This paper describes cloud computing, a computing platform for the next generation of the Internet. The paper defines clouds, explains the business benefits of cloud computing, and outlines cloud architecture and its major components. Readers will discover how a business can use cloud computing to foster innovation and reduce IT costs. Introduction Enterprises strive to reduce computing costs. Many start by consolidating their IT operations and later introducing virtualization technologies. Cloud computing takes these steps to a new level and allows an organization to further reduce costs through improved utilization, reduced administration and infrastructure costs, and faster deployment cycles. The cloud is a next generation platform that provides dynamic resource pools, virtualization, and high availability. Cloud computing describes both a platform and a type of application. A cloud computing platform dynamically provisions, configures, reconfigures, and deprivations servers as needed. Cloud applications are applications that are extended to be accessible through the Internet. These cloud applications use large data centers and powerful servers that host Web applications and Web services.

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This project is established predictive power control strategy which is used to improve stability of power system. This has been done presence of wind farm based double fed induction generator using static series synchronous compensator & super capacitor energy storage system. In our proposed system super capacitor energy storage system used to control active power in grid side converter and SSSC is used to reduce the low frequency oscillations. SCESS is composed of a capacitor bank and a dual switch DC/DC converter which is connected to DFIG through the DC link. In this method, it is used to control the active and reactive power of the Rotor Side Converter [RSC] as well as damping controller design for SCESS and SSSC. For improving the power system stability, an SSSC is used, which is a modern power quality FACTS device that employs a voltage source converter connected in series to a transmission line through a transformer. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) is used, which will predict the future value of the system in order to increase the damping ratio of the system. Thus, the system has been simulated and tested on Matlab software.

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A multi-leaf spring is one of the important components of automobile suspension system. Leaves are basically a series of flat plates, usually of elliptical shape. Generally, a multi-leaf spring used in automobile suspension, consists of 2 types of leaves i.e. graduated-length leaves and full-length spring. The current work is an attempt to estimate the magnitude of bending stresses in the above mentioned leaves for a semi-elliptic multi-leaf spring made of steel. A lot of work has been carried out in the context of leaf spring considering its material and a important progress has been observed in the field of weight reduction, improvement of load carrying capacity when he replace the material of the spring by any advanced material like composites as E-glass/epoxy, carbon/epoxy etc. Finally referring to the grades obtained in the studies, the present work proposes a new idea regarding the construction of multi-leaf spring based on practical applications. Dimensions of the multi-leaf spring are taken from practical understanding and calculate dimension manually from standard chart of automobile spring. The leaf spring has modelled in CATIA and the same examined under similar environments using ANSYS (Workbench 16.0).

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The study involves the utilization of eggshell powder (ESP) as an auxiliary addendum to lime in stabilization of an expensive soil with the objective of evaluating its potential in augmenting the performance of lime. Locally available soil was excavated and transported to the lab where it was characterized. The main composition of eggshell is calcium carbonate (CaCO2) while the main composition of earthenware aluminosilicate (Al2O2.2SiO2.2H2O ) and other oxide compounds calcium carbonate in eggshell can react to chemical substance in earthenware clay compound to form calcium aluminosilicate or anorthite and wollastonite or calcium silicate phase formation of the fired clay bricks .Adding 10% 14% and 20% weight eggshell powder into clay bricks and fired at 1000°C for 5 hours ,affects to the physical -mechanical thermal properties, i.e. high compressive strength and hardness ,good thermal expansion coefficient, good true density and low water absorption .In general, the theoretical compressive strength, hardness and water absorption of desired refractory are more than 7.0 MPA ,6.0HV ,and less than 25% weight respectively. Therefore, the obtained fired clay bricks added eggshell powder and fired at 1000°C for 5 hrs, are potential for use as bricks for construction and thermal insulation. Brick is one of the most common masonry units as a building material due to its properties.

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Since its inception more than a decade ago, the core technology powering Bitcoin and other modern cryptocurrencies, namely blockchain, has seen promising and diverse application prospects in a variety of domains—including IoT, healthcare, security and smart contracts. This paper presents a comprehensive catalogue of literature on existing blockchain technologies and further projections for future implementations. We begin with an introduction and technical background of the blockchain and then provide an overview of the domains followed by specific applications and projections within each of the domains. We conclude with a section on the security issues and challenges to the adoption of blockchain.

