Massive growth in the field of IoT produces lots of data, To store and process the data cloud technology is adapted. To bring the feature of cloud closer to the consumer device edge computing is developed which provide many advantage over the cloud computing. This paper focuses on comparison between cloud computing, edge computing and one of the variant of edge computing that is fog computing.

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Recently, the application of naval surveillance systems has been developed by developed the significance of underwater optical wireless communication. Through studies, the communication technology is expected to present a prominent role in its impact on the sea, ocean environment, marine biology in the lake, discovery of natural resources, prediction of natural disasters and climate changes. In this paper, will present a vision and many challenges in the field of Underwater Optical Wireless Communications by moving through the features inherent to these communication technologies, putting into perspective their technical aspects, current research challenges, and to-be-explored potential.

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This system DC motor Controlled by Android is developed to control the speed of the DC motor in both clockwise and anticlockwise direction. For this DC motor is interfaced to the 8051 microcontroller. A Bluetooth modem is used to receive direction commands and PWM commands. When an Android device sends commands, it is received by the Bluetooth modem which then sends the commands to the microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the DC motor through motor driver. The entire system is powered by 12V transformer. LCD display is used to show the status and the speed of the DC motor. The android application is used to control the entire system. The start button is first clicked to start the motor and then the motor can run in both clockwise and anticlockwise direction. Simultaneously the status of the system is displayed on the LCD screen and also the speed of the DC motor is displayed on the screen. Thus the speed of the motor can be increased or decreased in clockwise or anticlockwise direction with the help of this android application.

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Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material throughout the world. Usage of concrete is next to the water. Concrete is man-made material produced by the proper mixing of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate (N-sand or M-sand) and an adequate and controlled amount of water, with or without super plasticizers. In this project two slabs were cast with different material properties like one slab cast with N-sand and another slab cast with M-sand. Slab design is largely based on past experience and empirical data. Temperature differential across the depth or thickness of the concrete slab causes the slab to warping and deform resulting in the bending and temperature stresses. The analysis is based on the assumption that the temperature distribution is linear throughout the depth of the slab. This is an approximation because studies have shown that the actual temperature distribution is non-linear. Various researchers have proved that the assumption of linear temperature differential is un- conservative. Therefore, it is necessary to consider non- linear temperature differential instead of linear temperature differential to evaluate the temperature stresses and in the design of slabs when exposed to temperatures. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to evaluate the stresses due to the actual temperature distribution across the thickness of the slab. Two slabs of different material properties are cast, instrumented with K-type thermocouples at different levels viz., top, middle and bottom and the actual temperature in the slabs are recorded every hour (8:00 AM - 5:00 PM) for 28 days using a digital temperature recorder. The result obtained from the study clearly shows that the actual temperature differentials are Non-linear. The finding confirmed the importance and the need to account the nonlinear temperature differential in the design of concrete slabs.

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Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen aptly quoted that, "Education is the backbone of India." The constitutional framers realised it long be-fore and inserted Article 45, 41, etc. in the Directive Principles of State Policy to ensure that the educational needs are well catered to by the State. In 2002, vide the 86th Constitutional Amendment; Article 21 A was included which guarantees free and compulsory education to children from six to fourteen years of age. A corresponding duty was levied upon the parents/guardians under Article 51 A (k). The RTE to Free and Compulsory Education Act was promulgated in 2009 with a view to enhance the overall quality of education in the country. However, despite the massive statutory framework, the idea of "free and compulsory education" remains to be a distant dream for the nation.

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QR code (Quick Response Code) is a trademark for a matrix barcode, matrix barcode is a two dimensional barcode. It was first established in 1994 for automotive industry in Japan. After that it will become popular outside the automotive industry. A QR code build-up of four institutionalized encoding modes (numeric, alphanumeric, byte/ binary, and kanji) to efficiently store data. Kanji are the logographic Chinese characters that are utilized as a part of the Japanese written framework. A barcode is a machine-coherent optical mark that contains data about the thing to which it is joined. Matrix barcode: Data Matrix is a two-dimensional matrix barcode, which encodes content or crude information in an example of high contrast square modules. Common information measure in couple of bytes up to 2 kilobytes. By including error correction codes, the images can be perused regardless of whether they are in part hurt. QR codes are easy to utilize and adaptable. The code itself stores gigantic measures of data that is effortlessly examined and stored onto a mobile device. Numerous organizations are now adopting this code as a methods for promoting and as another approach to attract customers to the internet for more data. There is no need to have a notebook or pen to write down URL, It can be scanned anytime, anyplace utilizing cell phones. QR codes are very easy to create with the help of free software's.

