The objective of this work was to construct a simple innovative HHO gas generation system and evaluate the effect of combustion with HHO addition, as an engine performance improver, into gasoline fuel on engine performance and emissions. HHO cell was designed, fabricated and optimized for maximum HHO gas productivity per input power. This project consists of a small electrolysis fuel cell, non-return valves, 12V Battery, Two stroke SI engine and carbon filter. The electrolysis fuel cell is used to generate HHO gas (electrolysis process) by using 12-volt battery. The carbon filter is used to absorb the water and dirt particles from HHO gas. And then these gases pass to the engine after the carburettor and control the gasoline charge. The results showed that the HHO gas maximum productivity of the cell was 18 L/h when using 2neutrals plates with 1 mm distance and 6 g/L of KOH. The results also showed 10% increment in the gasoline engine thermal efficiency, 34% reduction in fuel consumption, 18% reduction in CO, 14% reduction in HC and 15% reduction in NOx.

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Internet of Things ( IoT ) is a technology which enables the computing devices, physical and virtual objects / devices to be connected to the internet so that users can control and monitor devices with greater ease. The Internet of Things has been considered as the third revolution in the digital technology after the computer and the Internet and it brings significant advantages in every field of Automation. The IoT offers huge potential for development of various applications namely - Industrial Automation, Home Automation, Agricultural Automation, Healthcare Monitoring, Military Applications, Infrastructural Management, e-governance, Environmental Monitoring, Energy Management, Transport Systems and numerous others. In this paper, brief overview of framework for development of IoT based Automation Systems are presented. The proposed new generic framework is helpful for controlling and monitoring the various fields like Industries, Smart Homes, Hospitals, Agricultural fields, Transportation system etc. and implemented based on Arduino and the IoT devices like ESP8266, X-bee, GSM SIM900,Bluetooth, RFID and various sensors.

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Concrete is a dominant part of construction industry. In India, ordinary concrete contains natural sand obtained from riverbeds as fine aggregates. In recent times with a boost in construction activities, there is a significant increase in the consumption of concrete causing the scarcity of natural sand. Because of several environmental issues thereby government imposing a ban on the uncontrolled use of natural sand. This has resulted in the significant rise in cost of natural sand. Therefore, to find a substitute to river sand has become the necessary in last two decades. The progressive use of crushed sand will conserve the natural resources for the sustainable development of the concrete in construction industry.

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A rising category of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications involves the acquisition of enormous amounts of sensory data from battery powered, low computation and low memory wireless sensing element nodes. The topology of the WSNs will vary from a straightforward star network to a sophisticated multi-hop wireless mesh network [3]. The propagation technique between the hops of the network are often routing or flooding. In engineering science and telecommunications, wireless Sensor Network an active analysis space with numerous workshops and conferences organized annually, that's why I even have chosen this subject. The aim of this paper is to boost the performance of the network by using the Adaptive Delta & Shannon Fano Codes using fraction 2 or 3. The lossless Compression Codes instead of Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) are used to get high Signal to Noise ratio and additional reduced data size.

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The position of the phreatic surface influences the stability of the earth dam because of potential piping due to excessive gradient and sloughing because of the softening and weakening of the soil mass as it touches the downstream slope. When the pervious earth material are placed at outer and impervious earth materials are placed at central portion of the earthen dam, these type of dam are called Zone type earthen dam. The main advantage of this type of dam is that, it does not require huge amount of same earth materials, Central impervious core material are more effective to resist the seepage through the dam body. In this paper a laboratory model is constructed and analysis with an intension to keep the stability of the zone type earth dam against seepage of water with different pool level. The experimental arrangement, data acquisition system and variable measures in the scale down model study in smooth bed are given below. Boards are kept 10 mm to carry forward the experiment.

