de-husking the coconuts in India require human power, de-husking tool, and more time and is lengthy process sometime cause hazard to operator. Doing the process without a hazard and with minimum time was the need of time and easy operation. Coir industries need husk of dry coconut as their raw material. So the parties need complementary parts of the coconut. Hence there is a need to bridge the gap between coconut farms and industries. So earlier days, when peeling of coconut is need, it required more man power by using old coconut pilling machine. There is chance of danger and accident doing peeling of coconut using old machine. Sometimes hard and very though coconut cannot peel easily by using old machine and it increases the chances of accident during the operation. When coconut is soft and green it contains some sort of water in their coir, then it is difficult to peeling the coconut. Hence, the old machine is very useful for this type of coconut. Due to these problems, it is required to make a machine which nullify the all these above problem.

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Android is an operating system designed based on a modified version of Linux Kernel and other open source software. Android popularity is because of most successful mobile operating system. Android gain popularity in market because its interactive interface, Multi Language Support, App Store for different kinds of Application, Easily available development tools either by using Android SDK or Android Studio by just knowing only basic object oriented java programming language. Hardware including 32 and 64 bit - ARM architecture, *86, *86-64 MIPS and MIPS 64 this enable android to be used in device other than limited mobile phone. Android tablet used Intel processor and Android *86 can run on desktop PC. Android provide list of feature includes - Messaging text messaging, C2DM, GCM part of push messaging service, Auto correction and directory, Web browser, voice based feature, multi touch, multitasking, screen capture, TV recording, Video calling, Accessibility text to speech, Wireless Connectivity, Media, Storage internal and external and etc. Today Android smart phone having different variety of sensor. Android is a different type of sensing devices installed on mobile phone to gather the data for various user purpose often in a mobile application. Basic sensors used in smart phone are - Air humidity sensors, Barometer, Camera, Fingerprint, Accelerometer, Gyroscope, GPS, Infrared, Proximity sensors, Magnetometer, Light, Pedometer, Microphone Sound sensors, Thermometer and etc. Most of the application design for android phone are based on sensors. Sensors also affect the cost of Android smartphone based on used and cost of sensors. Android price chart exponentially increases with increase in number of sensor like with and without fingerprint scanner smartphone cost difference is about one to two thousand Indian rupees.

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In modern times a lot of data is being collected all over the world particularly in the field of medical sciences. All this data needs to be stored in an organised manner so that its retrieval is efficient enough. As the data increases it becomes more and more challenging to organise it. Clustering and classification are two major methods primarily used to organise the data. Clustering is the process of grouping similar objects and classification is the process of categorising the data. Usually these methods are used independently but in the proposed method we are combining both this methods to obtain better results. It uses patient's data where they are diagnosed for presence or absence of diabetes. The data is first normalized using Min-Max normalization method. Normalized data is then clustered using Bisecting K-means, K-Medoids and DBSCAN. The output obtained from clustering is then given to Naïve Bayes classifier. The output determines which of the combination for data processing the best is.

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IoT can interconnect billions of devices (such as smartphones, sensors and alternative networking devices), to speak with one another. The IoT is the collection of devices, people and services to interconnect and exchange information and useful data. IoT may be a system wherever objects embedded with detector technology to act with one another over wireless communication medium to come up with, exchange and transfer knowledge without human interaction. This interconnection is relevant in many ways like timely coordination with many simple devices and due to open and heterogeneous nature of these networks; they are highly prone to vulnerable attacks. As IoT systems will be ubiquitous and pervasive, a number of security and privacy issues will arise. So privacy and security is the biggest concern in this technology. It covers privacy and security concerns in different segments like web interface vulnerabilities, device connections, spamming, data storage issues, IoT network related problems and many privacy preserving mechanisms. The goal of this paper to present the privacy and security problems that IoT environment is facing and existing mechanisms to protect it. For Internet of Things, credible, economical, efficient and effective security and privacy are required to ensure exact and accurate confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and access control, among others.

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The paper discusses the related works of channel estimation and equalization techniques in MIMO wireless communication providing a survey of researches and development in these fields. Moreover, the paper gives exquisite study of various methods of estimation and equalization for better reliable communication system.

