One of the major threats in the aquatic ecosystem is the pollution caused by organic dyes which are widely used in textile, plastic, medicine and in many other industries. Accumulation of these dyes in the water bodies causes eutrophication and cause severe damage to the aquatic organism. The removal of these non-biodegradable organic chemicals from the environment is a crucial ecological problem. Photo catalytic activity of biosynthesized AgNPs and TiO2NPs was evaluated by degradation of methyl orange under solar irradiation. Dye degradation was visually detected by gradual change in the colour of the dye solution from deep orange to light orange to colorless. An increase in the rate of reduction of dye was observed with the increase in concentration of catalyst (AgNPs and TiO2NPs).

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This paper aims to study the effect of welding parameters such as welding current, flux and gas flow rate on ultimate tensile strength and hardness on Fe 410 by using activated fluxes such as MgCO3, Fe2O3 and mixture of both these with 50%-50 fluxes. These parameters are optimized by L9 orthogonal array. Another statistical such as ANOVA is also used to determine the percentage contribution of these parameters and then a linear relationship is established between these parameters and the output by using Regression analysis.

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A Conventional Carry Select Adder (CSLA) is still power consuming due to the dual Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) structures having Cin as 0 and 1. Hence modifications are done at gate level to reduce power. Modification of CSLA is designed by using Binary to Excess-1 Converter instead of RCA with Cin=1 in the conventional CSLA .This paper proposes an efficient method which replaces the ZCLA instead of RCA with Cin=0 in conventional CSLA and modified CSLA. Thus, the efficient gate level modification helps to reduce the power of CSLA. In this paper the proposed design of 16-bit conventional CSLA using ZCLA is compared with the general modified and conventional versions of CSLA. Carry Select Adder is generally divided into Linear and SQRT CSLA (Non-Linear). In this paper, both CSLA can be implemented in 16 bit conventional, modified and proposed CSLA and the results prove that the SQRT CSLA is better than the Linear CSLA.

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Work-life balance is a situation in which employees are able to give right amount of time and efforts to their work as well as their personal life outside work. The present study have focused on work life balance of women employee's in Tirupur, how women are balancing their work and family life in garment Industry. Descriptive Research design was used for this research. Sources were collected through questionnaire, totally 100 employees were identified for this study. Convenient sampling method is adopted for sampling technique. This study concluded that most of the women employees are not able to balance their Work-life due to issues arising in the organization. The management should identify the problems which is hindering the Work-life balance. The company should provide better recreation facilities, work environment, counseling to motivate the employees. These steps can improve the productivity of the organization also.

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As the world's population has increased, the need for food has also increased, which leads to improve the farming techniques and yield of crops. To achieve this the efficient Irrigation network is required. For irrigation purpose the canal is required to be constructed to convey water to specific point/areas which are not under command of any network. Canal has to cross the river or drainage in their alignment for that cross drainage works are to be constructed. This report briefly consider the different type of structures constructed for crossing of river or drainage.

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The term E commerce refers to electronic commerce which includes purchasing a product on-line and paying by cash on delivery or using credit or debit cards. Now a days peoples are more self-motivated for on-line shopping. The reason behind this is peoples are busier in their job and did not get enough time to visit market, so it is more preferable and comfortable to visit the on-line shopping sites, select a product and apply for home delivery. Getting the good product at the door-step just by surfing the on-line shopping websites, increases faith of people one commerce. Peoples are more interested to buy products whenever offers are applied. This paper aims to focus on the recent trends of e-commerce in India and customer satisfaction on product and price. This survey paper also focuses on the features, benefits challenges and growth of e-commerce in India.

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Big data is still an puzzle to many people. It’s a relatively new term that was only coined during the latter part of the last decade. While it may still be ambiguous to many people. Big data doesn’t just refer to the enormous amount of data available today, it also refers to the whole process of gathering, storing and analyzing that data. To know the BDA (Big Data Analytics) we must know the Big Data. Gartner's big data definition is "high-volume, velocity and variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processing for enhanced insight and decision making. This definition contains 3 parts. First part is 3Vs" the extreme volume of data, the wide variety of data types and the velocity of data processing. Second part is about using innovative processes, and the third part is to find useful information for making future decision. The term big data often refers to the use of predictive analytics or certain other advanced data analytics methods that extract value from data. Big Data Analytics is increasingly becoming a trending practice that many organizations are adopting Now a days the use of big data and data analytics is in Security, Defense, Public Safety organizations and intelligence agencies is on the rise, mostly because the world is becoming more digital and connected. Big data and data analytics technologies can increase the investigative capabilities of intelligence organizations in many relevant aspects. This paper focus on the why big data analytics is necessary in today's world. This survey paper also focuses on the challenges of big data, big data technologies.