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Design of median filter capable of filtering 36 pixels which has the efficiency of a conventional filter of size 9. This is achieved by dividing the sliding window matrix of a 6X6 matrix into four 3X3 matrix. Main idea is to synchronize all four 3X3 matrix for Median operation so that it can reproduce conventional 6X6 matrix sliding window. Four different mean values are replaced at a time making the processing speed comparatively quicker than conventional 6X6 Median sorting. Filter size is fixed and the Median operation is done through adaptive median sorting algorithm to minimize the processing time. Data driven clock gating techniques are used in the system to reduce switching transition.

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Object detection is widely used in the world of Neural Network based classifiers are used together with other object detection techniques. The aim of this study was to explore the modern open source based solutions for object detection on detecting traffic signals on road. Tensor Flow Object Detection API, an open source framework for object detection related tasks, was used for training and testing an SSD (Single-Shot Multi box Detector) with Mobilenet- model. The model was tested as pre-trained and with fine-tuning with a dataset consisting of images extracted from video footage of traffic signal. Following hypotheses were examined: 1) Pre-trained model will not work on the data without fine-tuning. 2) Fine-tuned model will work reasonably well on the given data. 3) Fine-tuned model will have problems with occlusion and picture against roadside. 4) Using more variable training data will improve results on new images.

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Character translation is the technique which is used for the translate character in the one language to another language like Marathi to Hindi or Hindi to English. The translator is taking the character which is segmented by the character segmentation and then translates it into our specific language. The purpose of this project is to develop such a tool which takes an Image as input and extract characters (alphabets, digits, symbols) from it. This Image can be of handwritten document or Printed document. Also it can be used as a form of data entry from printed records. And to translate the recognized character into specified Indian language. In this proposed system detecting text from an image is an important prerequisite for the content based image analysis process. All users are understand the contents of an image or the valuable information, there is need of analysing the text appears in it. The purpose of this design document is to explore the logical view of architecture design, sequence diagram, data flow diagram, and user interface design of the software for programming. The operation such as recognition, detection, segmentation and translation and displaying the text present in the images.

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In this work the concentration is on the work related to traffic assessment to model a ring road for the busy area of a city. Traffic assessments can be usually carried out by municipalities for new proposed projects or developments, rezoning requests, traffic congestions, future regional planning and conducting traffic surveys in order to study the traffic behavior in accordance to specific future traffic projection. Usually traffic assessment studies the provided recommendation for some improvements to the area. Here traffic survey is followed by forecasting of traffic for future year 2045 and ring road is recommended to plan with immediate effect.

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Machining is highly recommended operation to produce desired shape & size products. In turning operation, tool must be harder than the workpiece. To carry out machining operations by single point cutting tool, it must be provided with proper angles & nose radius. Rough turning with large amount of process parameters creates more wear on tools. Due to that it increases the cutting force. So, to reduce the cutting force, there are some different methods & technologies are developed in modern era. Edge honing is considered as one of the techniques to optimise cutting force for the cutting tools. It can be used to provide proper edge radius on the tools & hence to improve surface finish of machined parts. Influence of various types & dimensions of tool edge radius on tool life is studied & optimisation of cutting force & surface roughness for particular tool-workpiece combination is found out. Cutting speed and depth of cut has the main impact on the surface finish and cutting force respectively.

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One such type of by-product from the iron smelting industry is iron slag, which is formed from the blast-furnaces of iron industry. This blast furnace slag is used to make a cementitious material by grinding it into a fine powder, which is called Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag or GGBS. The same blast furnace slag is used to make a glassy granular product (GBFS) which can be used as fine aggregate. GGBS has cementitious properties and can be very useful in the design and development of high quality cement paste/mortar and concrete. GGBS cement is accessorial to concrete, within the concrete manufacturer's batching plant in conjunction with Portland cement, aggregates and water. Growing ecological limitations to the use of sand from river beds leads to search for alternatives mainly near the larger urban areas. This has brought in brutal strains on the accessibility of sand forcing the construction business to look for substitute building materials without compromising the strength criteria of concrete. Granulated blast furnace slag is one of the promising sustainable solutions as they are obtained as solid wastes generated while production of iron. Hence it eliminates the solid waste disposal problem and other ecological issues. Present experimental work explores the opportunity of using GBFS as replacement of natural sand in concrete and GGBS as replacement of cement in concrete. In our experiments it was found that both GGBS can be used successfully to partially replace cement in concrete by 55%.

