No. |
Title and Author |
Area |
Country |
Page |
51 |
Modular AC/DC to DC/AC Converter with Short Term Frequency Stability in HVDC
-M. Saravanan ; M. Venkatesh
This paper deals with a real-time coordinated control strategy which control modular converter for frequency response model in power system. The existing emergency frequency control strategy is not adaptive to the varying operation conditions and may cause excessive or deficient actions, which could result in inefficient control or high risk of frequency instability. Therefore, a real-time coordinated control strategy is proposed in this study based on the online-updated frequency response model. Also, this problem is peculiar in case of HVDC systems where final received DC voltage is converted to AC voltage for domestic and industrial supply. To overcome this problem, a method of modular conversion is proposed in this project. Due to this, handling high voltage is very simple and control of the frequency is done better. Simultaneously, TCSC based bypassing scheme has been introduced in the system, in case of any critical issues in the modular converter or overall HVDC link. Embedding short-term energy storage to the system facilitates a power flow proportional to the variation in grid frequency. This is achieved using Thyristors Controller based Series Compensation (TCSC) devices. In this paper, with a combination of modular converter and TCSC based systems, a robust optimal Power management system (ROPMS) is developed for a High voltage DC systems. Read More...
|
Electrical and Electronics Engineering |
India |
188-191 |
52 |
Library and Social Networking Sites: A Study
-Abhinav Shesha ; Pratibha Prajapati
Today, social media are playing a capital role in various organizations, institutions and libraries. This paper deals with the concept of library and social media and also discussed in paper that how to social networking applications are governed the libraries and generating new relations with library users. This paper discusses how the social media is more beneficial of the users of Library. Social networking sites (facebook, twitter, flicker, linkedIn etc) are the newest technologies demonstrating libraries the opportunities to reach out the users of the library. Social media became an attractive platform to exchange information, knowledge and skills of the library professionals and users also. Read More...
|
Library and Information Science |
India |
192-194 |
53 |
Blockchain Based E-Voting
-Krushna Kanade ; Saurav Khare
In the current scenario the electronic voting on larger scales are done by using EVM’s (Electronic Voting Machines). These machines have buttons for selected candidates and the voter has to press the button corresponding to the candidate he/she has selected. The counting of votes is done by computers and the data is stored securely in the EVM’s. In this paper we have done a survey of already existing electronic voting systems and their implementation and working process. These systems have been successfully implemented and used for many important voting practices. But there are some problems and limitations to these electronic voting systems. We have studied those problems and limitations and proposed Blockchain Based E-Voting (BEV) that is a more secure way for electronic voting using blockchain. It helps to make e-voting systems more secure and reliable. Read More...
|
Computer Engineering |
India |
195-200 |
54 |
Heat Transfer Enhancement in Heat Exchanger with Rotating Twisted Inserts
-Kushwaha Nilesh ; Jatin Bhatia; Chandra Bhusan
This An experimental investigation is carried out with the aid of rotating twisted insert for heat exchanger applications for the heat transfer enhancement. This experimental investigation is for calculating tube side heat transfer factor friction coefficient, Reynolds water number for turbulent flow in circular tube fitted with rotating twisted insert. An experimental system consists of a pump, flow control valve to maintain determined flow volume, orifice meter is used to measure flow, pressure drop is determined along the test section and aperture plate with 2 U- tube manometers. Uses an SS304 material stainless steel tube with 40 mm I.D and 50 mm O.D and 1250 mm capacity. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
201-203 |
55 |
Quantitative Evaluation of Temporal Variation in Ground Water Quality Parameters with Time
-Dr Ram Prakash ; Dr Supriya Singh; Dr Madhavi Rajak; K G Bhartariya; Karam Singh
Quantity of health effecting parameters plays a major role in evaluation of ground water quality. The presence of hazardous metals and other physico chemical inorganic parameters in the samples for drinking and irrigation have been found to changing with time and preservation environmental conditions. The variation of water quality parameters was monitored periodically (pH, NO3, F, K, SiO2, EC, HCO3, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, As, U & Mn) with time and preservation / storage conditions were evaluated and it was found that variation in properly preserved and stored at 4-50C was generally ranging within 5% while the unpreserved and normal storage at 25-300C has quantitative variation up to 30% in analyzed parameters. Read More...
|
Water Resource Engineering |
India |
204-207 |
56 |
Transformation of Developmental Strategies in Gaming Industry
-Mayuresh Kulkarni
Gaming Industry is currently the most successful and emerging industries in the field of multimedia and mass-entertainment. It generates revenue more than movies and music industry combined. But in the recent times, there has been a trend to follow formulae-based softwares dispatched to masses for consumption, without considering the ‘innovation’ factor into consideration. In this paper in-depth discussion on this trend, the reason behind this trend, effect of this trend on developmental strategies of developers and long-term setbacks that most have been ignoring since it is rise; have been discussed. On the other side of this gaming industry, the audience for which these games are made - gamers, their method of usage of these products from personal to global level have been discussed in this paper. Technologically, past decade has seen some of the most amazing advances; but only few of the platforms have seen their application to their full potential. The reasons and developmental side of this, too, has been discussed in the forthcoming text. This paper finally aims to restructure the code-of-conduct using which the games are developed so that all the currently used platforms on which billions of people play games can enjoy the same benefits and features, irrespective of their machines. Read More...
|
Computer Engineering |
India |
208-212 |
57 |
Impact of Digital Marketing on Consumer Decision Making
-Mannu Garg ; Ashima Bansal; Kirti Singla
Digital Marketing- A new era of marketing in 21st century. With the passage of time it is noted that companies are shifting from traditional market to the digital marketing and digital market has captured a wider area of market in the urban areas. Digital marketing provides more readily available information to the consumers which makes it a safer option than the traditional one. Though it is a highly competitive area but it uses digital technologies which reduces cost and help expanding business globally. With advancement in technology and remarkable uptrend in using the internet, digital marketing can help companies in understanding the behaviour of the user. This research study depicts the impact of digital marketing on consumer decision making. Data has been collected from multiple sources of evidence, including various books, websites & journals. The paper describes the role of digital marketing in this modern world and concludes that it is an important tool in consumer decision making which additionally improves the organizational productivity and helps in capturing wider area of the market. Therefore digital marketing can be considered to have a positive impact on consumer decision making, enabling the vanishing of traditional market from the competitive world. Read More...
|
Management |
India |
213-216 |
58 |
Design and Analysis of Ornithopter
-Gaurav Kumar ; Prakash Kumar; Shushendra Singh; Adarsha Reddy B.N.
