The Internet of Things (IoT) is the internetworking of physical devices, vehicles and other objects which consists of an embedded system with sensors, actuators and network connectivity that enable to collect and exchange data. The IoT allows objects to be sensed and/or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, and result in improved accuracy, efficiency and economic benefit. The IoT is a rapidly increasing and promising technology which becomes more and more present in our everyday lives. Furthermore, the technology is an instance of the more general class of cyber-physical systems, which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids, smart homes and smart cities. Considering the high-rate development of IoT technologies, and the significant increment in the number of the connected devices, comprehensive overview of the IoT system aims, architecture, challenges, applications, protocols, and market overview were discussed. In order to give an example of IoT solution, a simple IoT demonstrator was implemented using the current affordable hardware, and cloud efficient software. With this demonstrator, the simplicity and design flexibility of IoT solution were highlighted and two of the IBM IoT software, Node-RED and Bluemix, were examined. We see the IoT as billions of smart, connected "things" (a sort of "universal global neural network" in the cloud) that will encompass every aspect of our lives, and its foundation is the intelligence that embedded processing provides. The IoT is comprised of smart machines interacting and communicating with other machines, objects, environments and infrastructures. As a result, huge volumes of data are being generated, and that data is being processed into useful actions that can "command and control" things to make our lives much easier and safer—and to reduce our impact on the environment. The creativity of this new era is boundless, with amazing potential to improve our lives. The following thesis is an extensive reference to the possibilities, utility, applications and the evolution of the Internet of Things.

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This paper proposes the use of internet of things in our railway safety system. In our India there is lack of management of safety in railway; for example we see in Monsoon season there is water over flow on the track, lack of safety announcement in the correct time and vehicle crossing gate not work properly. Those are many problems occur daily. So we can use internet of thing device that control the all that safety measures. We use microcontroller, sensors and actuators to build our project. We use microcontroller as Arduino Uno which is cheap, better execution speed, GPIO and memory. We are using sensors like RFID sensor, water level sensor and actuators like LCD display, speaker, servo motor, LED light, water pump. We also use some shields in our project like SD card shield and GSM shield. Basically this paper is proposes a novel approach to designing our project base on Internet of Things.

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National security is highest priority of any country. Every country secure their national border day by day because technology is also developed in few years. So, terrorists improve their technology for performed operation. Therefore technology is also improved so, automatic gun targeting system (AGTS) as our project. The main purpose of the project is to reduce the responsibility and work load of the soldiers and enhance the border security system using automatic gun targeting system (AGTS). The soldiers are continuously look on border 24/7 can be reduced to some extent using border security system. Using this project we can easily analyse and identify how many terrorist entering the border. In our project we have used laser and ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensor generates high frequency sound and determine the distance to an object. So it cover the large area and one advantage of laser light is visible only source and incident point. So, ultrasonic sensor scan human body using high frequency sound and transmitter port are transferred signal to receiver and a siren is loud noise making device. The aim of the project is to reduce the responsibility and work load of the soldiers and enhance the border security using Automatic Gun Targeting System. Every soldier of any country is a real hero.

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The aim of our project is to design a hybrid vehicle parking system. The working is based on Android OS, Arduino uno, L298N motor drivers, HC-05 Bluetooth module. This is a very simple remote controlled system, with an Arduino and Bluetooth module. The idea is to first code the entire working using our previous knowledge of programming. The code will then be simulated on software and later be interfaced with the hardware. The controlling remote can be any smart device with android. All the controls of the vehicle will be on the app on that device. We chose this for our major project to overcome parking problems in everyday lifestyle and also have a wide scope in the engineering field. It plays a vital role in the development of new technology.

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In construction industries concrete is primary requirement to build. Curing plays a most vital role after construction but requires huge amount of water which is lacking now a days. People are even struggling for water at present to meet daily requirements. In this scenario self-curing concrete can be used which reduces water usage in whole construction work as each cubic meter of concrete requires 3m3 of water for curing purpose Now a days for curing concrete without usage of water, water proofing compounds, shrinkage reducing admixtures, water soluble alcohols are utilized without compromising the strength and durability properties. In this context the effect of addition of different types of self-curing compounds and their effect on the Mechanical properties done by the researchers are reviewed based on the past literature.