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Now-a-days Health care Environment has become technology oriented. Humans are facing a problem of unexpected death due to the reason of heart attack which is because of lack of medical care to patient at right time. So we are developing project to avoid such sudden death rates by using Body Health Monitoring. In this system a patient will be carrying hardware having sensors and android phone application, the sensors will sense the body temperature and heart rate of patient and these data is transferred to android smart phone via Bluetooth/Wi-Fi. System has the cloud database which stores all information about patient’s health and the Doctors will prescribe medicine using this information stored on cloud. Device even it allows patient to move freely and can be monitored continuously. The android phone will be containing an application which will detect the heart attack according to the received data respectively and if any abnormalities are found regarding heart attack message will be send to patient’s doctor, relatives and hospitals. The SMS contains patients situation and location (via GPS) to provide urgent medical attention.

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To mitigate emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, it is necessary to develop alternative ways by which sustainable development can be improved. While creating paper different squanders are turns out from the different procedures in paper ventures. The primer waste from paper industry is named as hypo sludge. In this study the material obtained from the paper industry waste (hypo sludge) is partially replaced with Portland cement at different replacement levels. The properties of concrete was investigated which includes workability, setting time, compressive strength and optimum percentage of hypo sludge as supplementary cementations material (SCM) is also determined. This dissertation discusses various combination of cement with hypo sludge in concrete. Earlier study shows that hypo sludge is very rich in lime content and thus it works as a partial replacement material in concrete. Past studies also shows that the presence of silica, magnesium and calcium in hypo sludge makes it similar to that of cement and hence there is a possibility to replace cement with hypo sludge. The Hypo sludge can minimize the demand for cement and reduce the construction cost. This dissertation deals with experimental investigations to evaluate the optimum percentage of hypo sludge to be used for manufacturing concrete. M30 and M40 grade of concrete were used in this study. Different percentage of hypo sludge i.e. 3%, 5%, 7%, 10% and 12% is replaced by OPC cement of 43 grades. The outcome demonstrates that the quality of the solid increments by adding hypo sludge up to 10%. Be that as it may, additionally increment in hypo sludge diminishes the compressive strength.

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Cloud computing is a method or technique for enabling convenient, on demand network access to a shared pool of computing resources (such as computer networks, servers, applications, storage, and services) that can be continuously provisioned and released with minimum management efforts. In this paper we have used some of the existing performance monitoring tools and techniques popular among variety of users. During this study a number of factors such as response time, bandwidth and latency etc. have been determined. Considering the frequency of factors appearing from the review work it has been inferred that the cloud response time is very crucial for the cloud performance and selected for further study.

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Breast cancer is leading cause of women death. Mammogram is used to detect breast cancer in women. In this paper the methodology is based on Region Growing Algorithm to detect breast mass and classification. The proposed system deals with four steps. First step is enhancement of mammogram image using stochastic homomorphic filtering. Second step is image segmentation where the enhanced image segmented using local seed region growing algorithm. Third step is feature extraction using Canny Edge Detection. Finally, the fourth step is classification of mass as either benign or malignant using support vector machine.