This project will present the design of a Flapping wing UAV which is inspired by various bird mechanisms and its action during flight. In this project, the real actions will be tried to convert into a perfect mechanism to get a stable flight maneuvering. The design will be made CATIA V5 with all the parameters according to the bird selected. And then the hexahedral mesh analysis had done and with the help of ANSYS- Fluent we had done CFD Analysis at a different angle of attack. To understand the working principle of ornithopters, various surveys were made on the natural flyers with flapping wings and their ability to produce lift and thrust. The crank mechanism is chosen to make the micro air vehicle (MAV) for spy work without being identified. This mechanism is one of the most complex ones, as its flow condition changes along with its wing motion. The mechanism is analyzed at two different speeds: 3 & 6 m/s. To analyze the aerodynamic characteristics, the lift and drag forces are measured at a different angle of attack using ANSYS software. The results are compared at various times with different working conditions to get the most suitable and reliable conditions. So copying from the flying behavior of it is possible to gain all the abilities like the bird. And then after the analysis, we can able to analyze the lift & drag forces over the wings. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
217-226 |
59 |
Earthquake Vibration Control by using Modified Frame Tapered Shear Wall
-Gote Kirti Jeevan ; Prof.B.R.Warvate; Chandgude Amruta Vaibhav; Nimbalkar Shubham Jaykumar; Shahane Ajay Balasaheb
In earthquake regions major problem is rehabilitation of vulnerable buildings. In recent past a number of techniques have been developed to strengthened and rehabilitation the buildings in these regions. However, occupants are disturbed following these strengthening and rehabilitation techniques because vacation of buildings. In present study, a new strengthening technique for exterior shear walls has been discussed under reversed cyclic loading. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
227-229 |
60 |
Picture-Editable Text Generator
-Prabhat Lokwani ; Pershant Goel; Abhishek Swaroop
OCR technology is characterized as the well-suited technique to recognise, analyze and interpret all textual data present in images, pdf and scanned document files. The machine-readable textual data can be easily manipulated by different word-processors, eliminating the tedious job of retyping the text present in the image. OCR Software enables editing of text extracted from images and scanned documents. Alphabets that are drawn out, are assembled and rearranged adhering to the original sequence to generate exact copy of the textual data. The editable text can be manipulated by simply removing unwanted text or performing cut, copy and paste operations. This paper aims to discuss OCR technology and its mechanism including platform, design, proposed system, algorithm and applications in detail. It visualizes OCR technology as the next generation boon, extending its scope to different possible fields of computer technology. System design specifications along with proposed system have also been well discussed. The study deals with less known facts about OCR technology and its use in different fields. Read More...
|
Information Technology |
India |
230-233 |
61 |
Non Destructive Testing of Heat Exchanger Pipes
-Vasu S ; Manoj R; Naveen Kumar R R; Srikantha N O
Ultrasonic testing uses high frequency sound waves of a range between 0.5 to 15 MHz to conduct testing. Importance of ultrasonic testing of train wheels, reinforced plastic, aeronautical defects in composite structures, testing of welds, testing of cracks and some other applications are increasing day by day. Ultrasonic testing method reveals that it is a challenging task for practitioners and researchers to increase the efficiency of non-destructive testing techniques for identifying and localization defects in different mechanical engineering components parts. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
234-237 |
62 |
Sceneseer-3D Scene Generation from Text Description
-Shraddha Jayant Banchhode ; Shruti Surendra Chougule; Rutuja Ravindra Kaingade; Siddhi Vishwanath Banchhode; Shefali Rajmohan Patil
Automatic scene generation using text offers a unique multimedia approach to classic story telling and human computer interaction with 3D graphics. In this paper, we present a newly developed system that generates 3D scenes from natural language text input. Our system is intended to beneï¬t non-graphics domain users and applications by providing advanced scene production through an automatic system. Scene descriptions are constructed in real-time using a method for depicting spatial relationships between different objects. The advantage of natural language editing interfaces is strongest when performing semantic operations at the sub-scene level acting on group of objects. We learn how to manipulate these sub-scenes by analyzing existing 3D scenes. We are parsing user’s natural language command and then transforming it into a semantic scene graph which is used to retrieve corresponding matching sub-scenes from the databases. We then augment this retrieved sub-scene by adding other objects from the text description. Finally, a new 3D scene is synthesized by aligning the augmented sub-scene with the user’s current scene, where new objects are spliced into the environment, possibly triggering appropriate adjustments to the existing scene arrangement. Read More...
