Many urban multistorey buildings in India today have open first storey as an unavoidable feature. This is primarily being adopted to accommodate parking or reception lobbies in the first storey. Whereas the total seismic base shear as experienced by a building during an earthquake is dependent on its natural period, the seismic force distribution is dependent on the distribution of stiffness and mass along the height. The behavior of a building during earthquakes depends critically on its overall shape, size and geometry, in addition to how the earthquake forces are carried to the ground. The earthquake forces developed at different floor levels in a building need to be brought down along the height to the ground by the shortest path; any deviation or discontinuity in this load transfer path results in poor performance of the building. In the present trends in the construction industry demands taller and lighter structures, which are also more flexible and having quite a low damping value. This increases failure possibilities and also, problems from the serviceability point of view. Several techniques are available today to minimize the vibration of the structure, out of which concept of using of TLD is a newer one. The tuned liquid damper (TLD) is a liquid filled tank which uses liquid sloshing action to dampen the oscillations of a structure. They are cost effective and low maintenance dynamic vibration absorbers that are being used in flexible and lightly damped structures. A total of five loading conditions was applied at the base of the structure. First one was a sinusoidal loading corresponding to the resonance condition with the fundamental frequency of the structure, second one was corresponding to compatible time history as per spectra of IS-1893 (Part -1): 2002 for 5% damping at rocky soil and rest three were corresponding to time histories of past earthquake such as El Centro Earthquake record, Sanfranscisco Earthquake and Colianga Earthquake.

Read More...

The Problem After Oxygen, Water is the most important element required for the life to sustain (third element -Food is anyways depended on the Water & Oxygen) While nearly 71 percent of the Earth is covered by water, only 2.5 percent of it is fresh, out of that only 1% is available for consumption, suggesting all life (except marine) on the planet has to sustain with this small percentage of water, However, even this small percentage of Water – due to human interventions – is being polluted to an extent that the life – that the water is supposed to be– is becoming reasons for many deaths. Water pollution is one of the biggest threats to today’s world. Every year 3,575,000 people die from water-related diseases. This is equivalent to a jumbo jet crashing every hour. Most of these people are children (2.2 million). That is, a human being every 10 seconds, due to the scary effect of dirty water diseases Our country too faces this serious issue of water pollution. This issue gets magnified during the natural calamities. For example, after the recent floods in Kolhapur & Satara, the drinking water was so contaminated that more people suffered due to waterborne diseases than the flood itself. Even the World Health Organisation (WHO) has tracked the risk of the aftermath of floods due to waterborne diseases. During such an unfortunate event, if we can have a small portable and cheap device, which can help people check the Quality of Water, before consumption, it can help save many lives [1]. Existing Solutions & Our Proposal:- In the present scenario, water parameters are monitored by a chemical tester laboratory test, where the testing equipment is stationary and samples are provided to testing. Thus, it is a manual system with a tedious process and is very time-consuming. Most of the time in developing nations- like ours- water quality is checked in the laboratory only after some disaster or outbreak of water-borne diseases. Such tests are costly and never real-time. The ideal solution to this issue would be to make water quality monitoring equipment portable, cost-effective, and easy to use. This project is one such attempt, to allow everyone to check the quality of the water they are drinking, as Quality Drinking Water should be the basic Human Right [10].

Read More...

In recent years, Twitter has become a very important and prominent part of peoples life. The main reason people use twitter is to share information and their experiences. While expressing their sentiments via tweets they use a certain hashtag for the tweets they publish. When other people agree to it they retweet it, mark it as favorites and even share the tweet. When many people do this for the same hashtag, it starts to trend and the hashtag becomes popular. In this project, we look onto four hashtags of which three is related to football stars and one related to an award named Ballon d Or that is given to the best football player of the year. We harvest the data for three footballers and Ballon d Or award using hashtags. We analyze the datas like tweet text, retweets, favorite counts, the user who publishes those tweets, and hashtags that have been used while publishing tweets. We check the tweets that have been created before the award ceremony and also the tweets that are published after the ceremony. We make 4 buckets each for 4 hashtags and make two categories like:- before award and after awards. To analyze for popularity index we extract only those tweets where the retweets counts and favorites counts are more than 1500. After getting the popular tweets for each hashtag we clean the tweet text and analyze the sentiments of people associated with those tweets. We analyze sentiments for both before awards and after awards scenarios.

Read More...

