Mutual coupling in antenna arrays is an emerging area of research that has drawn the attention of many researchers. Starting with the definition of mutual coupling, the paper discusses the need for these systems to be implemented in different application domains, and the research challenges to define a suitable formalism that is more than applicable in the wireless domain. The paper concludes with mutual coupling playing a major role in the design and development of future antenna systems, a state of art with regard to the main research on mutual coupling reduction.

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A Fine-grained and immediate attribute decision is provided for key update. It uses P-ABE key management protocol which is secure and effective. Our construction is memory efficient as it stores private keys without adding any extra infrastructure. The collaborative mechanism helps it to reduce client decryption overhead by employing a decryption server to execute decryption process. It helps to optimize the clients user experience since it helps additional tasks like decryption from user, and most of the work is done by the decryption server.

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The use of light weight concrete is found to be advantageous in the self-weight of any structure. Self-weight of foamed light weight concrete is lighter than normal concrete nor brick. It became a sweet solution in civil industry. Foam concrete is a vast majority of concrete containing no large aggregates, only fine sand and with extremely light weight materials containing cement, water and foam. It can be considered relatively homogeneous when compared to normal concrete, as it does not contain coarse aggregate phase. Application of foamed light weight concrete on the wall of high rise building will decrease structural load while lower structural load the structural dimension will significantly decrease and construction cost too. Our project represent that foam concrete is effective sustainable material for construction with use of effective cost in foam concrete as replacement of coarse aggregate material. Compressive strength, density test and water absorption test that have been performed with various proportion of foaming agent for 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%. Comparison used 1 cement: 1 aggregate. Aggregate consist of sand & fly ash added material 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% & 75% by weight of sand. Cement water factor 0.35% & foam 30%, 40% & 50% of light weight concrete volume. Cylinder sample dimensions are 75mm in dia and 150mm in depth. The study concludes an optimal mix design with 10% fly ash along with 10% stable foam to create light weight foamed concrete brick with fly ash.

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For this research, various supervised regression algorithms were applied to the same dataset which contains various information about the used cars such as odometer, economy etc. As a result, Random Forest algorithm gives the best results with root mean square value (RMSE) of 0.462 followed by Artificial Neural Networks with RMSE = 0.928.

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Biodiesel is a form of diesel fuel derived from plants or animals and consisting of long-chain fatty acid esters. It is typically made by chemically reacting lipids such as animal fat (tallow), soybean oil, or some other vegetable oil with an alcohol, producing a methyl, ethyl or propyl ester. By using biodiesel, we can protect the environment and begin to address climate change. Biodiesel sharply reduces major harmful pollutants, toxic gases such as NOx, CO, CO2, HC etc. Using it in place of fossil fuels cuts particulate matter and hydrocarbon emissions and various harmful gases by nearly half. Nonedible oil from Cashew nut shell (CNS) is reported to be feasible choices for developing countries including India where consumption of fuel is very high. CNS oil is relatively an inexpensive and available raw material for biodiesel production as India is one of the largest producers of cashew nut in the world. additives added in to the blends of biodiesel with diesel then they can enhance the quality of combustion and leads to complete combustion. Diethyl ether, ethanol, methanol, and n-butanol can be used as biodiesel additive because of their higher oxygen content. nanoparticles as additive in biodiesel has emerged as a new promising fuel additive for achieving improvement in the performance and level best reduction of exhaust emission. Biodiesel fuel filter blockage problems occur even though the biodiesels cold flow properties (CFP) filter clogging problems, viscosity, air quality, etc. Hence, it is todays need to reduce harmful pollutants which is generate from diesel and use biodiesel with best additives and make biodiesel more eco-friendly. In the present work Cashew Nut Shell is produced by the Transesterification process. crystalline structure of nano additives is done with the help of X-ray Diffraction Technique (XRD). additives and nano particles sio2 and Al203 additives are blend with the help of ultrasonicator in CNS oil and comparison between the with and without nano additives in biodiesel. Using Nano additives in biodiesel to achieve best reduction of exhaust emission to improves air quality of the environment.

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The structural analysis software plays an important role to carry out the seismic calculation for the infrastructures. In this modern period of time, where computer has reached every phase of life, using the traditional book system for analytical development of the students, which is no doubt necessary, is no longer sufficient. Moreover, construction and design has become so much competitive in this world that using computers became mandatory. In this chapter, an introduction to the structural analysis software ETABS has been presented. Different features of the software have been highlighted which was used to carry out the analysis work presented in this book. ETABS stand for Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems. ETABS is generally used to modelling and analyse low and high rise buildings, skyscrapers, parking garages, steel and concrete structure, portal frame structure. The case study in this mainly accentuate on the structural behaviour of a multi-story building for the different plan configuration. Modelling of 75 story R.C.C. building is done on the ETABS software for analysis. Post analysis of the structure, maximum shear forces, bending moments, displacements due to dead load, live load, wind load, earthquake load are computed and then compared for all case analysis.

