Learning and interaction are viewed as two related but distinct topics in developmental robotics. Many studies focus solely on either building a machine or robot that can acquire new knowledge and learn to perform new tasks, or designing smooth human-machine interactions with pre-acquired knowledge and skills. These focuses on linking language learning with human-machine interaction, showing how better human-machine interaction can lead to better language learning by machine or robot. Toward this goal, we developed a real-time human-machine interaction paradigm in which a machine learner acquired lexical knowledge from a human teacher through free-flowing interaction.

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In recent years, mining infrequent itemsets over weblog databases have attracted much attention and their significance in many applications like fraud detection, web portals, information access and retrieval tools, giving information on problems occurred to the users, etc. The weblog is unformed data and contains information about User Name, IP Address, Time Stamp, Access-Request, number of Bytes Transferred, etc. The log files are maintained by the web servers. It gives details about the user. Infrequent Itemset mining differs from frequent itemset mining where it locates the uninteresting patterns, i.e., it detects the data items that arise very rarely. Itemsets which do not occur frequently in the database. All the itemsets which has value lesser than the support, will be considered as infrequent item sets. Data mining techniques like association rules, sequential patterns, clustering and classification can be used to discover frequent patterns. This paper aims to develop a novel dynamic algorithm for infrequent itemset over weblog data.

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Concrete is the most widely used building material in construction industry. The main reason behind its popularity is its high strength and durability. Rapid growth of world population and wide spread urbanization has remarkably increased the development of the construction industry which caused a huge demand for sand and gravels. Environmental problems occur when the rate of extraction of sand, gravels, and other materials exceeds the rate of generation of natural resources. E-waste is nothing but discarded electronics and electrical equipment.80 to 85% of various electronic products discarded in landfills or incinerators which can involve or release certain toxics gases into air, may affect human health and environment. The extreme amount of lead in electronics alone causes damage in the central and peripheral nervous system, the blood and kidneys of human being. Only 12.5% of e-waste is currently recycled also Storage of waste is a big problem in India. In this paper an attempt is made experimentally to investigate the strength behavior of concrete with the use of electronic waste. The work was conducted on M30 grade mix. The replacement of coarse aggregate with E-waste in the range of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Various test such as compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength are investigated and these values are compared with conventional concrete. The test results showed that a significant improvement in compressive strength was achieved in the E-waste concrete compared to conventional concrete and can be used effectively in concrete.

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Wire-electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is non-traditional machining process in which a pulsed voltage difference between a wire electrode and a conductive workpiece initiates sparks which erode workpiece material. Removing material in such way is often advantageous when the workpiece material would be difficult to machine with traditional machining tools due to high strength, hardness, toughness, etc. This process has been used in commercial machine tools for nearly half a century. It is well known that the EDM process has detrimental impact on the surface integrity of machined surfaces. Each spark melts a small portion of the workpiece. A portion of this molten material is ejected and flushed away. The remaining material re-solidifies to form a surface layer known as the recast layer. This layer can contain an altered microstructure, tensile stresses, micro cracks, impurities which can lead to premature part failure when put to service. Surface integrity effects are depends upon both the wire-EDM process parameters and the chemical composition of the wokpiece. Experimentation has been done using Tauchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Each experiment was conducted under different combinations of pulse on time, pulse off time and wire feed. The optimum machining parameter combination was obtained by using the analysis of signal-to-noise (S/N ) ratio, analysis of means and analysis of variance (ANOVA) in Minitab 15 Software. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to study the effect of process parameters on process performance.

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As we all know traffic volume is increasing day by day in cities due to growth of industrialization and urbanization of cities. Thus to manage the present traffic volume new methods were adopted to provide better, easy and safe movement of traffic. The traffic conflictions are major on intersections of two roads. Traffic signals is a way to control the traffic at the intersections of the cities and avoid the conflictions of the vehicles at the intersection. Traffic signals also helps the traffic to move with safety and easily, which tends to minimize the collision between the vehicles at the intersection. In this dissertation we surveyed the traffic volume of intersections of the Rajkot city and traffic signals were designed at Nana Mauva intersection. The one part of the thesis is survey of traffic volume, which is done by manual method, wherein the vehicles are counted manually without using any device or sensor with respective vehicle categories like passenger, commercial and agricultural etc. and the other part is design of traffic signals, which is done according to the Webster's method of signal design by adopting maximum PCU on the intersection in each direction. Webster's method is a rational approach for signal design. The design is simple and is totally based on formulae's laid down by Webster. The design of traffic signals at these intersections in Rajkot will help the growing traffic to move with ease and safety and also helps in reducing the accident rate at the intersections due to congestions and confliction between vehicles.