Agriculture is one of the most important aspects of our life. From many years lot of people depends on agriculture either directly or indirectly by the means of agricultural outcomes. For leading life and to live in society, we need agriculture. In our country, more than half of the people depends on agriculture. But everything in agriculture is a manual way of doing. This is one of the biggest disadvantages in agriculture. To overcome this disadvantage smart agriculture technique is one of the ways of doing modernization. With the atomization of manual things doing in agriculture. Smart agriculture technology is a means of using IoT technology. It will reduce a lot of manual things in agriculture and helps farmers for more efficiency and easy way of agriculture. In past days the farmer cultivates the crops without exactly knowing the quality of soil, temperature range, humidity, and other factors. He directly cultivates the crops. They even didn’t have confidence over it. But when they use smart agriculture, they can analyze the exact quality of soil, which crops can yield well in particular soil, these basic factors if they know already by using a smart agriculture technology it will help in growing quality crops with best results. Smart agriculture works like sensing the temperature, water level, and also interruption to the crops from animals and birds. So IOT development can help in productivity as well as the efficiency of traditional development.

Read More...

Construction of an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) model for handwritten documents poses many challenges, the most prominent of them being dataset collection, character segmentation and classification. In this paper we recognize individual characters from multi language handwritten documents. We take Malayalam and English for recognition. Our approach has five stages, preprocessing, line detection, word detection, character segmentation and classification. First extract individual lines from the document then words from each line, and then characters from each word. Masking is performed to tackle the overlapping of character bounding boxes due to skewed lines and the presence of diacritics. The segmented characters fed to ANN model for recognition.

Read More...

The Open Graded Friction Course are widely used as a surface layer in the flexible pavement which is also termed as porous asphalt or popcorn mix. This OGFC mix has various advantages such as increased permeability, noise reduction and enhanced surface friction, mix is mainly comprises of large coarse aggregates, little fine aggregates and maximum percentage of asphalt content which makes mix more expensive. In the present research work an attempt is made to reduce the cost of the mix by using construction and demolition waste by replacing with virgin aggregates with increase percentage of 10, 20, 30 and 40% with addition PMB 40 and Arbocell fiber as a stabilizing agent to prevent drain down. In order to determine the feasibility of using construction and demolition waste in open graded mixes various tests such as indirect tensile test, fatigue test and rutting test is carried out. By conducting test on Air voids, Cantabro test and Drain down the optimum binder content for conventional mix and for mix with construction and demolition is determined. From the test results it is found that 30% construction and demolition waste can be replaced in open graded mixes.

Read More...

This project is based on the conversion of AC voltage to DC voltage with the help of step down transformer and this DC voltage gives to LED chaser circuit. This project is outstanding application of 555 Timer IC and CD 4017 counter IC. This project mainly contain Transformer, Rectifier circuit, 555Timer IC&CD4071 counter IC, LEDs. Temperature level bearded by it is 70 degree Celsius. This project give information about Bridge rectifier working and LED chaser working .This project mainly used for indicating the message and signal at bus stand ,railway station ,airports also used in digital watches and mobiles .The scope for LEDs are also given by this circuit.

Read More...

Life science and its dependence on technology are proliferating day by day. Pc motor-assisted medicine and alternative tools have reduced the tedious and time overwhelming manual diagnosing processes to major extent. But the method of decisive the bone fracture and diagnosing still follows manual review procedures. The method involves XRAYS for obtaining associate degree XRAY image of the broken space then manual review of by the doctors to work out the placement and sort of fracture. The traditional procedure is not solely time overwhelming however conjointly tedious and lead to improper diagnosing because of manual inaccuracies. Correct classification needs thorough experience to work out and classify the precise variety of fracture. This project proposes the idea of bone fracture detection and classification in XRAY pictures victimization machine learning. The XRAY pictures to be classified are fed to neural network model trained on massive coaching dataset akin to differing types of fractures. Coaching information and input parameters are properly tuned to extend the abstract thought accuracy of bone fracture detection and classification. Python is employed to develop a software system which is able to load the image to be classified and draw abstract thought relating to the fracture by feeding it to the model. During this project methodology is planned for detection and classification of Stable, Open, transverse, oblique and Commute fractures of tibia victimization machine learning. pc vision and Image process techniques victimization python open-cv are enforced for preprocessing of image information before feeding it to the metric capacity unit model. so this project proposes associate degree Machine learning approach for Bone Fracture Classification and Detection in XRAY pictures victimization Python and open-Cv.

Read More...

This paper presents a method for detection and classification of power quality disturbances using discrete wavelet transform. The power quality disturbances are generated with the help of MATLAB using mathematical relations as per IEEE Standard-1159. The investigated power quality disturbances include complex power quality disturbances. These power quality signals are decomposed using discrete wavelet transform with db4 as mother wavelet up to level 4 of decomposition. The plots related to detail coefficients and approximation coefficients are analyzed for detection of PQ disturbances. Based on the features of the plots, the presence of power quality disturbance in the signal is investigated.