|
Computer Science and Engineering |
India |
238-239 |
63 |
Partial Replacement of Sand by using RHA and Glass Powder
-Pratiksha Vishnu Matikhaye ; Prof. Nimita Gautam ; Nikita Tumdam; Hrushali Patil; Miss. Samiksha Lambat
The main aim of this investigation is to compare the influence of rise husk ash and glass powder on the strength properties of cement. The concrete may be using ordinary Portland cement. Nowadays many researches are going into replacement of ordinary Portland cement using many waste materials like sludge, fly ash, etc. like this we are using rise husk ash and glass powder. Is also used as a binder with partial replacement of fine aggregate. Today the construction industry and factories are in demand to discover the successful material for increasing the strength. The rice husk ash is an agricultural waste product it is acquired from crushing process of rage and around to 22% of the weight of rice husk. Rice husk use as a fuel of 25% of weight of rice husk burnt at high temperature and it convert into the ash, it is known as rice husk ash. Glass powder is used in many from in day to day life. Glass powder finer them 600-micron Pozzolanic behavior on attempt to made investigation on possible material. The compressive and flexural strength of material the cubes and beams trial for 7, 28 days with established. In this research the experimental study was transfer on M25 grade of concrete. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
240-243 |
64 |
Design and Development of Robot Skeleton and Humanoid Robot Body Parts
-Keval J Patel ; Abhay Tewari; Mohammed Sahil; Dileep Kumar
In this paper we report the development and assessment of a modern interactive humanoid robot interacting with human beings and engaging in human society. A human body like this offers an array of information that is nonverbal and helps one to interact effectively with the robot. To this purpose, a humanoid robot was developed, which speaks and gestures autonomously with humans. Interaction is accomplished through a wide variety of interactive behaviours developed using a visualization tool to explain the complex system developed. Through interactive behaviour is developed by cognitive tests and introduced with local recognition. The robot is used to research incarnated communications as a testbed. Our approach is to study the human robots interaction with body movements using a motion capture system that helps us describe the motions. We conducted experiments to equate body movements with mentally dependent subjective evaluation. The outcomes show the value of well- coordinated behaviours as well as the performance of the interactive behaviours developed, and implement a new analytical approach to human- robot interaction. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
244-248 |
65 |
Design and Fabrication of Eight-Legged Kinematic Walker
-Mr. Vivek KT ; Nagaraju J H; Nishanth G N ; Vinay Yadav D R; Vinod Raj A
As the wheels are ineffective on rough and rocky areas, therefore robot with one leg provided with Klan mechanism is beneficial for advanced walking vehicles. It can step over curbs, climb stairs or travel areas that are currently not accessible on wheels. The most important benefit of this mechanism is that, it does not require microprocessor control or large amount of actuator mechanisms. In this mechanism links are connected by pivot joints and convert the rotating motion of the crank into the movement of foot similar to that of animal walking. The proportions of each of the links in the mechanism are defined to optimize the linearity of the foot for one-half of the rotation of the crank. The remaining rotation of the crank allows the foot to be raised to a predetermined height before returning to the starting position and repeating the cycle. Two of these linkages coupled together at the crank and one-half cycle out of phase with each other will allow the frame of a vehicle to travel parallel to the ground. The project is useful in hazardous material handling, clearing minefields, or secures an area without putting anyone at risk. The military, law enforcement, Explosive Ordinance Disposal units, and private security firms could also benefit from applications of mechanical spider. It would perform very well as a platform with the ability to handle stairs and other obstacles to wheeled or tracked vehicles. The goal for this project is to create an eight-legged robot to test new walking algorithm. We loosely based our design on spider because there has an advanced way in robotics on Octopedal locomotion. Hopefully algorithm develops will be of use to robotics community and in future society. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
249-252 |
66 |
Review on Project Management in Real Estate Development
-Dhanashri P. Dhore ; Pranav K. Lende
This article aims to discuss the literature review on real estate Project Management. Managing the project in the real estate is very complex process. The real estate developers go through the numerous activities for the development of the simple project up to the Property management. Also, number of factors which are directly or indirectly responsible for the development process. Hence it is important to carry out the study to understand the process of real estate development and various factors affecting it. This paper includes the study of various real estate management research papers and to analyse the methods which respected authors used. Read More...
|
Engineering |
India |
253-255 |
67 |
Comparative Analysis of Sandwiched Disc Brake Rotor
-Sumit Gwala ; Sumit Gwala; Huzefa Ali; Suresh Batni
In an automobile, a braking system is the combination of various linkages and components (brake lines or mechanical linkages, brake disc or brake drum, master cylinder or fulcrums etc.) that are arranged in such a manner that it converts the vehicle’s kinetic energy into the heat energy which in turn de-accelerate or stops the vehicle. The conversion of kinetic (moving) energy into heat energy (temperature) is a function of friction generated by the frictional contact surfaces between brake shoes (pads) and moving disc or drum of a braking system. In our project we have done the Thermal and Structural analysis on disc rotor and make the comparison between homogeneous (Grey cast iron rotor) and sandwiched (Grey cast iron with aluminum alloy rotor) and find out the best results out of them, modelling is done on solid works and finite element analysis is done on Ansys 19.2, We have calculated stress, temperature distribution total deformation and make a comparative study. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
256-260 |
68 |
How Delivery Drones are Saving Lives
-Dr.Deepak Chahal ; Aman Jain
I have given a brief information about How Delivery Drones Are Saving Lives of people of East Africa where I discussed about the Drone’s architecture, unique factors that influence their designs, speed, engineering challenges, functioning, mobile app connectivity and testing, assembly, takeoff and landing, features, design issues, unique design factors, delivery process, battery placement, Zipline - Changing the World, and lastly, Conclusions. Delivery through Drones are the futuristic approach towards changing lives of people and is a great step in making people’s lives easy. Read More...
|
Artificial intelligence |
India |
261-265 |
69 |
Blockchain - An Emerging Technology
-Dr. Deepak Chahal ; Surya Kant ; Gaurav Srivastava
This article illustrates the importance of blockchain which is an upcoming technology for this generation. It will create a big impact on the upcoming future. I have discussed about the different components of blockchain necessary for communication between two trusted partners. In this technology decentralised system will be there for the communication. This technology also deals with the various features of blockchain which make it unique and interesting for it to use. There is various problem in our society which can be solved by this technology and some of them I have discussed below. I have also discussed about the future of this technology. Read More...
|
Artificial intelligence |
India |
266-269 |
70 |
Detection of Phishing Website using Machine Learning
-Shilpa B ; Shwetha Bhat; Sanjana Honnappa Nayak; Surabhi; Pooja
This work centers on the examination of phishing websites utilizing AI. Web develops quickly so sites turned into the fundamental focuses of gate crashers. Phishing costs Internet clients a ton of dollars for each year. This alludes to misusing shortcoming on the client side. A trespasser inserts noxious substance into a page with the end goal of theft of accreditation information and assets, downloading programming to permit a client to visit a malignant site, join or download a botnet and refused assistance to introduce, and even harm the guest framework. The noxious site pages are expanding and assaults are getting progressively modern of website pages are expanding. This work gives a structure to recognizing a noxious site page utilizing counterfeit neural system learning methods. Notwithstanding since the quantity the basic identification rate, it intends to discover which discriminative highlights are normal for the assault and diminish the bogus positive rate. There are two components bunches in the calculation, URL lexical and page content highlights. This work is continuing to, add some values to the field malware combat, mitigate some threats, and improve Performance by enhancing the detection rate. Machine Learning is efficient technique to detect phishing. This approach works efficiently in large dataset. Machine Learning based classifiers are efficient classifiers which achieved accuracy more than 99%. An advantage is for the user to make online payments securely. Read More...