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Virtual Network Computing abbreviated as V.N.C. is a stupendous technology adverted for remote desktop sharing. It is an intelligible protocol, based on a graphic primitive. This efficacious application is mainly contemplated for triggering and con- trolling remote desktop with in a network. This protocol is intrinsically used for prospecting Graphical User Interface desktops on remote machines within a LAN or over a WAN and providing access to home computing environments. Usually applications on a network can be accessed and executed by users as per the permissions ascribed by the administrator but impotent to access the desktop. The "VNC" is one such application that helps in catering the imperative facilities for inducing specific applications on a remote machine. The ingenuousness and candor makes this protocol competent, robust and puissant. The VNC protocol is utterly independent of operating system, windowing system, and applications dissonant from other remote display protocols such as the Windows System and Citrix's ICA. The VNC server is used for sharing and dispensing its screen whereas the VNC client ganders and collaborates with the server.

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The use of paper-mill pulp in concrete formulations was investigated as an alternative to landfill disposal. The cement has been replaced by waste paper sludge accordingly in the range of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 14% by weight for M25 and M40 mix. By using adequate amount of the waste paper pulp and water, concrete mixtures were produced and compared in terms of slump and strength with the conventional concrete. The compressive strength increases with the increase in Hypo Sludge compared with normal concrete. The values that are obtained increased at 7 days and 28 days of curing for increase up to 12% and then decreased of Hypo Sludge replaced by cement. When the cement is replaced with 12% Hypo Sludge gives the optimum compressive strength. At 12% Hypo Sludge replacement to cement increases compressive strength than conventional concrete in 28 days about 21.08% in M-25 grade concrete and about 16.93% in M-40 grade concrete. And similar. The Flexural strength at 12% Hypo Sludge gives the optimum Flexural strength. Optimum flexural strength at M-25 grade is over conventional concrete in 28 days about 19.48% increase and M-40 is 18.34% increased. The workability of concrete decreases from medium to low with an increase in content of hypo sludge.

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In this research sustainable development of the built environment in developing countries is a major challenge in the 21st century. The use of waste materials in construction of structures is one of the potential ways to support sustainable development in both urban and rural areas. Hypo sludge is a waste product so that material used in the concrete so that type of concrete is called also green concrete. Therefore develop alternative routes during which building materials will be changed. During this study paper sludge ash (hypo sludge) was part replaced with cement.

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Solar air heater is a useful device that can be utilized to increase the temperature of air by extracting heat from solar energy. This thesis is concerned with a two-dimensional numerical study done to predict the influence of transverse rectangular cross-sectioned ribs on a solar air heater’s convective heat transfer properties. Solar air heater is a rectangular duct consisting of an absorber plate on its top and heat falls only on the top of absorber plate. When Different shape and orientation of ribs/baffles are introduced just beneath the absorber plate, there is a considerable alteration in the thermal performance of air flowing through the rectangular duct. A comparison was taken between the results of thin (high aspect ratio) and square ribs arranged in three patterns, namely, single wall arrangement, staggered arrangement and in-line arrangement on two opposite walls. The variation between Nusselt number and Reynolds number range 4000-25000 was checked at a fixed rib pitch (p) and height (e) values. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using commercially available software ANSYS FLUENT v15.0. This result was compared with the existing (Previous) experimental ones while performing simulations under same conditions. Only Two methods were used to find the average Nusselt number in which one method extracted the local Nusselt number at many points and on averaging these, gave the average Nusselt number and the second method resembled the one used in the existing experimental work. The results was evident that as compared with smooth duct, the introduction of ribs led to a considerable augmentation in heat transfer. Good agreement was found between the existing numerical output and experimental results, Out of the three arrangements, the best thermal performance was given by thin inline ribs whose convective heat transfer coefficient was 1.93 times smooth duct’s convective heat transfer coefficient.