Read More...

The paper deals with the Electrostatic Hazard Assessment of the electrostatic ignition hazards when flammable gases, liquids or combustible powders are handled and processed in pharmaceutical industry. An electrostatic discharge is one of the most crucial ignition sources for combustible substances and flammable liquid. In order to carry out correct safety measures to prevent from ignition, it is necessary to carry out correct assessment and understanding of electrostatic charge. This report includes identification of hazardous chemicals which can be a source of ignition in form of static charge, assessment of accumulation of static charge and its discharge energy. This report is presented for one of the largest steroid and hormone API manufacturer in India who deals various types of hazardous chemicals to produced specialty steroid and hormone API derivatives. In API manufacturing industry there are numerous operations starts from handling of raw solvent, flammable liquid or combustible dust to dispensing of finished fine powder can also lead to static charge. In order to prevent incidents/accident caused by electrostatic discharge, it is necessary that operators or staffs working in API plants observe and understand electrostatic potential hazards and have preventive measures with safety experts. Electrostaticcharge and discharge phenomena, preventive measures against static electricity and some methods for assessment of electrostatic hazards are described in this paper.

Read More...

The environmental awareness and stern regulations on managing industrial waste, the world is increasingly turning to researching properties of industrial wastes and finding solutions on using their valuable component parts so that those might be used as secondary raw material for other industrial applications. Silica-fume is the bi- product of the ferrosilicon alloy production and Fly-ash is by-product of coal thermal power plants. To date, these by-products are being used in other industrial area and in the field of civil industries, such as in cement production along with clinker and in masonry work for civil works. Considering the specificity of physical and chemical properties of fly-ash and silica-fume and a series of possibilities for their use in concrete, this research work demonstrates the possibilities of using fly-ash and silica-fume together as partial replacements of cement in concrete. This research work presents an investigation of compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete by adding silica-fume and Fly-ash as partial replacement of cement in various percentages for M40 grade of concrete in rigid pavement construction.

Read More...

Big Data refers to complex and large data sets that have to be processed and analyzed to uncover valuable information that can benefit businesses and organizations. It refers to a massive amount of data that keeps on growing exponentially with time. This paper presents the structure of big data, characteristic of big data, challenges of big data, such as security & privacy, curation, capture, scalability & performance, data transaction, and their solutions. It is so voluminous that it cannot be processed or analyzed using conventional data processing techniques. It includes data mining, data storage, data analysis, data sharing, and data visualization. The term is an all-comprehensive one including data, data frameworks, along with the tools and techniques used to process and analyze the data.

Read More...

There is a great demand of both coarse & fine aggregates for the construction of concrete structures day by day. But Availability of natural sand is limited due to limited resources. The Government contemplating ban on dredging of River beds to quarry river sand, as part of the growing concern for environment protection. For Infrastructure development of country construction work could not be stopped. So an alternate of natural sand is necessarily required in concrete constructions. Artificial sand or manufactured sand has found excellent substitute of natural sand. Manufactured sand shows greater durability, high strength, greater workability, economic and Eco friendly. In this paper review has been done on “Effect on compressive strength with replacement of manufactured sand with natural sand in concrete”.

Read More...

Traffic flow prediction is very important in urban regions were traffic congestion is a major problem. The traffic congestion create many problems such as wastage of time, carbon emission leads to pollution, traffic blocks which can lead to many other problems. Hence by using traffic flow prediction methods we can reduce these problems. Using this methods we can predict the situation of traffic at the lane and we can plan our journey accordingly. In our proposed system we develop a mobile application which is platform independent which is used for the prediction of traffic in a region. In our system it is real time monitoring system where our input is the video taken from the road. Those video will be passed to YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm for object detection. The algorithm use a neural network to the full image, and then divides the image into grids and predicts bounding boxes and probabilities. The Yolo algorithm use Common Objects in Context (COCO) dataset which has 80 objects including car, bus, person and so on. We train the model such that vehicles will be detected from the video. We take the count of the vehicle and predict the traffic in the region whether low, medium or heavy. Our proposed method is more accurate than other methods since the algorithm can detect static vehicles and also ignore the shadows and reflections.

Read More...