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A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC) is a physical electronic authorization device, used to control access to a resource. It is typically a plastic credit card sized card with an embedded integrated circuit. In a Modern Age of 21st Century .The generation are so fast and smart that they require smart card and smart currency. So, we build smart card and smart currency which will be safe, secured and easy to use and also reduce fraudulent transaction as well as printed currency (Note). Here in this paper we are providing the concept of bringing different applications together in one smart card. Thus, the person needs not to carry different cards for different purposes. The person can carry one card and can use the same card for different purposes. In this paper, we are introducing a smart card, which will work for different purposes like voting, attendance and transportation. It will also work as a personal ID.

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In today’s world most of the developments would have been impossible without the existence of electricity. The main mode of transmission of this electrical energy available to all of us is through wires but efficiency is significantly reduced in power transmission through wires. Only 70% of the electrical energy can be transferred efficiently. Moreover it is always difficult to lay cables in remote area. All these factors have given rise to necessity of a concept where the losses are minimized and convenience of energy transfer is increased. The concept being wirelessly transmitting power i.e. Witricity. In this paper we have given an overview of the recent researches and advancement in the field of wireless transmission of electricity. Various methods of wireless power transfer such as laser beaming, microwave power transfer, solar and magnetic resonant induction coupling are explained. We have also discussed the future aspects of wireless power transmission and have stated its various advantages. This paper helps us in understanding thoroughly the alternative method of transmission of power.

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A huge terabytes of data is generated every day from information systems and digital technologies such as Internet of Things and cloud computing. Analysis of such massive data requires a lot of efforts at multiple levels to extract correct and knowledgeable data for decision making. Hence, big data analysis is an area of research and development. The basic objective of this paper is to explore the potential impact of big data challenges. As a result, this article provides a platform to explore big data at various stages. Additionally, it opens a new scope for researchers to develop the solution, based on the challenges and open research issues.

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Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. About half of the total population of our country has chosen agriculture as their chief occupation. As centuries passed, certain modern techniques were invented in agriculture due to the progress in science. Agro-Technology is the process of applying the technology innovation occurring in daily life and applying that to the agriculture sector which improves the efficiency of the crop produced. Hence in this work of project we decided to design a better mechanical machine which is available to the farmers at a cheaper rate and also which can sow and seed the crop at the same time. This project consists of the better design of the machine which can be used specifically for sowing of soybean, maize, pigeon pea, Bengal gram, groundnut etc. For various agricultural implements and non-availability of sufficient farm labor, various models of seed sowing implements becoming popular in dry land regions of India. The success of crop production depends on timely seeding of these crops with reduced dull work of farm labor. The ultimate objective of seed planting using improve sowing equipment is to achieve precise seed distribution within the row.

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Feature extraction and selection is an important step in pattern recognition for the image processing. Feature selection directly affects the efficiency and accuracy of the pattern classification algorithm. Feature selection methods provides a way to create a perfect predictive model and is also used to remove unneeded, irrelevant and redundant attributes in the data. This paper gives the introduction to four feature selection methods with the comparative study. It shows that the selection of the methods is to be done based on the input parameters and the environmental situations as needed.

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An independent expert group should conduct the review based on clear, objective criteria and examine all aspects such as their justification, governance, accountability, viability and integration with other modes, and the review findings should be publicly discussed. The objective of this paper is to present a pre-feasibility study conducted by carrying out household surveys and focusing on the short-comings of the Pune metro to be faced in near future based on the available data and providing suggestions for the afore-mentioned problems. The Urban local bodies must be reformed to make them transparent and directly accountable to citizens, and undertake integrated, comprehensive, least-cost planning considering supply and demand side options. Otherwise, it is very likely that there would be large investments in urban transport projects with very little benefits, and our cities will grow increasingly grid-locked and unliveable. The above given solutions which are given, can be put to use to implement and eradicate some of the issues the metro is facing in the market. Care should be taken to develop an integrated transportation system and not favour any one mode of transportation. If the solutions are given and implemented, the problems can be dealt with and the issues which are being faced by other existing metros can be swayed and a faster integrated system can be achieved in a shorter span of time.

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Although cloud computing practice has been increased extensively due to its more flexible and expanded infrastructure resources, using one of its major virtual (machine) instance service has become the centre of activity. These virtual instances are abstracted from public as well as private cloud and though the cloud security is treated as a prime issue still these cloud instance are vulnerable to DDOS attack. DDOS attack is second most influential and powerful attack seen on the cloud platform. The proposed solution emphasizes on preventing cloud instance from DDOS attack by implementing a new Firewall Algorithm. Here, the packets are categorized either as malicious or genuine. If packets are identifies as coming from attacker, then the respective IP addresses are blocked and thus, resulting in mitigating of DDOS attack. This paper frames the detailed execution of algorithm, attack study and staging results using statistics and graphs.