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One of the prevalent disease that has been faced by women from last two decades is PCOS(polycystic ovary syndrome). It is also called PCOD(Polycystic ovary disease). It can become one of the biggest cause of infertility in women. Today we live in a modern world so we are available with tremendous amount of data. A recent study has revealed that about 18% of the women in India, mostly from the East, suffer from this syndrome. PCOS is characterized by overweight, irregularity in menstrual cycle, oily skin and darkened acne marks, hypertension and metabolic abnormalities/dysfunction[1].This can become cause of type 2 diabetes. Data Mining techniques are used for predicting the same disease. In this paper we have reviewed about PCOS, early symptoms, causes, data mining tasks, techniques of data mining, data mining and medical field and the conclusion.

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Nowadays, Cryptography plays a very important role to secure the secret information. In the growth of technology, we use number of ways to secure information over the network. The message which is sent should be secured from hackers. Here, we use the techniques of cryptography to keep details secure. Cryptography is derived as secret writing. Unauthorized people could not extract any information which is hidden. We have to protect the message from the unauthorized peoples. Here, we have mentioned about the private key and public key for encryption. Cryptography is one of the best ways to keep our information secretly. So, it’s the best way to send the information in secured network. There are multiple number of techniques in cryptography .To secure the information we use some services like confidentiality, authentication, integrity, nonrepudiation, access control. We study about the different cryptosystems which will be helpful for the people to access the message and security. The information will be secured by the authorizer from the unauthorized peoples and it can be accessed by the authorizer by giving the private key and outsource key. Hence both keys should match to access the message.

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In the concentric tube heat exchanger, by using dimpled tube for outer shell and by providing twisted tapes in the inner tube, the heat transfer, Reynolds number, temperature, pressure, velocity variations are analysed. Twisted tapes and dimpled tube are used to augment the heat transfer by creating turbulence in the fluid flow. In this report the analysis is conducted by two cases comprised of counter flow arrangement with the dimpled tube i.e outer shell is made of copper, the inner tube is made of aluminium and the twisted tape is made by copper, In the second case comprised with the arrangement of dimpled tube i.e outer shell is made of aluminium, the inner tube is made of copper and the twisted tapes is made by aluminium. The hot water is passed inside inner tube and cold water is passed between the annulus in counter flow in both cases. Out of two cases is compared with concentric tube heat exchanger without twisted tape and without dimple tube are compared. Here using Fluent in ANSYS software the analysis are done.

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Pavement design is based on the premise that minimum specified structural quality will be achieved for each layer of material in the pavement system. The engineering properties of soil subgrades are needed to be strong enough to sustain load by stabilization methods. Subgrade of a soils are stabilized by using cement and lime. This work is done to enhance its engineering properties and improve its subgrade strength also it reduces the cost by using some stabilizers. With the variation of stabilizers content, samples were made at their maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. The CBR value is changed with increase in cement content and slightly increase with addition of lime. It is found that construction of pavement with stabilized sub-grade is economical than untreated subgrade.

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Infrastructure is a major sector that propels overall development of Indian economy. The foundation is very important for any structure and it has to be strong enough to support the entire structure. For foundation to be strong the soil around it plays a very important role. Expansive soils like black cotton soil always create problems in foundation. The problems are swelling, shrinkage and unequal settlement. Plastic wastes have become one of the major problems of the world. Use of plastic bags, bottles and other plastic products is exponentially increasing year by year. Due to which we are facing various environmental problems. A review paper is presented here to focus on soil stabilization by using waste plastic products. Tests are liquid limit, plastic limit, standard proctor compaction test, California bearing ratio (CBR) test and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) have been conducted to check the improvement in the properties of black cotton soil.