ERP refers to Enterprise Resource Planning is a business process management software that is extensively in use to boost the insignificant effectiveness of a structural module and make itself computerized and automated by the implementation of multiple unified applications. The Increase in technological advancements and Information systems have made ERP a universally acceptable tool for systematic decision making, operations, and proper establishment for an organization [1]. The ERP accession for a certain company is prolonged and a very costly process [14]. It is very important to implement it properly. If the implemented system is not well-suited, it can be very destructive for a company. Hence, it is very important to give proper consideration when it comes to selecting the distribution and implementation of a system. The deployment of the ERP system in an industry requires extensive and considerable changes. Therefore it must meet its strategic and tactical objectives. During implementation, multiple factors can go wrong like cost, technical problems, occupancy issue, flat profile curves, etc. [2] Hence it is very crucial to study and understand these factors and come up with a proper plan to distribute the process efficiently.

Read More...

Machine Learning (ML) has unfold from the Artificial Intelligence, a field of computer science .Machine Learning (ML) is multidisciplinary field, a combination of statistics and computer science algorithms which is widely used in predictive analyses and classification. Over the past decades, Artificial intelligence (AI) stream has become the broad and exciting field in computer science as it prepare the machines to perform the tasks that human being may do. and it aims to train the computers to solve real world problems with the maximum success rate. As perceiving scientific growth and advancement in technology AI systems are now capable to learn and improve through past experiences without explicitly assistance code if they exposed to new data. Eventually it leads to technology of Machine learning (ML) which uses learning algorithms to learn from the data available. Machine Learning uses data mining techniques to extract the information from the huge size datasets. ML and Data Mining techniques explore data from end to end to find the hidden patterns inside dataset. Machine Learning and data mining algorithms has been deployed in various fields such as Computer networking, travel and tourism industry, finance forecasting, telecommunication industry and electric load forecasting and so on at least.

Read More...

We live in a world of computers. With advances in the PC innovation and the World Wide Web there has been a rapid raise in the quantity and trouble of multimedia data that is generated, stored, transmitted, analyzed, and accessed. Models of Human Memory and Computer Information retrieval use for represent information and accessing the information. The person brain stores and retrieve descriptions by connection. Most of us think that the computers are superior to us and underestimate the Human Brain. Instead, we do not realize how complete and superior we are to the computer world in reality. Today world’s most powerful Computer is the supercomputer Tianhe-2. In education concepts, acquiring words, and greedy causal associations, our minds make inferences that materialize to go far beyond the data available. So there is a detailed comparison between the Human Brain and the Computer world. In this Appendix chapter, we talk about HCI, the interface between Man and engine which has been a quite flourishing approach.

Read More...

short circuit analysis are also termed as fault calculation of the system. This paper presents the load flow analysis and short circuit analysis for electric distribution system of metro rail way station. 33kV distribution system is design in ETAP software, choosing the normal load condition, load flow and short circuit analysis are carried out. Short circuit analysis of theoretical and software generated results are compared.

Read More...

MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding, also known as MAG ( Metal Active Gas ) and in the USA as GMAW ( Gas Metal Arc Welding), is a welding process that is now widely used for welding a variety of materials, ferrous and non ferrous. The essential feature of the process is the small diameter electrode wire, which is fed continuously into the arc from a coil. As a result this process can produce quick and neat welds over a wide range of joints. HSLA Steel (high strength low alloy steel) is a type of steel alloy that provides many benefits over regular steel alloys. In general, HSLA alloys are much stronger and tougher than ordinary plain carbon steels. They are used in cars, trucks, cranes, bridges and other structures that are designed to handle a lot of stress, often at very low temperatures. The various welding parameters such as current, voltage and arc length are varied on RCS 450 steel (alloy steel) and the effect of these parameters are studied on leg length and strength of a single transverse fillet weld using MIG welding. Mathematical model has been developed for relating leg length, current, and voltage and arc length. The Leg length is measured using a vernier scale and then it is compared with the calculated value of leg length that is obtained from the mathematical model. The Mathematical Model is developed using excel software and minimum value of R2is considered to be the fittest model. RCS 450 is used as material owing to its application in fabrication industry. The material dimension is 70mmx50mmx8mm , and 30 such samples are cut using a plasma machine. MIG A convenient way to evaluate the performance of mathematical equation in presenting the system under investigation is through the concept of response surface methodology. It is assumed that there exit some functional relationship such as:- Y = f ( X1,X2,X3). Where Y is the leg Length. X1 is the welding current. X2 is the welding voltage. X3 is the arc length. Y is the leg length.

Read More...

Issue of economic and environment sustainability of the sugar industry has drawn attention of all stakeholders of sugar industry over the years. While for achieving the economic sustainability, there is growing concept of converting sugar factories to ‘Agri-Business Complexes’ or ‘Bio-refineries’, for achieving environmental sustainability many policy interventions have been made during the last few years. There are growing concerns on environmental issues necessitating stringent control on the whole landscape of sugarcane cultivation and processing.

