Now a day’s credit card is the most accepted payment method in online as well as offline shopping. It is cashless payment and can be used worldwide. It is the most convenient way to do online shopping, bill payment, etc. Due to this the risks of fraud transaction using credit card has also been increasing. In the existing credit card fraud detection business processing system, fraud transaction would be detected after transaction is done. And it is very difficult to find such person, and also it causes losses in savings. Hidden Markov Model is the statistical tools for engineer and scientists to solve various problems. In this paper, it is shown that credit card fraud detection can be done using a very powerful data mining tool and that is the Hidden Markov Model. Hidden Markov Model helps to obtain a high fraud coverage combined with a low false alarm rate.

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A grain vacuum includes a vacuum head supported by wheels for rolling on a substrate. The vacuum head includes a collection chamber having an open scoop like front and an open bottom, for collecting grain and channeling the grain into a vacuum duct. The vacuum head may include a flow control, for controlling air flow through the vacuum, to permit the vacuum to efficiently collect various densities of grain. A method for collecting grain off a substrate by vacuum includes the step of introducing gas supplementary air stream into the vacuum head, to permit the vacuuming up of relatively less dense grain. The supplementary airflow may be choked off to pick up grain having a higher density. In this project we design and develop the vacuum collector with high efficiency. Weight of the grain is also calculated.

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This is about developing robotic exoskeleton arm to assist motion of a hand of physically weak persons such as elderly, disabled, injured persons and can also be used as power exoskeleton. The robotic exoskeleton is controlled basically based on the electromyogram (EMG) signals. The Human– Machine interface was set at the neuromuscular level, by using the neuromuscular signal (EMG) as the primary command signal for the exoskeleton system. The EMG signal along with the joint kinematics were fed into a microprocessor which in turn predicted the muscle moments on the elbow joint. The exoskeleton structure under study was a two-link, two-joint mechanism, corresponding to the arm limbs and joints, which was mechanically linked (worn) by the human operator. In the present setup the shoulder joint was kept fixed at given positions and the actuator was mounted on the exoskeleton elbow joint. The operator has to carry manipulated external weight. The remaining weight on the arm will be carried by the exoskeleton actuator. We are using linear actuator for the movement.

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Plastic waste is recycled in India in an unorganized way. About 60% of the plastic-waste collected and segregated gets recycled back into materials for further processing into consumer products, while the balance is left unutilized. So, for utilizing the remaining plastic waste the other way can be beneficial for saving the environment. The plastic wastes could be used in road construction and the field tests withstood the stress and proved that the plastic wastes used after proper processing as an additive would enhance the life of the roads and also solve environmental problems. Plastic will increase the melting point of the bitumen. use of the innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increased the road life and also helpful to improve the environment. Plastic road would be a boon for India at hot and extremely humid where durable and eco-friendly roads which will relive the earth from all types of plastic waste. This paper deal with the use of plastic waste in road construction along with utilizing process and show the very huge amount of plastic waste can be used for gaining better performance of roads.

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With the increasing adoption of cloud computing, a growing number of users outsource their datasets to cloud. Now a days there is large amount of data on the cloud. Most existing symmetric searchable encryption schemes aim at allowing a user to outsource her encrypted data to a cloud server and delegate the latter to search on her behalf. The concept of searchable encryption provides a promising direction in solving the privacy problem when outsourcing data to the cloud. It allow users to store their data in encryption from at an untrusted server, and then delegate the server to search on their behalf by issuing a private key and encrypted search index.

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Industrial air pollution is one of the major environmental problems faces by developing countries and the researchers keep on studying the various aspects of air pollution during the past years. In most of the studies I found that particulate matter and SPM are keep on exceeding the limits of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Dispersion of air pollutants is one of the major environmental issue, hence dispersion modelling has emerged as one of the most widely used technique for the air pollution dispersion studies. Sulphur, nitrogen and carbon are the major pollutants arises from the various industries and coastal plants and gave rise to various environmental and human health problems which results in the form of neurological impairments, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. This study considers a detailed study of various techniques for dispersion of air pollutants emitted through the stack under different conditions of mass flow rate and ambient cross flow.

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Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. It is also obtained as by product in some cases. Ammonia gas is used directly as fertilizer in heat treatment, paper pulping, nitric acid and nitrate manufacturing, nitric acid esters and Nitro compound manufacture, explosive of various types and as a refrigerant. The most important field is of fertilizer. Importance of ammonia in this field is due to the fact that it is by far the simplest form of actual nitrogen, which can be administrated and the most economical source of other nitrogen chemicals. Hence ammonia is the backbone of Nitrogen fertilizer processes. Its production is the first consideration in the initiation of the fertilizer industry. Great strides have been made in the last few years in the economy and efficiency of ammonia processes. The process available for its manufacture is Habers, Carl Bosch, Claude and Mont Cenis. This will be the subject of study in the project along with the designing of the project and analytical evaluation.