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The Biggest challenge throughout a developing country like Asian nation is to make a full network of road system with restricted monetary supply out there. Use of native materials can significantly lower down the event price. Analysis has been tired this area to boost engineering performance of subgrade soil by adding waste foundry sand in pavement sub grade.

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In the recent past, India has seen mass destruction due to failure of structures hit by earthquakes and consequently, lost a lot of lives. Hence, it is of utmost importance that attention be given to the evaluation of the adequacy of strength in framed RC structures to resist strong ground motions. In this project, a 50-year old four storey reinforced concrete structure has been considered, which lies in Zone II according to IS 1893:2000 classification of seismic zones in India. For non-structural members masonry infill has been assumed. In the Equivalent Static Method of analysis, the seismic load acting on the structure is assumed to be an equivalent static horizontal force applied to individual frames. The total force applied shall be equal to the product of the acceleration response spectrum and the seismic weight. It is used only for low to high rise buildings without significant coupled lateral-torsional modes. The structure is designed in STAAD.Pro v8i, considering M15 concrete and Fe250 steel reinforcement for with and without earthquake loading conditions. The demand moments and shear have been noted down from the software analysis and compared to the capacities of the given section. The limitations of this project are that not much is known about the behavior of FRP materials and thus, no standardization has been achieved in it commercially. Also the code does not give a specific method of jacketing columns.

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The rapidly increasing prices of petroleum and diesel have made the role of alternative energy sources for vehicles more significant. Furthermore, the emission of poisonous gases from different types of vehicles has become highly detrimental to the health of the living beings. For this reason, it is the right time to look for more eco-friendly fuel sources. Solar power is a renewable energy source in that the sunlight we use today does not leave less for tomorrow; the sun will continue to shine for billions of years. So this is our very first and simple approach or step to design and prepare a self-charging electric bicycle consisting of solar panel to utilize the solar energy which is available free of cost to charge the batteries, the BLDC motor to convert the electrical energy into mechanical energy. To convert and store the mechanical energy into electrical energy, we have employed dynamos.

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Differential Power Analysis used in the crypto circuits may be attacked by an another/separate party, using power consumption dependence on secret message/information for hiding critical data (information).To avoid DPA and security basis differential logic styles are basically used, because of constant power dissipation. This paper is also proposed a new design methodology to improvement of pull-down logic configuration for most differential gates are secured. Previously the AND/NAND and XOR/X NOR gates in 90nm VLSI technology, using by SABL (Sense Amplifier Based Logic) for DPDN (Differential Pull down Logic). A new Proposals OR/NOR gates are used to secure/protect Differential logic gates at 90nm technology at 27oC temperature with simulate to help of Micro Wind and DSCH to eliminate charge in the pull-down differential gate and remove the memory effect.

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In the present work Blast Furnace Slag (BSF) filled polyester composite with filler content from zero to thirty weight percentage have been arranged in order to improve the erosion wear and mechanical properties of polyester. Erosion wear test was led utilizing Air Jet Erosion Test. Composites having zero, ten, twenty, and thirty weight percentage of BFS reinforced polyester are prepared inside the research facility by utilizing a self-designed mould. Each one of the tests was led according to given standard. It was discovered that wear and mechanical properties are increasing comprehensively when filler content increases. Micro-Hardness increases about four times for filler content 30 weight% with the neat polyester. The enrichment in these properties is identified with vigorous holding between the BFS and Polyester which could have happened due to arrangement of an interphase between the BFS and polyester-grid. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and predictive methods give the erosion rate not more than 15% with the experimental one.