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During past few years, brain tumour segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an emergent research area in the field of medical imaging system. Brain tumour detection helps in finding the exact size and location of tumour. An efficient algorithm is proposed in this paper for tumour detection based on segmentation and morphological operators. Firstly quality of scanned image is enhanced and then morphological operators are applied to detect the tumour in the scanned image. The application of this method is equipped with the median filter to improve the brain MR image edges for better segmentation over the past few decades, several image compression standards have been proposed by international standardization organizations. This paper discusses the current status of these image compression standards in medical imaging applications together with some of the legal and regulatory issues surrounding the use of compression in medical settings.

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With the increase in awareness about the benefits of online trading, there has been a significant rise in investment in E-Commerce business. Hand in hand with offline trading, many established business houses have setup online transaction channels. Online retailing is the 'in-thing' in today's commerce. Every other day a new company is being set in the online retail segment. Specialization and customization are the underlining features of online trading. E-Commerce companies are specializing in exclusive items and have consciously moved away from the ‘one for all’ concept. Every new company is focusing on a definite item or targeting a particular demographic segment. So instead of addressing universally, it is better to concentrate on a single area and execute it to your best ability. Consumers prefer this kind of preferential treatment and personalized attention. India, being a land full of diversity offers ample scope for new companies to join in this E-Commerce business trade. Business opportunities are limitless considering the innumerable clothing, food, and cultural habits of Indian communities Electronic commerce is a powerful concept and process that has fundamentally changed the current of human life. Electronic commerce is one of the main criteria of revolution of Information Technology and communication in the field of economy. This style of trading due to the enormous benefits for human has spread rapidly. Certainly can be claimed that electronic commerce is cancelled many of the limitations of traditional business. For example, form and appearance of traditional business has fundamentally changed. These changes are basis for any decision in the economy. Existence of virtual markets, passages and stores that have not occupy any physical space, allowing access and circulation in these markets for a moment and anywhere in the world without leaving home is possible. Select and order goods that are placed in virtual shop windows at unspecified parts of the world and also are advertising on virtual networks and payment is provided through electronic services, all of these options have been caused that electronic commerce is considered the miracle of our century.

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The wheel is an integral part of any automobile. Design of wheel under various loads is to be studied for practical application to ensure safety and smooth running. Here, wheel is subjected to brake loads and mechanical loads due to weight of the vehicle. In cars, Disc brakes and Drum brakes are generally used on front wheels and rear wheels respectively. Due to application of brakes large amount of heat is generated which is distributed across the wheel section. The objective of the present work is to analyse the stresses induced in the given wheel design due to braking loads and structural loads .For this work, Linear thermal analysis with temperature dependent material properties and Linear static analysis has been performed using finite element software such as ANSYS. The heat generated by the braking is applied as loading and convective heat transfer has been applied as loading and convective heat transfer has been given as external boundary condition. The temperature plots at various regions are reported. The stress analysis is carried out by switching thermal analysis to structural analysis and Von misses stresses are plotted. Further, the analysis is also extended to static loading on the wheel. In this, 3D model is generated and this full model is meshed with a 3D solid element, the deflections and stresses are plotted. In static analysis we are considering the loads due to weight of the vehicle, side thrust and pressure due to application of brakes. Finally the stability of the wheel is discussed with the plotted results.

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In secured graphical authentication system, we are going to focus on security at the time of authentication and security of the database. The security of the database is important because of the user credentials. In this project we have to develop registration page and login page. Previously the work has been done for the android system, and now we have to develop it for the web application. "The web application is for providing cloud storage space".

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The script 'Devanagari' is used in many Indian languages. Recognition of handwritten characters of Devanagari character set is an important and complex area of research. The work done for the recognition of Devanagari handwritten script is very small in books (even though there is the existence of) it is being used by millions people in India and abroad and it has numerous applications. The feature extraction method(s) used to recognize hand-written characters play an important role in many applications. In this paper, we will discuss various feature extraction method techniques used by the researchers and scholars in optical character recognition process. After reading this we will able to understand what is feature extraction, steps involve in recognition process and how to use and modify existing techniques to improve recognition rate, accuracy and overall performance.

