This project present advanced configuration for Symmetric multilevel voltage source inverter is p roposed. The Authority of the proposed inverter versus the conventional Cascaded H-bridge inverter and the most recently introduced ones, is verified with provided comparisons. The proposed Inverter is able to generate the desired voltage levels using a Lower number of circuit devices including power semi-conductor Switches and related gate driver circuits of switches. This modular structure uses reduced number of devices, including its power semiconductor switches and gate driver circuits of switches. As a result, the total cost is considerably reduced and the control scheme gets Simpler. Moreover, reduced amount of on-state switches in the Suggested configuration decreases voltage drops even, the suggested multilevel Inverter has the lowest amount of power losses. Finally simulation and experimental results are compared with each other and the provided comparison shows that the obtained results are in good Agreements.

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Soil stabilization could be a method that improves the physical properties of soil, like increasing shear strength, bearing capability etc. which might be done by use of controlled compaction or addition of appropriate admixtures like cement, lime and waste materials like ash, phosphor mineral etc. This new technique of soil stabilization is effectively wont to meet the challenges of society, to scale back the quantities of waste, manufacturing helpful material from non-useful waste materials. Plastic like searching luggage is employed to as a reinforcement to perform the cosmic microwave background studies whereas admixture with soil for improving engineering performance of sub grade soil. Plastic strips obtained from waste plastic were mixed randomly with the soil. A series of California Bearing quantitative relation (CBR) tests were dole out on every which way bolstered soil by varied share of plastic strips with totally different lengths and proportions. Results of cosmic microwave background tests demonstrated that inclusion of waste plastic strips in soil with acceptable amounts improved strength and deformation behavior of sub grade soils considerably.

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Recognition of Syndromes of plant leaves is emergent area in India as farming is significant part in Economy and Societal life. To discovery out which disease disturb the plants, mostly the agriculturalist contact the professional for the clarification. So to resolve this difficult, Image processing methods gives the precise and dissolute result. Such systems are useful for agriculturalist as disease recognition of plants possible with slight time and the exact achievement are accepted out in suitable time. There are several image processing methods we can custom such as Genetic algorithm, Probabilistic Neural Network, Back propagation neural network, Artificial Neural Network, and Support vector machine (SVM). Choosing an organization technique is continuously a tough task since the worth of outcome can differ for unlike input data. Plant leaf infection categorizations have wide-ranging applications in several fields such as in biological research, in Agriculture etc. This survey affords a summary of dissimilar organisation systems used for plant leaf disease classification. Also we have discoursed prevailing segmentation technique beside with classifiers for exposure of plant leaves.

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Data mining is used in a wide range of real world applications. New methods and models a have been developed to solve the data mining problems. Utility mining is an important data mining task. It is an extension of Market Basket Analysis. There are several algorithm have been developed to solve the problem of high utility item set mining. But there is still a lot of scope of work in terms of efficiency. This paper presents a review of various modern methods to mine high utility items from voluminous data sets.

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An acyclic vertex coloring of a graph which adjacent vertices are allowed to have the same color, as long as the monochromatic components induced by the corresponding edges have a certain structure. Due to its important applications, as for example in the binarization of graphs, this type of coloring has been extensively studied, mainly with respect to the size, degree, and acyclicity of the monochromatic components. An acyclic vertex coloring of a graph is a proper vertex coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycles. The acyclic chromatic number of G, denoted a(G), is the minimum number of colors required for acyclic vertex coloring of graph G = (V,E).In this paper In this paper, we show that any graph G with maximum degree Δ can be acyclically colored using C(Δ) colors.

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Solar energy is fast becoming a very important means of renewable energy resource. With solar tracking, it will become possible to generate more energy since the solar panel can maintain a perpendicular profile to the rays of the sun. Even though the initial cost of setting up the tracking system is considerably high, there are cheaper options that have been proposed over time. This project analyse the design and construction of a prototype for solar tracking system that has a single axis of freedom. Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) are used for sunlight detection. The control circuit is based on an ATMega328P microcontroller. It was programmed to detect sunlight via the LDRs before actuating the servo to position the solar panel. The solar panel is positioned where it is able to receive maximum light. As compared to other motors, the servo motors are able to maintain their torque at high speed. They are also more efficient with efficiencies in the range of 80-90%. Servos can supply roughly twice their rated torque for short periods. They are also quiet and do not vibrate or suffer resonance issues. Performance and characteristics of solar panel are analysed experimentally.