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With over 94% of global organic web traffic attributed to Google, Search Engine Optimization is a critical part of any brand’s organic growth strategy. Sitting at the top of the customer buying journey, search engines are where your potential customers are looking for solutions to their needs and problems – so if you aren’t being found here, you’re missing out on valuable new leads and opportunities. An Open Source Page Ranking Algorithm is proposed in this paper. Which can be used by anyone in the implementation of a search engine, and set up their Search Engine Optimization (SEO) accordingly. That can help different kinds of content writers/creators to be present with their material at the top of the search results. And provide consumers a safer environment where they don’t need to worry about their search queries being tracked.

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In recent years, with the enormous volumes of data produced every day because of the rapid increase in computer/mobile usage and digital computer network, the defense of the computer system becomes more and more crucial. This brings a growing concern in information security and analysis of data, as network hackers discover new network intrusion attacks day by day. Network Intrusion detection system prevents network attacks by monitoring the computer network and analyzing the data in the computer system or the computer network. There have been various researches conducted to find an efficient solution to prevent network intrusion to ensure privacy and security in the computer network. But with the emergence of high volume, variety, and velocity of data in the computer network, the traditional techniques for network intrusion detection face difficulty in the data analysis process to detect attacks. Machine learning techniques prove to be a very effective tool for analysis of abnormal behavior as it provides supervised and unsupervised methods for clustering classification and regression. These techniques can identify any anomalous behavior in computer network traffic. The principal aim of this paper is to develop a machine learning model which can work on a dataset with no output label i.e., no dependent variable and should be able to classify any abnormal behavior in the network traffic, to satisfy this aim a combination of the unsupervised and supervised machine learning algorithms is used to develop a hybrid machine learning model which will cluster and classify any abnormal behavior in network traffic. The CICIDS2017 dataset is used to train and test the proposed model. The algorithms used to develop the hybrid machine learning model are Principal Component Analysis/PCA (unsupervised machine learning) used for dimensionality reduction, Kohonen Self Organized Maps (unsupervised machine learning) used for visualization and clustering and Artificial Neural Networks (supervised Machine learning) used for regression and classification. The accuracy calculated for the evaluation of the developed hybrid model is 82%, with a False Positive of 9.40% and False Negative of 6.64%.

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In todays world many people like a businessmans, Media, politicians, etc., uses Twitter daily & have become an important part of life. An increasing number of people on twitter but hide their identity for malignant purpose. It is dangerous for other users hence the necessity for identifying the twitter bots. Thus there is a developing need for distinguishing which account contains bots or not. The characteristics of twitter accounts are utilized as Features in machine learning algorithms to label users as genuine or fake. In this paper, we used three machine learning algorithms to detect the account is fake or real, which are Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Multinomial Naive Bayes The classification performance of the algorithms is compared with their accuracy. The accuracy given by the Decision tree algorithm is 93%, the Random Forest algorithm is 90% and the Multinomial Naive Bayes is 89%. Hence it is seen that the Decision tree gives more accuracy as compared to Random Forest and Multinomial Naive Bayes.

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This research paper deals about the Sustainable manufacturing, which is the backbone for Green Manufacturing because the goal of both manufacturing have same which has been explained in the comparison of the Sustainable Manufacturing and Green Manufacturing. The objective of this paper to create awareness among the manufacturer and research manufacturing company has competition with each other in this modern manufacturing world. As, we can see that almost all the industry wants to earn money that’s why they are increasing their manufacturing day by day without thinking about the environment. From manufacturing industries wastage emission like SO2, CO, NO2, which destroying the natural environment. The solid waste which are coming out of manufacturing industries which damped into the land which harm to our agricultural land, human being and land animals also as well goes to underwater destroy to aquatic animal and plants. Sustainable manufacturing & Green manufacturing such that both helps in reducing the waste or removing the waste from the environment. Green Manufacturing helps in supporting the renewable energy uses because of using recycled, reuse and remanufacturing. The Sustainable manufacturing very much supports the present resources like coal, petroleum, natural gases, etc. Natural resources which are available precious for our earth like coal, oil, natural gas available for a limited time in the future if they are using continuous by the manufacturing company and human being. Therefore, GM and SM helps for recycling, reuse, and re manufacturing also support the use of renewable energy resources.