|
Machine Learning |
India |
270-274 |
71 |
Water Powered Vehicle by using HHO Generator
-Bhargav N Kataria ; Hitesh S Bhole; Pratik N Jariwala; Arjun A Chhatbar; Jignesh K Soni
The concept is to find an alternative source of fuel which has less produce less amount of pollution and it should be renewable, it can be easily available and the hydrogen is the one which can produce less amount of emission and it can be renewable source. The hydrogen is the perfect replacement for petrol or diesel. Because it will work as a same but it will give more energy and less pollutants. But the problem with the hydrogen is the storage the hydrogen is highly flammable gas. The hydrogen can be available from so many different process or product but the water is the best compatibility if we are using in an automobile. Hydrogen can be stored but it is very risky because hydrogen is highly flammable gas. It can be not stored easily. We are using water as a source of hydrogen, water chemical formula is H2O, and it means two particles of hydrogen and one particle of oxygen. So by using electrolysis process we can separate the molecules and by separation we get hydrogen which can be used In IC engine as a fuel. By using this method we don’t have to face the problem of hydrogen storage. We can get the hydrogen from the water and water is easy to store. Read More...
|
Automobile Engineering |
India |
275-278 |
72 |
Fabrication of Smart Skateing Shoes
-Tushar Sanjay Tirmare ; Pranay Turankar; Mangesh Dhoke ; Ajay Kaddak; Shardul Wagh
Environmental protection and energy conservations are the main concern of 21st century which has now accelerated the pace to plan and develop electric vehicle technology. The electric vehicles (EVs) offer a zero emission, new automobile industry establishment, and economic development, efficient and smart transportation system. This project having a foot controlled steering system to control the vehicle easily. It designed to suitable for any road conditions and to reduce the effort of a rider to drive skateboard easily. Currently the permanent magnet brushless direct current motors are the present choice of automobile industries and researchers because of its high power density, compact size, reliability, and noise free and minimum maintenance requirements. Initially thus the designing of the vehicle in CAD and CRE-O, and simulations models are done. Equipment and cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of vehicle. This includes assembly of skateboard and electric hub motor drive and designing the controllers. Thus the final stage is to improve the design model of the e-board for off road conditions and suitable. Read More...
|
M.E Mechanical Engineering (Design) |
India |
279-286 |
73 |
Portable Four Way Hack Saw Design Approach
-K Hemalatha
This paper describes the manufacture and design of a four way hacksaw system primarily for manufacturing related industries. Industries are mainly intended to manufacture valuable goods and services at low cost of production, cost of machinery and low cost of inventory. This project consists of a crank and slider mechanism, linear bushing. Today every task in this world has been made faster and faster due to technological advancement but this advancement also requires enormous investment and expenditure, every industry wants to make high productivity rates maintaining the quality and standard of the product at low average cost. We have developed a prototype model, we have decided to use almost 1/10th of the scale for the system. These machines can be used in remote locations where there is regular electricity. It is designed as a portable one that can be used for cutting in different places. It can be used for materials such as thin metals, wood. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
287-289 |
74 |
A Dynamic Replication to scale back Response-Time of I/O Task Execution Performance on Cluster Computing
-Yogesh Shivaji Sapnar
Extraordinary large datasets of high performance computing applications require improvement in existing storage and retrieval mechanisms. Moreover, enlargement of the gap between processing and I/O operations’ throughput will bound the system performance to storage and retrieval operations and remarkably reduce the general performance of high performance computing clusters. File replication may be a thanks to improve the performance of I/O operations and increase network utilization by storing several copies of each file. Furthermore, this will lead to a more reliable and fault- tolerant storage cluster. In order to improve the response time of I/O operations, we have proposed a mechanism that estimates the required number of replicas for each file based on its popularity. Besides that, the remaining space of storage cluster is taken into account within the evaluation of replication factors and therefore the number of replicas is tailored to the storage state. We have implemented the proposed mechanism using HDFS and evaluated it using Map Reduce framework. Evaluation results prove its capability to enhance the reaction time of read operations and increase network utilization. Consequently, this mechanism reduces the general reaction time of read operations by considering files’ popularity in replication process and adapts the replication factor to the cluster state. Read More...
|
Computer Engineering |
India |
290-293 |
75 |
To Study the Effect of Plaster and to Reduce the Cost of It
-Satyajeet Singh ; Sandeep Kumar Gautam ; Vansh Gaurav; Purnima Kumari; Baijnath Nishad
The expanded interest of drinking water and force has driven gigantic age of water treatment plant buildup for example Slop and the warm force plant result, for example, fly debris. Huge amounts of ooze and fly debris are created in India and discarded via land filling or dumping in and around locales. In this examination fly debris and water mellowing slop (lime ooze) has been used in mortar. Two kinds of mortar (type I and II) with four cover blends have been attempted. Fastener I comprises of 70% fly debris (FA) and 30% lime muck (LS), 0 % gypsum (G), cover II is 70% FA, 30% LS and 1% G, folio III is half FA, 30% LS and 20% concrete and the fastener IV is 40% FA, 40% LS with 20% concrete. The impact of different mixes on quality has been talked about here. This paper traces the arrangement of the composite material, strategy for planning of mortar example, testing method and notable outcomes thereof Different extents of lime and fly debris mortars were broke down against expanding rates of fly debris, lime as a substitution of concrete, and water-to-solidify lime-fly debris proportions at different ages. The investigation was completed to decide the most extreme reasonable fly debris content and the ideal water-to-lime-fly debris proportion so as to accomplish required quality levels at explicit ages. The investigation analyzed the variety in quality with the progressive increment in fly debris amounts to solidify lime mortars. The expansion of 7.5% to 22.5% of fly debris and 2.25% to 6.75% of lime in concrete mortars can expand in general mortar quality. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
294-296 |
76 |
Process of Recycling of Prestressed Precast Concrete Wastage
-Amey Shriram Jagdale ; Jay Vijaybhai Vyas