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The Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) is these days broadly used to fabricate different types of supportive networks to beat numerous issues in reality. A standout amongst the most intriguing fields having an expanding need of supportive networks is precision farming (PA). This paper speaks about WSN as the most ideal approach to take care of the agricultural issues identified with cultivating assets advancement, basic leadership support. Utilizing the essential standards of Internet and WSN innovation, exactness horticulture frameworks dependent on the web of things (IOT) innovation particularly on the equipment design, organize engineering and programming process control would help being developed of accuracy water system framework.

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As eCommerce and online service providing business is boosting up with huge availability of internet to end users. User are preferring to avail online services and searching for online purchasing, reviews and opinions of previous users are becoming important for any type of business. Online reviews are not only important for businesses those provide online services but also for the businesses those are not providing online services. Due to high importance of opinions from various users there is one another issue occurred in this era that is "Fake Reviews" or "Deceptive Reviews". To find out reviews published by real users or the users those have really obtained the services from the provide has become the important research topic. As a part of our research work we have studied so many technique that can try to identify the deceptive reviews. During the paper we have discussed many methods and approaches those are useful for detecting deceptive reviews.

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Burnishing is a plastic deformation process; it has become more popular as finishing process. Thus, it is especially crucial to select the burnishing parameters reduce surface roughness. In the present study, the investigation of surface roughness on ball burnishing parameters will be carried out on Aluminium alloy. The Taguchi method of surface roughness parameters (Ra) is developed considering the conditions as burnishing force (5,15,25 kgf), number of tool passes (1,3,5), feed rate (0.068,0.1,0.205 mm/rev.) and burnishing speed (45,120,300 rpm). Optimal ball burnishing parameters were determined after the experiments of the Taguchi orthogonal array. This model has better surface roughness prediction capability and applicability to effective selection of burnishing parameters for better quality products.

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Attendance recording and management is becoming important day by day as attendance and achievement go hand in hand. Employers value attendance as one of the most important work ethic. In most of the developing countries, educational institutions and government organizations are still using paper based attendance method for marking attendance. There is an immediate need of replacing these traditional methods with biometric attendance system. The unique identification of fingerprint makes it ideal to use in attendance management systems. Besides being secure, Fingerprint based attendance system will be an initiative towards environment friendly living. Fingerprint matching is widely used in science and technology for a long time. It can also be used in applications such as access control and identity management. This review incorporates the problems of attendance systems presently being used in State Schools; working of a typical fingerprint based attendance system, study of different systems, their advantages, disadvantages and comparison based upon important parameters.

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Brain tumor detection and classification is one of the most active research areas in medical image processing field. The brain tumor segmentation of the MR image is time consuming manual task. Segmentation is a difficult task because tumors in MRI have different size, shape, location and intensities. In this paper, we have described various brain tumor segmentation techniques. Another challenging task is to classify the image into different classes such as malignant- benign, glioma-meningioma etc. In this paper we present various segmentation and classification techniques.

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The filter is a slow sand filter and is well suited for rural community on the other hand it is a eco-friendly filter which will not harm the environment. In slow sand filter, filtration rate is slower than other rapid filters. It effectively remove turbidity and pathogenic organism through various bio-logical process. It consume less area in comparison to other slow sand filters Bamboo is uses as base material for the filter because it has long life span which consist three layer, upper layer is used for sedimentation , sedimentation removes a large percentage of suspended solids and organic matter present in raw supplies . Middle layer is used for purification of water, which remove remaining impurity and to produce safe water because water is filter through the bed of fine granular material such as sands etc. Last layer is used as water storage tank. Slow sand filter does not have back washing so bed layer can be scrapped periodically.

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A significant revolution with computers usage in civil engineering business and construction process has been presented. Computers reduce all the extensive work specifically through the introduction of programs and software. Lately, software development has effectively contributed in various civil engineering disciplines, as it provides engineers with the ability to perform variety of complex calculations, modeling, drafting, designing practice and several analysis processes for civil engineering infrastructure. Many commercial companies that provide users with thousands of software are available today in the markets. However, the recent requirement is to select the suitable software that can perform multi engineering tasks efficiently and satisfy more specific users demands.