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The ability of the Indian Armed Forces to prevail in the highly contested environment of 2040 will be dictated by its ability to defend cyber-enabled systems, and the data within them, from compromise and manipulation. Yet contemporary cyber defense is faltering, and incremental improvements seem unlikely to overcome an exponentially growing cyber threat. Thus, an entirely new model for cyber defense strategy is needed. Blockchains are a new information technology that inverts the cyber security paradigm. First, blockchain networks are trustless; they assume compromise of the network by both insiders and outsiders. Second, blockchains are transparently secure; they do not rely on failure-prone secrets, but rather on a cryptographic data structure that makes tampering both exceptionally difficult and immediately obvious. Finally, blockchains networks are fault tolerant; they align the efforts of honest nodes to reject those that are dishonest. As a result, blockchain networks not only reduce the probability of compromise, but also impose significantly greater costs on an adversary to achieve it. The Indian Armed Forces should research and develop blockchain technology and leverage it for national defense.

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In this paper presents and analyses the performance of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based technique for face recognition. The face is our main hub of thought in common intercourse, in concert a major part in assigning identity and feeling. We can distinguish thousands of faces learned throughout our lifetime and identity recognizable faces at a look even after years of division. This skill is give up healthy, regardless of large changes in the visual incentive due to presentation conditions, appearance, aging, and distraction such as spectacles, beards, changes in hairstyle. Through human faces are complex in shape, face recognitions is not difficult for a human brain whereas for a computer this job is not easy. We think recognition of human faces with two facial appearance: single and differential. The images that are captured previously constitute the training set. From these images eigenface are calculated. The image that is going to be recognized through our system is mapped to the same Eigen spaces. Next I used classification technique namely distance based used to classify the images as recognized or non-recognized. Currently I get result for the single facial expression now I am operational for dissimilar facial appearance.

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This present paper studied the behaviour of the vertical strip anchors subjected to inclined load. Calculation of soil reaction on failure surfaces is computed by using Kötter's equation (1903). Separate analysis is carried out for both active and passive zone of failure. It also includes formulations for pseudo-static analysis. Derivations are described to find inclined pull-out factor by using limit equilibrium method. The angle of failure planes are optimized to obtain the inclined pull-out capacity of vertical strip anchors by using pseudo-static approaches. The results obtained from the study are tabulated and effect of various parameters are discussed in detail and presented in tabular and graphical form. In this study approaches for estimation of inclined pull-out capacity of vertical plate anchors are reviewed.

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This paper, we are going to represent an introduction to Python programming language and prove Python is a general-purpose interpreted, interactive, object-oriented, and high-level programming language. It was created by Guido van Rossum during 1985 – 1990. Like Perl, Python source code is also available under the GNU General Public License (GPL). Python is named after a TV Show called 'Monty Python's Flying Circus' and not after Python-the snake. Python 3.0 was released in 2008. Although this version is supposed to be backward incompatibles, later on many of its important features have been back ported to be compatible with the version 2.7. This gives enough understanding on Python 3 version programming language. Sample Code: #!/usr/bin/python3 print ("Hello, Python!")

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In these moderns days the buildings are made to fulfil our basic aspects and better serviceability. It is not an issue to construct a building any how its, important to construct an efficient building which will serve for many years without showing any failure. The project titled "planning and designing of multistory residential building", aims in finding better technique for creating geometry, defining the cross sections for column and beam etc., creating specification and supports (to define a support whether it is fixed or pinned), then the loads are calculated manually and applied to the model in ETABS. After that the model is analysed by ‘run analyses’. This project are going to deal about dead load calculation like external wall load, internal wall load, parapet wall are calculated a per IS 875-part 1 live load has been taken from as per IS 875 part 2 to the building (G+10) and earth quake load has been taken from IS 1893- 2002. Wind load has been taken from IS 875 part 3. The high rise building with 10 stores is analysed for its displacement, strength and stability using ETABS software. For the analysis of the building for seismic loading with two different zones (Zone-II & Zone-V) is considered with all soil types. The analysis of the building is done by using equivalent static method and dynamic method. The results from the analysis obtained from both the methods are presented in tabular form and the results are compared using graphical form. The results of the analysis on the displacement shear force, and bending moment are compared. The results are presented in tabular and graphical form. The results on the drift and displacement are checked with serviceability conditions and are compared and presented in tabular form. The zone wise results are also compared.