To make precast construction industry more reliable and environmental friendly it must need to adapt new requirements. The main way of reducing the construction industry environmental impact is recycling concrete waste to produce new concrete or to use it in road construction as sub-base. Generally Precast concrete has more strength than the regular conventional concrete, it ranges between 50Mpa to 80Mpa. So it is more useful for recycling due to its high strength. In the prestressed precast concrete industry some of the concrete elements produced are rejected due to quality test failures. This paper describes the process of recycling of precast concrete wastage. Various types of precast concrete wastage also discussed in this paper. The specific purpose was to measure the waste, rejected prestressed precast material of Precast India Infrastructures Private Limited, Pune and give them possible ideas to recycle the wastage material and make some profit from waste. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
297-302 |
77 |
Design and Development of Spiral Heat Exchanger for Enhancing the Coefficient
-R Hanuma Naik ; G Shiva Kumar
A spiral heat exchanger is more conservative than numerous different sorts of warmth exchangers. The principle favorable circumstances of a winding warmth exchanger are its high generally speaking warmth move coefficient, minimal size for a given warmth trade territory, moderately low weight drop, and simplicity of cleaning. It is produced using two long metal strips that are twisted concentrically around a split place to make two winding channels, one for the hot liquid and one for the cool liquid. The one of a kind winding move of long metal strips makes the channels of a similar cross-sectional is structured and explored for the pace of warmth trade. It is discovered that the plate exchanger is equipped for taking care of up to a greatest weight of around 3 MPa check (435 psig) yet is normally worked underneath 1.0 MPa measure (150 psig). Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
303-304 |
78 |
Air Fare Tickets Prediction System using Data Mining
-Nidhi Kochrekar ; Unnati Bhagane; Vishakha Bhoir
In this age of digitization and automation, human life is getting simpler because almost everything is getting automated, replacing the old manual systems. For developing nations like India, the consumption of electricity is higher. Also, many people forget to switch off the lights when not in use, this led to wastage of electricity in huge amounts. This paper describes a low cost and scalable framework for home control and monitoring the environment. It employs an inbuilt micro-web server in the NODE MCU(ESP8266), with remote access to and control of devices and appliances via IP address connectivity. These devices can be operated through a web application or an Adafruit app based on Wi-Fi or via voice control (like Google assistance). So it will become easy and comfortable for humans to control the appliances from wherever in the world and switch off the lights if they forget to do so and saves electricity. Read More...
|
Information Technology |
India |
305-308 |
79 |
The Study of Customers Perception and Awareness towards Organic Food Items in South Delhi, New Delhi
-Utkarsh ; Arjun Lakhanpal
The consciousness of organic food and natural cultivating in India expanded from 62% to 67% somewhere in the range of 2006 and 2013. The mindfulness is most noteworthy in New Delhi (83%) trailed by Mumbai (75%), Chennai (63%), Bengaluru (55%) and Lucknow (48%). The information on organic food depended on relationship with different terms, which are inexactly used to characterize organic food. The important thing in our study is to survey the customer’s thinking towards organic food. The examination further endeavors to recognize the variables affecting the shoppers to buy the organic food items and furthermore to discover which natural item, bought by the clients all the more every now and again at South Delhi, New Delhi. Read More...
|
Food Processing |
India |
309-311 |
80 |
Use of Plastic as a Soil Stabilizer
-Nitish Kumar Singh ; Praveen Kumar; Pramod Pal; Rohit Kumar; Baij Nath Nishad
Soil stabilization is a process of improving the physical properties of soil such as shear strength, bearing capacity. soil stabilization is also help in reducing permeability and settlement of the soil which is important factor to consider while construction of any structure. ultimately, the load of the structure is transfer to the soil. Bearing capacity of the soil is the most important factor to be consider while design the structure. Soil can be stabilized by mechanical method and/or chemical method. There are many chemical agents are available to stabilized soil like fly ash, lime, cement which improve the bearing capacity of soil but also increase the cost of the project. The new technique to improve the bearing capacity of the soil by using plastic as a soil stabilizer in economical way with the help of sand. Sand is act as inert filler. Sand and plastic help to achieve the bearing capacity of soil. Plastic is materials which cause almost every type of pollution which harm the environment. Plastic is a serious problem by which the whole is suffering. Plastic is a material which can improve the engineering properties of the soil. This is a new technique to control the pollution caused by the plastic and improve the bearing capacity of the soil in economical way. Soil stabilization can be utilized on roadways, bridges, airports where subsoil are not suitable for construction. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
312-315 |
81 |
A Glimpse of Desiccant Wheel in Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning Industry
-Lalit Singh Parmar ; Madhusmita Sahu
This paper overviews application of desiccant wheel for dehumidification and cooling process in Heating ventilation and air conditioning systems. Any conventional Air conditioner consumes a large amount of electricity or energy specially when humidity level is high and humid in atmosphere due to high level of latent energy. Desiccant wheels are contenders with hybrid air conditioning systems to handle high efficiency due to high level of latent heat amount. Desiccant is a substance or chemical that absorbs or attracts moisture or water vapour molecules from the air, causing a state of dryness. Desiccants are available in various forms and are widely used in many industries, such as: Packing, commercial and hotels etc. Desiccant wheel in air conditioning systems has been considered as one of the most effective process to control humidity of ambient air and reduce the energy consumption. Energy consumption is the essential phrase worldwide after ongoing of Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) pandemic, the first outbreak of which started in Wuhan, Hubei, China. Read More...
|
M-Tech (Thermal Engineering) |
India |
316-322 |
82 |
Predicting Employee Performance using Hadoop Tool
-N. Thasleembanu ; S. Varsha; B. Prakash; G. Shenbagavalli
Human Resources Management (HRM) has become one among the essential interests of managers and decision makers in most sorts of businesses to adopt plans for properly discovering highly qualified employees. Accordingly, managements become interested about the performance of those employees. Especially to make sure the acceptable person allocated to the convenient job at the proper time. From here, the interest of knowledge mining (DM) role has been growing that its objective is that the discovery of knowledge from huge amounts of data. Three main DM techniques were used for building the classification model and identifying the foremost effective factors that positively affect the performance. to urge a highly accurate model, several experiments were executed supported the previous techniques that are implemented in WEKA tool for enabling decision makers and human resources professionals to means and enhance the performance of their employees. We are using Hadoop tools for the handling of giant amount of knowledge with which may be assured which will positively affect the performance. Read More...