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Most of the steel structures in India are made of conventional steel sections (such as angle, channel and beam sections). However, new hollow steel sections (such as square and rectangular hollow sections) are gaining popularity in recent steel constructions due to a number of advantages such as its higher strength to weight ratio, better fire resistance properties, higher radius of gyration, lesser surface area, etc. This type of hollow sections can save cost up to 30 to 50% over the conventional steel sections (Tata Steel brochure, 2012). But unlike the conventional steel sections these hollow sections do not have standard connection details available in design code or in published literature. To overcome this problem the objective of the present study was identified to develop a suitable and economic connection detail between two square hollow sections which should be capable of transmitting forces smoothly and easy to be fabricated. To achieve the above objective, a square hollow beam to square hollow column connection was selected and modeled in commercial finite element software ABAQUS. This model was analyzed for nonlinear static (pushover) analysis considering a number of connection details. Following four alternative scheme of connection details were selected for this study: (i) using end-plate, (ii) using angle section, (iii) using channel sections, and (iv) using collar plates. The base model (rectangular hollow beam welded to one face of the rectangular hollow column) is also studied for reference. The performance of the selected connection details are compared and the best performing connection details is recommended for rectangular hollow beam-to- rectangular hollow column joints. The result shows that the load carrying capacity of the joint and the maximum deformation capacity is highly sensitive to the type of connection used. Also, the location of formation of plastic hinges in the structure (which can be at joint or at beam) depends highly on the type of connection used.

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This paper is about the fabrication and testing of banana fiber eco-friendly carry bag. Now a day the government banned the plastics bags by 2019. In our project we are try to change the material of the carry bag by banana fiber. This will help to keep the environment healthy and pollution free. By implementing our project we can reduce the usage of the plastics and keep the world away from the plastics. Natural fibers are best in both cost savings and low in density when compared to glass fibers. They are grown steadily in many applications. A natural fiber is a resource to synthetic fibers, as reinforcement for polymeric materials for the manufacture is very cheap, renewable and environment friendly.

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Planning and Scheduling are the very essential in the big infrastructure project like road and bridge construction, Metro rail projects as these are intended for public welfare. These projects are have numerous stakeholders and large amount of money, resources are invested. Improper planning and scheduling leads to loss of resources, increase in project cost and unpleasant delays. But thanks to the computer and software evolution, it now possible to plan these projects using software's like Primavera P6 and Microsoft office project. This paper deals with advantage and added benefits of Web based primavera P6 for planning and scheduling of Pune Metro Rail Project.

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Multi cloud is an important concept for these days for the organization people who do on-line method. It provides information to the user through cloud computing technology. User of the Cloud need to store sizable amount of knowledge within the cloud, by providing storage here we have a tendency to use the dynamic storage mechanism with the assistance of MD5 rule. The MD5 rule may be a wide used hash operates manufacturing a 128-bit hash price. MD5 is employed for science hash operates. For dynamic cloud resource allocation here we have a tendency to use accommodative list programming (ALS) and accommodative min-min programming (AMMS). This pair of ways is used for programming the task, that additionally worked within the offline mode and it works as a static resource allocation repeatedly with predefined frequency. And that we use 3DES cryptography methodology in every file and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) rule for the cryptography of personal key. And additionally we have a tendency to embrace dynamic file slicing victimization framework interface for determination the key management and key distribution problems.

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Public distribution system i.e. rationing distribution is one of the widely controversial issues that involves corruption and illegal smuggling of goods. All these happen because every job in the ration shop involves manual work and there are no specific high-tech technologies to automate the job. Because of intervention of manual work there are lots of illegal activity occurs like wrong entry in register of shop about the amount of products that given to the people, sometimes there is chance of distribution of low quality products than actual product provided by government for poor people, people do not have idea about how much quantity of good provided by government to them etc. In this project we propose the concept about to replace manual work in public distribution system (rationing distribution system) as E-government is increasingly used to improve transparency in the government sector and to combat against corruption.

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This is a review paper on swaging process and customized swaging machine that we were visited. Swaging machine is basically used to swage the parts. Swaging means reducing the diameter of rod. It also used for giving specific shape. The paper deals about swaging. Its types and development of new machine.