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Most of the military organizations now take the help of robots to carry out many risky jobs that cannot be done by the soldiers. These robots used in military are usually employed with the integrated system, including video screens, sensors, gripper and cameras. A new system is proposed with the help of low power IOT wireless sensor network to trace out the intruders and the robot will take the necessary action automatically. Thus the proposed system, an Intelligent Unmanned Robot (IUR) using IOT saves human life and reduces manual error in defense side. Robots are designed for various purposes like military, industry, for home based application. At borders, different tanks, missiles, guns are used by enemy. This causes problem and harm our force or soldiers. For this, a robot is designed and developed for military purpose application to protect the army. Robots are used to detect the obstacle which is found in the path. If any obstacle is found, using gun mechanism, the robot will be able to shoot that obstacle.

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India among all developing countries studied for mHealth adoption ranks 2nd. Widespread adoption of mobile technology in healthcare, or mHealth, is now viewed as inevitable by more than half of doctors and healthcare payers in developed and emerging markets around the world, including 60% in India. Consumers have high expectations for mHealth, particularly in developing economies as mobile cellular subscriptions there become ubiquitous. In emerging markets, consumers perceive mHealth as a way to increase access to healthcare while patients in developed markets see it as a way to improve the convenience, cost and quality of healthcare. The use of mHealth and speed of adoption will be determined in each country by stakeholders' response to mHealth as a disruptive innovation to overcome structural impediments and align interests around patients’ needs and expectations. Despite demand and the obvious potential benefits of mHealth, rapid adoption is not yet occurring. The main barriers are not the technology but rather systemic to healthcare and inherent resistance to change. For full adoption of m-health in India, people have to come out of their inherent shell about the traditional way of healthcare delivery and embrace this new and innovative chance of easier way. For m-health to become a boon for India everyone from doctor to patients to payers and government has to work coherently. Objective: The study was carried on to observe the adoption of consumer towards mobile healthcare apps. Technology has brought a heavy change in the healthcare sector, Consumers are more conscious for their health and maintaining the quality of life. Mobile healthcare apps customers can get maximum satisfaction without doing it the traditional way. In India, the growth of mobile healthcare app is significantly escalating. Though India will have to work harder at convincing people about the advantage of mobile healthcare apps, the scope of mobile healthcare apps in India is still vast. The Market of mobile healthcare apps can certainly grow in India if the providers can lure its local audience by the following: 1) Making it cost effective. 2) Making it secure. 3) Convincing customers about its benefit. 4) Creating awareness about it. 5) Joining hand with Government.

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Feasible power sources, vitality made from sun controlled, wind, biomass, hydro control, geothermal and ocean resources are considered as a mechanical choice for producing clean vitality. Be that as it may, the vitality created from sun and wind is significantly not as much as the age by oil subordinates, notwithstanding, power age by using solar and wind turbine extended rapidly. This paper presents the Microgrid system Power framework that tackles the sustainable power sources in Sun and Wind to energy control Framework control depends primarily on microcontroller. It ensures the perfect utilization of advantages and hence improves the effectiveness as contrasted and their individual method of age. In like manner it grows the unwavering quality and lessens the reliance on one single source. This Microgrid sunlight based wind control producing framework is appropriate for small industries and moreover for home application. Incorporating irregular wellsprings of energy, for example, sun powered with wind source has a few favourable circumstances for power framework. The primary favourable position is that charged battery can help the microgrid system at the periods that have high request from consumer. The importance is that because of battery energy storage it will be helpful for system to shift the load from time at power mostly used to less usage of power utilization time.

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This project was developed in the wireless power transfer by using air core copper coil. The copper coil should be made up of thick copper wires. This project can be used for charging the electrical apparatus like mobile phone, laptops, and electrical vehicles etc. it transfer power from transmitter to receiver coil without any losses. This project can be designed to reduce the losses of power transfer in one end to other end and improve the efficiency of the power from transceiver to receiver end. In this project is possible to transfer power such as kv level in WPT technology is used to improving the transmission efficiency and distance. In the inductive coupling and the magnetic concept is used to transfer power from transmitter coil to the receiver coil using high voltage supply. Air core inductor is used to generate a magnetic field. In inductive coupling (CLC) primary of an air core transformer. The secondary coil should be developed a high frequency voltages. In the distance range should be improved in (5cm).in primary coil can be transmitted the power. The secondary coil can be received the power to run a load.

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