Read More...

In present days the energy consumption scenario is clearly showing the faster depletion of fossil fuel reserves. On the other hand, the energy usage index indicates the state of growth of a country. The use of renewable energy sources like solar PV has increased in recent years. It faces lots of challenges such as high cost, erratic and unpredictable in nature, needs for storage and low efficiency. The solar PV modules are generally employed in dusty environments which is a case like India. The dust gets accumulated on the front surface of the module and blocks the incident light from the sun. It reduces the power generation capacity of the module. The power output reduces as much as by 50%. The solar photovoltaic panel cleaning technology can considerably increase the efficiency of electricity generated and also increase the durability of Solar panels. Power output is reduced if the module is not cleaned for a month. In order to regularly clean the dust, an automatic cleaning system that removes the dust on the solar panel is to be developed. To overcome this, a solar panel cleaning robot is used to clean the PV modules.

Read More...

The study tried in playacting one dimensional ground response analysis by the utilization of program ‘SHAKE 2000’ for assessing the potential amplification of earthquake ground motions with relevance totally different characteristic parameters in different kinds of soil conditions in Bangladesh. An exact earthquake motion from the earthquake record information was taken as input motion for the soil profiles. Simplified relations relating solely to the ‘SPT-N value’ was used for determinant of most shear modulus and damping of 5% was thought-about for all the locations. From the information of dynamic material properties, G/Gmax (modulus reduction) and damping curves were adopted for the layers. The analysis was supported two sites of Banasree in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The graphs from all the locations were compared to produce choices concerning their amendment with relevance kind of soil layers, depth, time and frequency relating with the input object ground motion.

Read More...

this paper describes some important aspects concerning the role of visualization in mathematics learning. Visualizations both the product and the process of creation, interpretation and reflection upon pictures and images, is gaining increased visibility in mathematics and mathematics education. This paper is an attempt to define visualization and to analyze, exemplify and reflect upon the many different and rich roles it can and should play in the learning and the doing of mathematics. At the same time, we consider an example from integral calculus which focuses on visual interpretation and the example of exponential and logarithmic function over visualization. Technical Faculty often use graphs as part of their math curriculum. Graphs help students organize and analyze information in well-structured formats, making it easier to interpret data. Visual learners respond especially well to graphs and often understand the information better without pages of text. The empirical study is based on two problems related to the integral concept that highlights various facts of visualization. The finding show the importance as well as the difficulties of visualization for the students.

Read More...

In recent years, Twitter has become a very important and prominent part of peoples life. The main reason people use twitter is to share information and their experiences. While expressing their sentiments via tweets they use a certain hashtag for the tweets they publish. When other people agree to it they retweet it, mark it as favorites and even share the tweet. When many people do this for the same hashtag, it starts to trend and the hashtag becomes popular. In this project, we look onto four hashtags of which three is related to football stars and one related to an award named Ballon d Or that is given to the best football player of the year. We harvest the data for three footballers and Ballon dOr award using hashtags. We analyze the datas like tweet text, retweets, favorite counts, the user who publishes those tweets, and hashtags that have been used while publishing tweets. We check the tweets that have been created before the award ceremony and also the tweets that are published after the ceremony. We make 4 buckets each for 4 hashtags and make two categories like:- before award and after awards. To analyze for popularity index we extract only those tweets where the retweets counts and favorites counts are more than 1500. After getting the popular tweets for each hashtag we clean the tweet text and analyze the sentiments of people associated with those tweets. We analyze sentiments for both before awards and after awards scenarios.

Read More...

Korba city is situated on the banks of the confluence of rivers Hasdeo and Ahiran. Korba is the power capital of Chhattisgarh. Ground water is the main sources of drinking water in the district. To know the suitability of water for domestic use, water samples were collected from 62 different locations. These collected water samples were analysed for the physicochemical parameters (Temperature, pH, Conductivity), major ions (Ca, Mg, Na, K, CO3, HCO3, Cl, SO4, F) Total Hardness (TH) and Total Alkalinity (TA) and heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr). To see the suitability of water quality for drinking purpose the obtained values are being compared with BIS (10500: 2012) drinking water standards. The hydro chemical analysis results reveals that the ground water is mild alkaline in nature and of low conductivity value. The concentration of all major ions calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride and sulphate are generally found within the limit set by BIS and ground water of shallow aquifer is moderately hard in nature. The occurrence of high nitrate, fluoride and heavy metals in some of the groundwater samples has also been observed. The changes with time the water quality results were compared with the previous studies and this temporal variation around the industrial city, Korba, has been described in the present paper.

Read More...