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Automatic Image Captioning deals with the process of generating textual description from an image based on the objects and their properties in the image. This process has many potential applications in real life. An important one would be to save the captions of an image so that it can be retrieved easily at a later stage just on the basis of this description. In this paper, we have shown the various methods of image captioning. Along with various methods for image captioning, the various models for better performance are also discussed. Using this, appropriate method or technique for image captioning can be used as we have various types of images in real life from various domains. In last, we have shown datasets, evaluation metrics and futuristic research directions.

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One characteristics of raw water is the presence of sediments and suspended particles, alongside dissolved organic matter (DOM). These constituents impart colour and turbidity including pathogens to the water, making it unsafe for human consumption. Coagulation-flocculation is a major step in the drinking water treatment process, allowing the removal of colloidal particles and organic matter which are precursors to potentially carcinogenic disinfection by-products. To provide a practical cost-effective solution to colour and turbidity removal, this work investigated the performance of alum (Al2(SO4)3 at different levels of concentration for the treatment of raw water using the jar test procedure. Each aluminium dose was investigated on a pH level of 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, and 7.5 respectively. The results showed that optimum colour and turbidity removal was achieved at pH 6.5 for which 90 % colour and 70 % turbidity removals respectively were achieved using 90 mg/l alum dose. Above the optimum pH, end turbidity of the water was increased above the residual value for alum concentrations below 90 mg/l, while there was no appreciable reduction in end colour. This study demonstrated that the operating conditions of a water treatment plant can affect its treatment efficiency. It also highlighted the need to investigate the various conditions that could affect colour and turbidity removal in a conventional water treatment process.

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In this modern world, nations are looking forward for renewable energy since they are free, clean to use and are available abundantly in the nature when compared to the fossil fuels. According to the latest reports, India is becoming a solar superpower because international airport like CIAL is running purely over renewable energy. And one of the world’s largest solar projects has just been completed in Tamil Nadu, India. This project aims to build a trial device which can be used prior to the implementation of solar plant which uses a huge investment for its completion. The project is divided into two parts- hardware and software. Hardware parts comprises of Arduino, LDR sensors and servo motors whereas software consist of a mobile application for accessing graph. For cloud computing Amazon web server is used. Data that we obtained from the LDR sensors are sent to the cloud and computational processes will be done there. And finally, after processing, the output will be a graph. The graph can be accessed by the mobile application. By analyzing the graph, we can decide whether the location we are planning to have a huge project like solar plant, will be suitable or not. Benefit from this project is the early prediction about future of the solar plant, planning for a particular location. And, thus, it helps to prevent huge investment before knowing the feasibility of the project.

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In the ongoing past, India has seen mass decimation because of disappointment of structures hit by seismic tremors also, therefore, lost a ton of lives. Thus, it is of most extreme significance that consideration be given to the assessment of the sufficiency of strength in surrounded RC structures to oppose solid ground movements. In this endeavor an old four story strengthened solid structure has been viewed as which lies in zone iii according to is 1893 2000 portrayal of seismic zones in India. For nonstructural individuals stone work infill has been expected. In the Equivalent Static Method of examination, the seismic burden following up on the structure is expected to be a proportionate static level power applied to singular frames. The all out force applied will be equivalent to the result of product of the acceleration response spectrum and the seismic weight. It is utilized just for low to tall structures without huge coupled torsional modes. The structure is planned in software, considering M15 cement and Fe250 steel reinforcement for with and without seismic tremor loading conditions. The interest moments and shear have been noted down from the product investigation and contrasted with the limits of the given area. FRP jacketing is the most proper technique for retrofitting the failing members in the given 4- story RC structure. The standards expressed in ACI 440-2R.02 have been followed to compute and recommend the technique and plan of utilization of FRPs to the part and furthermore the quantity of employs to be utilized. Starting there an examination has been done on the proportion of profitability achieved in making do with the deficiency in the individuals. The FRP strengthening framework has been checked for functionality just as creep-crack points of confinement since the whole displaying, examination and plan for the structure has been finished utilizing limit state plan.

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RCA is made up of both aggregate and cement mortar from its original application. Its make-up results in absorption capacities, which are higher than NA. Its high absorption capacity indicates that RCA can retain a relatively large proportion of water. Internal curing of concrete is the practice of intentionally entraining reservoirs of water within concrete. This water is drawn into the cement at a beneficial point in the cement hydration process. This water allows for a more complete hydration reaction, less desiccation, a less permeable concrete pore system, and less susceptibility to the negative effects of poor curing. The potential for RCA to act as an internal curing agent was evaluated in this research. The study reveals that the use of RCA has substantial effects on concrete performance. These strategies, however, somewhat reduce the green aspect of the proposed mixed concrete with RCA.