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Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with the optimization of complex processes or systems. It is concerned with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis and synthesis, as well as the mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering design to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems or processes. While industrial engineering is a traditional and longstanding engineering discipline subject to (and eligible for) professional engineering licensure in most jurisdictions, its underlying concepts overlap considerably with certain business-oriented disciplines such as operations management. Depending on the subspecialties involved, industrial engineering may also be known as, or overlap with, operations management, management science, operations research, systems engineering, management engineering, manufacturing engineering, ergonomics or human factors engineering, safety engineering, or others, depending on the viewpoint or motives of the user. For example, in health care, the engineers known as health management engineers[not verified in body] or health systems engineers are, in essence, industrial engineers by another name.

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The increasing of blockchain-based transactions has made cryptocurrencies scalability a primary and urgent concern. Here we have tried to analyze how the fundamental and circumstantial bottlenecks in Ethereum limits the ability of its current peer-to-peer overlay network to support substantially higher throughputs and lower latencies. Our results suggest that reparameterization of block size is only first increment toward achieving upscaling, high-load blockchain protocols, and major advances will additionally require a basic rethinking of technical approaches. We offer a structured perspective on the design space for such approaches. Within this perspective, we enumerate and briefly discuss a number of recently proposed protocol ideas and offer several new ideas.

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TIG welding has been the most widely accepted welding processes so far in the industry due to its availability and versatility of welding equipment, low-cost equipment and excellent quality. Metallurgical changes, residual stress and distortions near the weld bead due to localized heating by the welding process and subsequent rapid cooling are the major problems to be addressed during welding. Defects may be on the surface or inside the weld metal. Certain defects like cracks are never tolerated but other defects may be acceptable within permissible limits. The 3D numerical simulation ANSYS code is used to predict cracking tendency in the mild steel plate. The thermo-mechanical effect of welding is simulated to study the residual stress distribution and the cracking tendency. As fusion zone of weld comprise of semi-solid phase, considering only the thermo-mechanical effect of welding is not desirable to predict the cracking tendency in the fusion zone as other factors like weld pool flow characteristics, the metallurgy of the zone depends. Thus cracking tendency in the heat-affected zone is only considered for the study. Firstly the thermal distribution developed during welding of mild steel plate was modelled by three-dimensional thermal model. Secondly, the stress distributions arising during the welding of mild steel plate was simulated based on simulated thermal distributions. The structural analysis gives residual stress and critical strain distribution which is further analysed and studied to determine the cracking tendency in the heat-affected zone.

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The mobile ad hoc network is decentralized type of network in which mobile nodes can join or leave the network when they want. Due to such type of property malicious nodes enter the network which triggers various type of security attacks. The wormhole attack is the active type of attack in which delay is increased in the network. In this research work, the approach of threshold is proposed for the isolation of malicious nodes in the network. The proposed technique detect malicious node based on the delay in the network. The proposed technique is implemented in network simulator version 2 and results are analyzed in terms of certain parameters.

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Software testing is a very important part of any software development life cycle. Testing is an important part of delivering a quality software product. Software testing are basically two types manual testing and automated testing. Manual testing requires many effort and hard work, so there was always a need in software testing to decrease the testing time. For reducing the testing time and find the more effective result automated testing is used. Now a day the use of the computer is increased. To improve the quality of the software product is very essential.

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Clustering is a method of grouping a group of objects in such a way that data objects in same group called "CLUSTER" have similar properties to each other than to those in other cluster (group). The K-means algorithm is based on simple idea i.e. Given a set of initial clusters points, assign each point to one of items, then each cluster center is replaced by the mean point on the respective cluster. These two simple steps are repeated until convergence. A point is assigned to the cluster which is close in Euclidean distance to the point. In this paper we will discuss how K-means algorithm is used for clustering of data (objects) and solve problems like active learning intrusion detection, distribution of teachers, clustering of multidimensional geo-spatial data and handling data precision.

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The embedded processing have enabled the vision based systems to detect fire during surveillance based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs).The proposed method for a cost-effective fire detection CNN architecture for surveillance videos. The model is inspired for GoogleNet architecture. The fire are features are extracting the super pixel method. Its computational complexity and suitability for the intended problem compared to other computationally networks. When balanced the efficiency and accuracy. The nature of the problems and fire data. The Experimental results helpful for fire datasets reveal the effectiveness of the proposed framework and its suitability for fire detection in CCTV surveillance systems compared to another fire detection methods.