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Distribution transformer being the most vital asset in any electrical statistical dispersion network needs special care and attention. In major power systems, distribution transformer is electrical equipment which distributes power to the low voltage users directly, and its surgical operation condition is an important factor of the entire distribution network operation. Operation of distribution transformer under rated condition warrantees their long animation. However their life is significantly reduced if they are subjected to overloading, resulting in unexpected bankruptcy and departure of supply to a large number of customers thus effecting system reliability. The fault free operation of transformers gives more impact on financial and security in power supply to utilities and industrial and domestic consumers. A sudden breakdown in a power Transformers will influence surprising creation intrusion, down time of the equipments in industries and the repair/replacement of the transformer; it might prompt tremendous speculation and costs. The insulating oil in a transformer can tell a lot about the actual state of transformer and its longevity. This proposed work mainly focuses on monitoring of transformer and transformer oil by using microcontroller (8051) and relay with suitable sensors for sensing parameters such as oil level, vibration, temperature, gas leakage, voltage and current and by controlling it with one key press of keyboard of PC.

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To extract some useful information from an Image, Image processing method is used prominently. The image is converted into a digital form through applying few operations on it. Detection and tracking of object is a challenging task and it is useful in video observation and vehicle direction-finding. Observing a video is mainly used in dynamic situations like tracking of sportsperson in sports, public security, and organization of traffic. This article provides an overview on the numerous methods, challenges and characteristics of recognition and tracking of objects in a motion environment.

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The unpredictable rise and frequent scarcity of fossil fuel accelerated the continuous search for an alternative power source. Solar is one of the renewable and sustainable sources of power that attracted a large community of researchers from all over the world. This is largely due to its abundant in both direct and indirect form. As such the development of efficient and inexpensive equipment for the drying of agricultural and marine products using solar power evolved thereby improving the quality of the products as well as improving the quality of life. The use of solar dryers in the drying of agricultural products can significantly reduce or eliminate product wastage, food poisoning and at the sometime enhance productivity of the farmers towards better revenue derived. A solar crop drying system does not solely depend on solar energy to function; it combines fuel burning with the energy of the sun, thus reducing fossil fuel consumption. In this paper a review of the solar dryer is presented. The various design of the solar dryer is reported in the literature thus far is presented.

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Silica fume can be used as partial replacement of cement which leads to low environmental impact and energy saving. The advantages like high strength, durability and reduction in cement production are obtained due to incorporation of silica fume. Further, the use of glass fibres in concrete is being broad in current time due to its advantages like reduction in permeability, increasing fatigue strength, improved durability and toughness. In this experiment, we have studied mechanical and durability properties of M20 grade concrete containing silica fume 5%, 10% and 15% as a partial replacement of cement with addition of 0%, 0.5% and 1% of glass fibers by weight of cement. Tests results indicated that inclusion of silica fume and glass fibre in concrete it enhanced the compressive strength, Split tensile strength, flexural strength, acid attack resistance. It also seen that maximum strength is obtained at 10% partial replacement by silica fume and 1% glass fibre content.

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The objective of this paper was to develop such a mechanism which can be embedded with social media platforms to stop the inappropriate content to push over the internet. when someone does their comments on a post then there are chances that the comment contains abusive, obscene, insult, threat and similar kind of content for someone which cross the boundaries of social media platforms so to tackle such a problem "Online Abusive Comment Detector" plays a massive role. It detects the content and its kind i.e abuse, insult, e.t.c and on the basis of content send a notification as a warning to the user that the comment you have done contains an inappropriate language and suggest him/her to change the language and if he/she does not do so then his/her account may be blocked for a limited time period.

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Speech, the ability to express thoughts and feelings by sounds has been one of the foremost research topics. The ability of computer to understand human language and to reproduce human speech artificially by computers has been made possible by the efforts of researchers. It deals with interpreting the context of the speech generated by humans. This paper provides an overview of ASR along with its methodologies, techniques and its background. One of the most interesting research challenge in ASR technology is its accuracy and interpreting the speech in noisy environment. Automated speech recognition will continued to be one of the most important area of research in the development of artificial intelligent systems. Speaker identification is one other research area in ASR which can be pretty useful in the context of security.

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The proposed work is destined to create an application that can virtually simulate the direction of growth of nanowire with the change in physical conditions like rate of absorption and desorption. To date, the modeling studies using Kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations have been primarily used to understand the crystal growth and etching processes taking place on large surfaces of 3D crystals. These studies typically simulate crystal growth on two-dimensional lattices using periodic boundary conditions. These simulation methodologies were later interpreted for whisker growth to relate growth kinetics with process conditions. The method chosen for the simulations is the Kinetic Monte-Carlo method, well known for its accuracy of the results it produces and the modest computational resources it takes.