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Nowadays, it should be necessary to cleaning and maintaining the roads by advanced techniques. By the self-cleaning process of the roads, it makes roads clean automatically and becomes economically also. This technique maintaining the road pavements also. In future, lots of highways will be constructing in India. In India temperature changes rapidly which causes cracks to roads leading to failure of road. These problems are solved out by following system. Accidents were mainly occurring on the roads, due to slippery or all that. By that many people get died or injured badly. By this maintenance of lower part of vehicle was also reduced with the reduced maintenance of road. It becomes economically as instead of paying to sweepers and road cleaning machineries, it will be cleaned automatically.

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Major problem for designer of an automobile is to obtain its utility & to enhance the value with development, so that product acceptability is maintained. Tilting trikes inherit leaning &dynamic stability characteristics of bicycles and static stability of trikes. Trikes can be better in cornering, stopping, handling & in stability than practical bicycles. Motorized and unmortised tilting reverse trikes are a new vehicle development. This project focuses on unmortised tilting recumbent trikes (tilters). They are part of the family of human powered cycles, which can have lower wind resistance and travel faster for the same effort than more conventional cycles.

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The goal of the Electric Power Industry is to provide a constant electric supply at minimum cost. To achieve this the power industry has to deal with many complications, viz. variability of load, growing demands of power, requirement of good quality fuels, and fast changing technologies. In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, namely fuzzy logic, expert systems, genetic algorithm and artificial neural networks (ANN), have gained immense popularity in solving such problems. This paper focuses on Artificial Neural Networks and their applications in the Electric Power Industry. Firstly, it describes the ANN technology and how it can be used in the power industry. Then the intention of this paper is to give a succinct overview of the fields where ANN is being used such as load forecasting, economic load dispatch, security assessment, and fault detection.

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Today’s fast-growing industrialization where production of materials is touching the remarkably Heights, so it’s the need of an hour to utilize the waste which is produced in these factories. Paper producing industries generates a huge quantity of waste, it overcome these problems we need to tackle with alternate methods which will help to the reduce the impact of major environmental problems. This factory ash is known as Hypo Sludge Ash (HSA), for the assembly of paper the chemical is mixed and used for a numerous time for producing the paper of good quality but once its usefulness is achieved the staple can’t be again utilize and also Ground Granulated furnace slag which is that the by-product of ore is used for comparison and its usefulness is suggested. In this project work these wastes is used to replace the cement in various proportions and noticeable changes in reading are recorded. Accordingly, the design mix is made for M40 grade concrete and testing is performed by means of compression testing machine (CTM) and flexural testing machine. It was found that optimum results are obtained at 10 % a replacement of factory ash. The increasing amount of waste is a concerning reality that has arose the sustainability issues of the environment. Hypo plant in the paper industry generates a large volume of waste in the form of slurry, disposal of which causes environmental pollution. The production of cement also accounts for the global warming by releasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, formulation of concrete with industrial waste can help in minimizing the environmental problems. In this study hypo sludge was used as a replacement of cement in concrete. Polypropylene fiber (PPF) is a synthetic hydrocarbon polymer which was added to augment the strength of the concrete. In present study, 450 specimens were prepared by varying percentage of hypo sludge (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% & 20%) and polypropylene fiber (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%&0.10%). The workability of concrete was tested immediately after preparing the concrete whereas the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of concrete tests were tested after 7,14 and 28 days of curing. Results indicate that the workability of concrete decreases from medium to low with an increase in content of hypo sludge and polypropylene fiber. The addition of both hypo sludge and polypropylene fiber increases the strength of concrete for all curing ages up to sure point. After that, there is an abrupt reduction in strength of the concrete. The combination of 10% hypo sludge and 0.5% polypropylene fiber is suggested for the utmost strength with minimum coefficient of brittleness. Incorporation of hypo sludge decreases the cost of concrete up to 18.35%.

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In this survey paper discuss electricity market clearing price forecast based on ANN. In the current generation Electricity Market Clearing Price Forecast play on important role in market price forecasting. In the last decade there are many research work purposed in the area of based on ANN. In this review paper discuss based on ANN and its specification. Also discuss the Frequency And Amplitude Control arise in electricity market clearing price forecast based on ANN such as Electricity.