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A smart office home system is a system that consists of control and management functions within a home environment intended for enhancing the living quality of its inhabitants through functions such as home appliances of four types based on its primary function, namely energy, security, entertainment, and health care. One of the most common applications of the smart home system is for energy management purposes, such as power monitoring and energy conservation. A curtain open/close controller. To achieve this, the NEMA 17 stepper motor is used as an actuator with the assistance of A4988 drivers. The motor is controlled using Arduino UNO which is chosen due to its low power consumption. The Arduino controls the direction of the motor by using a pulse width modulation logic signals emitted from input/output pins, meanwhile, the control is done by using the LDR sensor. Based on the curtain that can be controlled wirelessly through the Bluetooth module. The amount of the consumed power makes it suitable for low-power operation and in alignment with the smart Office and Home systems.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) where sensors, actuators and controllers come together to ease the human life and share information. The IoT is grabbing the field of agriculture too i.e. Precision Agriculture (PA). One third part of nations capital comes from farming and 70%of our population id depending on farming. Betterment in farming will absolutely lead to the betterment of the nation. The hard work life style of the farmers can be eased with the use of IoT technology. But due to some reasons even after inventions of many different devices for PA, Automated farming, Automated Irrigation system, automated fertilization, disease detection etc.; which are been invented to provide the farmers some ease in their work, we can find only some amount of farmers are actually not implementing those devices invented just for them. The use of the system that farmers are more used to is to be done to increase the acceptance level and make the interface better so they must use the technology made for them easily. A smart irrigation system by EmbedGallery https://www.embedgallery.com/(Samarth mobile motor controller) with the use of mobile GSM technology operates the motor auto- manually from anywhere in India. The farmers are easily accepting this system because it is easy to use compared to others, we will move forward here by making use of IoT technology (sensors and controllers) making the system automated and more precise. (Note that the organization of the body of the paper is at the authors’ discretion; the only required sections are Introduction, Methods and Procedures, Results, Conclusion, and References. Acknowledgements and Appendices are encouraged but optional.).

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For diagnosis of atherosclerosis, Ultrasound imaging has been widely used. The main cause of atherosclerosis is stroke. To precisely diagnose the carotid plaque, the affected region should be segmented from the ultrasonic image of carotid artery. Image segmentation is the important processes to segment the high quality images from the noisy images and it is an important component in image analysis and computer vision tasks. To acquire a high quality image, pre-processing is the first step to be done. The pre-processing step is carried out for noise removal. For the removal of noise, the median filter and log filter is used. The segmentation method involves pixel segmentation, edge segmentation and texture segmentation. The Performance of pre-processing techniques are evaluated using Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR). The performance of these segmentation method is calculated by Jaccard distance. From the experimental result, texture segmentation is best method suitable for segmentation.

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Public Distribution System introduced in India in 1947 for providing nutritious grains or food item to people in affordable prices. The Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and public distribution maintained the PDS (Publication Distribution System) through the network of Fair Price Shops. By using Ration Card which is official document issued by Indian government to citizen of India who fall under certain category to buy subsidized food grains. Under the National Food Security Act, all state government in India have to identify households that are eligible for purchasing subsidized food grain from the Public Distribution System and provide them with ration cards. In recent years, various problems occurred in ration systems like duplication of ration card using fake names or name of dead peoples and for overcoming this problem, Government of India introduced Biometric Authentication System like fingerprint Scan, Iris scan and many more. Government also taken initiative of linking of Ration cards with unique 12 digit Aadhaar Card number which prevent duplication of names and corruption in rationing system but Many People faced denial of benefits of ration due to aadhaar authentication failure and therefore, some major steps should be taken by Government for minimize authentication errors.