|
Computer Science and Engineering |
India |
323-327 |
83 |
Design of Prestressed Balance Cantilever Bridge near Aqua Duct Gomati River: A Case-Study
-Atul Kumar Pandey ; Anoushka Yadav; Anwarul Mustafa; Ankur Patel; Ashwani Pandey
Prestressed concrete box-girder bridges built using the cantilever method are designed for spans between 60 m and 300 m in length. This technique has to compete with a numeral of dissimilar solutions operating within this genuine wide range of spans. They are in competition with girder bridges with a complex concrete and steel framework. If the geometry of the supported road having compatibility, they also have to compete with incrementally-launched bridges completed from prestressed concrete, which are frugally viable for spans of between 35 and 70 m. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
328-331 |
84 |
A Deep Analysis for quick Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy
-Aneeta.S.Musthafa ; Hari.S; Shahana Habeeb
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most important causes for the presence of blindness in the recent days. Ophthalmologists need to diagnose the presence and severity of DR using the visual assessment of the retinal fundus images by manual examination. This process of manual diagnosis of DR is a very hectic and time consuming task. Due to the increasing rate of diabetic retinopathy patients in the world, the number of color fundus images generated has increased rapidly. Because of this large number, there is a huge delay in diagnosing the early symptoms of DR and providing timely good treatment. Therefore, to address this issue, there is a need to develop an automated framework of Diabetic Retinopathy diagnosis. Hence, in this analysis we have proposed a Deep framework for DR diagnosis. The analysis uses a modified version of standard Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for solving DR fundus image classification problems. The proposed analysis efficiently reports whether the person has DR or not and if present, and indicates the severity of the disease. The analysis implemented helps in giving timely treatment to the patients irrespective of geographical and economic constraints. Read More...
|
Electronics & Communication Engineering |
India |
332-335 |
85 |
Freelancer Time Tracking System
-Harshita Mishra ; Shubham Gupta; Mahima Dongre
Freelancer Time Tracking System is a multi-platform monitoring tool for small companies having remote employees. Freelancer Time Tracking System will be a multi-platform site working on Windows OS, Mac OS, and Linux OS. Freelancers can use this site to track their working time and generate timesheets based on the data collected. Timesheets will be generated daily. For Employers, this system will provide them the freelancer monitoring report which will include things like mouse click counts, screen recording, and activity level tracker. The activity level will be calculated by using a Machine learning algorithm which will consider various parameters. The final integration of the project will be done with lancenext.com. Read More...
|
Computer Engineering |
India |
336-338 |
86 |
A Rescue Mechanism for Borehole Accident using Robotics
-S. Balasubramani ; K.Suprabath; K.Sai Sandeep; K.Sai Dinesh
Many child deaths are reported in the past due to bore well accidents. During bore well accident an immediate rescue operation is required and it is quiet challenging to perform a rescue operation as the environment inside the bore well is highly unpredictable. Developing low cost robotic system and simple control will help rural people use it easily. In this paper, we propose a novel design of rescue robot which would enlarge as per the diameter of bore well and attach to the bore-well by adjusting to the diameter while travelling up or down the bore-well. It would contain two artificial arms, which would help in holding the baby with the visual help offered by camera and also aid in the survival of the child. Read More...
|
Electronics & Communication Engineering |
India |
339-345 |
87 |
CFD Simulation in Direct Diesel Engine with Different Combustion Chamber for NOX Reduction
-G Shiva Kumar ; R Hanuma Naik; S Amit Kumar
Direct Injection (DI) diesel engines have taken a prominent place in public and private transport. Emissions of the diesel engine emissions Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydro Carbon (HC) have been effectively controlled with improvement in engine design. However Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) and soot are still a matter of concern for the engineers. The main objective of the present work is to reduce NOX emission in DI diesel engines. In this work, an attempt is made to the influence of engine operating parameters on Nitric Oxide (NO) emissions using a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) code. STAR-CD, a 3-dimensional (3-D) CFD code based on finite volume method has been used for this purpose, which is capable of solving 3-D unsteady turbulent flows, sprays and combustion of IC engines. A four-stroke single cylinder Compression Ignition (CI) engine fitted with spherical bowl-in-piston for which CFD analysis carried. Though CFD code has the capability to solve complex in-cylinder fluid problems it is always necessary to validate output results of the code. Finally simulation analysis is extended to various engine parameters that influence on NO formations. In this sequence, first the effect of piston bowl configurations on in-cylinder fluid dynamics and pollutant formations are studied. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
346-348 |
88 |
Studies on Effect of Microwaven Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Steel
-Harshith A ; Vinod kumar R; Ekantha C; Nagabhushan Hiremath
In this paper, Author studies about the mechanical properties like Tensile strength, yield stress and elongation for different steels such as low carbon steel and mild steel and various heat treatments to find out the effect of annealing, quenching and normalizing on material properties through testing on using Universal Testing Machine UTM. Low carbon steel is easily available and cheap having all material properties that are acceptable for many applications. Heat treatment on low carbon steel is to improve ductility, to improve toughness, strength, hardness and tensile strength and to relive internal stress developed in the material. Effect of various types of heat treatment on fracture toughness and hardness is also analyzed. Optimum heat treatment strategy for commercial steel appears to be tempering in the 900ºC temperature range, to get the best combination of high toughness and high hardness. After that heat treated samples are used for testing of different material properties. Result shows which heat treatment will be better for improving material properties of mild steel. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
349-352 |
89 |
Waste Heat Recovery from the Vapour Compression Refrigeration System & Its Utilization in Processes
-Gagan Malik ; Pravinkumar P Wankhade
To conserve energy, necessary steps are taken all over the world which results higher savings, improved environmental quality. Heat is low grade energy. Though it is low grade energy, but its recovery can give low fuel consumption in any typical application. So many work is being done to recover the waste heat in Refrigeration Systems. An attempt has been done to explore the waste heat recovery from the refrigerant ammonia gas between the Single stage reciprocating compressor and condenser of Vapour Compression Refrigeration system used in the beverages bottling plant. This low grade waste heat recovery improves the performance of the Refrigeration system and the recovered heat is utilised for heating of the Carbonated PET bottles and Cleaning in Place (CIP). The recovered low grade heat reduces the condenser load hence improved performance of the refrigeration system. Read More...