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Traditionally more herbs are used in ayurveda and unani system. Herbal is a collection of plants put together for medical purpose. Tridax procumbens linn is traditional plant used to various medical purpose. The leaf juice is extracted from the tridax procumbens for wound healing activity. Aloe vera gel is useful for dry skin; especially eczema around the eyes and sensitive skin facial. Aloe is an important and traditional medicinal plant belongs to the family Liliaceae. Curuma longa (common name is turmeric) is an Indian spice derived from the rhizomes of the plant and has a long history in ayurvedic medicine as a treatment for inflammatory condition. Lactos is extrated from the milk product. Lactose is a disaccharide sugar derived from galactose and glucose that is found in milk. Tridax procumbens, aloe vera gel and curcuma longa shows various pharmacological activities like antiseptic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibiotic. The present study, is about the preparation of bandage by using tridax procumbens, aloe vera gel and curcuma longa. The extracted leaf juice from tridax procumbens is combined with aloe vera gel and curcuma longa. This content is applied as a finishing process in bandage.

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Nowadays grass cutter machines are becoming very popular today. Pollution is manmade, which we can be see in our daily life. In old model of grass cutter IC engine was used and hence because of its environmental impact pollution level rises IC engine driven cutter is more costly. Maintenance of such conventional machine is more. The aim of our project is to make the grass cutter which operates on solar energy hence save the electricity and reduces manpower. In our project we use microcontroller for controlling various operation of grass cutter. Also the grass cutter has obstacle sensor for obstacle detection .Grass cutter operates automatically hence it does not require skill person to operate.

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This project deals with the separation of oil from oil water mixture, waste oil in refinery industries and many small scale industries to find out the better solution for oil recovery from the water surface to produce oil free water. Also it deals with the fabrication of mechanical equipment to separate oil from the water with help of oil skimmer belt to separate oil from water and store in the tank. Oil skimmer is mechanical equipment, which is used in environment pollution control from oil spillage and centrifugal separation is the process of to remove heavy viscous and dirt material from waste oil. Oil skimmer helps in removing the oily from the waste water. By removing the oil from waste water, it becomes free of oil pollution.

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As we are a part of the 21st century, we are living in a world where luxury has somehow become a necessity for many of us. Mode of working, travelling, living should be luxurious. In order to full fill one of these luxuries there are increased energy demand and rapid depletion of high energy non-renewable energy resources like petroleum products the search for new renewable and alternative fuels has gained momentum. Increased pollution due to the excess use of such petroleum and diesel fuels in the cars. So we need to find an appropriate solution to this problem. Emission control is one of the major challenges observed in IC Engines and field of automobile. Emission cannot be completely predicated from automobiles but instead can be minimized to the lowest level. The main objective of this project is to reduce the level of harmful pollutants in the exhaust such as unburned hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and smoke. When we add nanoparticles like CeO2, Al2O3 etc. in base fuel, it can change the diesel engine performance, combustion behaviour and emission. It could improve Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Specific fuel consumption and greatly reduce the harmful pollutants. There is also used specified surfactant for increase the stability. Experiments a special care was taken to improve the performance break thermal Efficiency and reduce of emission of NOx, HC, CO etc. harmful pollutants.

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Clustering As a result of the rapid development in cloud computing, it & fundamental to investigate the performance of extraordinary Hadoop MapReduce purposes and to realize the performance bottleneck in a cloud cluster that contributes to higher or diminish performance. It is usually primary to research the underlying hardware in cloud cluster servers to permit the optimization of program and hardware to achieve the highest performance feasible. Hadoop is founded on MapReduce, which is among the most popular programming items for huge knowledge analysis in a parallel computing environment. In this paper, we reward a particular efficiency analysis, characterization, and evaluation of Hadoop MapReduce Word Count Utility. The main aim of this paper is to give implements of Hadoop map-reduce programming by giving a hands-on experience in developing Hadoop based Word-Count and Apriori application. Word count problem using Hadoop Map Reduce framework. The Apriori Algorithm has been used for finding frequent item set using Map Reduce framework.