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The main objective of this paper is to design, analyze and fabricate a double wishbone suspension system for an All- Terrain Vehicle for SAE BAJA INDIA competition. The suspension system comprises of wishbones, shock absorbers, springs, wheel assembly, and ball-joints. The suspension system supports the sprung mass of the vehicle. It also absorbs the shocks and vibrations arising from the rough terrains and roads. It is responsible for the safety of a vehicle during its maneuver. It also serves the dual purpose of providing stability to the vehicle while providing a comfortable ride quality to the occupants. Nowadays, modern automobiles are incorporating the active and semi-active type of suspension system. Due to cost restrictions, the type of suspension is the passive type. During the design, the focus was more on weight and cost optimization. This paper proposes a method for the design of wishbones, shocks, wheel assembly. Double wishbone A-arm suspension was chosen for front and H- arm suspension was chosen for the rear. The design of the components was done on CATIA V5 R21. It included the design of wishbones, wheel knuckle and wheel hub. All the components were rigorously analyzed on ANSYS Workbench 19.1. It included the static structural analysis of all the components. The dynamic characteristics of the system were analyzed on simulation tools. The output characteristics of the passive system (without variable length arms) were validated on LOTUS software. In LOTUS, various geometries like camber, caster, and kingpin inclination were set accordingly. After the CAE of components, a material survey was done and apt material was chosen. Wishbones were fabricated and wheel assembly was done on VMC. Hence, this provides the scope for an optimized and durable performance of the suspension system.

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Many multilevel inverter topologies have been proposed during the last three decades. Modern research has engaged novel inverter topologies and unique modulation schemes. Three different major multilevel inverter structures have been reported in the literature: cascaded H-bridges inverter with separate DC sources, diode clamped (neutral clamped) and flying capacitors (capacitor clamped). Multilevel inverters are utilized generally in the regular applications due to the high voltage capacity and it delivers the multilevel with low composition with least concern in the exchanging gadgets. Contrasted with the traditional single scaffold inverter the multilevel inverter lessens the music due to the multi exchanging. The multilevel inverter produces distinctive voltage levels by shifting the exchanging grouping of the inverter. As the conservative energy sources are demolishing, in the middle of consequent mount in cost, solar and wind energy offers a major substitute resource which is free from pollution also. This paper proposes an idea of using hybrid energy system with the multilevel inverter system.

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This paper is mainly focusing on Difficulties that can occur and its avoidance or suggests solution for Self-Driving Car in country like India. Self-Driving car is one that works on its own with little bit or completely no manual intervention is required. As technology is getting advance day-by-day, Cars are also getting modifying from Manual to Automatic to Self-Driving. Self-Driving Car is useful in many ways like for Blind people, Disabled people, Cab Services, etc. There are not many difference between a Normal car and Self-Driving Car the main function is to transport user from one destination to other, where they differ is in Normal car user have to drive by himself / herself, while in Self-Driving Car the Car itself drive that is it is Self-Driving Car. Few reason why Self-Driving Car is being not fully implemented is listed in these paper and how to avoid those is also listed.

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In this paper Steganography is done by LSB method. This paper, a novel data-hiding technique based on the LSB technique of digital images is presented. Data hiding is one of best topic in secret communication. A lossless data hiding technique using LSB in images is presented in this paper. LSB data hiding technique does not affect the visible properties of the image. Steganography is art and science of hiding the fact that communication is taking place. Secrets can be hidden in all types of medium: text, audio, video and images. Steganography is an important area of research in recent years involving a number of applications. It is the science of embedding information into the cover image viz., text, video, and image (payload) without causing statistically significant modification to the cover image. The modern secure image steganography presents a challenging task of transferring the embedded information to the destination without being detected. This paper deals with hiding text in an image file using Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique. The LSB algorithm is implemented in spatial domain in which the payload bits are embedded into the least significant bits of cover image to derive the stego-image.

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Multi-functionality in converters are drawing attention of researchers, since it is the main link of grid tied solar system. A lot of ongoing research has been reported in literature for auxiliary services on power quality improvement through multi-functional grid-tied (MFGT) converters. These converters can perform dual work of interfacing solar system with the grid and also conditions the power at point of common coupling. The state-of-the-art of the converter is its design feature which optimally achieve the multi-functionality, hence presents a cost effective solution to power quality issues. A Grid connected solar system for radial distribution system is designed, which is capable of injecting active power into the grid with its inherent advantages to mitigate the Power Quality Issues.