|
M-Tech (Thermal Engineering) |
India |
353-355 |
90 |
Human Face Detection and Recognition
-Amit Roshan ; Samriddhi Singh
Recently face recognition is attracting much attention in the society of network multimedia information access. Areas such as network security, con- tent indexing and retrieval, and video compression benefits from face recognition technology because "people" are the center of attention in a lot of video. Network access control via face recognition not only makes hackers virtually impossible to steal ones "password", but also increases the user-friendliness in human-computer interaction. Indexing and/or retrieving video data based on the appearances of particular persons will be use- ful for users such as news reporters, political scientists, and moviegoers. For the applications of videophone and teleconferencing, the assistance of face recognition also provides a more efficient coding scheme. In this paper, we give an introductory course of this new information processing technology. The paper shows the readers the generic framework for the face recognition system, and the variants that are frequently encountered by the face recognizer. Several famous face recognition algorithms, such as Eigenfaces and neural networks, will also be explained. Read More...
|
Computer Science and Information Technology |
India |
356-361 |
91 |
Automatic Ground Clearance Adjustment System
-Sagar Macchindra Gopale ; Prasad Padale; Pramod More; Tanvi Avhad
The handling of vehicle depends upon the various parameters centre of gravity of the vehicle is one of them. For better handling of the vehicle we need to keep centre of gravity as low as possible. Whereas a sedan car or hatchback has to run on smooth roads as well as on rough terrains sometime with its fixed lower ground clearance which tends to create dents on the bottom portion the car. In both cases we need an adjustable ground clearance system in the vehicle to have optimum performance. Most commercial vehicles currently on the market are still equipped with a passive suspension system, while some luxury brands may already use an adaptive suspension. Active suspension systems on the other hand are rarely found, however, they offer great opportunities to close the gap of the well-known trade-off between ride comfort and handling. Besides that, they can also be used to mitigate single event disturbances, an objective of the USA army as announced in a solicitation which initiated and motivated this research. In addition to that, several studies were found stating the impact and danger of potholes and their impact on the vehicle and passenger. “Pneumatic jack†fabricated model consists of a pneumatic control valve which regulates the air flow and double acting cylinder used as a jack which performs lifting. Thus the car is lifted using jack and the problem related to tyres such as puncture types, tyre replacement and wheel balancing can be resolved with less effort and time. Read More...
|
Mechanical Engineering |
India |
362-365 |
92 |
Cigarette Butt Bricks
-Sonam Subhash Shinde
Several trillion cigarettes are produced worldwide annually, resulting in tonnes of cigarette butt waste. Billions of cigarette butts (CBs) were discarded by smokers directly into the environment. It is known that CBs are one of the environmental pollution. Cigarette butts accumulate in the environment due to the poor biodegradability of the cellulose acetate filters that could cause contamination on the street, sidewalks, waterways, beaches and public areas. Due to its small size but large in volume, CBs cannot be collected easily and most of it will be disposed directly to the landfill. Moreover, there is no easy mechanism to ensure the separation of the chemicals trap inside the CBs which is toxic to the environment Results from a study on recycling cigarette butts into fired clay bricks are presented. In this study, different percentages of CBs (0%, 2.5% and 5.0%) were incorporated into fired clay brick. The physico-mechanical properties of manufactured bricks including compressive strength, flexural strength, density, water absorption and thermal conductivity are discussed. The compressive strength of bricks decreased according to the percentage of cigarette butts included in the mix. The results also show that the mixing time has a considerable effect on the properties of the fired clay bricks tested. It was concluded that cigarette butts can be regarded as a potential addition to the raw materials used in the manufacture of lightweight fired bricks and, furthermore, that recycling cigarette butts in bricks is a very practical and potentially significant contribution in terms of a sustainable solution to one of the serious environmental pollution problems in the world. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
366-369 |
93 |
A Review on Different Methods Available in Present for Generating Water from Atmosphere
-Ranjan Kumar Keshri ; Ravi Shukla; Devendra Singh Sengar
Water shortage is one of the consuming issues of the present world. Despite the fact that water covers in excess of two third (about 70%) of the Earths surface yet at the same time new water which can be utilized for drinking and doing regular errands stays rare (just about 2.5%). The intense issue of water deficiency is for the most part looked by the nations with long coastlines and the island countries, which do not have satisfactory new water sources like streams and lakes. Therefore, a large portion of these nations fulfill their water needs by desalination of ocean water which is an expensive issue. Additionally it might just so happen that these desalination plants may fail which will cause intense water deficiency. But in these regions along the sea coast, the relative humidity is quite high (around 70-80%). Along these lines, the air in seaside zones can be utilized to meet the water needs of individuals by utilizing a dehumidifier unit. Further the sun based insolation is very high in these zones round the year. This can be utilized to give fundamental capacity to the dehumidifier unit. Subsequently drinking water can be acquired from the climate by tackling sun oriented vitality. Such a gadget is called Atmospheric Water Generator. In this paper, we will look into different types of atmospheric water generators which work on different technologies. Read More...