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Now-a-days adders are mostly used in various electronic applications such as Digital signal processors and computing devices. Adders are used to perform various algorithms like FIR, IIR etc. In Modern electronics, Digital systems play a prominent role in day to day life. Arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication still suffer from known problems including limited number of bits, propagation time delay, and circuit complexity. The speed of digital processor depends heavily on the speed of adders they have constraints like area, power and speed requirements. The delay in an adder is dominated by the carry chain. In adders Binary Signed Digit Numbers are known to allow limited carry propagation with more complex addition process. Some of the limitations of this system are computational speed which limits formation and propagation of carry especially as the number of bits increases. Therefore it provides large complexity and low storage density. Carry free arithmetic operations can be achieved using a higher radix number system such as Quaternary Signed Digit (QSD). In present study, QSD number system eliminates carry propagation chain which reduces the computation time substantially, thus enhancing the speed of the machine. QSD Adder or QSD Multiplier circuits are logic circuits designed to perform high-speed arithmetic operations. A higher radix based signed digit number system, such as quaternary signed digit (QSD) number system, allows higher information storage density, less complexity. A high speed area effective adders and multipliers can be implemented using this technique. Carry free addition and other operations on a large number of digits such as 64, 128, or more can be implemented with constant delay and less complexity. The Design is simulated & synthesized using Xilinx 10.1.

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The project entitled "Daily Production and Rejection Monitoring App" is aimed to reduce table work and provide mobility to the production work. The main objective of our Android app is to provide abstract view of production to super admin in a timely manner. Firstly, we create some super admin accounts who is eligible to keep watch on production of compony within industrial area. Then, all the remaining users like admin, managers, HR's, MD's etc. can create their personal account in which they can have access to limited modules. Super Admin can restrict access of some modules to admin. It will help the employees of their compony to go through their personal accounts and maintain it. Members are given separate account so that activities of different members are confidential. A super admin can insert, delete, update and view general users as well as he can view defect management in a daily manner and ShiftWise. Each shift is last for 8 hours. Each user can maintain his/her personal profile. This Android app having some modules as Defect Counting, User Management, Employee Management and ShiftWise defect counting. In an Android app, top left has a menu option in which we provide Dashboard and Final Excel Sheet. As we analyze production scenario, it is represented in pictorial view (Bar Chart) and data is automatically converted into excel sheet. We can generate excel sheet of generated or recorded data to analyze production of a company. This is kind of summarization. Any authorized user can access his/her account anytime, anywhere within limited industry area. It can manage unlimited number of users.

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Our study aims to perform analysis of thread inspection machine. It involves the design and development of thread checking machine. The main reason for selecting project is to reduce the errors and automate the thread inspection process the errors they are accommodating at present. As we know that thread inspection is the essential process for the company. They inspect the type of thread in the product i.e. it will be M6 or M8. So they have to check that all the threads are either M6 or M8. Currently they use metal rod to check the type of thread manually, checking the thread by inserting the rod on each hole is time consuming process. It lags the production process. So the company needs to design a thread inspection machine. The objective of the project to automate the thread inspection process, generate the CAD model of semi-automated thread inspection machine using solid works, perform the design and analysis of semi-automated thread inspection machine using FEA, design a machine for increasing productivity and minimize process time, to increase the product quality and reduce labour cost. On the basis of objective, the CAD model of Thread inspection machine was design using Solidworks. After CAD modelling the Finite Element Modelling and Finite Element Analysis was carried out by using HYPERMESH and Nastran to validate the Designed CAD model. The linear static analysis results shows that the stresses are well within the safe limit, hence the design is safe. `

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Advanced composite materials have applications in many areas. However, the mechanical performance of composite materials under damage is very complicated. The tensile strength of composite materials is typically much lower than its compressive strength, making the composite material vulnerable to matrix cracking, fiber fracture, delamination and interfacial debonding. Nondestructive testing NDT methods currently used to detect damage in composite materials have several disadvantages; they are expensive, complicated devices that do not readily allow for online health monitoring or monitoring of large areas. These disadvantages limit the usefulness of NDT methods for testing composite materials. For example, in the aviation industry, where composite materials have many applications, ordinary NDT methods can only be used locally. Despite this limitation, these methods are employed because damage cannot readily be located visually. However, the structures are large, so a great deal of time and money is invested in using these NDT methods—yet they cannot test nor locate damage in real time. This study focuses on an active monitoring method for damage detection applied to composite structures. Different specimens made up of fiber epoxy resin in the form of composite structures are studied. Wavelet analysis methods are adopted to post process the raw monitored signal. A new damage signature is introduced to determine the presence and extent of damage in composites, while eliminating the influence of different distances between the active actuator and active monitoring elements. The proposed method is shown to be effective, reliable, and straightforward for the specimens considered in the present study, which are composed of different materials and suffer various levels of damage. An online real-time active monitoring system for damage detection is described that is based on this research.

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