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This paper provides a multi-disciplinary overview of the research issues and achievements in the field of Big Data and its visualization techniques and tools. The main aim is to summarize challenges in visualization methods for existing Big Data, as well as to offer novel solutions for issues related to the current state of Big Data Visualization. This paper provides a classification of existing data types, analytical methods, visualization techniques and tools, with a particular emphasis placed on surveying the evolution of visualization methodology over the past years. Based on the results, we reveal disadvantages of existing visualization methods. Despite the technological development of the modern world, human involvement (interaction), judgment and logical thinking are necessary while working with Big Data. Therefore, the role of human perceptional limitations involving large amounts of information is evaluated. Based on the results, a non-traditional approach is proposed: we discuss how the capabilities of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality could be applied to the field of Big Data Visualization. We discuss the promising utility of Mixed Reality technology integration with applications in Big Data Visualization. Placing the most essential data in the central area of the human visual field in Mixed Reality would allow one to obtain the presented information in a short period of time without significant data losses due to human perceptual issues. Furthermore, we discuss the impacts of new technologies, such as Virtual Reality displays and Augmented Reality helmets on the Big Data visualization as well as to the classification of the main challenges of integrating the technology.

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Among all the construction materials that are available for construction, we know that concrete is a widely used construction material for building of various civil engineering structures. Concrete will give better durability and also its costs during construction as well as maintenance are very low when compared to other construction materials. As we know that concrete is strong in construction and weak in tension and tends to fail because of its deficiencies such as low tensile strength, low strain at fracture. The weakness of concrete is due to the presence of micro cracks at mortar aggregate interface. To overcome the existing problems addition of fibers in the concrete has been come in to practice. In fiber reinforced concrete the fibers are added to the concrete mix so that those are discontinuous fibers will be uniformly distributed in the mix and improve the concrete properties in all directions. To get more improvement in the mechanical properties work has been done by combining two different types of fibers knows as hybridization. In present experimental work for M25 grade of concrete can be designed according to IS 10262:2009 with four different proportions of hybrid fibers are added with concrete ingredients. The proportion of steel and polypropylene fibers are added by 50% each with different hybridization ration i.e. 0%,0.5%, 1.0 %, 1.5% and steel fibers are added by volume of concrete and polypropylene is added by weight of cement. For strength parameters compressive, tensile, flexural, impact strength specimens are casted and cured for 28 days and tested for hardened concrete and for fresh concrete slump and compaction factor test is carried to know the workability of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. For durability study Sorptivity test is carried out to know the absorption of water by capillary. To evaluate the strength parameters different tests are conducted and results are tabulated. From the present work results show that 1.5 % addition of hybrid fiber gives maximum results in all the strength parameters compare to other different hybrid ratios.

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Now-a-days numbers of vehicles are increasing and problems like maintenance, puncture also arises along with it. To fix this problem no source are available nearby. Thus simple devices are needed to overcome this problem. The toggle jack is a mechanical device designed to lift heavy equipment's or loads. Screw threads are the main component in toggle jack. The significance to modify existing toggle jack are ergonomic snags experienced by the operator due to prolonged bending, squatting position which leads to backache, waist pain, and also for the pregnant women's and old persons. In electric toggle jack, energy or power required lifting the vehicle is insufficient also same issue arises in remote areas where electric supply is not available. To avoid the problem of electric jack and health issue, we modified toggle jack by using gear arrangement.

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In the present scenarios, data transferring between the systems plays a vital role as the technologies are increasing day-by-day the number of users is simultaneously increasing. This wide usage leads to major issues in the digital communication systems and results in data corruptions. It's very necessary for the telecommunication to reduce the data corruption by providing a suitable solution to the errors occurred in the communication process. One such method that decodes the process by simultaneously correcting the process effectively is Viterbi algorithm. For decoding the convolution codes Viterbi algorithm is the highest recognizable algorithm. This algorithm may be described with software as well as hardware implementations. To engage well organized communications an efficient data is presented by the digital systems. Data corruptions are the important issue confronted by the digital communication systems. To decrease data corruptions error correcting codes is a best technique. Al most all communication systems followed it because it's power to decode efficiently, even Viterbi algorithm needs very typical hardware. While the decoding operation is in advance, the functioning obstructions can be eliminated, So that an improved method, Adaptive Viterbi Algorithm is used. The decoding of codes can be done very fast, as this algorithm is very effective in high speed functions. Convolution codes are used to gain a possible code sequences AVA uses maximum –likelihood decoding process.

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