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In 1960, 'we' at Boeing coined the term Computer Graphics", written by William Allen Fetter in Print magazine's issue of 1966. Computer Graphics is an immense field of computer science and engineering which has been recently become highly developed in terms of research as well as applications. The core objective of this field of computer science is to display visual images and designs efficaciously and in actuality which generates meaningful visual conclusions to the user. And then the challenge arises that how to represent a real world scene over a computer screen in real time? A picture is divided into large number of pixels with varying intensities of Hue, Saturation and Brightness, whereas scene objects are created by geometrical structures referred to as Output Primitives. This paper focuses on an output primitive: Circle. In generation of circle over computer screen two things are considered the most important ones i.e. First is, keeping the calculation in integer only. Second is, lessening the time complexity, which is an important factor in real time displays of visual content. The paper explores the equation of the circle (x – a) ^ 2 + (y – b) ^ 2 = r ^ 2 for two dimensional Cartesian coordinate system which follows from the Pythagorean theorem applied to any point on the circle. In displaying a circle over computer screen this equation can be used to formulate a series and then that series can be used to generate the circle eliminating the direct use of the equation, which results in achieving the two major objectives i.e. Obviating the use of floating point calculations and diminution in the execution time of the procedure that generates the circle.

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This paper present review on design and analysis of pressure vessel. Design of pressure vessel depends on so many factors but two important factor its operation pressure and operation temperature. When vessel pressure and operating temperature get changed every pressure vessel is new according to design factors. In pressure vessel design safety of workers and cost of pressure vessel is the main consideration for designer according to customer needs. For full fill the design demand the structural integrity of mechanical components of pressure vessel requires a fatigue analysis including thermal and stress analysis. The various software are available in market for analysis of Pressure vessel .The pressure vessel parameter are designed in Pv Elite software and verify this parameters according to ASME (American society of mechanical engineering) sec. viii Div.1.for better result fatigue analysis also done on modeled in Pv Elite software to improve the life cycle of pressure vessel. The Pv Elite software is helps designer to comply their design and calculation strictly as per code. & According to ASME SEC VIII. DIV-2. This overall process contains high time for small industry so for reducing this time the all calculations data are store in excel sheet which help as software which use in small industries for checking the validation of design according to standard.

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Heat exchanger is used to exchange heat from one fluid to another with/ without mixing of two fluids. Modern heat exchangers use new techniques for efficient heat transfer. Nanofluids like CuO, Al2O3are highly preferred due to the inherent advantages like enhanced heat transfer rates compared to conventional methods. Literature survey included topics like: recent heat exchanger development methods, processes, effectiveness enhancement, experimentation with conventional method and nanofluids applications, comparative CFD analysis with experimental investigation, methods of preparation of nanofluids and various properties useful for using nanofluids for the analysis. CFD analysis Literatures suggests better results by varying cold fluid mass flow rates while keeping hot fluid mass flow rate constant. Literatures on nanofluids suggest that due to increase in concentration of nanofluid, heat transfer rate increases. This paper highlights the analysis with ANSYS14.5 on Double Pipe Heat Exchanger. For comparative purpose the analysis was initially done using hot and cold water in counter-flow method and later using different nanofluids concentrations instead of cold water. Various concentrations for CuO & Al2O3 used were.0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2% & 0.25% by volume fraction at 1 to 10LPM mass flow rates. Experiments were done at 0.1% & 0.15% of Al2O3 by volume fraction at 4, 6, 8 & 10LPM mass flow rates. Tabulated results and graphs show heat transfer enhancement using nanofluids. Conclusion of experimental results indicates that heat transfer enhancement of 7.4% at volume fraction of 0.15% Al2O3 at mass flow rate of 10LPM of cold Fluid.