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The objective of this research was to recycle household biodegradable waste using composting as a technique. Mixtures of organic materials which are components of biodegradable wastes were recycled by decomposing them under a controlled environmental condition. The initial moisture content of each of the materials make up the compost mixture was computed and classified as wet and dry materials, and the average moisture content for both wet and dry materials was computed. The dry materials were weighed as they were collected and were found to weigh 18kg with an average moisture content of 34.9% and a chosen moisture goal of 50%. Other results obtained showed that the weight and average moisture content of wet materials were 64.7kg and 54.2% respectively. The compost mixture was scaled down to half its quantity for easy turning. With an optimal environmental condition of moisture content (50%), adequate proportion of both the dry and wet material to meet the required Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratio, and an appropriate volume of air in the pore spaces of the compost pile and microbial decomposition was initiated. At the end of the decomposition, a stabilized organic matter which can be used as fertilizer supplement by horticulturists, landscapers, orchardists, Farmers etc, was obtained.

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It is well known that the effectiveness of the textile machine has remarkable effects on its performances. Therefore, correct design of carding machine and its mechanism is vital. A carding machine in combination with an apparatus for charging a flat coiler can with sliver. The apparatus is disposed at the outlet of the carding machine and includes a rotary coiler head receiving sliver from the carding machine outlet and depositing the sliver in coils in the coiler can. In this paper detailed study of carding machine and its mechanism is discussed. The distinct problem identification will make known. In the proposed work analysis of existing machine will be performed. Design and development of the machine will be performed as CAD modeling will be accomplished in CAD software and analysis of developed model will be done with the help of analysis software. Results will be discussed and design will be finalized.

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Global warming and global climate change is very serious problem now a days. Many international organizations are taking due efforts to cool our planet and trying to counteract with global warming. According pinker et.al [8] the corresponding increase in solar radiation by 0.10% per year from 1983. According to intergovernmental panel for climate change (IPCC) report [5], the world has just 12 years in which to cut co2 emission by half and up to 2050 to get net emission down to zero. UN emission GAP [15] report urged that "Now more than ever unprecedented and urgent action is required by all nations". And some thing that artificially engineered clouds may be one of the important solution. This article includes complete study of feasibility of proposed spray devices and questions arising from experimenting these sprays practically. The paper ends with brief discussion about implementation of sprays in the semi-arid regions like vidarbha also, study of geographical conditions which are responsible to climate in vidarbha region.

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Shear walls are now-a-days resist lateral loads in high raised buildings. Lateral forces means earthquake, wind force, non-uniform settlement forces. Shear walls are generally plane in section either flanged in section. Shear walls are withstood the gravity forces and horizontal forces. In this design used ETABS SOFTWARE, the ETABS are the advanced software compared to other software. AR.C building with G+9 floors analyzed with and without shear walls for lateral loads. Here the lateral load is only used for earthquake. The R.C. building is analyses with different zones like ZONE (V, IV, III, and II). The soil is taken as HARD SOIL i.e., silt type is 1. Different codes are used to design for CONCRETE I.S 456:2000, STEEL I.S 800:2007, and EARTHQUAKE I.S 1893 (PART-I):2002. The shear walls are placed at different locations. This study is focused on the response of a high raised RCC building subjected to Dynamic Loading like wind loads & earth quake forces in different earthquake zones. Upon observing various research works it was found that shear walls are significant in dissipating the seismic energy. Hence the structure has been modeled with and without shear walls and the results were compared. The comparison of the results the shear wall has less storey displacement as compared to the without shear.

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E-learning is a useful tool for improving the quality of teaching and learning. It is a gives of modern science for the development of the traditional education system. Combination of conventional learning and e-learning, the education system can be more affluent and efficient. Education is one of the best keys for the development of a country and e-learning is one of the best ways to develop conventional education system. Compared with conventional education, e-learning has excellent advantages, which cannot found in conventional learning. Especially e-learning is more important for the underdeveloped country because it helps a lot, of college and University students to enrich their knowledge, especially on their preferred subject. This paper will show how to implement an effective e-learning system in an underdeveloped country.

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Present investigational study reflects the comparison between seismic analysis and wind analysis of 8 story and 12 story building of steel material. The analysis and design of these buildings were done in staad.pro software in order to get the final outcome of the study. The buildings were evaluated in terms of axial force, bending moment, displacement of column. Total quantity and cost of these buildings were also calculated. For 8 story building, type A building produces more displacement (13.233 mm) in column than Type B (9.196 mm). But for 12 Story building, Type D produces more displacement (21.163 mm) than Type C building (21.288 mm). Although the variation in both the displacement is very slight.