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Hacking is a standout amongst the most unsafe sickness from which the worldwide world is experiencing. This task focuses on how the noxious assaults and the impacts of hacking caused to our locale .It gives finish picture and preventive measures so tackle the issue of hacking. Diverse parts of hacking are talked about here. The present age is as yet slacking in tackling the issue of hacking assaults and in taking out the preventive measures in taking care of this worldwide issue which is expanding step by step. To take care of this issue of hacking assaults advanced security tool are imagined. That is the reason we should begin to consider programmer's brain science the primary method to forestall and stop assaults by understanding their necessities or wants. The innovation of web has tackled numerous issues and conveyed numerous new things to this world like electronic business, simple access to tremendous stores of reference material, collective registering, email, and new roads for publicizing and data circulation, and yet it offered ascend to the most hazardous issue called hacking. Governments organizations, and private nationals around the globe are on edge to be a piece of this transformation, however they are worried about the possibility that that some programmer will break into their Internet server and supplant their logo with erotic entertainment, read their email, take their Visa number from an on-line shopping website, or embed programming that will subtly transmit their association's insider facts to the open Web. This investigation depicts the ability, state of mind and how this will help the clients finding and stopping security gaps and the moral hacking issue is clarified and alongside worldwide issues and answers for those issues are rattled off.

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In the last few decades, a dramatic increase in the losses caused by natural catastrophes has been observed worldwide. Seismic activity is one of the main aspects of these natural catastrophes; this is influenced by the materials used for the building construction. From literature perspective, various studies have been done to improve the quality of construction materials by utilizing or adding different kinds of materials. This paper provides review of research conducted on seismic performance of buildings with bands in different location; these buildings are made by mechanized bricks. The outcome of this paper can serve as a common reference for practitioners and researchers attempting to seek out solutions for further improving overall quality of bricks.

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The metallic dampers are more common. These dampers are often created by some parallel steel plates. And in combination with a bracing system, they undertake the role of absorption and energy dissipation. This part of bracing can acts as a fuse in structure. And by focusing on nonlinear behavior prevent non-linear behavior and damage in other major and minor structure parts. X-shaped metal dampers have a significant performance. These dampers have a high lateral stiffness, in addition to providing damping. So, they were entitled as Added Damping & Stiffness (ADAS). Seismic Analysis of G+15 story building is carried out with and without metallic dampers using Etabs V16. Two models of same parameters of G+15 story building are analyzed. One without dampers and another with Triangular and Tapered Plate energy dissipaters. The comparison between two buildings having G+15 storey. In one building we are using dissipaters such as steel triangular plate energy dissipater and tapered steel energy dissipater, while another one is usual. The height of each storey should be consider 3m. With a different loading condition how to behave a storey is to be analyze.

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The importance of quality has been long recognized in the business environment in order to obtain or manufacture higher quality products. In a manufacturing environment, quality improves Reliability, increases productivity and customer satisfaction. SPC study is a very important tool in production process in order to achieve the Process variation. It is also used to define process capability and stability. Process capability is shown by Cp. The Cp index is used to summarize a system's ability to meet two-sided specification limits (upper and lower). The higher the Cp value the smaller the spread of the system’s output. Cp is a measure of spread only. A process with a narrow spread (a high Cp) may not meet customer needs if it is not centered within the specifications. Cp and Cpk will be equal when the process is centered on its target value. If they are not equal, the smaller the difference between these indices, the more centered the process is.SPC study is performed in any of process in industries. In this, I will be study with the help of SPC, online Control Charts at workplace to find out the variation in the manufacturing process.

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During morning/evening walk time, we all observe the garbage dumps on roads. These dumps consist of biodegarbage as well as non-bio-degradable waste such as plastic etc. This results in wastage of green garbage All birds and animals graze all these waste together. They graze plastic with the green manure. This results in the health disease. We know that wet and dry garbage should not be mixed. But we all are very careless. We are in a habit of throwing wet garbage into dry ones. To solve this major problem, I have made this Two- in- One Electronic Dustbin.

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Network Security & Cryptography is an idea to protect network and data transmission over remote network. Data Security is the principle part of secure data transmission over untrustworthy network. Network security includes the authorization of access to data in a network, which is controlled by the network administrator. Clients pick or are assigned an ID and password or other authenticating information that permits them access to information and programs inside their authority. Network security covers a diversity of computer networks, both public and private, that are utilized in regular employments directing exchanges and interchanges among organizations, government offices and people. In this paper likewise portrayed cryptography alongside its principles. One fundamental viewpoint for secure communications is that of Cryptography. The idea of securing messages through cryptography has a long history. Indeed, Julius Caesar is credited with making one of the most punctual cryptographic systems to send military messages to his generals. Cryptography is developing innovation, which is critical for network security. Research on cryptography is still in its creating stages and a significant research exertion is as yet required for secured communication. The cryptographic models and algorithms are sketched out.