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During the past three decades, a remarkable globalization of the world economy has been taken place. In the Post-Cold War era, globalization has got itself rooted in the geopolitics of the world economy. The vast majority of the developing countries have decided to globalize. The important factor behind globalization has been the modern technological revolution, the multinational corporation of the advanced countries is the major driving forces and WTO has an important role in promoting globalization. Globalization means integration of the economies of the world with one another which expand international markets. Integration take place when product and factors move about freely as among the different countries and there are no restrictions like quotas, licenses, 'high tariffs' administrative barriers etc. on the movement of the products and factors. With of the world so integrated that the factors and products will move about to meet the demands of the people everywhere. True Globalization should make free movement of labour unhindered by national boundaries. So in the context of globalization we need a new dictum "Think globally and Act globally". True development is only by integrating and working together by nurturing and including natives, tribes and indigenous peoples. In the era of globalization, we live in an increasingly interdependent world and we live in a "World without Borders. "Free trade which is at the basis of globalization leads to specialization in production as per the resources of the countries. This results in efficiency gain which is based on the "Principle of comparative advantage". Globalization helps to equalize the factor-incomes among the trading countries. In free trade situation, countries specialize in terms in terms of their factor endowments. As a result the wages of labour rise in countries like India where labour intensive techniques are used. Globalization of financial markets increases the supplies of finances at the time of need. A significant gain in this regard is the availability of "Direct Investment". It provides capital, technology, marked-access and managerial skills. Movements of labour are a good example of integration of the countries and therefore of Globalization can prove beneficial for both developed and developing countries. A change in the economic policy, beginning with the middle of the 1980’s, but more precisely in 1991, brought about a drastic turnabout in the functioning of the economy. At domestic level, the economy began to be liberalized alongside permitting an increasing role for the private sector. Globalization also has been effected agricultural sector especially in India. Due to New Agricultural Strategy India has achieved relative self-sufficiency in food grains and its imports became negligible and India is also able to accumulate larger buffer stock of rice and wheat. When the expansion of Net Sown Area (NSA), irrigated area, development of rural in fracture and land reforms played an important role. When high yielding crop verities agricultural inputs like fertilizers, pesticides and improved crop production technologies ushered in the Green Revolution. When Minimum Support Prices (MSP) and procurement of agricultural commodities were ensured and food grains storage and distribution system was expanded at the national level. In this time, liberalization and globalization was also took place with the establishment of the WTO. The fourth phase in India started after the economic reforms of 1991.The nineties recorded the relatively poor growth of agriculture despite its great potential. The GATT agreement signed in 1995 will fundamentally change the global trade picture in agricultural sector. The Indian agriculture sector faced many challenges in New Economic Policy under Wombat it has opportunities also. The crop pattern has been changed, it has shifted from food grain to crash crop which can be problem for food security and can raise the prices of basic food grain. There is a need for some developmental projects and policies so that Agricultural Sector in Indian can complete with the world in this era of Globalization. For the second green revolution includes wasteland development, minor irrigation, functioning and viability of cooperatives, grading, storage of agro-products and their processing cold chains and modern abettors. As a result of Globalization whether India's entry it's the world trade on importer or exporter will significantly affect world market prices which impart resulting changes in domestic prices will have on domestic production and procumbent prices have risen faster, leading to rise the market prices of food grains and general price level. For agriculture related products, inputs and services, all restrictions would have to be removed. Thus; India has the potential to become a major "bread basket of the world".

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Detection is one of the oldest areas of research. The requirement of an effective system that detects frauds effectively with zero loss exists until now. This is due to the increase in the technology, that influences both the ends; the user and the fraudster. Hence it becomes mandatory that the users need to stay a step ahead in this scenario. This paper discusses the changes that had taken place in the area of fraud detection. We have analyzed papers regarding the fraud rating detection and malware detection of application. In this proposed system time stamp of rating and reviews is considered for detecting the review and rank fraud. Malware is also detected before the time of downloading.

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Landslides are one of the most important geological process and they becomes hazards when they have a direct contact with human life. Kodagu district in Karnataka state lies in the south part of Western Ghats with hilly region as the topography of the region is sensitive and any change in the land use cause a landslide and slope failure affects the human life and collapse of the constructed buildings. Thus with its scenic beauty and because of some climatic condition it is also becoming known for natural disasters. According to KSNDMC the rainfall have been noted up to 25.35cm and an average rainfall of 11.9cm over the past 24 hours when the landslide occurred and due to this there have been 30-40 big landslides in the district. These have swallowed whole estates, homes. Due to this over more than 5 people were died, more than 1300 people are seeking shelter in the 26 relief camp in seven districts. Heavy rain fall during the monsoon climatic condition leads to increase in groundwater level which leads to fluctuating water table and leads to the decrease of effect of cohesion and generates pressure in the soil allowing it to the failure. The main reason for this is the infrastructural development in the form of laying new roads, widening up of the existing roads and deforestation for the construction of bridges etc….and also due to illegal quarrying and construction of buildings on river beds which involves the modification of soil strata. Thus the equilibrium attained by the nature has been deteriorated. The construction of retaining walls/structures is one of the method to solve the landslide.

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The present work discusses the adverse structural response of the blade profile with the variation of operational parameters such as material properties on blades. The theoretical designed wind turbine blade model was based on the developed using CATIA software. The model was analyzed using ANSYS software to predict the deflection of the blade. A blade is made of a composite material with a combination of synthetic fiber and natural fiber with aluminum powder.