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Fatal accidents related to underground coal mines need the implementation of high-level gas like carbonic acid gas (CO2), monoxide (CO) and sulfide (H2S) observance and miner’s localization approaches to push underground safety and health. In the Era of embedded technology, the Zigbee protocols utilized in a lot of applications. The applying styles an observance system for mine safety supported Zigbee wireless detector network. The projected system gathers temperature conditions, wetness share and current methane series values of mine through temperature detector nodes, gas detector nodeId conjointly gather information of range of individuals operating within the mine with the assistance of an IR detector, then transmits the info to IP terminal supported ARM. The terminal sends the info to the bottom section through Zigbee, and within the ground section, the process terminal monitors the info and sends the info to the computer to avoid wasting them and for remote users to inquire. An SMS is additionally send to the corresponding member through GSM in order that warning to the personnel can occur.

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WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is a network consists of a large no. of low power sensor nodes. Here LEACH is a Less Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Protocol. These cluster-based sensor networks main goal is to decrease system delay and reduce energy consumption. And leach is a cluster-based protocol for micro sensor networks which achieves energy efficient, scalable routing and fair media access for sensor nodes. Security is very compulsory in wireless sensor network. Therefore, its security purpose many improvements are done in wireless sensor network. In this paper mainly describes LEACH Protocol, Their phases and various attacks with different techniques and also these advantages and disadvantages etc.

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The main purpose of this paper is to help the blind people, by using "GPS Tracking Blind Stick Using Microcontroller". The blind people need not to worry when walking on the road or anywhere. If any obstacle or mud or electric wire present before the stick that time alerts the blind person by using various sensors. The blind people may wonder independently by using this blind stick.

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Our approach is to propose a fast and secure scheme for digital image encryption using only two-diffusion process based on nested chaotic attractor and the Secure Hash Algorithm SHA-1 to generate a secret key. The main advantages of our chaotic sequence used are the efficiency, simplicity and rapidity, all these features are very important it can be implemented on embedded systems. The paper work is a new approach in the hashing area, which use a modified SHA-1 image Encryption/ hashing with modifier round proposed design has come up with idea of using 40 rounds instead of 80 round of SHA-1, that will increase the speed of hash generation for achieving that proposed work simply modified the single compression/iteration operation. The results of security analysis such as statistical tests, differential attacks, key space, key sensitivity, entropy information and the running time are illustrated and compared to recent encryption schemes where the highest security level and speed are improved.

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The Heat transfer efficiency of thermal systems using fluids as working material, depends on its thermal conductivity. Hence a working fluid with good thermal conductivity is essential for efficient performance of thermal devices. Heat pipes are efficient thermal devices which are compact in size for transferring heat from one point to another. Nanomaterials, dispersed in base fluid give liquid suspensions called as nanofluids. Heat pipes engaged with the usage of nanofluids have brought a good attention of researchers due to its superior thermo physical properties which gave significant changes in thermal performance. Heat transfer mechanisms depend upon, type of heat pipes, nanofluids characteristics, design and operating parameters of heat pipes, etc. All the parameters have their own individual as well as the combined effect on thermal performance. The objective of this paper is to study the behavior of Cerium Dioxide (CeO2) nanofluid with water as base material used as working fluid, in order to improve the performance of circular heat pipe. The objective of this project is to study the behavior of Cerium Dioxide (CeO2) nanofluid with water as base material used as working fluid, in order to improve the performance of circular heat pipe. An experimental set up is designed and constructed in order to study performance of heat pipe, under different conditions such as concentration of working fluid (concentration of CeO2 in water), different operating temperatures and angle of inclination (00, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, 900), heat power (25W, 50W, 75W, and 100W). The volume fraction of nano particles in the base fluid, and heat input rate on the thermal resistance is investigated. Thermal performance of heat pipe is studied for concentrations of 0.75, 1, and 2% volume fraction nanofluid.

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The Heat transfer efficiency of thermal systems using fluids as working material, depends on its thermal conductivity. Hence a working fluid with good thermal conductivity is essential for efficient performance of thermal devices. Heat pipes are efficient thermal devices which are compact in size for transferring heat from one point to another. Nanomaterials, dispersed in base fluid give liquid suspensions called as nanofluids. Heat pipes engaged with the usage of nanofluids have brought a good attention of researchers due to its superior thermo physical properties which gave significant changes in thermal performance. Heat transfer mechanisms depend upon, type of heat pipes, nanofluids characteristics, design and operating parameters of heat pipes, etc. All the parameters have their own individual as well as the combined effect on thermal performance. The objective of this paper is to study the behavior of Cerium Dioxide (CeO2) nanofluid with water as base material used as working fluid, in order to improve the performance of circular heat pipe. An experimental set up is designed and constructed in order to study performance of heat pipe when different conditions such as concentration of working fluid (concentration of CeO2 in water), different operating temperatures and angle of inclination.