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Industries are basically meant for production of useful goods and services at low production cost, machinery cost and low inventory cost. Today, in this world, every task have been made quicker and fast due to technology advancement but this advancement also demands huge investments and expenditure, every industries desires to maintain high productivity rate maintaining the quality and standard of the product at low average cost. In an industry, a considerable portion of investment is being made for machinery installation. So, in this project we have proposed a machine which can perform operations like grinding, drilling and cutting. This project presents the concept of pneumatically powered multi-purpose machine mainly carried out for domestic purpose. Basically, the objective of this machine is to reduce the human effort, time and carry out number of operations simultaneously. It is economically efficient. It is designed as a portable one. The machine is operated with the help of air which is been used as a fuel. Since the machine uses air as its fuel which is freely available, the machine gets relatively cheap. Humans have applied energy through the use of arms, back and legs. With the invention of pneumatically operated machine, maximum of the human efforts are put to rest. The power generated with the help of air is multiple times greater than the power generated with the help of human limbs. In an industry, a considerable portion of investment is being made for machinery installation. According to some economists, manufacturing is considered to be a wealth-producing sector of an economy, whereas a service sector is considered as a wealth-consuming sector. Emerging technologies have provided some new growth in advanced manufacturing employment opportunities in the Manufacturing Belt in the United States. Manufacturing provides an important material support for national infrastructure and for national defense. The pneumatically powered machine is having a very simple mechanism which is operated with the help of a pneumatic compressor. The aim of this project is to cut various materials like wood, poly vinyl chloride (PVC) pipes with very much less effort and quickly. This is very much possible by connecting the input slot of the cutting machine to an air motor. This motor is a planetary torque multiplier or a gearbox that is mated to a pneumatic air motor. At the end of the gearbox is a reaction device that is used to absorb the torque and allows the tool operator to use it with very little effort. The torque output is adjusted by controlling the air pressure.

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The project titled Child Tracking System is an application that allows parents to monitor their child cell phone. All incoming and outgoing calls, texts and multimedia messages can be seen and interrupted by the parents, who can also monitor where their children are (through GPS), and access a history of where they have been and also check the browser history ,mobile applications. The parent can also block calls or messages to specified numbers These Days parents are worried about their childrens so they want a complete track of them and monitor them all the time, This is physically not possible so we introduce Safety Monitoring system which is helpful for monitoring or tracking the child and their activities from anywhere in the world.The major issue of child missing can be solved with the help of child tracking system as well as parents who need to keep a track of their every steps, this system plays a vital role. The android application uses GPS and telephony services to locate their childs location.This application secretly retrieves all the Call Logs, Message Details, Contact list and accurate Location without the childrens permission or without their knowledge as this application runs is in background and the major advantage of this feature is, if child reboots the Mobile phone the background process starts as the reboot is complete, so the process is never ending. This application sends all the data from the childs phone to the server and from the server to the parents phone in every 10 minutes interval. This application is divided into 2 Apps, one is for the parent where they can see all the activities of their children and other is the Child Part, where the child can only see a calculator while the data is been fetched in the background without childs knowledge.

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The paper discusses about the various methods of optimization in equipment maintenance. Greater attention is paid to methods of decision making strategy in maintenance and priority based maintenance. Decision making Grid is used as a bi-criteria decision making tool followed by priority based maintenance using Jack Knife Diagram. Besides, an analysis on the shutdown repairs of a DRP unit within the premises of JNIL, Raipur is also done.

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Energy demand in automobile and emission norms are forcing automotive researchers to develop new combustion technologies to comply with stringent emission norms being adopted worldwide and continue the quest for improving engine performance and reducing emission. Nowadays, combustion engines and other combustion processes play an overwhelming and important role in everyday life. Researcher and engineers discovered a new technology and powerful tool to investigate natural phenomena and improve technologically critical processes. The spark plug is widely used in various automobile engines as a source of ignition. But due to the increasing emission through the exhaust of vehicles emission norms are forcing automobile researchers & manufacturers to develop new technologies that can overcome this issue. So, to overcome this issue and improving the performance of engines in less emission the researchers are working on to develop the new alternate source of ignition by using laser pulses. Laser is a new technology and emerging source of ignition alternate to the spark ignition system. The flame propagation is fast as compared to the spark ignition system so in laser ignition system the air fuel mixture burns completely so there is no chance of unburnt gases it may helps to reduce emission. Laser is emerging as a strong concept for alternative ignition in spark ignition engine. Laser ignition has potential advantages over conventional spark plug ignition. Laser ignition system is free from spark electrodes hence there is no loss of spark energy to the electrodes, which are also free from erosion effect.

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