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Large number of wind turbines are being installed and connected to power systems. In some of the countries the penetration of wind power is significant high so as to affect the power quality, system operation and control and power system stability. In this paper an attempt is made to predict the reactive power burden of the wind farm based on conventional fixed speed induction generator during wind variation and fault condition. MATLAB based large scale wind farm model is developed where STATCOM is introduced as an active voltage and reactive power supporter to increase the power system stability. STATCOM unit injects reactive power to mitigate power quality problems and to get stable grid operation.

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Solar energy which is most abundant source of energy in India and we have not having efficient technology to tap this energy source into varied application. So our primary focus of this project would be utilizing solar energy for design and study environmental friendly vapour absorption refrigeration system. The vapour absorption system is two fluid systems comprising of ammonia and water and it has three phases: Evaporation, Absorption, and Regeneration. Here in this Refrigeration system when low boiling point refrigerant evaporate, it takes some heat away with it providing the cooling effect and changes gas back into liquid. In this system compressor is replaced by generator and Absorber.

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It is very difficult to calculate and analyze with precision the thermal behavior of the walls of different materials attached to each other. The study of composite materials thermal behavior is useful for the determination of heat transfer rate and heat flux. These composite materials which can be implemented to many applications such as thermal ventilations, Insulators, metallic multiwall thermal protection systems, etc. In this study we are going to analyze the thermal behavior of two composites. For finding heat flux and heat flow rate the finite element program ANSYS is used. The experimental test is carried out for heat flux and heat flow rate of composite materials. Experimental Results are compared with the finite element ANSYS results and the validation is done.

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In India Rivers, lakes and oceans have become the out let for sewage and many other pollutants, such as phenols, dyes, detergents, pesticides, insecticide and heavy metals. Dyes in industrial water are visible pollutants that are difficult to treat due to their complex molecular nature and synthetic origin. Some dyes are metabolites with mutagenic or carcinogenic effect. In textile effluent color is the first contaminant to be removed from the waste water before it is discharged into the water body or onto land. In the present study textile effluent is decolorized. The study is supported by SEM topography.

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The side remain of an engine bicycle can be retracted consequently by utilizing an engine and shaft circuit controlled by a driver circuit. The power supply can be given either by an outer source like batteries or by interior power sources. The side remain of an engine bicycle is associated with the engine utilizing a pole. This engine is driven and controlled by a driver circuit and micro controller. The pivot of the side stand and movement of the engine is controlled by the driver circuit which was inside associated with the engine. The movement of the side stand is checked by a constraining switch. At the point when the starter catch is squeezed the engine turns toward a path to lift the side hold up. At the point when the side stand achieves its limit, the power supply is cut off which can be identified utilizing a limit switch. Smaller scale controller and driver circuit are in charge of the bearing of pivot of the engine. At the point when the starter turn will turned OFF the extremity of the engine alongside the driver circuit gets switched. Thus the engine pivots the other way. There will likewise be a limit switch at the first position of side remain before retraction. The control supply will be halted when the side stand achieve the restricting switch. This innovation can be viewed as the lifesaving one. Around 36 level of the mischances happens because of the lack of regard of this sort. Wellbeing is the first and chief inspiration driving this framework. Decrease of human work can likewise be accomplished by this framework.

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Technology is evolving faster than ever before and it's having a huge impact on manufacturing. A transformation in the way products are designed and manufactured is underway. I believe it is important for everyone to understand and appreciate the role technology plays in this shift from paper-based processes to digital processes in the manufacturing world. This new paradigm is known as digital manufacturing and design or DMD. Overall, we will be able to define digital manufacturing and design, explain why it is relevant, and list few of the core components such as intelligent machining, Digital thread and Supply chain of the digital manufacturing and design paradigm.

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Accident! The word which causes Goosebumps to us as it leads to loss of lives, painful injuries and it has economic and social impact. There is need to have an effective and efficient approach to overcome with traffic accidents/incidents. The proposed system involves extracting features from traffic dataset which leads to traffic accidents. A decision tree is a predictive tool for extracting features from dataset as decision tree provides a quantify outcomes. In the initial set of experiments conducted on available dataset it was preliminarily found that decision trees gives 80% accurate results which are considerably larger than most of the other classifiers. In this paper we present a review of different machine learning techniques for traffic incident/accident detection.

