Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been recently used all wide the world for various applications, which includes, military, space, commercial and in academia. The main concern in these UAVs are they must be controlled for their trajectory path. The UAVs are inbuilt with auto tracking and motion control. These UAVs face real problem when they are in adverse natural condition or any other disturbance or environmental interference. Other reason for trajectory control comes when we are controlling multiple aerial vehicles. Here in our project we have created simulated solution for the trajectory control for the aerial vehicle.

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The vehicular ad hoc network is the type of network in which vehicle nodes can change its location any time. Due to decentralized nature of the network, vehicle nodes join or leave the network when they want. The malicious nodes join the network which are responsible to trigger various type of active and passive attacks. This research is based on to isolate active type of attacks which are black hole and smurf attack. In the black hole attack, malicious node forces the source node to select path through it which leads to reduction in network throughput and delay. In the smurf attack, malicious node spoof the IP address of the legitimate node and communicate on the behalf of the legitimate node. In this work, technique will be proposed which detect the malicious nodes from the network which are responsible to trigger black hole and smurf attack in the network.

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In this article, we would like to trace the design and working of WDG4 7-10 SERIES V16 engine used in Indian railways. WDG4 engines are GM's GT46MAC models. First units were imported in 1999 (13 fully built, 8 in kit form). Now [4/02] DLW has begun local production; 3 have been built and a further 25 or so were built in 2002. As of [1/06] 60+ units have been built. The loco shed at Hubli has been modified to handle these; initially all will be based at Hubli and will be used to haul mineral ore freight from Bellary or Hospet to Vasco da Gama. The locos are rated at 4000hp and use 3-phase AC traction motors. They can start a load of 58 BOXN wagons on a 1 in 150 grade and have a balancing speed of 85km/h for such a load on level track. Max. Speed is 100km/h. Gear ratio 85:16. Axle load 21 tonnes. A V16 engine is a V engine with 16 cylinders. Engines of this number of cylinders are uncommon in automotive use. A V16 engine is perfectly balanced, so long as its constituent straight 8 banks are balanced, regardless of the V angle. The 710 engine can operate more than three years without experiencing a road failure, setting the bar for the rail industry. It is lightweight, medium-speed engine, Custom design and integration for optimized performance across a wide range of operating environments, Inherently emissions friendly and fuel efficient, Ease of maintenance and lower overhaul costs, Low lube oil consumption and oil changes based on scheduled sampling, Quickly reaches full power providing superior adhesion control during wheel slip events for AC freight locomotives, Largest installed fleet and common parts provide reduced material, labor, tooling and training costs. New EMD engine technologies can be retrofit on existing models to further enhance performance and efficiency.

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The aggregate comprises a substantial portion of concrete. Including coarse and fine aggregates it is normally obtained from natural sources. Fine aggregate in India is usually extracted from River. As the demand for concrete production increases, more natural sand is needed. The need for fine aggregate should be addressed in an environmentally friendly manner, considering the diminishing sources of natural sand. Various industrial by-products, such as fly ash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag and silica fume, have been used in concrete to improve its properties. This also enables any environmental issues associated with their disposal. Another material that is available in large quantities and requiring alternative methods of disposal is the Bauxite Reside (Red Sand) from the Bayer process used to extract alumina from bauxite. Enormous quantity of Red Sand is generated worldwide every year posing a very serious and alarming environmental problem. Hence an investigation was carried out to establish its potential utilization as a sand replacement material in concrete. In addition to fresh properties of concrete containing Red Sand up to 100% by mass of Portland cement, mechanical and durability properties were determined. These properties indicated that Red Sand can be used to replace natural sand up to 100% by mass of cement to improve the properties of concrete without detrimentally affecting their physical properties. Combining these beneficial effects with environmental remediation applications, it can be concluded that there are specific applications where concretes containing Red Sand could be used.

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