|
M.E Mechanical Engineering (Design) |
India |
370-373 |
94 |
Time Delay and Cost Overrun in Construction Projects
-Asmitha P ; Sahaya Nisha J
The impact of cost and time overruns on construction projects is an undesirable experience both to the clients and stakeholders in the industry. This has regularly led to dispute, unfriendly working relationship, abandonment, low quality and environmental nuisances. This paper evaluated factors contributing to overruns of highway projects and their impact on projects performance at Tamil Nadu in India. It involved a cross questionnaire administered to sixty four found seven major factors influencing time delay and cost overruns in highway construction projects. Data were collected through questionnaire administration on professionals in the industry. Frequency index were employed to analyse data collected. Increase in material cost, inaccurate materials estimation and underestimating of project costs among others are the most significant cost factors while the most significant time factors include unexpected site condition, increase in project scope, lack of timely progress payment and inadequate planning. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
374-381 |
95 |
Solar Powered Electric Skateboard
-Aniket Mangulkar ; Abhinay Jolhe; Sourabh Narwade; Prof.Ganesh Kadam
Environmental protection and energy conservations are the main concern of 21st century, which has now accelerated the pace to plan and develop electric vehicle technology. The electric vehicles (EVs) offer a zero emission, new automobile industry establishment, and economic development, efficient and smart transportation system. This project having a foot controlled steering system to control the vehicle easily. It designed to suitable for any road conditions and to reduce the effort of a rider to drive skateboard easily. Currently the permanent magnet brushless direct current motors are the present choice of automobile industries and researchers because of its high power density, compact size, reliability, and noise free and minimum maintenance requirements. Initially thus the designing of the vehicle in CAD and CRE-O, and simulations models are done. Equipment and cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of vehicle. This includes assembly of skateboard and electric hub motor drive and designing the controllers. Thus, the final stage is to improve the design model of the e-board for off road conditions and suitable for the physically challenged persons. The objective of this project to improve the driving mode of skateboard on off road condition by cauterized electric wheel on the board and to reduces the effort of skateboard even on uphill area and to 2311design it with foot steering for to improve the steering sensitivity of the skateboard. Dependence on non-renewable resources using latest technology. The implementation involves development of E-board that runs on battery as well as manual propulsion of vehicle. An electric powered skateboard having an electric motor, which directly drives one of the wheels of the skateboard. The board is preferably controlled by a remote controller, which smoothly accelerates the motor and smoothly brakes the motor electrically. Read More...
|
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering |
India |
382-384 |
96 |
Study of Natural Fibrous Material in Fixed Aerated Beds for Domestic Wastewater Treatment
-Anagha Madhav Dharne ; Chetan Mane; Komal Shete; Priyanka Dewakate; Shivani Jadhav
In order, to explore the applicability of natural fibre agave sisalana used in fixed aerated beds, the effect of natural fibre on domestic wastewater was studied through the analysis of the improvement of its physical, chemical parameters. The different detention periods proportion was carried out by indoor test simulation. The results clearly demonstrated that natural fibrous material could improve the removal efficiency of different parameters effectively. Researchers have found some positive result with this material. Further research is needed to make this satisfactory replacement of sand filters which will lead to a sustainable increase in removal efficiency of parameters using natural fibrous material. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
385-388 |
97 |
Overview of Model Performance Metrics
-Shaik Mohammed Rashik Ansar
A quick overview of the most commonly used metrics to measure the performance of classification and regression models. Metrics like Area under ROC curve, Confusion matrix, Median Absolute Deviation, R-Squared etc. These metrics are used to determine whether the model is performing well or need to change or retrain the model by giving more importance to different feature to make model more accurate. Read More...
|
Computer Applications |
India |
389-391 |
98 |
A Review Study on Investigation of Highest Potential Reduction of Co2 from Building Sector
-Shubham Shrivastava ; Anil Rajpoot
Buildings are recognized as some of the biggest buyers and pollutants in the world. However, the design context, in the context of its modern definition, as illustrated in this paper, is not so much based on initial requests to reduce negative environmental pressure, but rather to ensure local continuity of service provision. Finally, ecology has evolved into a framework encompassing a variety of strategies and measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of the natural environment by adapting to the requirements of standard design and value. By linking resource efficiency with the reduction of environmental impact, this paper reviews existing approaches and challenges in energy, utilities, water and land, and proposes future practical scenarios where broader socio-economic systems can be critical to effective environmental outcomes. Design and production of new products and materials should be based on the concept of life cycle testing. The LCA is also a prerequisite for eco-labelling requested by consumers, NGO’s and national and international authorities. LCA is not only an environmental development tool, but also an industry tool that means cost savings and competitive advantages. Read More...
|
Structural Engineering |
India |
392-395 |
99 |
A Review on Comparative Study between Cast-In-Situ Construction and Prefab Construction using Primavera Software
-Sarvapalli Subhashrao Ikhar ; Dr. Leeladhar S. Pammar
Off-site construction process has obtained more attention in construction industry in the previous few years. For effective construction management time is most important aspect, so there is necessity of many alternative building materials to minimize the duration of project. Prefab construction and off-site manufacturing have been a part of building construction process for a long time in many countries. This prefab constructed building sets an example of cost effectiveness and rapid construction process to reduce duration of project along with maintaining safety, environmental sustainability and enhance modularity in construction. A literature study was performed in order to gather information and data to study the difference between the cast-in-situ constructed building with prefab constructed building. During this study it is analyze that, time and cost require for prefab constructed building is comparatively less than cast-in-situ constructed building. Read More...
|
Civil Engineering |
India |
396-399 |
100 |
Comparative Analysis of Multiple Effect Evaporator and Membrane Distillation for Wastewater Reclamation
-Dipakkumar Patel ; Prof. S M Usman
Pesticide industries produces high TDS streams during course of its manufacturing operations which cannot be treated by conventional treatment process. The industry has to treat high TDS waste water with dissolved solid in range of 10-13%. Treatment of high TDS streams is conventionally done through reverse osmosis or multiple effect evaporators. Reverse Osmosis is comparatively cheaper in treatment cost but it has limitation of inlet feed TDS concentration. Reverse Osmosis cannot treat TDS more than 3-4%, with recover of 50-60%. Multiple Effect evaporator is alternative technology which treat high TDS waste water, but it has very high capital and operation cost. The company has challenge to optimize the cost of waste water treatment, which finally contributes to cost price of product. Higher treatment cost increase cost price of product and reduce margin and profitability. Membrane distillation is an emerging technology for treatment of high TDS effluent streams and recovery of good quality water for reuse in manufacturing process [6]. MD is a non-isothermal membrane separation process, in which the water vapour molecules are transferred through a microporous hydrophobic membrane. MD is a environment friendly process [7]. Driving force is the partial pressure difference across the membrane that is created by the temperature difference between the two sides of the membrane. In MD we can get better result by using nanofiber membranes for distillation [10]. This is an attractive alternative solution for effluent treatment, giving high quality distillate and the possibility of operating at low temperatures [5]. Some multinational industries in India are using membrane distillation process for better result [4]. Compared to other membrane separation processes, MD operates at low pressures, lower than the pressures of the reverse osmosis (RO). Moreover, the capability of utilizing solar thermal energy or waste heat from other processes makes MD an energy and cost-efficient and environmental friendly process. Read More...
|
Environmental Engineering |
India |
400-402 |