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The building material mainly reinforced concrete is being used comprehensively for innumerable forms of construction developments. Although reinforced concrete structures are designed as per codes / standards but enough care is not always taken during construction process. The various causes of structural failure and the principles of rehabilitation of structures are discussed. To one side, it requires regular maintenance and on other side many structures call for widespread repair, rehabilitation & retrofitting. With the passage of time, as these structures develop older, we discover in them certain dilapidation or weakening with subsequent distress revealed in the form of delamination, cracking, corrosion and splitting etc. Such worsened structures can be repaired, rehabilitated and retrofitted by means of several sorts of admixtures & new repair materials. The main criteria is how to repair a reinforced concrete elements of structures and for this the skills, knowledge, and experience required to repair damaged or deteriorated structures are decidedly different from those required to build new structures. The purpose of this project is to suggest methods of repair, rehabilitation and retrofitting of RC framed structures and to justify the latest techniques, advanced materials and various requirements of repairing work to obstruct the deterioration which is necessary and economical than to reconstruct the building.

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In pharmaceutical industry there are huge amount of usage of inert gases. There are many areas from technical area to clean area where inert gas is used to improve quality product as well safety point of view. But there is a chance of asphyxiation hazard in case of leakage. After evaluating the type of inert Substances and area of application it is further need to have proper estimation of release. Quantum of release needs to be evaluated mathematically. How much pressure of inert gas is being used, Up to what extent it can lead to spread into the atmosphere, calculate the amount of release whether it can easily deplete the oxygen level from safest level to dangerous level. All these aspects need to be evaluated carefully while assessing asphyxiation hazard risk assessment. The basic scope of this study is to provide adequate information about asphyxiation hazard for supervisors, line managers, direct workers and users wherever inert gases are produced, stored, used, or where oxygen depletion could otherwise occur.

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Pervious concrete is a very special type of concrete with high porosity, Water Absorbing pavement is a new technique in Pavement construction. Through this technique we can find a solution for the low ground water level, effective management of storm water runoff, Agricultural problems, etc. Pervious concrete can be introduced in low traffic volume areas, walk ways, sub base for concrete pavements, inter locking material, garden residential , green house, basketball court , volleyball house etc. Pervious concrete as a paving material have the ability to allow water to flow through itself to recharge ground water level and minimize surface storm water runoff. This property of porous concrete reviews its applications and engineering properties, including environmental benefits, strength and durability. By replacing a part of cement with fly ash, then it results the safe disposal of waste material. Hence it acts as an eco-friendly paving material.

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The principal medium for human communication is speech and writing. To access the information in a text a person needs vision. Those with poor vision, however, can collect information from speech. High performance and portable digital imaging technologies have created a huge opportunity for blind or visually disabled people and the growing availability of cost savings to replace conventional scanning for document image acquisition. This project proposes a camera-based text-based assistive reading to assist visually impaired people in reading the text present on the image taken. The faces can also be detected when the mode control inputs a person into the frame. The proposed concept involves extracting text from scanned image using Tesseract Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and translating the text through e-Speak method into speech, a process that lets people with visual impairments interpret the text. This is a project for blind people to identify real world goods by extracting the text on the image and translating it into expression. Imaginative and prescient, by GOD, is a beautiful gift to humanity. Imaginative and prescient let people experience and comprehend the global environment. Blind human beings struggle too hard to keep their wretched lives until date. A simple, cheap, friendly consumer, virtual eye is designed and implemented within the work provided to enhance the mobility of every blind and visually impaired human in a particular region. The paintings given consist of a portable gadget with head hat, mini hand stick and foot shoes to help the blind person move effectively and to prevent any persistent or mobile limitations that may be encountered.

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This paper represents to implementation of “Delivery quadcopter drone” which is used for delivering the moderate weight drugs and products and also, we reduce the air pollution with the help of this prototype drone model. The delivery drone can fly without human interference and it is controlled by autonomously. The main aim of our project is to design the delivery drone for delivering the moderate weight drugs and products. Delivery drone is also called as unmanned aerial vehicle for product. We go for this type of implementation of drone because of in mega city traffic is the main issue, due to this type of issue delivery vehicle cannot afford to quick service to the customer. Hence, we created this type prototype model. To solve this type of issues or problems we going to create delivery drone, using delivery drone we afford the fast and quick service to the customer. The product is delivered to customer on the basis of GPS system we locate the position of the place where to product delivered and also, we track is current location with the help of android web application through satellite control. All data information is sending both consumer as well as supplier with the help of GSM module, and also with the help of GPS system the delivery drone goes the correct destination place. Hence, we used GPS system in our delivery drone. Using GPS system, we easily track the position of the drone location.

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