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Steganography is the art of hiding information within cover medium in such a way that it is undetectable. The main problem with steganography in the current system is that it does not differentiate between a highly sensitive document and non-sensitive document. Such a kind of steganography system fails when image manipulations are performed. A novel method to perform steganography based on the sensitivity of the data is developed to overcome the above stated problem. The sensitivity of the data is decided using the K-Nearest Neighbours (kNN) algorithm. As data classification is one of the most essential tools needed for data security such a sensitivity-based labelling is required before hiding data in a cover medium. One of the most important features of data classification is to find duplicate data to cut storage and backup costs. The decision to select the right algorithm is based on the security level assigned to data, size of data and the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the algorithms. With the kNN algorithm, an average accuracy of 90% has been achieved for data classification. In the data hiding aspect of the project, PSNR values ranging from 48dB to 70dB have been obtained. Data classification results in accurate results and the steganography that follows presents clear images without distortions.

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Rapidly increasing rate of plastic usage is in alarming situation in the present scenario. Plastic is one of the major cause of elevated global warming. Uncontrolled plastic waste disposal is leading to the conditions where the landfill sites will only have plastics into it. Also the environmental hazards caused by plastic are numerous. On the other hand, construction industry is flourishing day by day, but the homeless people are not getting affordable shelter. To maintain the personal hygiene and to improve the living standards, housing is the main necessity. In the current study, an alternative to the burnt clay bricks used in partition walls is suggested. A low budget housing has majority of its cost on partition walls made of traditional bricks. Also the manufacturing of bricks requires valuable top soil and fossils for its preparation and improvement. Plastic bottles filled with soil and sawdust is proposed to be used as partition wall blocks. The plastic bottles of similar sizes are sorted from the waste disposal site and filled with material and tied together to form a stable structure and bound together with 1:4 and 1:6 cement sand mortar mix. The cube casted is treated as single block of wall and is subjected to compressive loads parallel and perpendicular the axis of plastic bottles in the blocks. Compressive strength of designed blocks is tested on 7th, 14th and 28th day of curing and results are compared. The results clearly approved the use of plastic bottles in partition walls, as the strengths obtained were within the range and the material filled inside the plastic bottles were found to have no effect on the compressive strength of the cubes.

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NFC is one of the recent wireless communication technologies. Near field communication is technology for contactless short-range communication based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). So there is possibility of eavesdropping, data modification, data corruption, man-in-middle attacks. Solution on these threats is creating a secure channel. The proposed system protocols consider three different factors (Touch and Time) of user behaviour to know the authenticity or authorization of users. In this processing phase, here the touch signals are cleaned for some irregularities via cubic spline smoothing process. Then after the processing, the extracted information represented in vector and stored in database. Here the angle of user touch gets calculated. Also the counter is set for time parameter in NFC devices. All parameter are stored into database. The comparison can be done between stored feature of user and recent feature of user for validation. If user is valid or authenticated then payment or data get transferred to authorized user device. At the end secure communication with NFC device is successful.

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Hydraulic press machine is used in many manufacturing companies for different purpose. Hydraulic power units are main driving components of driving system, consist mainly a motor, reservoir and a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic press is actuated by various methods like hand lever operation, solenoid operation, push button operation etc. In this paper, we have study the automation of hydraulic press, comparison between hand lever operated hydraulic press and solenoid operated hydraulic press. Study suggests how drawbacks of hand lever operated press machine are overcome by using solenoid operated press machine. Time study is used to measure the time required for doing same operation by these two different press machines. Finally the improvement in productivity by reducing the time for operation has been studied and analyzed. Time reduction of operation is achieved by automation of hydraulic press.

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Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is a tool constructed for evaluating the intensity of Heart Diseases. There are five types of intensities present. Each intensity type is denoted with the help of range of values associated with each attribute. To diagnose these intensities ID3 and Extended Sub Tree algorithm is implemented. Comparison of results for these algorithm is been done in this paper. Experiments are done to evaluate the performance of both algorithms and result analysis concludes with, better performance of Extended Sub Tree as compared to ID3 in respect of complexity, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, recall, f measure etc.

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