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Deterioration in reinforced concrete structures is a major issue faced by the infrastructures and bridge industries all over the world. Since complete replacement of these structures requires high investment, strengthening has become the suitable solution to modify and improve the performance of the structures. Previously steel plates were used as external reinforcement to strengthen deficient RC structures, but in the privious years or so on, FRP composites have been used to replace steel because of their superior properties. RC T-section is the most common shape of beams and girders in buildings and bridges. Shear failure of RC T-beams is identified as the most disastrous failure mode as it does not give any advance warning before failure. The shear strengthening of RC T-beams using externally bonded (EB) FRP composites has become a popular structural strengthening technique, due to the well-known advantages of FRP composites such as their high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. This study explores the result of an experimental investigation for enhancing the shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams with shear deficiencies, strengthened with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) sheets which are a relatively new and economic alternative to more expensive fibers commonly used in strengthening of RC beams. A total of 22 numbers of concrete T-beams are tested and various sheet configurations and layouts are studied to determine their effects on the shear capacity of the beams. One beam of the beams is considered as control beam, while other beams are strengthened with externally bonded BFRP sheets/strips.

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Social networks have been recently employed as a source of information for event detection, with specific reference to road traffic activity congestion and accidents. In our system, we present a real-time monitoring system for traffic occasion detection from accelometer using GPS. The system fetches social media from Accsalometer using GPS as per a several search criteria; procedures social media, by applying text mining methods; lastly performs the classification of social media. The aim is to assign suitable class label to every tweet, as related with an activity of traffic event or not. The traffic detection system or framework was utilized for real-time monitoring of several areas of the Italian street network, taking into consideration detection of traffic events just almost in real time, regularly before online traffic news sites. Finally we develop another and most important module that is Traffic Signal Released as per with help of object detection. Vehicles Arrived We employed the support vector machine as a classification model, furthermore, we accomplished an accuracy value of 95.75% by tackling a binary classification is- sue (traffic versus non traffic tweets). We were also able to discriminate if traffic is caused by an external event or not, by solving a multiclass classification problem and obtaining accuracy value of 88.89%.

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Manual strategy for seed planting, results in low seed situation, dividing efficiencies and genuine back torment for the agriculturist which limits the measure of field that can be planted. The cost of imported grower has gone past the buying intensity of the greater part of our ranchers. Worker agriculturists can do a lot to build sustenance creation particularly grains, if diligent work can be diminished or completely expelled from their planting task. To get the best execution from seed grower, as far as possible are to be upgraded by legitimate structure and determination of the parts fundamental on the machine to suit the necessities of yields. Prerequisite of rice trans-grower machine is expanding these days since it remarkable highlights seeding in well course of action and in well way. Seeding by rice trans-grower spares such a great amount of battles of individual. The general population who utilizes this kind of machine are agriculturists and they are financially poor. This paper gives headings to developments in rice grower utilized in India. Rice planting is exceptionally old technique from numerous years prior and having long history since numerous years and their strategies for rice planting are changed in this decade. Utilization of rice Trans grower machines is expanded yet current machines are costly. So the principle focal point of this undertaking is to decrease the expense of that machine.

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Workforce is the most valuable asset for an efficient outcome of any organization and this is especially true in case of labour-intensive industries such as construction. However it has been observed since long that human workforce in an organization also represent the most complex resource to manage compared to any other resources that are required for satisfactory completion of a project. Therefore this paper mainly focuses on how to identify the different components of human resources management in the construction. A detailed survey has been conducted to identify HRM related issues within the construction company and result were analyzed keeping main focus on the human resource practices that are generally pursued in the Indian construction industry, availability of skilled labour and formal or informal method or forms commonly adopted for the management of the human resource.

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— Latent fingerprint enhancement method plays an important role in identifying and convicting the criminals in different security based systems. Latent fingerprints are generally of low qualities and unclear separation of ridges. There are three types of fingerprints namely plain fingerprints, rolled fingerprints and latent fingerprints. There are different systems working on plain and rolled fingerprints for their automated identification. The area of latent fingerprints is still not fully automated due to their poor quality. It is still challenging to achieve reliable extraction and identification system for latent fingerprints. Feature extraction and enhancement of fingerprint are the most important operations needed to detect the uniqueness of the fingerprint. This paper proposes a latent fingerprint enhancement algorithm by combining the total variation model and multi scale patch based sparse representation. Total Variation model applied to decompose the latent fingerprint into cartoon component and texture component. Texture components further undergoes with the process of enhancement. Multi scale patch based sparse representation method used to enhance texture components. Experimental results on NIST SD 27 latent fingerprint database are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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