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One of the real objectives of current innovation is to change vitality framework to diminish unfriendly ramifications on biological system. Earth air cooling is a decent choice for sparing vitality by diminishing the electrical utilization, water use and for lessening outflows; contrasted with customary cooling strategies. Earth air heat exchanger (EAHE) utilizes temperature slope among earth and air to cool the air and to supply this precooled air to the structure. Perceptions demonstrate that the ground temperature beneath a specific profundity remains generally steady consistently. This is because of the way that the temperature vacillations at the outside of the ground are lessened as the profundity of the ground expands as a result of the high heat latency of the soil. Likewise, there is a period slack between the temperature changes at the surface and in the ground. Thus, at an adequate profundity, the ground temperature is constantly higher than that of the outside air in winter and is lower in summer. This temperature slope between the ground and surrounding air can be utilized for fluctuating the states of air before it goes into the room. Pipes are covered somewhere down in the ground and when the air went through these pipes, air is warmed/cooled by the temperature difference between the air and ground. This framework is called Earth Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) framework. In this paper, a model of the framework was created in ANSYS ICEM programming to foresee the cooling limit of earth air heat exchanger. The model was broke down utilizing ANSYS FLUENT reenactment program. The reenactment results gotten by utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) device is approved utilizing experimentation done on a test setup. Great understanding between the exploratory perceptions and mimicked results are obtained. The model talked about in this paper is made of 0.7 m long PVC pipe with 0.075 m distance across. Experimentation done on the model demonstrates a temperature drop of 1.90C – 3.20C at a stream speed of 2.5m/s through the cylinder when the temperature distinction among soil and encompassing air was 10.9 - 20.20C separately. The impact of working parameters on the EAHE framework by differing the pipe breadth, speed of wind current and pipe length is likewise examined in this paper.

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Micro Strip patch antenna is an important concern in any communication either it is wired or wireless network. Wireless Communication is an important role in any type of communication. Microstrip patch antenna is generally used because of light weight cheaper cost and easily installed in any type of communication system. Here we are discussed about the different type and different structure of antenna for different application and also impedance matching technique by using different type of stub matching and slotting. Moreover in microstrip patch antenna which is self- organizing, to enhance the bandwidth as well as gain depending on structure of an antenna.

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CORDIC is nothing but COrdinate Rotation DIgital Computer. This is a versatile algorithm, widely used for VLSI implementation of digital signal processing (DSP) based communication systems. How to use CORDIC in satellite communication is explained in this paper. Specifically, Digital Down Converter (DDC), Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer (DDFS), and use of CORDIC in digital modulator and demodulator has been explained. The algorithm and its applications are first realized on System Vue software tool and then designs are coded in VHDL. Apart from the implementation aspects, paper presents new results regarding the number of branches required for computation. The paper also analyzes the performance of CORDIC based DDC and DDFS on the basis of hardware requirement. The system is implemented on XILINX FPGA platform and tested in real time for its performance.

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The operating system of Android is mainly used for smartphones, tablets and even televisions. Basically it is an Open Source operating system. It is the widely used Operating system for smartphones. Android operating system stack comprised of four layers: application framework layer, application layer, Libraries, Linux Kernel. This paper defines Android software stack and its versions.

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In this paper a comprehensive report has been presented in the light of research work undertaken in the field of abrasive water jet cutting. This machining process is the one of the non-conventional machining processes. Various research has been carried out computationally and experimentally in order to bridge the research gap in metal machining process through non-conventional machining technology.

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Low-rise and medium-rise models shall be prepared, designed and analyzed in the Bentley’s software Staad.pro. Staad.pro is a common designing tool in which the structures are analyzed and designed as per their respective codes. 3 storey, 5 storey, 7 storey and 9 storey buildings were modeled once the modeling is done; different design methods shall be adopted. First, the various structures shall be analyzed without the earthquake forces and then, the same structures shall be analyzed with earthquake forces as per IS: 1893-2016 by considering the various seismic parameters. Design of RCC framed buildings was done as per IS: 456. Grades of steel and concrete were taken as Fe500 and M25 respectively. Rest of the parameters was taken as per the guidelines of aforementioned codes. Result shows that the earthquake resistant buildings entail more material cost (1.16% to 1.35% more than non-seismic resistant building). But the other structural parameters were also increased such as forces and bending moment and displacement as well. The displacement tends to increase 11 times when the earthquake forces were introduced which will not be restrained by the building which was not analyzed with seismic forces. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the building with earthquake forces so that, in future, the building will be earthquake proof and it can easily withstand its forces. Achieving economy is useless if the building fails during such calamities.

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