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Today, the market of Cloud Computing is developing at a fast. Everybody has their information over cloud which gives the facility to move anyplace and get to the information whenever. Distributed computing is a developing innovation in the field of data innovation. Pretty much Cloud figuring portrays very adaptable processing assets provided as an external administration through web on pay-as-ease of use premise. Distributed computing has been imagined as the cutting edge engineering of IT Enterprise. It moves the application programming and databases to the concentrated substantial data centers, where the administration of the information and administrations may not be completely dependable. This one of a kind worldview achieves numerous new security challenges, which have not been surely knew. This work thinks about the issue of guaranteeing the respectability of information storage in Cloud Computing. In this paper we proposed a novel way to deal with accomplish the protection privacy preserving cloud information evaluating framework by combining distinctive techniques. We utilized Shamirs secret sharing Algorithm for secure key sharing and verification scheme. Hash Key is utilized to check the honesty of information and Blowfish Algorithm utilized for encryption explanation behind enhancing information security and effectiveness.

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Smart, integrated power consumption monitoring system has been implemented with the use of open standard technology, commercial research and household items which actively monitors the voltage and current ratio in remote system. The main target for this system is to have it designed and implemented as cost e client as possible. The system allows for a user to keep a track on the consumption of the energy by the load at remote place anywhere in the world. Presented here is ATMEGA328 based power consumption monitoring system that senses these parameters and shows on an LCD display. This proposed system gives reliable and accurate information regarding Electrical power usage through Internet of things (IoT).

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Nowdays, the nature balance is totally change, we have lots of example of natural and also some manmade disaster. In which most disaster which totally destroy the human and natural resources is Flood. We have lots of example of flood like kerala, kedarnath and so on. government also spend lots of money for that to recover it.so here is we need some quick alerting system.to take early action on it.as a solution this paper is publish to not only detect water level also rain sensor is inbuilt. Using this we alert the city or village which affected by flood. This IOT project help us to stop destroy of human and natural resources. We can’t stop this but we can implement some technology to help at least human lifestyle. In which some sensor are inbuilt that detect and send email, msg and after that it monitor by many disaster community.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the field that means to see how PCs can be made to show knowledge. Artificial Intelligence is that field worried about the association of observation to activity. Artificial Intelligence must have a focal job in Robotics if the association is to be clever. AI tends to the urgent inquiries of: what learning is required in any part of reasoning; how that information ought to be spoken to; and how that information ought to be utilized Robotics provokes AI by constraining it to manage genuine articles in reality. Procedures and portrayals created for simply intellectual issues, regularly in toy spaces, do not really reach out to address the difficulty. Robots join mechanical effectors, sensors, and PCs. Computer based intelligence has made huge commitments to every part. We audit AI commitments to discernment and article arranged thinking. Item arranged thinking incorporates thinking about space, way arranging, vulnerability, fitting, and rubbing. We finished up with the outline which sorts of thinking or critical thinking capacities we might want to bless robots with.

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5G technologies can modification the manner most high-bandwidth users access their phones. With 5G pushed over a VOIP-enabled device, folks can expertise grade of decision volume and information transmission never intimate before.5G technology is providing the services in Product Engineering, Documentation, because the client becomes a lot of and a lot of responsive to the portable technology, he or she is going to search for a good package all at once, as well as all the advanced options a cell phone will have. Thence the rummage around for new technology is often the most motive of the leading telephone giants to out introduce their competitors. Recently apple has made shivers all-round the electronic world by launching its new telephone, the I-phone. Options that have gotten embedded in such a little piece of physics area unit large. The 5g style is predicated on user-centric mobile setting with several wireless and mobile technologies on the bottom. In heterogeneous wireless setting changes altogether, either new or older wireless technologies, is not potential, thus every answer towards succeeding generation mobile and wireless networks ought to be enforced within the service stratum, whereas the radio access technologies belong to the transport stratum relating to succeeding Generation Networks approach. Within the planned style the user terminal has chance to vary the Radio Access Technology - RAT supported bound criteria. For the aim of clear modification of the RATs by the mobile terminal.

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