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Rapid Prototyping involves set of process that can quickly fabricate model or prototype via. Additive manufacturing technique using three dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. Rapid Prototyping technique are mainly classified into solid based RP, liquid based RP, & powdered based RP system. From these various types of system solid based RP processes are mostly used due to effectiveness & their ability to making impossible geometries possible. In this paper an attempt has been made to determine the hardness of FDM part. Taguchi grey relational analysis is used to optimize the process parameters on multiple performance characteristics.

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The construction industry has been heavily criticized in recent times for its performance and productivity in relation to other industries. With the turn of time, it appears that the construction industry is going through an intense period of introspection, which is worsened by increased technological and social change. These changes are altering the tempo of the environment within which construction operates. Besides, such changes significantly affect the way business is conducted. Many of the management practices used to support construction organizations are being challenged. The industry's clients are moving forward and demanding improved quality service, faster project delivery and innovations in technology. It is no accident that the construction industry has turned to the manufacturing sector as a point of reference and source of innovation. Quality Management has increasingly been adopted by construction companies as an initiative to solve quality problems and to meet the needs of the final customer. This research therefore aims at evaluating the Quality Management Practices of Indian Contractors with emphases on D1 K1 contractors registered with the ABC Steel company and to achieve this aim, three specific objectives were set for the study and they are to determine whether Indian contractors are committed to Quality Management Planning in the delivery of construction projects; to determine the challenges encountered by contractors while implementing quality assurance during the execution of projects and proposing measures for effective quality assurance practice.

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The issue of reducing the vehicles power consumption emerged nearly at the same time when vehicle itself was invented. In the beginning fueling stations were few in number and we wanted low fuel consumption vehicle which could cover large distances and so as to increase fuel efficiency of vehicle; there are various constraints that act on the vehicle out of which drag force plays an important role in reduction of fuel efficiency so reduction of drag is becoming very important challenge for all the automobile manufacturers because the aerodynamic characteristics directly affects the stability, driving characteristics, safety, operation and fuel consumption of automobiles. Wind tunnel is used in aerodynamic research and it is also used to study the effect of air which is moving over solid objects. This paper's objective is to analyze aerodynamic characteristics of circular, square, semi-circular, aerofoil, etc, shapes using wind tunnel method.

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Heat transfer is a way of energy exchange which takes place between a higher temperature object to that of a lower. This heat transfer happens in three different types, namely: conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction is a type of contact heat transfer in which when a temperature gradient exists, there is a flow of energy from higher potential to lower. Conduction heat transfer varies depending on the many factors such as material properties, temperature gradient, the phase of the material (solid. liquid or gas), distance, etc.

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The aim of this paper is to reduce the inventory in an automobile shop. Zero Inventory concept is a cost-effective philosophy. Zero inventory concept originally came from Toyota. It has certainly brought a huge success to Toyota. An automobile shop in which no or very little inventory in storage, simply ordering exactly what it needs to sell and receiving it in a timely manner is known as the zero inventory based system. Zero Inventory is the goal of JIT (Just-In-Time) inventory management in an automobile shop. When we use Zero Inventory concept in an automobile shop then various costs are reduced like, inventory carrying cost, inventory handling cost, infrastructure & maintenance cost, safety and security cost etc. Zero Inventory concept in any organization improves the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and reduce the total optimum cost and total optimum time. Zero Inventory focuses on the process not on product. The conclusion of this research indicates that Zero Inventory system is successful in an automobile shop and operating Zero Inventory system leads to many advantages to an automobile shop.

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The present article discusses the review on use of various desiccant materials used in dehumidification applications for the comfort cooling in building. The opportunities for the development in desiccant materials for wide spread use in desiccant based alternative cooling technologies in the field of space cooling. The different kinds of desiccant materials such as silica-gel, activated carbon, zeolite etc. were getting highlighted and compared in the present paper. The desiccant material which gets reactivated approximately at ambient conditions are the main aim for the researchers to save energy required for the regeneration of rotary dehumidifiers used in desiccant based hybrid cooling systems. An important aspect that leads to the further development in rotary desiccant dehumidifiers for the application of different adsorbent is also summarized in the present work.

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An energy storage system challenges Phase Change material (PCM) to enhance the storage performance. Since most of PCMs stands to relatively low thermal conductivity, this in turn reduces the systems performance. In this study a compound metal foam/nano particles enhancement technique was used to improve the charging and discharging ability of the paraffin wax. The influence of open cell metal foam structure and nano particle volume fraction on the instantaneous evolution of the solid-liquid interfaces, distribution of temperature gradients in compound PCM were investigated.

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